DOCSLIB.ORG

Prelims Test Series: 2020 Test 01 Answer

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

MALUKA IAS PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER 1. Solution- c Both the statements are correct. Explanation- Both the statements are correct. First statement is correct as LokmanyaTilak took the The Indian National Congress is a broad-based movements to different parts of the world especially political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was Poona and Bombay. the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. Second statement is correct because at the 7th August meeting, the Boycott resolution was passed. From the late 19th-century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement, with over 15 million Chapter- 12 members and over 70 million participants. The Congress led India to independence from Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1918) Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Page no. 291 Empire. Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India 4. Solution- c Chapter- 11 Explanation- Indian National Congress- Foundation and the Moderate Phase First statement is incorrect. The official reason given for the decision was that Bengal with a population of Page no. 274 78 million had become too big to administer. Second statement is correct. Swadeshi Movement wasalso known as Vandematram Movement in deltaic 2. Solution- a Andhra. Explanation- First option is correct. Third statement is incorrect. It was decided toannul the partition of Bengal in 1911 mainly to curb the In 1906, the session at Calcutta was presided by Dada menace of revolutionary terrorism. BhaiNaoroji. In this session, the congress was compelled by the extremists to adopt following Source- India’s struggle for independence- Bipin resolutions which were accepted by the moderates with Chandra half heart. These were as follows: Chapter 10 (The swadeshi movement 1903-1908) Resolution on Partition of Bengal Resolution of Self Government (Swaraj) Page no. 124 Resolution on Swadeshi Resolution on Boycott 5. Solution- a Thus in Calcutta session of 1906, under the leadership of DadabhaiNaoroji, Congress adopted Swaraj as the Explanation- Goal of Indian people. Extremist Leaders- BalGangadharTilak, Source- Spectrum- A brief History of Modern India LalaLajpatRai,Bipin Chandra Pal and AurobindoGhosh Appendices The Moderate leaders- DadabhaiNaoroji, W.C Bonnerjee, S. N Banerjee and Pherozshah Mehta Indian National Congress Annual Sessions Page no. 760 Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Chapter 12- Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Page no. 303 3. Solution- c Explanation- 6. Solution- b 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 1 PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER MALUKA IAS Explanation- Second statement is incorrect. Lord Lytonintroducedalaw which reduced the maximum age First statement is correct. In 1926, S. of civilservices exam from 21 to 19. SrinivasIyengarpresided over Congress session in Guwahati which is the only session in North East. Lord Ripon remained India’s Viceroy from 1880-84. This liberal politician is known for many reforms in the Second statement is incorrect. Rash internal administration of India. The most important BehariGhoshpresidedSurat session of 1907 in which events during this time were as follows: there was a split in Congress into the Moderates and Extremists The Vernacular Press Act was repealed in 1882 A Resolution in 1882 set off the institution of local Third statement is correct. Subhash Chandra self-government in India. Bosepresided in Haripura (1938) and Tripuri Hunter Commission came in 1882 for the purpose (1939).However he resigned and Rajendra Prasad took of education over as president. Ilbert bill controversy (1883-84) Rendition of Mysore Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Appendices- 3 (Indian National Congress Annual Sessions) Appendices- 2 (Governors- General and Viceroy of India- Significant Event in their rule) Page no. 760 Page no. 754 9. Solution- a 7. Solution- a Second statement is incorrect. Extremists wanted Explanation- totake the movement outside Bengal but Moderates First statement is correct. Emergence oftrained opposed it. leadership in form of BalGangadharTilak, LalaLajpatrai Third statement is incorrect. DadabhaiNaoroji (whowas and AurbindoGhoshetc the moderate leader) was chosen as the president of Second statement is correct. Reactionarypolicies of 1906 INC session. Dadabhaielectrifiedthe national Curzon such as passing of Calcutta Corporation act, ranks by openly declaring in hispresidentialaddress universities act, official secrets act, partition of Bengal that the goal of Indian National movement was ‘Self- Government’ or Swaraj like that of the United Kingdom Third statement is correct. Recognition of true natureof or the colonies. British rule and their repressive policy: The Natubrothers were deported without trial and Tilak Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum and others, imprisoned on charges of sedition. Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Fourth statement is incorrect. The defeat of the Page no. 304 Italianarmy by Ethiopians (1896), the Boer wars (1899- 1902) where the British faced reverses and Japan’s victory over Russia (1905) demolished myths of European invincibility. Defeat of Russian empirein 10. Solution- B Crimean war was reason for rise of militantactivities during 1857 freedom struggle and not during the First statement is correct. Mahatama Gandhi Swadeshi Movement. wasassociated with congress and was alsothepresident of congress in 1924 (Belgaum). Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Second statement is incorrect. Sarojini Naidu was first Chapter- 12 Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) Indian woman president of Indian National Congress and first woman who held the Presidentshipof INC was Page no. 287 Annie Besant. 8. Solution- c Third statement is correct. The Lucknow session was significant for the two reasons – Explanation- 1. Union ofCongress and Muslim League 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM pg. 2 PRELIMS TEST SERIES: 2020 TEST 01 ANSWER MALUKA IAS 2. Union of moderates and extremists Page no. 322 The meeting atLucknow marked the reunion of the 13. Solution- d moderate andExtremists of the Congress after Tilak returned fromJail. Explanation- Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum KomagataMaru Incident - 1914 Appendices- 3 (Indian National Congress Annual Lucknow session of Congress - 1916 Sessions) Khilafat movement - 1919-24 Page no. 760 Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum 11. Solution- d Chapter 14 (First World War and Nationalist Response) First statement is correct. Most of the members of Page no. 328 partywere Punjabi Sikh peasants and ex-soldiers who were facing discrimination at the hands of British. Second statement is correct. 14. Solution- c Ghadarmilitantsweresecular, egalitarian, democratic and non-chauvinistic. Explanation- Third statement is correct. Some of its leaders First and Third statements are correct. During the wereBabaGurumukh Singh, Kartar Singh Saraba, 1916,Lucknow session of Congress Sohan Singh Bhakna, Rehmat Ali, BhaiParmanand and Mohammad Barkatullah Extremist were admitted to congress Lucknow Pact: Coming of Muslim League and Source- India’s struggle for independence- Bipin Congress and presentation of common demands to Chandra the government. Chapter- 12 (World War I and Indian Nationalism- The Second statement is incorrect. Home Rule League Ghadar) movement has already stated before the session. Page no. 146 Home Rule League of Tilak was started inearly 1916 (April) and Annie Besant started in September 1916. 12. Solution- b The Lucknowsession of congress was relatedwith entry Explanation- to extremist in Congress and Pact between Congress First statement is incorrect. In 1914,GhadrMovement and Muslim League. was influenced by arrest of LalaHarDayal not Rash The congress session provided the Home Rule Behari Bose. Leaguers with the opportunity to showcase their Second statement is correct. Ghadar Movement strength. Tilak’s Home Rule League Established a wasalso influenced by KomagataMaru Incident as it tradition that became an essential part of later hurt the sentiments of overseas Indians. congress annual sessions – A special train ‘congress special’ was organised for delegates from western India Third statement is incorrect. BalGangadharTilakwas to Lucknow. ready to assume leadership of Home rule movement not Ghadar Movement after his release in June 1914. Arundale (Besant Home Rule League) askedevery leader of Home Rule League to get oneself elected as Fourth statement is correct. The Most delegate to the Lucknow Session. ImportantDevelopment that made the Ghadr Revolution imminent was the outbreak of World War I. Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Source- A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum Chapter 14 (First World War and Nationalist Response) Chapter 13 (First Phase of Revolutionary Activities Page no. 333 1907-1917) 53/6, 2 FLOOR, OLD RAJENDER NAGAR, NEAR MADONNA HOTEL, KAROL BAGH METRO STATION GATE NO.7 PH:-011-4734-0741, 99101-33084, FOR ONLINE CLASSES:-WWW.MALUKAIAS.COM
Recommended publications
  • Carnatic Wars - Second Carnatic War [Modern Indian History Notes UPSC]

