Assessing the Development- Displacement Nexus in Turkey
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Turkey's Refugee Resilience: Expanding and Improving Solutions for the Economic Inclusion of Syrians in Turkey
IN TURKEY Turkey’s Refugee Resilience: Expanding and Improving Solutions for the Economic Inclusion of Syrians in Turkey IN TURKEY The Atlantic Council in Turkey aims to promote dialogue and strengthen transatlantic engagement with the region through research, programming and high-level discussion forums to address critical issues around energy, economics, migration, and security. UNDP works in about 170 countries and territories, helping to achieve the eradication of poverty, and the reduction of inequalities and exclusion. We help countries to develop policies, leadership skills, partnering abilities, institutional capabilities and build resilience in order to sustain development results. Turkey’s Refugee Resilience: Expanding and Improving Solutions for the Economic Inclusion of Syrians in Turkey Bastien Revel ISBN-13: 978-1-61977-108-6 Cover: Syrian women at a food entrepreneurship training, Kilis. Photo Credit: Mustafa Bilge Satkın, @UNDP Turkey This report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council Policy on Intellectual Independence. The au- thors are solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s conclusions. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations generally, or United Nations Member States. July 2020 ATLANTIC COUNCIL I Turkey’s Refugee Resilience: Expanding and Improving Solutions for the Economic Inclusion of Syrians in Turkey TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements 1 Foreword 2 Introduction 3 I. Syrians’ Livelihoods in Turkey 5 A. Turkey opened labor market to refugees 5 1. -
Syrians in Turkey – the Economics of Integration
EXPERTBRIEF REGIONAL POLITICS September 2016 Syrians in Turkey – The Economics of Integration Timur Kaymaz and Omar Kadkoy Abstract: Worldwide, as of 2016, IN HIS SPEECH TO CEOS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT 65 million people have been companies just two weeks after the thwarted coup displaced from their homes, attempt of July 15, one of President Erdoğan’s very few the highest level ever recorded. policy oriented points concerned the country’s Syrian Moreover, Turkey is now home population. “If need be,” remarked Erdoğan, “We will give to the largest refugee population citizenship to the Syrians. Our ministries are carrying out in the world. As of August 2016, the necessary research. Rather than lodging them in tents, the number of registered Syrian in primitive conditions, we will give them citizenship. refugees (officially referred to There are lawyers, doctors, engineers, and nurses among as Syrians under Temporary them. Let us include these people in our society, so they Protection by the relevant can sustain themselves.”1 Turkish regulation, 2014/6883) is recorded as 2,724,937. To those familiar with Turkish politics, these remarks stood out from the rest of Erdoğan’s speech. The The integration of Syrians into president had already raised the citizenship issue earlier the Turkish economy has so far that month, and was met with discomfort from all parts been through human interaction of the political spectrum in Turkey. Indeed, according to rather than policy design. A a nationwide poll conducted in March 2016, 82.9 percent longterm, sustainable framework of the Turkish population opposed naturalizing Syrians.2 of integration for Syrian workers The failed coup attempt of July 15 and the political and entrepreneurs is still environment in its wake had provided an opportunity to missing as we near the fifth quietly bury the citizenship proposal, but the president anniversary of the refugee influx. -
Border Security: the Role of the U.S. Border Patrol
Border Security: The Role of the U.S. Border Patrol Chad C. Haddal Specialist in Immigration Policy August 11, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL32562 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Border Security: The Role of the U.S. Border Patrol Summary The United States Border Patrol (USBP) has a long and storied history as our nation’s first line of defense against unauthorized migration. Today, the USBP’s primary mission is to detect and prevent the entry of terrorists, weapons of mass destruction, and illegal aliens into the country, and to interdict drug smugglers and other criminals along the border. