MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
1. Solution- c Both the statements are correct. Explanation- Both the statements are correct. First statement is correct as LokmanyaTilak took the The Indian National Congress is a broad-based movements to different parts of the world especially political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was Poona and Bombay. the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. Second statement is correct because at the 7th August meeting, the Boycott resolution was passed. From the late 19th-century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement, with over 15 million Chapter- 12 members and over 70 million participants. The Congress led India to independence from Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1918) Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Page no. 291 Empire.
Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India 4. Solution- c Chapter- 11 Explanation- Indian National Congress- Foundation and the Moderate Phase First statement is incorrect. The official reason given for the decision was that Bengal with a population of Page no. 274 78 million had become too big to administer.
Second statement is correct. Swadeshi Movement wasalso known as Vandematram Movement in deltaic 2. Solution- a Andhra.
Explanation- First option is correct. Third statement is incorrect. It was decided toannul the partition of Bengal in 1911 mainly to curb the In 1906, the session at Calcutta was presided by Dada menace of revolutionary terrorism. BhaiNaoroji. In this session, the congress was compelled by the extremists to adopt following Source- India’s struggle for independence- Bipin resolutions which were accepted by the moderates with Chandra half heart. These were as follows: Chapter 10 (The swadeshi movement 1903-1908) Resolution on Partition of Bengal Resolution of Self Government (Swaraj) Page no. 124 Resolution on Swadeshi
Resolution on Boycott 5. Solution- a Thus in Calcutta session of 1906, under the leadership of DadabhaiNaoroji, Congress adopted Swaraj as the Explanation- Goal of Indian people. Extremist Leaders- BalGangadharTilak, Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India LalaLajpatRai,Bipin Chandra Pal and AurobindoGhosh Appendices The Moderate leaders- DadabhaiNaoroji, W.C Bonnerjee, S. N Banerjee and Pherozshah Mehta Indian National Congress Annual Sessions
Page no. 760 Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Chapter 12- Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909)
Page no. 303 3. Solution- c
Explanation- 6. Solution- b 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 1 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
Explanation- Second statement is incorrect. Lord Lytonintroducedalaw which reduced the maximum age First statement is correct. In 1926, S. of civilservices exam from 21 to 19. SrinivasIyengarpresided over Congress session in Guwahati which is the only session in North East. Lord Ripon remained India’s Viceroy from 1880-84. This liberal politician is known for many reforms in the Second statement is incorrect. Rash internal administration of India. The most important BehariGhoshpresidedSurat session of 1907 in which events during this time were as follows: there was a split in Congress into the Moderates and Extremists The Vernacular Press Act was repealed in 1882 A Resolution in 1882 set off the institution of local Third statement is correct. Subhash Chandra self-government in India. Bosepresided in Haripura (1938) and Tripuri Hunter Commission came in 1882 for the purpose (1939).However he resigned and Rajendra Prasad took of education over as president. Ilbert bill controversy (1883-84) Rendition of Mysore Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Appendices- 3 (Indian National Congress Annual Sessions) Appendices- 2 (Governors- General and Viceroy of India- Significant Event in their rule) Page no. 760 Page no. 754
9. Solution- a 7. Solution- a Second statement is incorrect. Extremists wanted Explanation- totake the movement outside Bengal but Moderates First statement is correct. Emergence oftrained opposed it. leadership in form of BalGangadharTilak, LalaLajpatrai Third statement is incorrect. DadabhaiNaoroji (whowas and AurbindoGhoshetc the moderate leader) was chosen as the president of Second statement is correct. Reactionarypolicies of 1906 INC session. Dadabhaielectrifiedthe national Curzon such as passing of Calcutta Corporation act, ranks by openly declaring in hispresidentialaddress universities act, official secrets act, partition of Bengal that the goal of Indian National movement was ‘Self- Government’ or Swaraj like that of the United Kingdom Third statement is correct. Recognition of true natureof or the colonies. British rule and their repressive policy: The Natubrothers were deported without trial and Tilak Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum and others, imprisoned on charges of sedition. Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Fourth statement is incorrect. The defeat of the Page no. 304 Italianarmy by Ethiopians (1896), the Boer wars (1899- 1902) where the British faced reverses and Japan’s victory over Russia (1905) demolished myths of European invincibility. Defeat of Russian empirein 10. Solution- B Crimean war was reason for rise of militantactivities during 1857 freedom struggle and not during the First statement is correct. Mahatama Gandhi Swadeshi Movement. wasassociated with congress and was alsothepresident of congress in 1924 (Belgaum). Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Second statement is incorrect. Sarojini Naidu was first Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Indian woman president of Indian National Congress and first woman who held the Presidentshipof INC was Page no. 287 Annie Besant. 8. Solution- c Third statement is correct. The Lucknow session was significant for the two reasons – Explanation- 1. Union ofCongress and Muslim League
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2. Union of moderates and extremists Page no. 322
The meeting atLucknow marked the reunion of the 13. Solution- d moderate andExtremists of the Congress after Tilak returned fromJail. Explanation-
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum KomagataMaru Incident - 1914
Appendices- 3 (Indian National Congress Annual Lucknow session of Congress - 1916 Sessions) Khilafat movement - 1919-24 Page no. 760 Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum 11. Solution- d Chapter 14 (First World War and Nationalist Response) First statement is correct. Most of the members of Page no. 328 partywere Punjabi Sikh peasants and ex-soldiers who were facing discrimination at the hands of British.
Second statement is correct. 14. Solution- c Ghadarmilitantsweresecular, egalitarian, democratic and non-chauvinistic. Explanation-
Third statement is correct. Some of its leaders First and Third statements are correct. During the wereBabaGurumukh Singh, Kartar Singh Saraba, 1916,Lucknow session of Congress Sohan Singh Bhakna, Rehmat Ali, BhaiParmanand and Mohammad Barkatullah Extremist were admitted to congress Lucknow Pact: Coming of Muslim League and Source- India’s struggle for independence- Bipin Congress and presentation of common demands to Chandra the government. Chapter- 12 (World War I and Indian Nationalism- The Second statement is incorrect. Home Rule League Ghadar) movement has already stated before the session. Page no. 146 Home Rule League of Tilak was started inearly 1916 (April) and Annie Besant started in
September 1916. 12. Solution- b The Lucknowsession of congress was relatedwith entry Explanation- to extremist in Congress and Pact between Congress First statement is incorrect. In 1914,GhadrMovement and Muslim League. was influenced by arrest of LalaHarDayal not Rash The congress session provided the Home Rule Behari Bose. Leaguers with the opportunity to showcase their Second statement is correct. Ghadar Movement strength. Tilak’s Home Rule League Established a wasalso influenced by KomagataMaru Incident as it tradition that became an essential part of later hurt the sentiments of overseas Indians. congress annual sessions – A special train ‘congress special’ was organised for delegates from western India Third statement is incorrect. BalGangadharTilakwas to Lucknow. ready to assume leadership of Home rule movement not Ghadar Movement after his release in June 1914. Arundale (Besant Home Rule League) askedevery leader of Home Rule League to get oneself elected as Fourth statement is correct. The Most delegate to the Lucknow Session. ImportantDevelopment that made the Ghadr Revolution imminent was the outbreak of World War I. Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Chapter 14 (First World War and Nationalist Response)
Chapter 13 (First Phase of Revolutionary Activities Page no. 333 1907-1917) 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 3 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
15. Solution- a Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British Explanation- India
First statement is correct. Tilak’s demands It introduced a system of communal representation for includedSwarajya, formation of linguistic states and Muslims by accepting the concept of ‘separate education in the vernacular. electorate’.
