Agave Lechuguilla

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INFOGRAFÍA Agave lechuguilla Taxonomía: Hábitat: Crecimiento: Reino: Plantae Habita principalmente los desiertos de Chihua- Tarda de 8 a 10 años en alcanzar la madurez. La División: Magnoliophyta hua y Sonora, casi siempre sobre piedra caliza. floración se produce una sola vez, emite un largo Clase: Liliopsida Es una especie indicadora de las condiciones del tallo de casi 10 m de altura (puede ser ramifi- Orden: Asparagales desierto de Chihuahua. cado, con pequeñas flores tubulares. La planta Familia: Asparagaceae muere tras desarrollar el fruto, pero produce Género: Agave retoños en su base. Clima: Los agaves requieren un clima semiseco, con Descripción: temperaturas promedio de 22°C y entre mil 500 Usos: Forma una roseta de hojas (pencas) de hasta y 2 mil metros de altitud. Crecen en suelos ar- Los nativos de esa región utilizan las fibras (ixtle) 45 cm de altura y 60 de ancho. Son fuertes y rí- cillosos, permeables y con abundante presencia de las pencas para confeccionar cuerdas, tape- gidas, con puntas muy afiladas. La planta florece de derivados del basalto y hierro, así como una tes, brochas y cepillos. El agua almacenada en una vez antes de morir. Las flores amarillo-roji- alta exposición solar. la planta es rica en sales minerales y es vendida zas crecen hasta 4 metros de altura. Su néctar como bebida deportiva. Sin embargo, la planta es un gran nutriente para diversas especies. es venenosa para el ganado. Propiedades medicinales: La penca asada y pelada está indicada para ali- Riesgo de extinción: viar golpes internos y dolor de riñones. También Toxicidad: 150 de las 200 especies de agave conocidas se exprime la penca asada, y el jugo obtenido Se dice que las cabras y ovejas se envene- en el mundo se encuentran en México (75% de se bebe en ayunas. Se cree que las hojas nan con frecuencia al ingerir esta planta. Los la diversidad mundial). Sin embargo, están en maceradas en agua ayudan contra los síntomas síntomas son: pérdida del apetito, hinchazón de riesgo de extinción 18 especies de agave. 89 de la diabetes. la piel y de las orejas, ojos llorosos y hasta la especies son endémicas de Oaxaca y la mayoría muerte; la piel blanca puede sufrir escoriacio- está en riesgo. nes, necrosis y se torna amarillenta. Fuentes: http://www.nvinoticias.com/nota/57965/agave- endemico-de-oaxaca-en-peligro-de-extincion- por-boom-del-mezcal http://www.huichol.com.mx/plantas-mexicanas- peligro-extincion www. .com.mx 5.

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