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 dissolved the Immigration and Naturalization Service and placed the USBP within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Within DHS, the USBP forms a part of the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection under the Directorate of Border and Transportation Security. During the last decade, the USBP has seen its budget and manpower more than triple. This expansion was the direct result of congressional concerns about illegal immigration and the agency’s adoption of “Prevention Through Deterrence” as its chief operational strategy in 1994. The strategy called for placing USBP resources and manpower directly at the areas of greatest illegal immigration in order to detect, deter, and apprehend aliens attempting to cross the border between official points of entry. Post 9/11, the USBP refocused its strategy on preventing the entry of terrorists and weapons of mass destruction, as laid out in its recently released National Strategy. -
Barometer THEMES
KONDA Barometer THEMES Perception on Syrian Asylum-Seekers February 2016 KONDA FEBRUARY 16’ PERCEPTION ON SYRIAN ASYLUM-SEEKERS 2 CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 5 2. PERCEPTION ON SYRIAN ASYLUM-SEEKERS ................................................................ 7 2.1. The Latest Status of Syrian Migrants in Turkey and Areas of Study .............................. 7 2.2. Information on Asylum-Seekers in Turkey ....................................................................... 9 2.3. Theoretical Framework: Ghost Citizens ........................................................................ 11 2.4. Outlook on Foreigners: Selecting Migrants................................................................... 14 2.4.1. Differentiation Outlook on Foreigners ................................................................... 16 2.4.2. Changing Perception of Migrants .......................................................................... 17 2.4.3. Economic Uncertainty and Aversion to Foreigners .............................................. 18 2.4.4. Comparison of the Opinion on Foreigners - Turkey vs. Europe ........................... 19 2.5. Social Acceptance / Status of Asylum Seekers ........................................................... 22 2.6. Areas of Contact ............................................................................................................. 24 2.7. Influence of Asylum-seekers on Economics and -
H. Khachatrian. Economic Impacts of Re-Opening the Armenian-Turkish
Economic Impacts of Re-Opening the Armenian-Turkish Border By Haroutiun Khachatrian 1 The economic consequences of the possible re-opening of the Armenian-Turkish border will appear quickly and will mean a rapid improvement for both countries, but especially for Armenia. The current economic relationships between Armenia and Turkey can be characterized in short as follows: Turkey exports goods to Armenia worth some 260 million dollars a year, whereas imports of Armenian goods to Turkey are worth a mere 1.9 million dollars (data of 2008). In other words, the Armenian market is open for Turkish goods, while the opposite is not true, as Turkey applies a de-facto embargo (not declared officially) to imports from Armenia. All of this cargo transfer is chanelled through third countries, mainly Georgia. This shows the first possible benefit for Armenia once the de-facto embargo is lifted. The huge Turkish market, a country of 70 million, would become available for Armenian exporters. Meanwhile, today the immediate markets available for Armenian goods are only the market of Armenia itself (3.2 million people) and Georgia (4.5 million), both being poor countries which restricts the volume of the market. Two other neighbors of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran are practically inaccessible for Armenian exports, the former for political reasons and the latter because of high trade barriers. Along these lines, opening the Turkish market to Armenia would greatly improve the investment rating of Armenia as the limited volumes of markets nearby make it a risky site for investments, today. 1 The author is an analyst and editor with the Yerevan based news agency Noyan Tapan. -
Open Or Closed: Balancing Border Policy with Human Rights Elizabeth M