Second statement is correct. Under this, the Muslim members were to be elected SubramaniyaAiyarrenounced his knighthood in only by Muslim voters. Thus, the Act ‘legalised reaction to Annie Besant’s arrest during Home Rule communalism’ and Lord Minto came to be known as League movement in 1918. the Father of Communal Electorate.
Third statement is incorrect. The unity Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum betweenCongress and Muslim League was brought aboutby the Congress-League pact also known Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) asLucknow pact. Page no. 308 Fourth statement is incorrect. Many of the Muslimsandnon Brahmins from south didn’t join league as they felt home rule would mean rule of the Hindumajority, mainly the high caste. 18. Solution- b
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Explanation-
Chapter 14 (First World War and Nationalist Response) Moderates aimed at administrative and constitutional reforms. Page no. 330 Moderates wanted more Indians in the administration and not to an end of British rule. 16. Solution- a Most of the moderate leaders were loyal to British. Many of them held high ranks under the British Explanation- government. Moderates believed in constitutional means and First option is correct. worked within the framework of the law .Their The Lucknow Session 1916 (presided by methods including passing resolutions, AmbicaCharanMajumdar) was special in many persuasion, sending petitions and appeals. respects. Firstly, this session brought the moderates Moderates believed in cooperation and and extremists in Congress on common platform again reconciliation. after nearly a decade, particularly due to efforts of Moderates received their support from the Annie Besant. The Congress President in his address intelligentsia and urban middle class. Moderates said that “if the congress was buried at Surat, it is had a narrow social base. reborn in Lucknow in the garden of Wajid Ali Shah“. Moderate leaders had faith in the British sense of justice and fair play. Secondly, Congress and All India Muslim League Most of the moderate leaders were inspired by the signed the historic Lucknow Pact. ideas of western philosophers like Mill, Burke, Spencer and Bentham. Moderates imbibed western Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum ideas of liberalism, democracy, equity and freedom. Chapter 14 (First World War and Nationalist Response) Moderates Believed political connections with Page no. 334 Britain to be in India’s social, political and cultural interests. 17. Solution- c Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Explanation- Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Both the statements are correct. Page no. 302 The Indian Councils Act 1909, commonly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms (or as the Minto-Morley 19. Solution- d Reforms), was an Act of the Parliament of the United Explanation- 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 4 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
All the statements are correct. Appendices- Personalities Associated with specific Movements Self-confidence,self-reliance(atma Shakti) and self- respect increased amongyouth. Page no. 376
Increase in awareness because of education and 23. Solution- d increase in rate ofunemployment as there were no enough jobs for the educated Indians. Explanation-
Dissatisfaction with the achievements of moderates as All are correct statements movement was unable to petitions andmemorialswere not making any big make much headway in mobilizing the peasantry change. especially its lower strata and Muslimpeasantry. It was more of an urban movement and peasants were in Reaction to increasing westernisation rural areas.
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum The Swadeshi Movement lacked an effectiveorganization and party structure. Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Alsomoderatesand extremists had difference of opinion regarding extension of the movement outside of Page no. 302 Bengal.
20. Solution- d With not wide base and internal conflicts the movement declined and failed to achieve its target. Explanation- Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum SwadeshBandhabSamitiwas founded by Ashwini Kumar Dutta. It aimed to promote the consumption of Era of Militant nationalism (1905-1909) indigenous products and boycott foreign goods. Page no. 300 Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum
Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) 24. Solution- d Page no. 296 Explanation- 21. Solution- d All of the above are correct. Explanation- Boycott of Foreign goods included public burning of The AnushilanSamitiwas founded by PromothaMitter foreign cloth, boycottof foreign made salt and sugar. and including Jatindranath Banerjee, Barindra Kumar This is one of the several forms of struggle thrown by Ghosh and others. militant Nationalist.
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum National School andcolleges sprang up in various parts of country to impart education in vernacular Chapter- 13 (First Phase of Revolutionary Activities education. (1907-1917) Tilak’sGanapati festival and Shivaji festival became Page no. 316 medium of swadeshi propaganda 22. Solution- a Corps of Volunteers or“samitis” samiti such as the Explanation- SwadeshBandhabSamiti of Ashwini Kumar Dutta(in Barisal)emerged as a very popular and popular method First option is correct. ofmass mobilisation.
Gokhale, president of the Benaras session of the Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Indian National Congress, 1905, supported the Swadeshi Movement. Era of Militant nationalism (1905-1909)
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Page no. 295
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25. Solution- c inParis became a headquarters of sorts for thoseprotesting. Explanation- She moved in 1909 to Paris,where her home became a Third option is correct. headquarters for thoseagitating for Indian independence. She helped HarDayal launch his Proposed by Lord Lytton, then viceroy of India revolutionary paper BandeMataram, copies of which (governed 1876–80), the act was intended to prevent were smuggled intoIndia from London. the vernacular press from expressing criticism of British policies—notably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). 28. Solution- d
Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Foreigners who held the President-ship of INC sessions are- Appendices- 2 (Governors- General and Viceroy of India- Significant Event in their rule) George Yule (1888) Alfred Webb (1894) Page no. 754 Henry Cotton (1904) William Wedderburn (1910)
Annie Besant (1917) 26. Solution- c Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Explanation- Appendices- 3 (Indian National Congress Annual Third option is correct. Sessions)
Rashbehari Page no. 760
Bose and Sachin Sanyal staged a spectacular bomb attack on Viceroy Hardinge while he was making his 29. Solution- b official entry into the new capital in a procession through ChandniChowk in Delhi in December 1912. Explanation- Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Gagging Act was passed by Lord Canning, whowas the then Governor General, under whichrestrictions were Chapter- First Phase of Revolutionary Activities (1907- imposed on the newspapers andperiodicals. 1917) A permit was necessary for launchingany paper or Page no. 318 periodical and the Governmentobserved utmost discretion in granting such apermit. The ordinance was equally applied to theIndian and the Anglo-Indian 27. Solution- d papers.
