Beyond the quiet life of a natural monopoly: Regulatory challenges ahead for Europe’s rail sector Issue paper # 2 Competition and cooperation, organisations and markets: how to deal with barriers to entry and market power? John Preston (University of Southampton) October 2012 121025_CERRE_CES_Rail_IssuePap2_JP Centre on Regulation in Europe (CERRE) asbl rue de l’Industrie, 42 (box 16) – B-1040 Brussels ph :+32 (0)2 230 83 60 – fax : +32 (0)2 230 83 60 VAT BE 0824 446 055 RPM –
[email protected] – www.cerre.eu Table of content About CERRE .....................................................................................................................................3 About the author ..............................................................................................................................5 Executive summary ..........................................................................................................................6 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................7 1. Barriers to Entry .......................................................................................................................9 2. Practical Evidence .................................................................................................................. 12 On track competition ................................................................................................................. 12 Off track competition ...............................................................................................................