    Carnatic Wars - Second Carnatic War [Modern Indian History Notes UPSC]

    UPSC Civil Services Examination UPSC Notes [GS-I] Topic: Carnatic Wars - Second Carnatic War [Modern Indian History Notes UPSC] NCERT notes on important topics for the UPSC Civil Services Exam. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like Bank PO, SSC, state civil services exams and so on. This article talks about The First Second War. Facts about the Second Carnatic War Fought between: Different claimants to the posts of the Nizam of Hyderabad, and the Nawab of the Carnatic; each claimant being supported either by the British or the French. People involved: Muhammad Ali and Chanda Sahib (for the Nawabship of the Carnatic or Arcot); Muzaffar Jung and Nasir Jung (for the post of the Nizam of Hyderabad). When: 1749 – 1754 Where: Carnatic (Southern India) Result: Muzaffar Jung became Hyderabad’s Nizam. Muhammad Ali became the Nawab of the Carnatic. Course of the Second Carnatic War The first Carnatic War demonstrated the power of the well-trained European army vis-à-vis the less than efficient armies of the Indian princes. The French Governor-General Dupleix wanted to take advantage of this, and assert influence and authority over the Indian kingdoms, so as to make way for a French Empire in India. So, he was looking to interfere in the internal power struggles among Indian chiefs. Even though England and France were officially at peace with each other as there was no fighting in Europe, the political climate in Southern Indian at that time led their companies to fight in the subcontinent. The Nizam of Hyderabad, Asaf Jah I died in 1748 starting a power struggle between his grandson (through his daughter) Muzaffar Jung, and his son Nasir Jung.
  • War of the Austrian Succession.Docx

    War of the Austrian Succession.Docx

    War of the Austrian Succession The War of the Austrian Succession was a conflict that took place from 16 December 1740 to 18 October 1748 between the various European powers of the time. The conflict was not restricted to Europe, but also spilled into their colonial holdings in Asia. The war established Prussia as a regional hegemon for years to come, altering the very balance of power in Europe. In India, the rivalry between Britain and France in the Austrian War of Succession resulted in the First Carnatic War. This article will give further details about the War of the Austrian Succession within the context of the UPSC Exams. What was the reason behind the War of the Austrian Succession? The pretext for the war came when a succession crisis happened upon the death of the Habsburg Emperor Charles VI in 1740. To understand how this crisis happened, one must keep in mind the following events: ● In 1703, a Mutual Pact of Succession was agreed upon. It stated that should the male line of the Habsburgs become extinct, the female line would take precedence. ● In this case, the female line referred to the heirs of the elder brother of Charles VI, Emperor Joseph I. ● But the Salic law excluded women of the royal family from inheriting the throne. But if the various Habsburk territories and the Imperial Diet granted approval, then exceptions would be made. ● Emperor Joseph's death in 1711 left two potential female heirs, Maria Josepha and Maria Amalia. But in April 1713, the Pragmatic Sanction was issued by Charles, which allowed female inheritance by the progeny of Charles VI.
  • Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.Long.T65

    Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.Long.T65

    Cambridge University Press 0521853591 - The Cambridge History of Warfare Edited by Geoffrey Parker Index More information Index Abrams, Creighton (American general, aircraft carriers, 251; American (1930s), Vietnam War), 381 320; American (World War II), 356; Actium, battle of (31 BC), 427 Japanese (World War II), 355 Adrianople; battle of (AD 378), 63; Aisne offensive (1918), 283, 305 most fought-over town in history, Aix-la-Chapelle, treaty of (1748), 183, 427 184 Aelian (Tactics), 4, 157, 417, 431 Alans, 64 Aemilius Paulus (Roman general), 40 Alba, duke of, 5, 152, 155 Aeschylus on the Persian wars, 23, 25 Alberich (German withdrawal, 1917), Aetius (Roman general), 62, 63 298 Afghanistan’s democratic election. See Alberti, Leon Battista, on angled also al-Qaeda; Laden, Osama Bin, defences, 106 407 Alexander the Great, 3, 71, 98, 418 Agesilaus (Spartan general), 26, 37 Alexius (east Roman emperor), 79 aggression in the western military Alfonso X of Castile (Siete Partidas), 99 tradition, 6, 10, 414, 416, 418, Alfred the Great, 72, 76 425 Algerian War (1954–62), 372–374 Agincourt, battle of (1415), 88, 89 Algonkians, 139 agrarian warfare, 25, 30; Bronze-Age, Aljubarrota, battle of (1385), 85 18; hoplite, 18, 19, 21, 22; Roman Allerheim, battle of (1645), 160 militias, 49 Alma, battle of (1854), 222 air attacks; Gulf War, 392; Six Day War, Almagro, Diego de (Spanish 386; Vietnam War, 377–378, 380, conquistador), 139, 140 381; World War I, 309; World War al-Qaeda, 412. See also Laden, Osama II, 334, 351, 354, 357, 364; Yom Bin, 403; America strikes back, Kippur War, 387 406–412; America under attack, Air Corps Tactical School (USA), 319 403–406; Madrid explosion, 411 air defence,319, 387, 392; British Alvarez de Toledo, Don Fernando.
  • Objective Type Questions (1 Mark Each)

