DOCSLIB.ORG

WRA Species Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Family: Dilleniaceae Taxon: Dillenia indica Synonym: Dillenia elliptica Thunb. Common Name: dillenia Dillenia speciosa Thunb. elephant apple chulta Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: HPWRA OrgData Designation: L Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 0 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 n 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 y 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 Print Date: 1/31/2013 Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae) Page 1 of 7 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 n 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, >3 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 n areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 n 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 n 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: L WRA Score 0 Print Date: 1/31/2013 Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae) Page 2 of 7 Supporting Data: 101 2008. Janick, J./Paull, R.E.. The Encyclopedia of [Is the species highly domesticated? No evidence] Fruit & Nuts. Cabi Publishing, Wallingford, UK 102 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2007. Wu, Z.Y./Raven, P.H./Hong, D.Y. ( eds.). [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Valleys, streamsides. Flora of China. Vol. 12 (Hippocastanaceae S Guangxi, S Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, through Theaceae).. Science Press Beijing, and Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam]." Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis., 202 2007. Wu, Z.Y./Raven, P.H./Hong, D.Y. ( eds.). [Quality of climate match data 2-High] Flora of China. Vol. 12 (Hippocastanaceae through Theaceae).. Science Press Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis., 203 2005. CAB International. Forestry Compendium. [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? Yes] "- Altitude range: 0 - CAB International, Wallingford, UK 1100 m" [Range exceeds 1000 m] 204 2005. CAB International. Forestry Compendium. [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] CAB International, Wallingford, UK "Latitude between 30°N and 10°S" 204 2007. Wu, Z.Y./Raven, P.H./Hong, D.Y. ( eds.). [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] Flora of China. Vol. 12 (Hippocastanaceae "Valleys, streamsides. S Guangxi, S Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, through Theaceae).. Science Press Beijing, and Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam]." Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis., 205 2000. Liogier, A.H./ Martorell, L.F.. Flora of [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic range? Puerto Rico] "Occasionally planted as a shade tree and persistent in synopsis. Second Edition Revised. La Editorial, Puerto Rico; a native to tropical Asia, from India to Malaysia, cultivated in the UPR, San Juan, Puerto Rico tropics." 205 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian range? Hawaii] "In Hawai`i, elephant-apple thrives in cool, moist valleys and is Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop easily propagated by seed or cuttings." Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 205 2011. Kerrigan, R.A./Craven, L.A./Dunlop, C.R.. [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Dilleniaceae. In Short, P.S. & Cowie, I.D. (eds), range? Darwin, Australia] "Some species are used for their edible fruits and Flora of the Darwin Region. Northern Territory medicinal applications or are cultivated as ornamentals. Dillenia indica (Elephant Herbarium, Palmerston, Australia Apple), not treated here, is also grown in Darwin gardens." 205 2013. Dave's Gardern. PlantFiles: Hondapara [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Tree, Chulta, Elephant Apple - Dillenia indica. range? Florida] "This plant has been said to grow in the following regions: Coral http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/63741/ Springs, Florida Kendall, Florida Lakeland, Florida Merritt Island, Florida" [Accessed 31 Jan 2013] 301 2000. Liogier, A.H./ Martorell, L.F.. Flora of [Naturalized beyond native range? Persistent] "Occasionally planted as a shade Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic tree and persistent in Puerto Rico; a native to tropical Asia, from India to Malaysia, synopsis. Second Edition Revised. La Editorial, cultivated in the tropics." UPR, San Juan, Puerto Rico 301 2011. Guézou, A. et al.. CDF Checklist of [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence in Galapagos] "Origin: Introduced, Galapagos Introduced Plants. In: Bungartz, F. et Cultivated." al. (eds.). CDF Galapagos Species Checklist. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checkli sts/ecological-group 301 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Naturalized beyond native range?] Unverified reports of naturalization, including Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture the Galapagos, Pohnpei and Food, Western Australia 301 2012. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Khan, N./Flynn, [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence in the Hawaiian Islands] T.. Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates: A Supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai`i & Hawai`i's Ferns & Fern Allies. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaii anflora/supplement.htm 302 2007. Randall, R.P.. The introduced flora of [Garden/amenity/disturbance weed? Unknown] Documented as a weed, but Australia and its weed status. CRC for Australian impacts unknown Weed Management, Glen Osmond, Australia Print Date: 1/31/2013 Dillenia indica (Dilleniaceae) Page 3 of 7 303 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 304 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Environmental weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 305 2007. Nayanakantha, N.M.C .. Alien invasive [Congeneric weed? Yes] "Some of the commonly found invasive plants in Sri plants and their potential threat to biodiversity in Lanka in different habitats include Weddelia [sic] trilobata, Lantana camara, rubber plantations. Bulletin of the Rubber Clidemia hirta, Dillenia suffruticosa..." … "Except Lantana camera, other leading Research Institute of Sri Lanka. 48: 61-66. invasive plants, such as Weddelia trilobata, Clidemia hirta and Dillenia suffruticosa are found in rubber plantations especially in the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka as noxious weeds." … "Dillenia suffruticosa Griff, ("diya para") belonging to the family Dilleniaceae, is found massively in some rubber plantations in Wet Zone areas of Sri Lanka." … "This is a pioneer species which can establish in bare lands and therefore there is a potential to invade it in to young rubber plantations as well." 401 2007.
Recommended publications
  • SURINAME: COUNTRY REPORT to the FAO INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE on PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES (Leipzig,1996)