Explanation- All the statements are correct. Thecensorship was limited for one year. Under thisact, the magistrate's action was final and no appealcould BhikajiCama, also knownas Madame Cama, was an be made to a court of law. Indian political activistand advocate for women's rights who had theunique distinction of unfurling the first This act furnishedthe Government with more effective version ofthe Indian national flag-a tricolour of green, means topunish and repress seditious writings saffron,and red stripes-at the International calculatedto cause disaffection with the Government SocialistCongress held at Stuttgart, Germany, in 1907. amongthe population
In the 1900s, MadamBhikajiCama relocated to Paris, Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum when rumoursspread that she would be deported from Londonfor nationalist activities. It was in Paris that Chapter 29 Development of Indian Press sheco-founded the Paris Indian Society. Page no. 628 Shetravelledthrough Europe mobilising support and givinglectures against British rule in India. Her house
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30. Solution- c SarvajanikSabha'. Later there emerged a competition betweenGokhale and Tilak for controlling the Explanation- PoonaSarvajanikSabha. The contest came to the surfacewhen in 1895 Tilak captured the organisation Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 andthe following year Gokhale starred his rivalorganisation, the Deccan Sabha. Ilbert Bill Controversy took place in 1883 Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India Vernacular Press Act was passed in 1878 Chapter 10 (Beginning of Modern Nationalism in India) United India Patriotic Association was formed in1888. Page no. 272 Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum
Chapter 10 (Beginning of Modern nationalism in India) 33. Solution- a
Explanation- 31. Solution- c BangabhashaPrakasikaSabha- 1836 Explanation- East India Association- 1866 The Zamindari Association, more popularly known as the 'Landholders' Society', was founded to safeguard Madras Mahajansabha- 1884 the interests of the landlords. Bombay Presidency Association- 1885 Although limited in its objectives, the Landholders' Society marked the beginning of an organized political Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India activity and use of methods of constitutional agitation for the redressal of grievances. Chapter 10 (Beginning of Modern Nationalism in India)
Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India Page no. 273
Chapter 10 (Beginning of Modern Nationalism in India)
Page no. 270 34. Solution- d
Explanation-
32. Solution- b Acts which played an important role for repression of Swadeshi Movement are following- Explanation- Seditious Meetings Act- 1907 First is correct. This was the importantSocio-political Criminal Law (Amendment) Act- 1908 organisation setup post 1857uprising. One of its Explosive Substances Act- 1908 important leaderswasMahadevGovindRanade. Indian Newspapers 9Incitement to offences) Act- 1908 Second is incorrect. The modern Indian Press Act- 1910 nationalistintelligentsia of Maharashtra supported thepeasants' cause. Already, in 1873-74, the Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India PoonaSarvajanikSabha, led by Justice Ranade, hadorganized a successful campaign among Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) thepeasants, as well as at Poona and Bombay againstthe land revenue settlement of 1867. Under Page no. 313 itsimpact, a large number of peasants had refused topay the enhanced revenue. This agitation hadgenerated a mentality of resistance among thepeasants which contributed to the rise of 35. Solution- c peasantprotest in 1875. Explanation- Third statement is correct. Gopal Krishna ChittaRanjan Das (Deshbandhu) (1870-1925)- Gokhaleserved as the Secretary of 'Poona 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 7 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
A great nationalist and famous jurist, he defended 38. Solution- c AurobindoGhose in the Alipore Conspiracy Case (1908) and was the defence counsel in the Dacca Explanation- Conspiracy Case. Kal was from Maharashtra He was the elected President of the Congress session held in Ahmedabad in 1921. Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India He was a founder of the Swarajya Party. He presided over the All-India Trade Union Chapter 13 First Phases of Revolutionary Activities Congress at Lahore in 1923 and at Ahmedabad in 1907-1917 1924. Page no. 319 Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India
Chapter 13 first Phase of Revolutionary Activities 1907-1917 39. Solution- c
Page no. 317 Explanation-
Third option is correct.
36. Solution- d At the end of his first term, the presidential election to the Tripuri Congress session took place early in 1939. Explanation- Netaji was re-elected, defeating Dr PattabhiSitaramayya who had been backed by the Fourth option is correct. Mahatma.
Ilbert Bill, in the history of India, a controversial Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India measure proposed in 1883 that sought to allow senior Indian magistrates to preside over cases involving Appendices British subjects in India. The bill, severely weakened by compromise, was enacted by the Indian Legislative Indian National Congress Annual Sessions Council on Jan. 25, 1884. The bitter controversy surrounding the measure deepened antagonism Page no. 760 between British and Indians and was a prelude to the formation of the Indian National Congress the following year. 40. Solution- c Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India Explanation- Chapter 11 (Indian National Congress- Foundation and The Karachi session was presided by Sardar Patel. the Moderate Phase) The congress adopted a resolution on Page no. 274 Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy which represented the Party’s Social, Economic and Political programme. It was later known as Karachi Resolution. 37. Solution- b Nehru had originally drafted it, but some Congress leaders thought it was too radical and it was Explanation- redrafted. MN Roy also played a role in drafting this Second option is incorrect. resolution, but Nehru himself later said that MN Roy had nothing to do with it. Gandhi and Shankarlal Banker were the publishers of Young India. In any case, the redrafted resolution made the Karachi Session memorable, because for the first Source- A Brief History of Modern India time, the resolution tried to define what would be the meaning of Swaraj for common people. Appendices- Newspapers and Journals Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India Page no. 779 Appendices
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Indian National Congress Annual Sessions “Saving of laws with respect to permanent residents and their rights. — Notwithstanding anything Page no. 760 contained in this Constitution, no existing law in force in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, and no law hereafter enacted by the Legislature of the State: 41. Solution- c (a) Defining the classes of persons who are, or shall be, permanent residents of the State of Jammu and Explanation- first statement is correct. Hague Kashmir; or Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is a multi-national treaty that seeks to (b) Conferring on such permanent residents any protect children wrongfully removed by one of the special rights and privileges or imposing upon other parents from the custody of the other parent. persons any restrictions as respects—
Second statement is incorrect because still Indian (i) Employment under the State Government; government is not yet ready to sign the Hague Convention. (ii) Acquisition of immovable property in the State;
Third statement is also incorrect because the (iii) Settlement in the State; or convention applies only to children under the age of 16. (iv) Right to scholarships and such other forms of aid as the State Government may provide, 42. Solution- d Shall be void on the ground that it is inconsistent with Explanation- Fourth option is correct. or takes away or abridges any rights conferred on the other citizens of India by any provision of this part” The scheme was launched by Department of Pharmaceuticalsto provide quality medicines at First statement is correct as Article 35A was affordable prices to masses through special kendra’s incorporated into the Constitution in 1954 by a known as PMBJP. These special kendras provide Presidential order issued under Article 370 (1) (d) of generic drugs, which are available at lesser prices but the Constitution. are equivalent in quality and efficacy as expensive branded drugs. Third statement is correct as it is mentioned in the explanation in the text of article. Objectives
Making quality medicines available at affordable prices for all, particularly the poor 44. Solution- b and disadvantaged, through exclusive outlets Jan Aushadhi Medical Store Explanation- First statement is incorrect. Under the Reduce out of pocket expenses in healthcare provision of Section 92 of the Jammu and Kashmir by bringing down healthcare budget of every constitution, governor's rule can be imposed for six citizen through providing Quality generic months, but only after the consent of the President of Medicines at Affordable Prices India.