    Objective Type Questions (1 Mark Each)

    Grade VIII - History Lesson 3.Ruling the Countryside Objective Type Questions (1 Mark each) I. Multiple choice questions 1. The Mughal emperor appointed the East India company as the Diwan of _____________. a. Bihar b. Bengal c. Odisha d. Mumbai 2. Company purchased goods in India by importing _____________ and _____________ from Britain. a. gold and copper b. silver and tin c. gold and silver d. silver and copper 3. In 1770 a terrible famine killed _____________ million people in Bengal. a. five b. nine c. seven d. ten 4. The Rajas and taluqdars were recognised as _____________. a. lohar b. Zamindars c. sonar d. ryots 5. The Mahalwari system was devisd by an Englishman called _____________. a. Thomas Munro b. Charles Cornwallis c. Holt Mackenzie d. Wellesley 6. The company was trying to expand the cultivation of _____________ and _____________. a. wheat and rice b. opium and indigo c. tea and sugarcane d. jute and cotton 7. By 1810, the indigo imported to Britain from India was _____________ percent. a. 90 b. 95 c. 92 d. 100 8. _____________ is a unit of measurement of land. a.Litre b. Bigha c. Kilogram d.Millilitre 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. b 5. c 6. b 7. b 8. b II. Multiple choice questions 1. One-third of the population was wiped out from Bengal because a. a terrible famine occurred there b. a civil war broke out c. An epidemic broke out d. none of the above 2. The Mahalwari System was devised by 1 Created by Pinkz a.
  • Post Graduate Courses (Semester – I &

    Post Graduate Courses (Semester – I &

    Iswar Saran P. G. College ( University Of Allahabad) Department of Med And Mod History Post Graduate Courses (Semester – I & II) CORE COURSES:- S.No Course Code Title of the Course 1. HIS 501 Development of Historiography in Non-Indian Context 2. HIS 502 Development of Historiography in India 3. HIS 503 History of the Contemporary World (1919-1962) 4. HIS 504 History of the Contemporary World (1963-2000) ELECTIVE/OPTIONAL COURSES:- Sl.No Course Code Title of the Course 1. HIS555 History of Modern Europe (1789-1870) 2. HIS556 History of Modern Europe (1870-1919) 3. HIS557 History of South Asia-I 4. HIS 558 History of South Asia-II 5. HIS 561 History of United States of America (1776-1898) 6. HIS 562 History of United States of America (1898-1976) Semester - I Development of Historiography in Non-Indian Context (Code: HIS 501) UNIT - I Philosophy of History: 1. Definition of History. 2. History and its relation with the other branches of knowledge. 3. Challenges before the Historian. UNIT - II Evolution of non-Indian Historiography through the Ages-Ancient to Early Modern: 1. Earlier Traditions of Europe. 2. Developments during Renaissance, Reformation, Enlightenment and Romanticism. 3. Developments of Historiography in Middle East and China UNIT - III Evolution of European Historiography through the Ages- I 1. Positivist school 2. Whig School 3. Others UNIT - IV Evolution of European Historiography through the Ages- II 1. Karl Marx and Historical Materialism 2. Antonio Gramsci, Hegemony and Cultural Marxism 3. Louis Althusser and Structural Marxism UNIT - V Evolution of European Historiography through the Ages- III 1.
  • CC-12:HISTORY of INDIA(1750S-1857) II.EXPANSION and CONSOLIDATION of COLONIAL POWER

