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Lord Jhulelal: an Analytical Study

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Lord Jhulelal: an Analytical Study LORD JHULELAL: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY Synopsis of the Thesis SUBMITTED TO THE TILAK MAHARASHTRA VIDYAPEETH, PUNE FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph. D.) IN INDOLOGY Under the Board of Arts and Fine Arts Studies BY THAKKAR HARISH GOPALJI (Registration No. 00214007310) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. MANJIRI BHALERAO Shri Balmukund Lohia Centre of Sanskrit and Indological Studies AUGUST 2018 Annexure IV CERTIFICATE OF THE SUPERVISOR It is certified that work entitled “Lord Jhulelal : An Analytical Study” is an original research work done by Thakkar Harish Gopalji Under my supervision for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Indology to be awarded by Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune. To best of my knowledge this thesis • embodies the work of candidate himself/herself • has duly been completed • fulfils the requirement of the ordinance related to Ph. D. degree of the TMV • up to the standard in respect of both content and language for being referred to the examiner. Signature of the Supervisor i Annexure III Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune Undertaking I Thakkar Harish Gopalji am the Ph. D Scholar of the Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth in Indology subject. Thesis entitled “Lord Jhulelal: An Analytical Study” under the supervision of Dr. Manjiri Bhalerao Solemnly affirm that the thesis submitted by me is my own work. I have not copied it from any source. I have gone through extensive review of literature of the related published / unpublished research works and the use of such references made has been acknowledged in my thesis. The title and the content of research is original. I understand that, in case of any complaint especially plagiarism, regarding my Ph.D. research from any party, I have to go through the enquiry procedure as decided by the Vidyapeeth at any point of time. I understand that, if my Ph.D. thesis (or part of it) is found duplicate at any point of time, my research degree will be withdrawn and in such circumstances, I will be solely responsible and liable for any consequences arises thereby. I will not hold the TMV, Pune responsible and liable in any case. I have signed the above undertaking after reading carefully and knowing all the aspects therein. Signature : Address : B-1103, Rohan Garima Hsg. Soc. Senapati Bapat Rd. PUNE: 411 016 Ph.No. : 9422313868 e-mail: [email protected] Date : 6-8-2018 Place: PUNE ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT First of all, I bow in reverence to Lord Jhulelal for the opportunity to take up this thesis which helped gain insight into the inspiring life story and teachings of the deity. Next, I would like to thank my respected late Father and Mother, Shri Gopalji Govardhandas Thakkar and Smt. Chandramani Gopalji Thakkar from whom I received the gift of faith and devotion. My sincere thanks to my guide Dr. Manjiri Bhalerao for the valuable guidance and support I received from her for my Ph.D. study and for her patience and motivation. Her guidance helped me all the way during my research and writing of this thesis. I thank the Head of the Department of Shri Balmukund Lohia Centre Sanskrit and Indological Studies Dr. Shripad Bhat for his guidance and encouragement. I thank faculty members Dr. Shreenand Bapat, Dr. Hema Dole and Dr. Ambarish Khare for their guidance. I thank Neelima Joshi from staff and the Librarian and Library staff of Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth. I thank the Head of the Ph.D. department Dr. Sunanda Yadav and Medha Bhagwat and the staff. I am thankful to the Vice-Chancellor Dr. D. J. Tilak and to Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth for giving me this opportunity to undertake this research. I would like to thank the stalwarts in this field, Dr. G. B. Deglurkar, Dr. A. P. Jamkhedkar and Dr. G. U. Thite for their valuable suggestions and encouragement. I thank Professor Goverdhan Sharma ‘Ghayal’ for his guidance and for helping me with valuable reference material. I thank the staff of Sindhi language department at Balbhrati Textbook Bureau, Pune. I thank Dr. Ravindra Muley, Dr. Jayanti Tripathi, Dr. Divakar Mohanty and Dr. Kaveri Jadhav of Centre for Advanced Study in Sanskrit (CASS) and Dr Shailaja Katre, Head of the Dept of Sanskrit and Prakrit Studies at S.P. Pune University for their guidance. I thank Dr. Ashok Aklujkar of the University of British Colombia, Canada. iii I thank the Librarian Meghana Deshpande, Asst. Librarian Prasad Konde and the staff of Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute Library, S.P. Pune University’s CASS and Sanskrit and Prakrit Department Library and Deccan College Library for providing reference material. I thank writer Lakhmi Dada Khilani, Ex-Director and permanent trustee, Sahibji Bijlani, permanent