    SURINAME: COUNTRY REPORT to the FAO INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE on PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES (Leipzig,1996)

    S U R I N A M E c o u n t r y r e p o r t 1 SURINAME: COUNTRY REPORT TO THE FAO INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES (Leipzig,1996) Prepared by: Ministry of Agriculture Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Paramaribo, May 31 1995 S U R I N A M E c o u n t r y r e p o r t 2 Note by FAO This Country Report has been prepared by the national authorities in the context of the preparatory process for the FAO International Technical Conference on Plant Genetic Resources, Leipzig, Germany, 17-23 June 1996. The Report is being made available by FAO as requested by the International Technical Conference. However, the report is solely the responsibility of the national authorities. The information in this report has not been verified by FAO, and the opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the views or policy of FAO. The designations employed and the presentation of the material and maps in this document do not imply the expression of any option whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. S U R I N A M E c o u n t r y r e p o r t 3 Table of contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCION TO SURINAME AND ITS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR 5 1.1 GEOGRAPHY AND POPULATION 5 1.2 CLIMATE AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL LAND-DIVISION 6 1.2.1 Agriculture 7 CHAPTER 2 INDIGENOUS PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES 9 2.1 FORESTRY GENETIC RESOURCES 9 2.2 AGRICULTURAL PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES 10 2.2.1 Ananas
  • Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects of Dillenia Suffruticosa and Eugenia Polyantha Water Extracts Against Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells

    Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects of Dillenia Suffruticosa and Eugenia Polyantha Water Extracts Against Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells

    Antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of Dillenia suffruticosa and Eugenia polyantha water extracts against nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by NUR DIYANA BINTI MUSA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Research) Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 2020 ABSTRACT Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the cancers that is silently prevalent in the east. In Sarawak, it is commonly detected among the local Chinese and Bidayuh ethnics, especially in males. Sarawak is home to a wide variety of flora species that may possess anticancer properties. In this study, the edible plants that were analysed were; (i) Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff.) Martelli or locally known as “daun simpoh/buan” and (ii) Eugenia polyantha Wight or “daun bungkang”. For D. suffruticosa, only the edible upper young shoots were selected as the sample while for E. polyantha, the middle leaves (var. a) and young shoots (var. b) were used. Crude water extracts were prepared from freeze-dried powder of the plant samples. The extract samples were then subjected to total polyphenolic assays; total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The antioxidant capacities of the extracts were determined using DPPH and ABTS assays. The anticancer potential of the extracts was assessed based on cell viability and cell migration rate in the presence of the extract samples. The cell lines used were nasopharyngeal cancer cells, NPC/HK1 and normal keratinocyte cells, HaCaT for comparisons. Cell viability was determined using MTS cell proliferation assays. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was determined based on the cell viability dose-response curve of the cells incubated with the plant extracts for 72 h.
  • 1 History of Vitaceae Inferred from Morphology-Based

