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WARNANT by M. LALOUX, E. GROESSENS, P. OVERLAU [(, H. P1RLET ~ru 100m &.--J Ane.Abbaye de Moulins t2 Maredsous EGR87 Figure 1. Localization 1. LOCALIZATION CONIL, R. & LYS, M. in 1964 and 1965 • 1966 OVERLAU, P. : unpublished DSc . A. Abandonned underground quarry of dissertation (University of "Bleu Belge" marble known as DEJAIFFE Louvain). Macr9sedimentologi quarry. cal study and detailled log 500 m S.W. of the church. of the quarry (pl. 30 : car. Ref erence : documents of the Geolo DEJAIFFE n° 53/3-7). gical Survey of Belgium • 1968 PIRLET, H. : Study of the rhythmic 166W151. Upper Visean sedimentation. documents of R. CONIL • 1970 CONIL, R. & PIRLET, H. : Descrip Bioul 7. tion of paleontological outline Type section of Upper Warnantian of the transition beds (point 5, (fig. 2). fig. 3) • 1974 CONIL, R. & PIRLET, H. : Excurions B. Abandonned railway trench, S.E. of AS in BOUCKAERT, J. & STREEL, M. the quarry (railway Warnant-St ed. - Symposium of Namur. Gérard). • 1977 CONIL, R., GROESSENS, E. & PIRLET, 600 m South of the church. H. : Definition of Warnantian. Reference : documents of the Geolo- • 1983 NZIBA, M. : 3rd cycle doctorat gical Survey of Belgium thesis - University of Lille 166 w 149. (France) : Radiometrical ano documents of R. CONIL malies" Bioul 39 (fig. 3). • 1983 PAPROTH, E., CONIL, R. etaZ.: Definition of the formation 2. LITERATURE "Couches de Warnant" - p. 226. • 19 23 .MAROTE, E. : Description of the 3. SHORT DESCRIPTION marble quarry (fig. 45) • 1934 DE.MANET, F. : first description From the bottom to the top (abandon of the transition beds and ned railway, abandonned quarry, shaft their macrofauna and upper trench) . • 1936 KAISIN, Jr. F. : tectonical des cription of the site (fig. 3) CaZaaire de PoiZvaahe (V3b{3) : the Upper part • 1938 DE.MANET, F. : complementary fau of the formation is to be seen in the rail nal list (fig. 1) way eut (sequence J, K1, K2 of PIRLET, • 1941 DE.MANET, F. : descriptions of 1968) . Namurian fauna • 1964 CaZaaire d'Anhée (V3l:rt) : - the sequences BOUCKAERT, J. & HIGGINS, A. : - 2 to 6 (gris bancs ) of PIRLET (1968) Joined description of gonia- outcrop in the railway eut. 1 ites and conodonts (point 2, fig. 2) - the two upper • 1964 CONIL, R. & PIRLET, H. : First sequences (7, 8 : "Bleu Belge") are expo study of foraminifera - other sed in the underground quarry. specimens were published by 221 Couches de Warnant (V3e) and transition to F. DEMANET (1938), J. BOUCKAERT & A. the Ncurru:l'ian : - the Lower limit of V3c is HIGGINS (1963) and A. HIGGINS & J. placed by F. DEMANET (1934, p. 449 ; BOUCKAERT (1968). 1938, p. 8 non-fig. 1 ; 1958, p. 101) They are well represented in the upper and H. PIRLET (1968) beneath black member. argillous beds knownas "Bancs de Desserre". We can point out : - R. CONIL & H. PIRLET (1970, fig. 3) placed this limit some two meters - Gnathodus girtyi (beds 9 3 to 1 0 2) lower into the uppermost part of the - Paragnathodus aommutatus (be ds 9 3 t o 1 0 2) "Bleu Belge". Refering to the thickness - Paragnathodus erueiformis (beds 93 & 1 OO) of the lower V3c given by F. DEMANET - Cavusgnathus navieuZus in bed 95 (7 m) which do not correspond to those The last conodonts recorded came from mesured in the quarry (almost 5 m). bed 102. - Nevertheless, R. CONIL & H. PIRLET, join the original definition e. Foramlnifera in 1974. - Pseud.oend.othyra appears in sequence J of Utholagy Calcaire de Poilvache (fig. 3) - Cribt>ostomum and Bmdyina rotuZa, gui de - a. Lower member (Zower V3e) : 5 m of bioclastic fossils of subzone Cffry appears res dark blue cherty limestone, thin bedded pectively in sequences - 2 and 0 of with argilleous intercalations. This beds Calcaire d'Anhêe (fig. 3). are seen at the entrance of the underground quarry. Detailled distribution of foramini fera in the "Couche de Warnant" is given b. Upper member (Upper V3a) : 8 m