    CC-12:HISTORY of INDIA(1750S-1857) II.EXPANSION and CONSOLIDATION of COLONIAL POWER

    CC-12:HISTORY OF INDIA(1750s-1857) II.EXPANSION AND CONSOLIDATION OF COLONIAL POWER: (A) MERCANTILISM,FOREIGN TRADE AND EARLY FORMS OF EXTRACTION FROM BENGAL The coming of the Europeans to the Indian subcontinent was an event of great significance as it ultimately led to revolutionary changes in its destiny in the future. Europe’s interest in India goes back to the ancient times when lucrative trade was carried on between India and Europe. India was rich in terms of spices, textile and other oriental products which had huge demand in the large consumer markets in the west. Since the ancient time till the medieval period, spices formed an important part of European trade with India. Pepper, ginger, chillies, cinnamon and cloves were carried to Europe where they fetched high prices. Indian silk, fine Muslin and Indian cotton too were much in demand among rich European families. Pearls and other precious stone also found high demand among the European elites. Trade was conducted both by sea and by land. While the sea routes opened from the ports of the western coast of India and went westward through the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea to Alexandria and Constantinople, Indian trade goods found their way across the Mediterranean to the commercials hubs of Venice and Genoa, from where they were then dispersed throughout the main cities of Europe. The old trading routes between the east and the west came under Turkish control after the Ottoman conquest of Asia Minor and the capture of Constantinople in1453.The merchants of Venice and Genoa monopolised the trade between Europe and Asia and refused to let the new nation states of Western Europe, particularly Spain and Portugal, have any share in the trade through these old routes.
  • Land Tenure Systems in the Late 18 and 19 Century in Colonial India

    Land Tenure Systems in the Late 18 and 19 Century in Colonial India

    American International Journal of Available online at http://www.iasir.net Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences ISSN (Print): 2328-3734, ISSN (Online): 2328-3696, ISSN (CD-ROM): 2328-3688 AIJRHASS is a refereed, indexed, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary and open access journal published by International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research (IASIR), USA (An Association Unifying the Sciences, Engineering, and Applied Research) Land Tenure Systems in the late 18th and 19th century in Colonial India Dr. Hareet Kumar Meena Assistant Professor, Department of History Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Madhya Pradesh, INDIA Abstract: Tax from the land remained a primary source of revenue for the kings and emperors since time immemorial. Nevertheless, the ownership pattern of land had witnessed changes over centuries. In the pre- capitalist stage of Indian economy, the idea of absolute ownership did not exist. All classes connected with land possessed certain rights. Unlike, the ancient and medieval period, the British imperial rule unleashed far-reaching changes in Indian agrarian structure. New land tenures, new land ownership concepts, tenancy changes and heavier demand for land revenue brought havoc changes, both in rural economy and social web. From their beginning, as political masters, the English Company relied on land revenue as the principal source of income for the functioning of state. Up to a first approximation, all cultivable land in British India fell under one of the following three alternative systems- (a) landlord based system (zamindari), (b) an individual cultivator-based system (raiytwari), and (c) village-based system (mahalwari). British mercantile interests coupled with Free Trade principles sought to derive the maximum economic advantage from their rule in India.
  • Land Revenue Systems in British India

    Land Revenue Systems in British India

    Land Revenue Systems in British India drishtiias.com/printpdf/land-revenue-systems-in-british-india Land revenue was one of the major sources of income for Britishers in India. There were broadly three types of land revenue policies in existence during the British rule in India. Before independence, there were three major types of land tenure systems prevailing in the country: The Zamindari System The Mahalwari System The Ryotwari System The basic difference in these systems was regarding the mode of payment of land revenue. The Zamindari System The zamindari system was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 through Permanent Settlement that fixed the land rights of the members in perpetuity without any provision for fixed rent or occupancy right for actual cultivators. Under the Zamindari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the intermediaries known as Zamindars. The share of the government in the total land revenue collected by the zamindars was kept at 10/11th, and the remainder going to zamindars. The system was most prevalent in West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, UP, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The Permanent Settlement Agreement According to the Permanent Land revenue settlement the Zamindars were recognised as the permanent owners of the land. They were given instruction to pay 89% of the annual revenue to the state and were permitted to enjoy 11% of the revenue as their share. The Zamindars were left independent in the internal affairs of their respective districts. Issues with the Zamindari System 1/4 For the Cultivators: In villages, the cultivators found the system oppressive and exploitative as the rent they paid to the zamindar was very high while his right on the land was quite insecure.
  • I: COMING of the EUROPEANS Dr. A. Ravisankar, Ph.D., Portuguese, Dutch, Danes, British, &French Portuguese: (Headquarters Goa)