Source- Second statement is correct. If it is not possible to restore the Constitutional machinery before the expiry PIB- 4thJuly, 2018 of this six month period, the provision of Article 356 of the Constitution is extended and the President's rule is imposed in the State.
43. Solution- c The government of India can declare emergency in Jammu and Kashmir and impose governor's rule Explanation- First and Third statements are correct. under certain conditions. Matters related to defence, foreign relations, communication and finance of Second statement is incorrect because it is only a Jammu and Kashmir are under jurisdiction of the clarificatory provision and itself does not confer any Constitution of India. special power. Source- The text of Article 35A is given below.
53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 9 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other- FEE's Blue Flag criteria include standards for water states/governors-rule-imposed-in- quality, safety, environmental education and jk/article24206856.ece information, the provision of services and general environmental management criteria.
The Blue Flag is sought for beaches, marinas and 45. Solution- b sustainable boating tourism operators as an indication of their high environmental and quality standards. Explanation- First statement is incorrect. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a The Chandrabhaga beach on the Konark coast of permanent intergovernmental international Odisha will be the first in Asia to get the Blue Flag organisation, the creation of which was announced on certification—the tag given to environment -friendly 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China) by the Republic of and clean beaches, equipped with amenities of Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, the Kyrgyz international standards for tourists. Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan. It was 49. Solution- a preceded by the Shanghai Five mechanism. Explanation- The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter was signed during the St.Petersburg SCO Heads of State Committee on Restructuring the Central Water meeting in June 2002, and entered into force on 19 Commission and the Central Ground Water Board September 2003. It calls for a user- centric approach to water management, especially in agriculture It advocates decentralisation of irrigation 46. Solution- d commands, offering higher financial flows to well- performing States through a National Irrigation Explanation- All the pairs are correctly matched. Management Fun.
Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary is a proposed tiger reserve located in the Nuapada district of Odisha. 50. Solution- b The Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary, established in 1989, is rich in flora and fauna. It is situated in the Lohit Explanation- The Thai Canal, also known as Kra Canal District of the north- eastern Indian state of Arunachal or Kra Isthmus Canal, refers to proposals for a canal Pradesh. The park is named after the KamlangRiver that would connect the Gulf of Thailand with the which flows through it. Andaman Sea across southern Thailand
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) has recognized Bhoramdeo Wildlife Sanctuary in the state of Chhattisgarh as a Tiger Reserve in 2017.
47. Solution- d
Explanation-
KATRIN is a German acronym (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment) for an undertaking to measure the mass of the electron antineutrino with sub-eV precision by examining the spectrum of electrons emitted from the beta decay of tritium
48. Solution- c
Explanation- 51 . Answer : a
The Blue Flag is a certification by the Foundation for Explanation Environmental Education (FEE) that a beach, marina or sustainable boating tourism operator meets its Statement 1 is Not correct :The Regulating Act of 1773 made it stringent standards. compulsory to renew the Company’s Charter after twenty years NOT thirty years.
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The Charter Act of 1813 NOT 1833 Act ( Hence statement 2 is Answer : b NOT Correct) provided one lakh of rupees annually for the promotion of Indian education. It also extended the Company’s Explanation charter for another twenty years. Statement 1 is NOT Correct :After the abolition of the Dual The Charter Act of 1833 was a significant constitutional System, the responsibility of collecting the revenue fell on the instrument defining the scope and authority of the East India shoulders of the Company. For that purpose, a Board of Revenue Company. Following were the important provisions: was established by Warren Hastings at Calcutta to supervise the collection of revenue. (i) The English East India Company ceased to be a commercial agency in India. In other words, it would function hereafter as the Statement 2 is Correct : Treaty of Salbai was signed between political agent for the Crown. Warren Hastings and MahadajiScindia. Accordingly, Salsette and Basseinwere given to the British. RaghunathRaowas pensioned off (ii) The Governor-General of Fort William was hereafter called and MadhavRao II was accepted as the Peshwa. The Treaty of ‘the Governor- General of India’. Thus, Bentinck was the first Salbai established the British influence in Indian politics. It Governor-General of India’ (Hence statement 3 is correct) . provided the British twenty years of peace with the Marathas. The Treaty also enabled the British to exert pressure on Mysore with (iii) A Law Member was appointed to the Governor-General’s the help of the Marathas in recovering their territories from Haider Council. T. B. Macaulay was the first Law Member of the Ali. GovernorGeneral-in-Council. Source : Class XII ,Tamil Nadu History Book . (iv) The Act categorically stated ‘that no native of India, nor any natural born subject of His Majesty, should be disabled from Question 55 holding any place, office, or employment, by reason of his religion, place of birth, descent or colour”. Answer : c
Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , Chapter 5 Explanation
Question 52 :Answer : a Statement 1 is Correct : The immediate effect of the establishment of subsidiary forces was the introduction of anarchy Explanation because of the unemployment of thousands of soldiers sent away by the Indian princes Statement 1Correct : The Treaty of Mangalore (1784) exhibited the military strength of Mysore, exposed English weaknesses and Statement 2 is also Correct : Hyderabad was the first state which increased Tipu’s strength. was brought under Wellesley’s Subsidiary System in 1798. The treaty concluded in 1798 was an ad hoc measure. Statement is NOT Correct : In criminal cases, Muslim law was improved and followed. In civil cases, Hindu and Muslim laws Statement 3 is NOT correct : The predecessors of Wellesley were followed according to the religion of the litigants. concluded alliances with Indian princes like the Nawab of Oudh and the Nizam of Hyderabad. They received subsidies from the Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , Lesson 2 Indian rulers for the maintenance of British troops, which were used for the protection of respective Indian states. Wellesley 53. Answer : c enlarged and consolidated the already existing system. However, his originality was revealed in its application. Explanation Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , Lesson 2 Statement 1 is NOTCorrect :Robert Clive was the first Governor of Fort William under the Company’s rule. He was succeeded by 56 . Answer : c Verelst and Cartier. In 1772, the Company appointed Warren Hastings as the Governor of Fort William. Explanation Statement is Correct :Rohilla War(1774) took place during the administration of Warren Hastings. Statement 1 is Correct : The most commendable measure which William Bentinck undertook and which contributed to the material Statement 3 Not Correct : As per Regulating Act 1773 The term welfare of the people was the suppression of the ‘thugs’. of office of the members of the Court of Directors was extended Statement 2 is Correct : The introduction of English Education from one year to four years. One-fourth of them were to retire was a significant event of Lord William Bentinck’s administration. every year and the retiring Directors were not eligible for re- He appointed a committee headed by Lord Macaulay to make election. recommendations for the promotion of education.
Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , Lesson 1 Statement 3 is NOT Correct : Lord Dalhousie created a separate Public Works Department and allotted more funds for cutting Question 54 canals and roads 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 11 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
Explanation - After the defeat at plassey, sirajuddaulahwas assassinated and Mirjafar made the nawab. The company was still Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , Page , 61, 51, unwilling to take over the responsibility of administration. Its Question 57 : prime objective was the expansion of trade
Answer : b · In 1795, Mughal emperor appointed the company as Diwan of the provinces of Bengal. The Diwani allowed the company to use Explanation the vast revenue resource of Bengal.
Statement 1 is NOT Correct :JyotiraoPhule in Western India and · The outflow of gold from Britain slowed after the Battle of ShriNarayana Guru in Kerala respectively established the plassey, and entirely stopped after the assumption of Diwani. SatyaSadhakSamaj and the ShriNarayana Dharma PartipalanaYogam to include self-esteem among the downtrodden. Source : Class 8 - Book Name- Our Pasts III (Part-I) - Pg. No. 14
Statement 2 correct :There are many historical evidences to Question 61 suggest that widow remarriage enjoyed social sanction during ancient period in India. In course of time the practice ceased to Answer : d prevail increasing the number of widows to lakhs during the 19th century Explanation : AryaSamaj was founded in the year 1875 by Swami Statement 3 is NOT correct :Mahatma Gandhi made the DayanandaSaraswathi. removal of untouchability a part of his constructive programme. He LalaLajpatRai was one of the members of AryaSamaj brought out a paper, The Harijan, and also organised the and supported the appeal of AryaSamaj to the authority HarijanSevakSangh. of Vedas in support of the social reform programmes. By elimination , the answer can be concluded as d Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , Lesson 8 Source : Spectrum , Chapter : Relegious and Social Reforms Question 58 Question 62 Answer: c Answer: (a) Explanation Explanation Statement 1 is NOT Correct :The contemporary British scholars were divided into two groups on the issue of development of Under Lord Hastings (Governor General from 1813 to 1823) a new education in India. One group, called the Orientalists, advocated policy of paramountcy was initiated. Now the company claimed the promotion of oriental subjects through Indian languages. that its authority was paramount or supreme. Hence its power was greater than that of Indian states. In order to protect its interests it Statement 2 is NOT Correct :The other group, called was justified in annexing or threatening to annex any Indian theAnglicists, argued the cause of western sciences and literature Kingdom. This view continued to guide later British Polices as in the medium of English language. well.
Source : Tamil Nadu History Book . Class 12 , page 77 Source : Class 8 - Book Name- Our Pasts III (Part-I) - Pg. No. 18
Question 59: Answer : b
Explanation : Question 63 : The system in which Land allotted to a big landlord was called Jagirdari System, (jagirdar = landlord). Answer : a The system in which land allotted to revenue farmers of rent collectors (Zamindars) was Zamindari System. Source :Spectrum , Chapter : Some Aspects of British Rule The land allotted to each peasant with the right to sublet, Question 64: mortgage transfer, girt or sell was called as Ryotwari System, as individual farmer had the owning rights. Answer : a (Mahal = Village) If revenue settlement was made at village level, then it was called as Mahalwari System. Explanation :Indian Councils Act, 1861 passed during Lord Cannings Viceroyality has strengthened the Viceroy’s authority Source :Bipin Chandra , Class XII NCERT chapter 3 over his executive Council by substituting ‘portfolio’ or departmental system for corporate functioning. Question 60 : Source :I ndian Polity , Laxmikant Answer: (b) - 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 12 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
Question 65 : Answer : c The extortionist land revenue policy of the company affected the peasants and the zamindars alike. A source Explanation :Introduction of railways resulted in some social of much consternation for the common people was the benefits to the people of India but not economic benefits. However, rise in prices of salt due to taxes imposed on it by the the social benefits, which the Indian people gained owing to the new government. introduction of the railways, were outweighed by the country’s The company also abolished the system of cowrie huge economic loss.Source: CHAPTER 1: INDIAN ECONOMY currency that had existed in Odisha prior to its conquest ON THE EVE OF INDEPENDENCE, Indian Economic and required that taxes be paid in silver. This caused Development, Class XI NCERT much popular hardship and discontent. In 1804 the Raja of Khurda planned a rebellion against the British in Question 66 Answer: c alliance with the Paiks, but the plot was soon discovered and the Raja's territory confiscated. Explanation:
The ‘Hindu Widow Remarriage Act’ was enacted in 1856 by Lord Question 68 Dalhousie. The law was enacted in response to the campaign of Ishwar Chand VidyaSagar . The law legalized the re-marriage of Answer: b Hindu widows as well as gave them the right to inherit their deceased husband’s property. Explanation:
Source: Class XII NCERT- Modern History- Social & Cultural It was founded by Raja Rammohun Roy. The foundation of Awakening in the First half of 19th Century AtmiyaSabha in 1815 is considered as the beginning of the modern age in Kolkata. The main activity of the Sabha was conducting Question 67 : Answer : a discussion and debate sessions on monotheistic Hindu Vedantism . Explanation They used to conduct debate and discussion sessions on philosophical topics, and also used to promote free and collective The Paik Rebellion, also called the PaikaBidroha, was an thinking and social reform. It was attended by very few Bengali armed rebellion against the British East India Company's intellectuals. rule in Odisha in 1817. The Paikas rose in rebellion under their leader AtmiyaSabha BakshiJagabandhu and, projecting Jagannath as the symbol of Odia unity, the rebellion quickly spread across · A philosophical discussion circle in India. most of Odisha before being ruthlessly put down by the company's forces. · The association was started by Ram Mohan Roy in 1815 in The Paikas were the traditional militia of Odisha. They Kolkata served as warriors and were charged with policing functions during peacetime. · They used to conduct debate and discussion sessions on The Paikas were organised into three ranks distinguished philosophical topics, and also used to promote free and collective by their occupation and the weapons they wielded. These thinking and social reform. were the Paharis, the bearers of shields and the khanda · Its foundation is considered as the beginning of the modern age in sword, the Banuas who led distant expeditions and used Kolkata. matchlocks and the Dhenkiyas - archers who also performed different duties in Odisha armies. · In 1823, the association became defunct. With the conquest of Odisha by the East India Company in 1803 and the dethronement of the Raja of Khurda Source: NCERT 12 th - Modern History- Social & Cultural began the fall of the power and prestige of the Paikas. Awakening in the First half of 19th Century
Causes of Rebellion: Question 69 :
The Paika rebellion had several social, economic and Answer: a political reasons. The Paikswere alienated by the British regime, who took over the hereditary rent-free lands Explanation: granted to them after the conquest of Khurda. They were also subjected to extortion and oppression at There is no such charter of 1857. The given provisions are of the hands of the company government and its servants. Regulating Act 1773 Had conciliatory measures been adopted towards the Source: Tamil Nadu , Class XII , Lesson 1 Paiks from the beginning, it is possible that they would have become a source of strength to the company rule in