    1 History of Vitaceae Inferred from Morphology-Based

    HISTORY OF VITACEAE INFERRED FROM MORPHOLOGY-BASED PHYLOGENY AND THE FOSSIL RECORD OF SEEDS By IJU CHEN A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2009 1 © 2009 Iju Chen 2 To my parents and my sisters, 2-, 3-, 4-ju 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank Dr. Steven Manchester for providing the important fossil information, sharing the beautiful images of the fossils, and reviewing the dissertation. I thank Dr. Walter Judd for providing valuable discussion. I thank Dr. Hongshan Wang, Dr. Dario de Franceschi, Dr. Mary Dettmann, and Dr. Peta Hayes for access to the paleobotanical specimens in museum collections, Dr. Kent Perkins for arranging the herbarium loans, Dr. Suhua Shi for arranging the field trip in China, and Dr. Betsy R. Jackes for lending extant Australian vitaceous seeds and arranging the field trip in Australia. This research is partially supported by National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grants award number 0608342. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4 LIST OF TABLES...........................................................................................................................9 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................11 ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................14
  • Dillenia Suffruticosa

    Dillenia Suffruticosa

    Invasive KISC Feasibility Combined Kauai Status HPWRA Impacts Status Score Score Score Dillenia EARLY HIGH RISK CULTIVATED suffruticosa DETECTION (11) 7 6 13 (shrubby simpoh) Initial Prioritization Assessment completed: December 2017 Report updated as of: N/A Current Recommendation for KISC: Pending scoring rank and committee review Knowledge Gaps and Contingencies: 1) Delimiting surveys surrounding known locations are required to gain knowledge of whether additional trees have established from cultivated sites. 2) Landowner cooperation is necessary to remove cultivated trees 3) Outreach effort is necessary to increase chances that individuals at private residences are reported. 4) An assessment of how costly/necessary it is to hire a certified arborist and equipment to haul away debris. 5) An invasive plant prevention plan designed to encourage collaboration between Botanical Gardens and local conservation agencies should be considered. Background Dillenia suffruticosa (Dilleniaceae), or “shrubby simpoh”, is a large shrub or small tree occasionally cultivated as an edible and medicinal plant or as an ornamental (Staples and Herbst 2005, HPWRA 2015). D. suffruticosa gained a KISC status of “Early Detection” in 2011, when it was detected during surveys for another KISC target in Wailua Homesteads. Plants were removed shortly afterwards based on expert opinion of its invasiveness on Oahu and the belief that it was not known elsewhere on Kauai. However, additional locations have been detected during 2015-2017 surveys. Thus, the purpose of this prioritization assessment report is to reevaluate whether KISC should attempt eradication (i.e. accept “Target” status) by scoring and comparing D. suffruticosa to other “Early Detection” species known to Kauai (See Table 5 in KISC Plant Early Detection Report for status terminology).
  • In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Sterculia Urens Roxb

    In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Sterculia Urens Roxb

    Shukla et al. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2020) 6:45 Future Journal of https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-020-00063-9 Pharmaceutical Sciences RESEARCH Open Access In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Sterculia urens Roxb. root extract and its bioactive phytoconstituents evaluation Anjali Shukla, Krishna Desai and Nainesh Modi* Abstract Background: The plant Sterculia urens Roxb. of Malvaceae family is comparatively understudied. Genus Sterculia is widely recognized by its phytomedicinal and ethnomedicinal attributes. The study is aimed to evaluate the qualitative analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thin layer chromatography (TLC), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the crude hydro-methanolic extract of S. urens root. Results: The antioxidant activity, antimicrobial assay for clinical isolates, and TPC were measured by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity, agar well diffusion method, and Folin–Ciocalteu assay respectively. Hydro- methanolic extract confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, steroids, and glycosides as primary and secondary metabolites, which was later confirmed by TLC. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of alkanes, alkenes, alkyl halides, halogen compounds, primary alcohol, tertiary alcohol, aldehyde, aromatic amine, secondary amines, amide group, and carboxylic acid. The crude extract was composed of a significant quantity of total phenolic content with 705 ± 0.40 mg GAE/g. Synergistically, the IC50 value of the crude extract and ascorbic acid was found to be 27.055 μg/ml and 37.244 μg/ml, respectively, which suggests that root extract possesses strong antioxidant properties. The majority of the microbial strains exhibited varying degrees of sensitivity to the root extract with a notable inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae,andPenicillium glaucum.
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Vitaceae Based on Plastid Sequence Data