Kentucky Law Journal Volume 96 | Issue 2 Article 3 2007 Open or Closed: Balancing Border Policy with Human Rights Elizabeth M. Bruch Valparaiso University Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj Part of the Human Rights Law Commons, Immigration Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits you. Recommended Citation Bruch, Elizabeth M. (2007) "Open or Closed: Balancing Border Policy with Human Rights," Kentucky Law Journal: Vol. 96 : Iss. 2 , Article 3. Available at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj/vol96/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kentucky Law Journal by an authorized editor of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Open or Closed: Balancing Border Policy with Human Rights Elizabeth M. Bruch' "We are living in a time when civil rights, meaning basic human rights, are being reformulated, redefined, and extended to new categories of people." Roger Nett (1971) "We should not be afraid of open borders." 3 Bill Ong Hing (2006) INTRODUCTION O PEN borders have not been a popular idea in the United States for at least a century.4 Since the federal government became involved in immigration regulation in the late 1800s, the history of immigration policy has generally been one of increasing restrictions and limitations.5 I Associate Professor of Law, Valparaiso University School of Law; Visiting Scholar, Centre for Feminist Legal Studies, Law Faculty, University of British Columbia. -
The Cold War and East-Central Europe, 1945–1989
FORUM The Cold War and East-Central Europe, 1945–1989 ✣ Commentaries by Michael Kraus, Anna M. Cienciala, Margaret K. Gnoinska, Douglas Selvage, Molly Pucci, Erik Kulavig, Constantine Pleshakov, and A. Ross Johnson Reply by Mark Kramer and V´ıt Smetana Mark Kramer and V´ıt Smetana, eds. Imposing, Maintaining, and Tearing Open the Iron Curtain: The Cold War and East-Central Europe, 1945–1989. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2014. 563 pp. $133.00 hardcover, $54.99 softcover, $54.99 e-book. EDITOR’S NOTE: In late 2013 the publisher Lexington Books, a division of Rowman & Littlefield, put out the book Imposing, Maintaining, and Tearing Open the Iron Curtain: The Cold War and East-Central Europe, 1945–1989, edited by Mark Kramer and V´ıt Smetana. The book consists of twenty-four essays by leading scholars who survey the Cold War in East-Central Europe from beginning to end. East-Central Europe was where the Cold War began in the mid-1940s, and it was also where the Cold War ended in 1989–1990. Hence, even though research on the Cold War and its effects in other parts of the world—East Asia, South Asia, Latin America, Africa—has been extremely interesting and valuable, a better understanding of events in Europe is essential to understand why the Cold War began, why it lasted so long, and how it came to an end. A good deal of high-quality scholarship on the Cold War in East-Central Europe has existed for many years, and the literature on this topic has bur- geoned in the post-Cold War period. -
Passports Into Credit Cards: on the Borders and Spaces of Neoliberal Citizenship
Passports into credit cards: On the borders and spaces of neoliberal citizenship Matthew Sparke University of Washington Forthcoming in Joel Migdal ed. Boundaries and Belonging (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) Copyright protected under Matthew Sparke. Permission to cite may be directed to the Author. "We have included in our design the necessary technological platforms to ensure that the card will have a useful life of approximately five years. Most importantly for commercial users today, it will sport the ubiquitous magnetic strip which the government will not use, making it completely available to the commercial sector. We have also included a microchip in the design as we will require some of the available storage space for automated inspections. We will make the remainder of the chip’s storage available to our commercial partners. We think this is especially significant because of the recent announcement by Visa, MasterCard and Europay of their joint specification for chip- based credit cards. To further the appeal of this idea to the commercial sector, we will also allow cards prepared by our partners to display the logo of the partner. This would create in the mind of the card holder an instant link between our high technology application and the sponsoring corporation. Just think of the possibilities for a frequent traveler pulling out a card bearing the IBM or United Airlines logo, for example. Now potentiate that image by seeing the card as a charge card, an airline ticket, a medium by which you access telecommunications systems, an electronic bank, and/or any other card- based application you can conceive." Ronald Hays1 1 These plans for a new kind of passport using credit card and biometric technology are not the plans of a banker, a commercial web systems designer, or some other corporate planner. -
Bordering Two Unions: Northern Ireland and Brexit
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics de Mars, Sylvia; Murray, Colin; O'Donoghue, Aiofe; Warwick, Ben Book — Published Version Bordering two unions: Northern Ireland and Brexit Policy Press Shorts: Policy & Practice Provided in Cooperation with: Bristol University Press Suggested Citation: de Mars, Sylvia; Murray, Colin; O'Donoghue, Aiofe; Warwick, Ben (2018) : Bordering two unions: Northern Ireland and Brexit, Policy Press Shorts: Policy & Practice, ISBN 978-1-4473-4622-7, Policy Press, Bristol, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv56fh0b This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/190846 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen -
From Syria to Turkey: Being a Woman
FROM SYRIA TO TURKEY: BEING A WOMAN Prof. Dr. Özlem CANKURTARAN Research Assistant Hande ALBAYRAK Editors: Prof. Dr. Şevkat BAHAR ÖZVARIŞ Social Psychologist Türküler ERDOST Funded by European Union Civil Protection United Nations Population Fund and Humanitarian Aid Funded by European Union Civil Protection United Nations Population Fund and Humanitarian Aid FROM SYRIA TO TURKEY: BEING A WOMAN Prof. Dr. Özlem CANKURTARAN Research Assistant Hande ALBAYRAK Editors: Prof. Dr. Şevkat BAHAR ÖZVARIŞ Social Psychologist Türküler ERDOST FROM SYRIA TO TURKEY: Funded by European Union Civil Protection United Nations Population Fund and Humanitarian Aid BEING A WOMAN Merdiven Publishing: 51 First Edition: April 2019 ISBN 978-975-8991-40-2 Press Elma Teknik Basım Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti. İvedik OSB Matbacılar Sitesi 1516/1 Sok. No: 35 Yenimahalle/Ankara www.elmateknikbasim.com Merdiven Publishing Şehit Bilgin Sokak No: 6/1 Maltepe - Ankara Tel: 0312 232 30 88 Faks: 0312 232 31 02 www.merdivenreklam.com www.merdivenyayin.com [email protected] > 2 FROM SYRIA TO TURKEY: BEING A WOMAN Prof. Dr. Özlem CANKURTARAN Research Assistant Hande ALBAYRAK Hacettepe University, Department of Social Work “Strengthening Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health, and Sexual and Gender- Based Violence Response Services for Syrian and Other Refugees through Women and Girl Safe Spaces (WGSS)/Women’s Health Counseling Units Project” This publication has been prepared and printed by Hacettepe University Research and Implementation Center on Women’s Issues (HUWRIC/HÜKSAM) in the scope of the “Strengthening Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health, and Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Response Services for Syrian and Other Refugees through Women and Girl Safe Spaces (WGSS)/Women’s Health Counseling Units Project”. -
Armenia and Turkey: Bridging the Gap
POLICY CARNEGIE BRIEF ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE 87 A p r i l 2 0 1 0 Armenia and Turkey: Bridging the Gap THOMAS DE WAA l Senior Associate, Russia and Eurasia Program S u m m a r y n Armenia and Turkey have embarked on a historic normalization process, but it is now in trouble and the United States needs to take a lead in rescuing it. n If Armenia and Turkey succeed in opening their closed border it will transform the South Caucasus region. But Azerbaijan, Turkey’s ally and the losing side to Armenia in the Nagorny Karabakh conflict, has understandable fears. The international community must invest more resources in resolving the Karabakh conflict and breaking the regional deadlock it has created. n The annual debate over the use of the word genocide to describe the fate of the Ottoman Armenians in 1915 has turned into an ugly bargaining process. It is time to take a longer view. President Obama should look ahead to the centenary of the tragedy in 2015 and encourage Turks to take part in commemorating the occasion. THE ArMENiA–TUrKEY the House International Affairs Committee prOTOCOlS voted on March 4 to call the 1915 killings In October 2009 Armenia and Turkey began genocide, causing Turkey to recall its ambas- a historic rapprochement, signing two pro- sador from Washington. Turkey’s outspoken tocols on normalizing their relations that Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo˘gan fur- showed them a way to escape their tragic ther undermined hopes for normalization past. In 2010, the process has run into trou- in a March 17 BBC interview in which he ble. -
Faaliyet-2014-Web-Eng.Pdf
TABLE OF CONTENTS Presentation Compliance Opinion on the Annual Report .....................................................................................................................................................................................................2 Agenda of the Ordinary General Assembly Meeting ..................................................................................................................................................................................3 Our Mission-Our Vision-Our Strategy ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Summary Financial Results ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Corporate Profile ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8 Capital and Shareholding Structure .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 Message From the Minister