Odisha. Question 70 :Answer: a 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 13 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
Explanation · First Carnatic War (1744-48)
Vellore Mutiny · Second Carnatic War (1749-54)
The Vellore mutiny on 10 July 1806 was the first · Third Carnatic War 1757-63 instance of a large-scale and violent mutiny by Indian sepoys against the East India Company, predating the Source: NCERT 12 th Modern History- European Penetration & Indian Rebellion of 1857 by half a century. British Conquest of India The revolt, which took place in the South Indian city of Question 73 :Answer : c Vellore, was brief, lasting only one full day, but brutal as mutineers seized the Vellore Fort and killed or wounded Explanation 200 British troops. The mutiny was subdued by cavalry and artillery from Arcot. Land Revenue Systems in British India : Three major systems of Summary executions of about 100 mutineers took place land revenue collection existed in India. They were – Zaminidari during the suppression of the outbreak, followed by the ,Ryotwari and Mahalwari . formal court-martial of smaller numbers. The immediate causes of the mutiny revolved mainly Zamindari System around resentment felt towards changes in the sepoy dress code, introduced in November 1805. Hindus were • Zamindari System was introduced by Cornwallis in 1793 through prohibited from wearing religious marks on their Permanent Settlement Act. foreheads and Muslims were required to shave their beards and trim their moustaches. • It was introduced in provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi. These changes, intended to improve the "soldierly appearance" of the men, created strong resentment • Also known as Permanent Settlement System. among the Indian soldiers. In addition to the military grievances listed above, the rebellion was also instigated • Zamindarswere recognized as owner of the lands. Zamindarswere by the sons of the defeated Tipu Sultan, confined at given the rights to collect the rent Vellore since 1799. from the peasants. Source :Tamila Nadu Class XII , Lesson 10 • The realized amount would be divided into 11 parts. 1/11 of the Question 71 Answer : c share belongs to Zamindars and
Explanation 10/11 of the share belongs to East India Company.
The office of Viceroy was established by the Government of India Ryotwari System Act of 1858, but the office of Governor General was not abolished. Lord Canning served as Governor General of India from 1856 to • Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820. 1862. During his tenure, the Government of India Act, 1858 was passed which created the office of Viceroy to be held by the same • Major areas of introduction include Madras, Bombay, parts of person who was Governor General of India. Thus, Lord Canning Assam and Coorgh provinces of British also served as first Viceroy. India. Source : Tamil Nadu Class XII ,lesson 19 • In Ryotwari System the ownership rights were handed over to the Question 72 :Answer: B peasants. British Government
Explanation: The Carnatic wars were fought between French and collected taxes directly from the peasants. British for supremacy in India, with some Indian rulers joining either side. • The revenue rates of Ryotwari System were 50% where the lands were dry and 60% in irrigated land. These wars resulted in establishment of political supremacy of British East India Company. The Frenchcompanywas reduced in Mahalwari System the areas around Pondicherry only. Commercial and maritime • Mahalwari system was introduced in 1833 during the period of rivalry between France and England was the primary reason behind William Bentick. these wars. The entire south India was divided into minor Rajas, Nawabs and petty chieftains who fought with each other for • It was introduced in Central Province, North-West Frontier, Agra, supremacy. British and French took opposite sides to support these Punjab, Gangetic Valley, etc of rivals and increase their own dominance. British India. In all there were three Carnatic wars. 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 14 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
• The Mahalwari system had many provisions of both the Sin) was also launched with the efforts of B.M. Malabari to fight Zamindari System and Ryotwari System. against child marriage. In 1846, the minimum marriageable age for a girl was only 10 years.Source : Tamil Nadu Class XII , History • In this system, the land was divided into Mahals . Each Mahal , Lesson 8 comprises one or more villages. Question 76 : • Ownership rights were vested with the peasants. Answer : a • The villages committee was held responsible for collection of the taxes. Explanation
Source: NCERT 12th Modern history- Economic Policies and the During the 1920s in South India, the non-brahmins Structure Government of British in organized the Self- Respect Movement led by E.V. RamaswamyNaicker. There were numerous other movements demanding lifting of ban on entry of lower India (1757-1857) castes into temples; for instance Sri Narayana Guru in Kerala led a lifelong struggle against upper caste Question 74 :Answer: d domination. He coined the slogan “one religion, one caste, one God, for mankind”, which his disciple Explanation SahadaranAyyapan changed into “no religion, no caste, no God for mankind”. (Hence statement A is incorrect. Key Events of Raja Rammohun Roy’s life: It Is the answer as question is asking not correct statement ) In 1815, he established the AtmiyaSabha, a precursor in the socio- As a reformist ideologue, Roy believed in the modern religious reforms in Bengal. In 1817, he founded Mahapathshala scientific approach and principles of human dignity and (Hindu College) at Kolkata along with Radhakanta Deb and others. social equality. He put his faith in monotheism. He wrote It was renamed as Presidency College in 1855 and was upgraded as Gift to Monotheists (1809) and translated into Bengali the Vedas and the five Upanishads to prove his full university recently in 2010. conviction that ancient Hindu texts support monotheism. In 1814, he set up AtmiyaSabha in Calcutta to campaign In 1821, He launched a Bengali weekly newspaper against idolatry, caste rigidities, meaningless rituals and SambadKaumudi. SambadKaumudi was first Indian newspaper other social ills. (Hence statement B is correct.) edited, published and managed by Indians. Strongly influenced by rationalist ideas, he declared that the Vedanta is based on reason and that, if reason In this newspaper, he wrote on subjects such as freedom of press, demanded it, even a departure from the scriptures is induction of Indians into higher services and separation of judiciary justified. He said the principles of rationalism applied to with executive. other sects also, particularly to the elements of blind faith in them. In Precepts of Jesus (1820), he tried to separate In 1822, he published a Persian newsmagazine titled Mirat-ul- the moral and philosophical message of the New Testament, which he praised, from its miracle stories. He Akbar. His other Persian works include Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin earned the wrath of missionaries over his advocacy to (Gift to Monotheists) and ManazarutulAdyan {a discussion in incorporate the message of Christ in Hinduism. Persian on various religions} He translated some parts of Vedanta Roy’s progressive ideas met with;strong opposition from texts and also the Kena Upanishad. orthodox elements like Raja Radhakant Deb who organized the Dharma Sabha to counter BrahmoSamaj In 1828, he launched BrahmoSabha with Devendranath Tagore. By propaganda. Roy’s death in 1833 was a setback for the 1828, he had become a well known figure in India. Samaj’s. mission. (Hence statement c is correct.)