    I: COMING of the EUROPEANS Dr. A. Ravisankar, Ph.D., Portuguese, Dutch, Danes, British, &French Portuguese: (Headquarters Goa)

    I: COMING OF THE EUROPEANS Dr. A. Ravisankar, Ph.D., Portuguese, Dutch, Danes, British, &French Portuguese: (Headquarters Goa) • In 21st May,1498- Vasco da Cama landed in Calicut, with the patronage of King Emmanuel (Portugal)- cordially received by King Zamorin- opposed by the Arabs. • 1510 Goa was captured by Albuquerque- he was died and buried at Goa in 1515. Important Portuguese to visit India 1. Vasco da Cama-1498 2. Alvarez Cabral- 1500 3. Lopo Soares- 1503 4. Francisco de Almedia 1505 5. Albuquerque 1509 6. Nuno da Cunha- 1529-1538 7. Joa de Castro-1545- 1548 Important Portuguese Writers 1. Duarle Barbosa 2. Gasper Correa 3. Diago do Couto 4. Bros de Albuquerque 5. Dom Joao de Castro 6. Garcia de Orta. Causes for the failure • Weak successors • Corrupt administration • Naval Supremacy of British • Rise of other European trading powers • Discovery of Brazil- less attention towards Indian Territory. Important Works 1. Cultivation of Tobacco & Potato 2. 1st Printing Press (1556) 3. 1st Scientific work on Indian Medicinal plants. The Dutch (Headquarters Pulicat & Nagapatnam) • They all from Netherland • 1stPermanent Factory at Maulipatnam (1605) Dutch Factories in the Coromandel Coast: 1. Masulipatnam 2. Pettapoli 3. Devenampatnam 4. Tirupapuliyar 5. Pulicat 6. Nagapatnam 7. Porto Novo 8. Sadraspatanam 9. Golcunda 10. Nagal Wanche 11. Palakollu 12. Drakshram 13. Bimplipatnam Dutch Factories in Bengal 1. Pipli 2. Chinsura 3. Qasim Bazar 4. Patna Reason for Decline • Rise of English power • The authority was highly centralized • Officers of the Company became corrupt • Majority of the settlement was given to English. The French (Head Quarters Pondichery) • 1st French factory was established at Surat by Francois Caron • Pondichery was obtained from Sher Khan Lodi (Governor of Valikondapuram) by Francois Martin.
  • A Comparative Study of Zamindari, Raiyatwari and Mahalwari Land Revenue Settlements: the Colonial Mechanisms of Surplus Extraction in 19Th Century British India

    A Comparative Study of Zamindari, Raiyatwari and Mahalwari Land Revenue Settlements: the Colonial Mechanisms of Surplus Extraction in 19Th Century British India

    IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (JHSS) ISSN: 2279-0837, ISBN: 2279-0845. Volume 2, Issue 4 (Sep-Oct. 2012), PP 16-26 www.iosrjournals.org A Comparative Study of Zamindari, Raiyatwari and Mahalwari Land Revenue Settlements: The Colonial Mechanisms of Surplus Extraction in 19th Century British India Dr. Md Hamid Husain Guest Faculty, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, India Firoj High Sarwar Research Scholar, Department of History (CAS), AMU, Aligarh, India Abstract: As a colonial mechanism of exploitation the British under East India Company invented and experimented different land revenue settlements in colonized India. Historically, this becomes a major issue of discussion among the scholars in the context of exploitation versus progressive mission in British India. Here, in this paper an attempt has been made to analyze and to interpret the prototype, methods, magnitudes, and far- reaching effects of the three major (Zamindari, Raiytwari and Mahalwari) land revenue settlements in a comparative way. And eventually this paper has tried to show the cause-effects relationship of different modes of revenue assessments, which in turn, how it facilitated Englishmen to provide huge economic vertebrae to the Imperial Home Country, and how it succors in altering Indian traditional society and economic set up. Keywords: Diwani (revenue collection right), Mahal (estate), Potta (lease), Raiyat (peasant), Zamindar (land lord) I. Introduction As agriculture has been the most important economic activity of the Indian people for many centuries and it is the main source of income. Naturally, land revenue management and administration needs a proper care to handle because it was the most important source of income for the state too.
  • Economic Hist of India Under Early British Rule

