Canadian Space Agency

ERIC LALIBERTÉ DIRECTOR GENERAL, SPACE UTILIZATION Outline

• Mandate & Objectives • International Collaboration • Key Activities • Flagship Missions • Scientific Activities • Social and Economic Benefits • Strategic Implications

2 Outline

Mandate

Promote the peaceful use and development of space, to advance the knowledge of space through science and to ensure that space science and technology provide social and economic benefits for Canadians

Departmental Results

Space Space Canada's research and Canadians information and investments in development engage with technologies space benefit the advances space improve the lives Canadian science and of Canadians economy technology

3 International Collaboration

• All space-faring countries rely on international collaboration • Canada a critical contributor to the US; entrusted with critical components • 21 international MOUs that provide a framework for project level collaboration with X countries • Only non-European Cooperating Member of the European Space Agency (ESA) • Key partner on the International Space Station • Founding member of the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters

4 Key Activities

Exploration – Leads Canada’s participation in the International Space Station (ISS), planetary exploration missions and astronomy missions

Satellites – Leads the implementation of the earth observation/science satellites to ensure GoC needs are met for high quality space data, applications and services essential for the provision of services to Canadians

Technology Development – Advances science through technology development

Awareness and Inspiration – Engages and inspires Canadian youth to learn more about science, technology, engineering and math

5 Canada’s Space Program Flagship Missions

6 Canada’s Participation in the International Space Station

• ISS participation is governed by a treaty-level Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) and a bilateral Memorandum of Understanding between NASA and the CSA, which define our contribution and use • Canada’s two main contributions are the maintenance and operation of the MSS, and to support 2.3% of the Common System Operations Costs (CSOC) covering station associated logistics and the transport of crew and cargo • David Saint-Jacques Canada’s next astronaut, David St-Jacques Next Astronaut flight to ISS in 2018/19

7 Canada’s RADARSAT Program

1995-2013: RADARSAT-1 2007: RADARSAT-2 2018: RCM

• 1 satellite • 1 satellite • 3 satellites • Single Polarization • Dual/Quad Polarization • Fully operational: select R2 • Right looking • Right/Left looking beam modes, Compact Polarization, Coherent Change • 24 days repeat cycle • 24 days repeat cycle Detection • Lifetime: 5 years • Lifetime: 7 years • Enhanced ship detection • 5000 scenes/yr • 30,000 scenes/yr • Lifetime: 8 years • Fast tasking, fast delivery

8 RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM)

Current coverage with RADARSAT-2 Coverage with RCM

• Major gaps in maritime approaches • Coverage of NWP up to 4 times daily • Incomplete coverage of Northwest • Minor gaps in East and West maritime Passage (NWP) zones (completed on next day) • Canadian land mass coverage lacking • Land mass coverage virtually complete 9 Crystal Serenity – Northwest Passage Cruise 2016 RADARSAT-2 Monitoring

Credit: K. Jackson & Crystal Cruises

10 Canada’s Space Program Scientific Activities

11 Space Exploration Sciences

Planetary Sciences Space Astronomy Health and Life Sciences

How did the solar system form? Where did the Universe come from? What are the health risks associated How has it evolved? What are the origins How did it all form? How does it all work? with space flight? How can we mitigate and limits of life? Is there life elsewhere Are we alone in the Universe? or eliminate these risks? in the solar system? Missions: James Webb Space Telescope, Platforms: the International Space Station Missions: Mars Science Laboratory, Astrosat and Recoverable Satellites OSIRIS-REx, ExoMars Partners: NASA, ESA, JAXA, ISRO, NRC Partners: NASA, ESA, JAXA, Roscosomos Partners: NASA, ESA

12 Exploration Missions

13 Earth System Sciences

Solar-Terrestrial Atmosphere Earth (Surface) System Earth’s magnetic shield protects life Earth’s atmosphere absorbs deadly Interactions between the atmosphere and and technology from solar storms UV radiation (ozone layer), breaks down air Earth surface (land, oceans, waters, ice & snow) pollution, and redistributes water and warmth. Interests – How & Impacts. Interests – Eco-systems, Interests – How & Impacts of pollutants, GHGs Sustainable Development Priority – Public Safety (GO Canada, SMILE) Priority – Climate change (AQ&GHGs) Priority – Water Management Partners – NASA, ESA, Public Safety, NRCan Partner – NASA, ESA, ECCC Partners – NASA, ESA, ECCC, DFO, AAFC, NRCan

14 Serving Earth

15 Canada’s Space Program Social and Economic Benefits

16 Overview of the Canadian Space Sector Survey

• CSA began an annual survey of space organizations in 1996 • 2016 Analysis is based on data from 150 organizations • Respondents were: • 76% companies and 24% universities and research centers • 74% were in upstream; 26% in downstream • Results are published in the 2016 State of the Canadian Space Sector Annual Report http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/pdf/eng/publications/2016-state- canadian-space-sector.pdf

17 Canada’s Space Value-Chain

Upstream Downstream

Research & Satellite Products and Services Engineering Manufacturing Operations Applications Services (incl. broadcasting)

18 Highlights from the 2016 Survey

Revenues: $5.5B (4% ) Canada’s Top 30 companies accounting for 97% of revenues and 80% of the workforce.

Domestic: Upstream: Commercial: Business R&D: Commercialization: $3.5B $0.9B $4.9B $254M $123M

Exports: Downstream: Government: Employees: HQP: $2B $4.6B $0.6B 9,883 4,085 19 Socio-Economic Benefits Study Six topics assessed

Agriculture Rural Connectivity Transport & Logistics

Disaster Management Environment Monitoring Air Traffic Management

20 Canada’s Space Program Strategic Implications

21 Supporting Key Government Operations

Environment & Climate National Defence Fisheries & Oceans Change Canada

• Weather Services • Ship Detection • Coastal Monitoring • Ice Monitoring • Canadian Forces Operations • Illegal Fishing Detection • Pollution / Oil Spills • Search & Rescue • Ocean Science • Climate Change Issues • National Security/Surveillance

Agriculture & Agri-Food Natural Resources Canada Public Safety, Parks, Canada Transport & Others

• Crop Monitoring • Resource Extraction • Emergency Management • Irrigation Management • Flooding/Forest Fire Response • Environmental Monitoring • Land-use Management • Natural Disaster Management • Global Communication 22 The Changing Global Space Context Congested-Contested-Competitive

23 Space Situational Awareness

Active Space Space Debris Assets Near- Space Earth Weather Objects

24 Space Situational Resiliency through: Policy and Coordination

UN-COPUOS: United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space

Long-Term Sustainability Guidelines IADC: Inter-Agency Debris Coordination Nation-to-Nation confidence building International Conjunction Active Assessment Workshop Space Space Military cooperation in space Debris SSA Operator’s Workshop Assets

International Astronomical SCOSTEP: Scientific Committee on Near- Union (IAU) Minor Planet Center Solar-Terrestrial Physics Space Conferences & Earth SMPAG: Space Mission Planning Workshops Weather Objects Advisory Group US & UK National Space IAWN: International Asteroid Weather Strategies Warning Network

25 Conclusion