In 1830, he had gone to England as an envoy of the Mughal Source : Spectrum Page no. 28 ,32 Emperor, Akbar Shah II, who invested him with the title of Raja to the court of King William IV. Question 77 :
Answer ; b He was expected to represent to the British sovereign the inadequacy of the pension granted to the Mughal emperor. He was Explanation well received in various circles in England, where he stayed for ParamahansaMandali was a secret socio-religious group three years and died of meningitis there on September 27, 1833. in Bombay and is closely related to Manav Dharma Sabha which was found in 1844 in Surat. Source: NCERT 12th Modern history- Economic Policies and the It was started Structure Government of British in India (1757-1857) byMehtajiDurgaram, DadobaPandurang and a group of his friends. Question 75: Answer: d DadobaPandurang assumed leadership of this organisation after he left Manav Dharma Sabha. He Explanation The practice of child marriage was another social outlined his principles in Dharma Vivechan in 1848 for Manav Dharma Sabha and stigma for the women. In November 1870, the Indian Reforms “ParamhansikBramhyadharma” for Association was started with the efforts of Keshav Chandra Sen. A ParamahansaMandali. journal called MahapapBalVivah (Child marriage: The Cardinal 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 15 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
It was the first socio-religious organization of DadabhaiNaoroji put forward his theory of ‘Drain of Wealth’ in his Maharashtra. Founded in 1849 Maharashtra, the founders book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’. of these mandli believed in one god. (Hence statement 1 is incorrect.) Source: NCERT- Modern India - Economic Policies and the They were primarily interested in breaking caste rules. At Structure Government of British in India (1757-1857) their meetings food cooked by lower caste people was taken by the members. These mandali also advocated Question 80 women’s education and widow remarriage. (Hence statement is correct.) Answer: d
Source: Spectrum Explanation:
Question 78 :Answer : b Permanent Settlement
Explanation After failing of traditional settlements, in 1793 – lord Cornwallis – introduced permanent settlement – in Battle of Plassey Bengal and Bihar Permanent settlement – fixing of land revenue at a · The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of permanent amount the British East India Company over the John shore - the man who planned the Permanent Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 Settlement June 1757 . · In reality it was a conspiracy against Nawab by Ryotwari Settlement enemies to fulfil their selfish motives · The battle consolidated the Company's Introduced by Thomas Munero , governor of madras, presence in Bengal, which later expanded to madras presidency in 1820 cover much of India over the next hundred 1825 – introduced in Bombay presidency years. 1792-99 - Alexander Reed carried out early experiments · The battle took place at Plassey on the banks of related to ryotwari system In Baramahal region the Bhagirathi River Thomas Munero was subordinate to him 1817 – introduced in Coimbatore, Arcot and Battle of Buxar NalloreMahalwari System Introduced by Holt Mackenzie in British India. · The Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October 1764 between the forces under the command of Mahalwari System the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined army of Mir Qasim , The word Mahalwari is derived from the Hindi word the Nawab of Bengal; the Nawab of Awadh ; Mahal , which means house, district, neighbourhood or and the Mughal King Shah Alam II. quarter · The battle fought at Buxar, a "small fortified It consisted of landlords or Zamindars claiming to town" within the territory of Bengal, located on represent entire villages or even groups of villages. the bank of the Ganges river was a decisive Along with the village communities, the landlords were victory for the British East India Company. jointly responsible for the payment of the revenues.But, individual responsibility was always there. Anglo-Mysore war The land included under this system consisted of all land The First Anglo–Mysore War (1767–1769) was a of the villages, even the forestland, pastures etc. conflict in India between the Sultanate of Mysore and the This system was prevalent in the parts of Uttar Pradesh, East India Company. the North Western province, parts of Central India and The war was instigated in part by the machinations of Punjab AsafJah II, the Nizam of Hyderabad, who sought to Source : NCERT- Modern India - Economic Policies and the divert the company's resources from attempts to gain Structure Government of British in India (1757-1857) control of the Northern Circars . Question 81 :Answer : (c) Source: 12 th NCERT Modern India Explanation Question 79 : Lord Ripon (hence statement 1 is incorrect) wanted to remove two Answer: a kinds of law that had been prevalent in India. According to the system of law, a European could be tried only by a European Judge Explanation: or a European Magistrate.