trustee, Director Kamalji Nihlani, Asst. Librarian Ms. Chandraji Ramchandani-Khemnani and Librarian Mukeshji Tilokani at The Institute of Sindhology, Adipur, Kutch, (Gujarat) for providing valuable reference material on the subject. I thank Gauri Vakharkar for her enthusiasm and valuable inputs in this research. I thank Balkrishna Joshi, Ketaki Gokhale, Sujata and Bhargavi Pandit and Jancy Joseph for the computer related technical help. I thank my family for the wholehearted support and help that I received throughout the period of my research. I express my thanks to my wife Jyotsna, son Hemant, daughter in law Vaidehi, my brother Amit, his wife Hemali, my nephew Sahil, my niece Riya, my cousin Gaurang, my nephew Rajiv and his wife Shweta and my grandson Veer. My thanks to my sister in law Bharati Thakkar for the valuable time spared by her for interaction and discussion on the subject. I thank Dimple Ruparel (USA) and Falguni Joisher. I thank Pratapbhai Thakkar and Kumarji Tanna for providing rare literary sources. I thank my colleagues and cohorts Amol Bankar, Rohini Mangave, Enjoo Lim, Madhura Kulkarni, Gauri Kate, Abhijit Mohire, Shilpa Sonawane and Parag Purandare. I thank my friends Archana and Anand Gune, Rita Thakkar, Ashokji Patharkar, Keky Dadi Burjor and Ms. and Mr. Wankadia (Mumbai) and Dr. Triveni Mathur. Without the precious support of everyone mentioned above, it would not have been possible to conduct this research. I might have missed the names of some individuals and institutions through oversight and would also like to thank them for their help in my research. Harish Gopalji Thakkar iv CONTENTS Chapter Contents Page No. Numbers -- Certificate of the Supervisor i -- Undertaking by Student ii -- Acknowledgement iii-iv -- Contents v -- List of Plates vi 1 Introduction 1 - 14 2 Literature Review 15 - 84 3 Research Methodology 85 - 92 4 Analysis 93 - 148 5 Observations, Discussion and Conclusion 149 - 172 -- Select Bibliography 173 – 176 -- Plates i to xii v List of Plates Plate No. Description i. Picture of Lord Jhulelal ii. Picture of Lord Jhulelal iii. Indian Postal Stamp : Jhulelal Sahib iv. Jhulelal Sahib, English Brochure with First Day Cover v. Jhulelal Sahib, Hindi Brochure with First Day Cover vi. Jhulelal Sahib, First Day Cover vii. Spatial Geographical Spread viii. Survey of Devotees ix. Varuna and Ahura Mazda x. Vedic Deity Varuna xi. Sindhi Deity and Sindhi Saints xii. Water Deities in Indian and Other Mythological Systems vi Chapter 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background: Lord Jhulelal: the name evokes a feeling of peace, tranquillity and serenity if one looks at the life history and teachings of this deity revered by Sindhis in India and equally or even more by Sindhis who have made their homes outside India. He is a binding force for the Sindhi community who had to leave Sindh before and during the partition of India and had to travel long distances and settle at many places in post-partition India. They had to leave their own land, the motherland Sindh, from which the name Sindhi is derived. The vicissitude brought them from riches to rags in just a moment of time. The change of fortune forced them to travel with only a pair of clothes they were wearing and a handful of belongings leaving behind their ancestral properties and wealth earned by the generations of their family. The circumstances under which the Sindhis had to forcibly migrate from Sindh is not easy to describe. On one hand, there was a threat to their lives and on the other, there was all the fortune, wealth and property which was a fruit of hard work of generations. Despite finding themselves in such a dilemma, they showed tremendous courage and migrated to post-partition India and they were looking forward to starting a new life in independent India. Subsequently, their rehabilitation was done by the Government of India at many relief camps at various places in independent India set up by the Government of India. (Ed. Abraham-Asrani 2013:43-44) The places of rehabilitation were totally new to Sindhis having a different language, climate, food habits and geographical location. Above all, they had no work to earn their livelihood when they reached those places. Looking at the Sindhi community which is spread all over India and abroad as well, a strong force is found, binding them, bringing them together, keeping them in touch with their own culture and with each other, and it is undoubtedly Lord Jhulelal. (See plates 1 and 2) He is the North Star for Sindhis, he is like a magnet bringing all Sindhis wherever they are under one roof. He is a binding force for Sindhis spread all over the country and abroad as well. This can be witnessed on the occasion of auspicious day 1 ‘Cheti Chand’ when the entire Sindhi community gathers at Jhulelal temple to celebrate. It is believed that Lord Jhulelal is an incarnation of Vedic Deity Varuna, the river God. (Ed. Abraham-Asrani 2013:54). This day is celebrated for two reasons.
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