    Economic Hist of India Under Early British Rule

    The Economic History of India Under Early British Rule FROM THE RISE OF THE BRITISH POWER IN 1757 TO THE ACCESSION OF QUEEN VICTORIA IN 1837 ROMESH DUTT, C.I.E. VOLUME 1 First published in Great Britain by Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner, 1902 CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE . r . vii CHAP. I. GROWTH OF THE EMPIRE I I e ocI 111. LORD CLlVE AND RIS SUCCESSORS IN BEXGAL, 1765-72 . 35 V. LORD CORNWALLIS AND THE ZEMINDARI SETTLEMENT IN BENGAL, 1785-93 . 81 VI. FARMING OF REVESUES IN MADRAS, 1763-85 . VJI. OLD AND NEW POSSESSIONS IN MADRAS, I 785-1807 VIII. VILLAGE COMMUNITIES OR INDIVIDUAL TENANTS? A DEBATE IN MADRAS, 1807-20. IX. MUNRO AND THE RYOTWARI SETTLEMENT IN MADRAS, 1820-27 . X. LORD WELLESLEY AND CONQUESTS IN NORTHERN INDIA, 1795-1815 . XI. LORD HASTINGS AND THE MAHALWARI SETTLEMENT IN NORTHERN INDIA, 1815-22 . XII. ECONOMIC CONDITIOR OF SOUTHERN INDIA, 1800 . X~II. ECONOMlC CONDITION OF KORTHERN INDIA, 1808-15 Printed in Great Britain XIv. DECLINE OF INDUSTRIES, 1793-1813 . xv. STATE OF INDUSTRIE~, 1813-35 . • ~VI.EXTERNAL TRADE, 1813-35 a . vi CONTENTS PAGE CHAP. XVII. INTERNAL TRADE, CANALS AND RAILROADS, 1813-35 . 303 XVIII. ADMINISTRATIVE FAILURES,I 793-18 15 . 313 XIX. ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AND LORD WILLIAM DENTINCK, 1815-35 . 326 PREFACE XX. ELPHINSTONE IN BOMBAT, 1817-27 344 EXCELLENTworks on the military and political transac- XXI. WINGATE AXD THE RYOTIVARI SETTLEMENT IN tions of the British in India have been written by BOMBAY,1827-35 368 . eminent hi~t~orians.No history of the people of India, XXII.
  • Iasbaba 60 Day Plan 2020 – Day 15 History

    Iasbaba 60 Day Plan 2020 – Day 15 History

    IASbaba 60 Day Plan 2020 – Day 15 History Q.1) Consider the following pairs: Organisation Leader 1. Madras Mahajan Sabha P Ananda Charlu 2. Bombay Presidency Association K T Telang 3. All India National Conference Anand Mohan Bose Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched? a) 1 and 2 only b) 3 only c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3 Q.1) Solution (d) Pair 1 Pair 2 Pair 3 Correct Correct Correct Madras Mahajan Sabha was Bombay Presidency The Indian National formed in 1884 by a group of Association was formed in Association also known as younger nationalists of 1885 by popularly called Indian Association was the Madras such as M brothers-in-law – first avowed nationalist Viraraghavachariar, G Pherozeshah Mehta, K T organization founded in Subramaniya Iyer and P Telang and Badruddin Tyabji. British India by Surendranath Ananda Charlu. Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876. Q.2) Consider the following statements: 1. The first meeting of the Indian National Congress was organized by W. C. Banarjee in Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College of Bombay. 2. A resolution was passed in the first meeting of Congress demanding expansion of Indian Council of the Secretary of State for India to include Indians. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 only IASbaba 60 Day Plan 2020 – Day 15 History b) 2 only c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.2) Solution (d) Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect The first meeting of the Indian National Total 9 resolutions were passed.