of alternation on fig. 2. of shales, calcareous shales, argilleous limestones and cherts. The shales, which - WarnantelZa and LoebZiehia paraammonoides are dominant in the upper part contain guides of the Cf6ô subzone, appear phosphatic nodules with radiolaria and well respectively in beds 50 and 51 (Lower preserved cellular tissue of ArahaeoeaZamites. V3c) . Numerous radioactiv picks have been detected - Janisehewskina exists in bed 87 (Upper in this interval (NZIBA, unpublished). V3c). a. 5 m of unfossiliferous sandy shales. The last foraminifera ( Pseudoammodiseus and Asteroarehaediseus) have been found d. brown shales, dated as Arnsbergian in bed 95 (Upper V3c). (subzone E2al). 5. THE "BLEU BELGE" MARBLE (E. GROESSENS) 4. PALEONTOLOGY The "Bleu Belge" marble was quarried a . Ga ni.aü,tv.i : in a few, often underground quarries at - Goniatites striatus : bed 5 5, lower V3c Anhée, Bioul, Falaën in the vicinity of subzone GOB in Germany, Zone GF 15 Dinant and Bo.uffioulx, Couillet and (P1b) in Great-Britain. Fontaine-l'Evêque near Charleroi. - Goniatites koboZdi (spimZe s.s.), bed 75, upper V3c ; subzone GoB in German y, It is a black dense micritic limestone Zone GF 15 (P1d) in Great-Britain. crossed by a network of white calc-spar - Goniatites granosus : beds 78 and 86, veins. It occures in the Uppermost upper V3c ; subzone GOy in Germany Dinantian into well stratified beds which Zone GF 16 (P2a) in Great-Britain. thickness varies from 0.30 to 0.80 m. - Lusitanites subeireularis : bed 93, upper V3c ; subzone GOy in Germany, Zone This network of white calc-spar is GF 16 (P2b) in Great-Britain. due to the tectonical movements which - Eumorphoaeras bisuZaatum and Cravenoeeras broke the black marble ; from there that aowZingense : brown shales ; subzone E2al. the "Bleu Belge" marble exist only in the most dislocated parts of the massifs and that tentatives quarries were opened and b. LameZZibranehs and braehiopods : quickly abandonned in other parts. These are listed in F. DEMANET's The calc-spar network shows generally publications. a symmetry of parallel lenthened "S" in dicating the tectonical deformation. The presence of Posidonomya membranaaea in bed 99 of upper V3c and of Martinia The nicest marble variety, called aff. gZabra in bed 102, also upper V3c, "Mélange" is those showing the largest is to be pointed out. calc-spar veins. The total thickness of the quarried a. Ostraeods : "Bleu Belge" level varies around 8 to 9 m. Sorne beds contain cherts which was the They are abundant in some residues main flaw of this first quality ornemental of the dissolution. of the limestones stone which was exported not only in Europe for conodont separation. but also to the United States where it was appraised. They are mainly Kirkbyacea and Bairdiacea pseudomorphosed into fluora IndustriaZ areheoZogy patite (lower V3c, M. COEN, unpublished information). The history of the workings of "Bleu Belge" is difficult to trace at his d. Conod.onts : beginnings. Conodonts have been described by At a couple of kilometers from the 222 () • 1 t :J .,, 0 c: 1 ...... 0 fmfüll]j0 (JI lO • 'tl 0 3 :J 0 OO Ill "" c: ':T Cii CllCll 0 0 IC 0 ':T .. ;;;;2': :: ""5 0 o. œ Il ;; ('!) ... • ,,,, tin en 0 1 CALCAIRE o' ANHEE COIJCHES DE WARNANT :J c: .. :J Il m n ...... œ Cil ;- ... ... ., ;:r œ " 3 N .. .. "" œ œ CO-·"' Ill .. :.:::. a:> :J Cl) œ œ ., œ°' Ill c: Cl· .. )( "'œ .... ...... N •w 1 c: lD 1 1 ..... 1.71• ••WU'I ••.... w • 0 )( 1 1 1 • "'"' 1 l;l' c.;> ..... ~ .i:> ...., - - ... .i:> U'1 U'1 U'1 en ...., ...., ...., ...., OO OO lD lD lD ""3 1.71 0 OO 0 U'1 lD w 0 N w~ OO U'I....,: w U'1 OO "' 1 .. 'tl 1 c:"' ;;; _I I ·, ,.,., .,,. 1 ""'"·11'":'·'.1-:"'-'î1·111r1·~,1w1·I'' 'tl c: 1 '".1 :J ' J 1 1 J 1 1 J .. " 1 ·: 1• I · 1 . · 1 1 . "· 1· ~ Cl). .. - 1 0 Ill 1 J _ 1 I) •• ,· cc .. ':T T' 1- l 1 1 1 1 l·1'.!11li1,.. jlr 1 1· ,., .. ,. 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