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The disqualification was unjust and it was sought to cast a needless 1. The Lex Loci Act gave the Christian converts the right to inherit discredit and dishonor upon the Indian-born members of the their ancestral properties. The act, the Hindus widely believed, judiciary. C.P. Ilbert, Law Member, introduced a bill in 1883 to would open floodgates to Christian conversion. abolish this discrimination in judiciary. But Europeans opposed 2. Vernacular Press Act 1878 ,was directed against vernacular this Bill strongly. newspapers They even raised a fund of one lakh fifty thousand rupees and 3. Ilbert Bill Proposed to give Indian district magistrates and established an organization called the Defence Association. They sessions judges the power to try European offenders . also suggested that it was better to end the English rule in India Source :Plassey to Partition by Sekharbandopadhyaya : Page 209 than to allow the English to be subjected to the Indian Judges and Magistrates. The press in England joined the issue. Hence, Ripon amended the bill to satisfy the English in India and England. So it Question 85 :Answer : a was withdrawn but was reintroduced and enacted in 1884 in a severely compromised state. Explanation :Statement 1 is correct : Complete destruction of traditional handicraft industry as Indian Artisans and The amended bill had the provisions that the Europeans would be handicraftsmen lost the patronage by Princes and Nobility . conferred on European and Indian District Magistrates and Sessions Judges alike. However, a defendant would in all cases Statement 2 is Correct : Heavy taxation under new revenue have the right to claim trial by a jury of which at least half the members must be European. (Hence, statement 3 is incorrect). As settlements was also one of economic causes for revolt of 1857. it was the amended bill and not the original bill which provided for Statement 3 is correct :Brirtish imposed a policy of one way free the provision). Thus, this enactment held that Europeans criminals trade on india after 1813 would be heard only by the Indian Judges “helped by the European Judges”. Statement 4 is NOT correct : Issue of new gunpowder cartridges The Ilbert Bill controversy helped the cause of Indian nationalism. for the Enfield rifle in 1857 is relegious cause The Ilbert Bill Controversy is a high watermark in the history of Indian National Movement. Ripon was totally disillusioned and Source : Spectrum's Modern India : Page 5,274 heartbroken and he tendered his resignation and left for England. The immediate result of this awakening of India was the birth of Question 86 :Answer : c the Indian National Congress in 1885, the very next year of Ripon’s departure. Explanation Bharat Dharma Mahamandala: An all India Source: Tamil Nadu class 12 text book ; Lesson 12 Organisation of the orthodox educated Hindus . It stood for a defence of Orthodox Hinduism against teachings of Aryasamajist ,thetheosophist,and the RamKrishna Question 82 :Answer : b Mission. DeobandSchool : It was organised by orthodox section Explanation among muslimulema as a revivalist movement. SevaSadan : It was founded by a Parsi Reformer It was started by E.V. Ramaswamy (popularky known as Periyar) BehramjiMalabari in 1885. The Organised specialised in in Tamil Nadu. taking care of those women who were exploited and then Source : Spectrum , Chapter : Socio Religious Reforms discarded by society. Thus option (c) Source : Spectrum's Modern India : Page 42,43,48 Question 83 : Answer : A Question 87 : Statement 1 is NOT correct :Mughal Emperor Jahangir was the first to grant the English the exclusive rights to reside and establish Answer: (d) factories in Surat and other areas Explanation The following kingdoms were annexed by Doctrine Statement 1 is NOT correct : The Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam, of Lapse granted ‘Diwani’ to the Company after its victory in the Battle of 1. Satara in 1848 2. Sambalpur in 1850 3. Udaipur in 1852 Buxar (1764). 4. Nagpur in 1853 5. Jhansi in 1854 Hence option c Source : Class 8 - Book Name- Our Pasts III (Part-I) - Pg. No. 19 Source :NCERT.- Modern India – European penetration and British Conquest of India , Page 38 Question 88 Answer : b Question 84 :Answer : (c) Question 89 :
Answer: (b) Explanation Explanation
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By the early eighteenth century, worried by the popularity of Under this scheme, IoEs will have freedom to choose Indian textiles wool, silk makers in England began protesting against the import of Indian cotton textiles. their own path to become world class institutions. Institutions shall be selected as IoEs by the Empowered In 1720, the British government enacted a legislation banning the use of printed cotton textiles. This act is known as calico act. At Expert Committee (EEC), constituted for this purpose. this time textile industries had just began to develop in England. The EEC shall conduct their appraisal based on their 15 They were unable to compete with Indian textiles. English years strategic vision plan and 5 years implementation producers wanted a secure market within the country by preventing the entry of Indian textiles. plan as well as any other measure of demonstrated commitment to the cause of developing an IoE. Source :Class 8 - Book Name- Our Pasts III (Part-II) - Pg. No. 83
Question 90 :Answer : b Question 94 : Explanation : Answer : d Statement 1: Dayanand launched a frontal attack on Hindu Orthodoxy ,casterigidities,untouchabilty, idolatry Explantion ,polytheism,beleif in magic ,charms and animal sacrifices,taboo on sea voyagesetc. Statement 2 ICECUBE is a particle detector at the South Pole that &3 :Dayanad's Vision of India included a casteless and records the interactions of a nearly massless subatomic classless society . particle called the neutrino. IceCube searches for Statement 4 : In the zeal of Protecting the hindu Society neutrinos from the most violent astrophysical sources: from the Onslaught of Christianity and Islam, Araya events like exploding stars, gamma-ray bursts, and samaj started Shudhhi movement. cataclysmic phenomena involving black holes and Hence option (b) neutron stars. The IceCube telescope is a powerful tool to Source : Spectrum's Modern India : Page 40 search for dark matter and could reveal the physical processes associated with the enigmatic origin of the Question 91 : highest energy particles in nature BooNE: The primary goal of this experiment at the Answer : a FermiLab in USA is to test for neutrino mass by searching for neutrino oscillations Explantion MINOS:(Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search): 18t Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit adopted the The MINOS Experiment is a long-baseline neutrino Qingdao declaration. India refused to endorse China’s ambitious experiment designed to observe the phenomena of One Belt, One Road (OBOR) project as part of Qingdao neutrino oscillations, an effect which is related to Declaration. neutrino mass
Question 95 : Question 92 : Answer : d Answer : d
Question 93 : Answer: d. Question 96 : Answer : a Explanation Explanation
The National Institute for Transforming India (NITI) The aim of the scheme is to bring higher educational Aayog has developed the Composite Water Management institutions (both public and private) selected as IoEs in Index (CWMI) to enable effective water management in Indian states in the face of this growing crisis. top 500 of world ranking in the next 10 years and in top The Index and this associated report are expected to: 100 eventually overtime. The scheme has been launched Establish a clear baseline and benchmark for state-level with an objective to provide world class teaching and performance on key water indicators Uncover and explain how states have progressed on research facilities to Indian students within the country water issues over time,includingidentifying high- and enhance general level of education of the country. performers and under-performers, thereby inculcating a Each public institution selected as ‘Institution of culture of constructive competition among states Identify areas for deeper engagement and investment on Eminence’ will get financial assistance up to Rs. 1000 the part of the states. Eventually, NITI Aayog plans to Crore over the period of five years under this scheme. develop the index into a composite, national-level data management platform for all water resources in India 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 18 MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER
Gujarat is the highest performer, closely followed by other High performers such as Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.
Question 97 : Answer : a
Explanation
Sampark portal
A digital platform to connect five lakh job seekers with recruiters It will be useful in creating a skill pool of workers and connecting trained youth with job opportunities It is under the Ministry of MSME. It will act as a bridge between the talent pool and those enterprises seeking trained man power
Question 98 :
Answer : a
Question 99 :
Answer : (c)
Explanation
The idea of a ‘bad bank’ is not new. Chief Economic Adviser Arvind Subramanian had suggested the creation of a Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency (PARA) to deal with what he described as India’s “festering twin balance sheet problem”. By this he meant over-leveraged corporates unable to service debt or invest afresh, and banks hit by non-performing assets (NPAs) cagey about fresh lending. This overhang hurts new investments and continues to dent India’s medium-term growth and job creation prospects. A professionally-run PARA, or the so-called ‘bad bank’, could assume custody of the largest and most difficult-to-resolve NPAs from lenders’ balance sheets. This would allow banks to focus on extending fresh credit and supporting the pick-up in growth. More importantly, a bad bank taking tough decisions on borrowers-gone-bad, it was argued, could free bankers from the risks entailed in large loan write-downs.
Question 100 :
Answer : b
Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS)
RATS is headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan It is a permanent organ of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) It serves to promote cooperation of member states against the three evils of terrorism, separatism and extremism. The Head of RATS is elected to a three-year term. Each member state also sends a permanent representative to RATS.
53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 19