    Phylogenetic Analysis of Vitaceae Based on Plastid Sequence Data

    PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF VITACEAE BASED ON PLASTID SEQUENCE DATA by PAUL NAUDE Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER SCIENTAE in BOTANY in the FACULTY OF SCIENCE at the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: DR. M. VAN DER BANK December 2005 I declare that this dissertation has been composed by myself and the work contained within, unless otherwise stated, is my own Paul Naude (December 2005) TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Abstract iii Index of Figures iv Index of Tables vii Author Abbreviations viii Acknowledgements ix CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Vitaceae 1 1.2 Genera of Vitaceae 6 1.2.1 Vitis 6 1.2.2 Cayratia 7 1.2.3 Cissus 8 1.2.4 Cyphostemma 9 1.2.5 Clematocissus 9 1.2.6 Ampelopsis 10 1.2.7 Ampelocissus 11 1.2.8 Parthenocissus 11 1.2.9 Rhoicissus 12 1.2.10 Tetrastigma 13 1.3 The genus Leea 13 1.4 Previous taxonomic studies on Vitaceae 14 1.5 Main objectives 18 CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 21 2.1 DNA extraction and purification 21 2.2 Primer trail 21 2.3 PCR amplification 21 2.4 Cycle sequencing 22 2.5 Sequence alignment 22 2.6 Sequencing analysis 23 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 32 3.1 Results from primer trail 32 3.2 Statistical results 32 3.3 Plastid region results 34 3.3.1 rpL 16 34 3.3.2 accD-psa1 34 3.3.3 rbcL 34 3.3.4 trnL-F 34 3.3.5 Combined data 34 CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 42 4.1 Molecular evolution 42 4.2 Morphological characters 42 4.3 Previous taxonomic studies 45 4.4 Conclusions 46 CHAPTER 5 REFERENCES 48 APPENDIX STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DATA 59 ii ABSTRACT Five plastid regions as source for phylogenetic information were used to investigate the relationships among ten genera of Vitaceae.
  • Field Instructions for The

    Field Instructions for The

    FIELD INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE INVENTORY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS 2013 Hawaii Edition Forest Inventory and Analysis Program Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest Service THIS MANUAL IS BASED ON: FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS NATIONAL CORE FIELD GUIDE FIELD DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES FOR PHASE 2 PLOTS VERSION 5.1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 PURPOSES OF THIS MANUAL ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 ORGANIZATION OF THIS MANUAL .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 UNITS OF MEASURE ................................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.3 PLOT SETUP .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3 1.2.4 PLOT INTEGRITY ......................................................................................................................................................................
  • Impacts of Woody Invader Dillenia Suffruticosa (Griff.) Martelli on Physio- Chemical Properties of Soil And, Below and Above Ground Flora

    Impacts of Woody Invader Dillenia Suffruticosa (Griff.) Martelli on Physio- Chemical Properties of Soil And, Below and Above Ground Flora

    Wickramathilake et al., /Journal of Tropical Forestry and Environment Vol. 3, No. 02 (2013) 66-75 Impacts of Woody Invader Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff.) Martelli on Physio- chemical Properties of Soil and, Below and Above Ground Flora 1* 2 3 B.A.K. Wickramathilake , T.K. Weerasinghe and S.M.W. Ranwala 1 Department of Zoology, Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda 2 Department of Botany, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda 3 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03 Date Received: 20-04-2013 Date Accepted: 29-10-2013 Abstract Dillenia suffruticosa (Griffith) Martelli, that spreads fast in low-lying areas in wet zone of Sri Lanka is currently listed as a nationally important Invasive Alien Species that deserves attention in ecological studies. Thus, impact of this woody invader on physical, chemical properties of soil and below and above ground flora was investigated. Five sampling sites were identified along a distance of 46km from Avissawella to Ratnapura. At each site, two adjacent plots [1m x10m each for D. suffruticosa present (D+) and absent (D-)] were outlined. Physical and chemical soil parameters, microbial biomass and number of bacterial colonies in soil were determined using standard procedures and compared between D+ and D- by ANOVA using SPSS. Rate of decomposition of D. suffruticosa leaves was also determined using the litter bag technique at 35% and 50% moisture levels. Above ground plant species richness in sample stands was compared using Jaccard and Sorenson diversity indices. Decomposition of D. suffruticosa leaves was slow, but occurred at a more or less similar rate irrespective of moisture content of soil.
  • Phylogeny of the SE Australian Clade of Hibbertia Subg. Hemistemma (Dilleniaceae)

    Phylogeny of the SE Australian Clade of Hibbertia Subg. Hemistemma (Dilleniaceae)

    Phylogeny of the SE Australian clade of Hibbertia subg. Hemistemma (Dilleniaceae) Ihsan Abdl Azez Abdul Raheem School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Adelaide A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Adelaide June 2012 The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Declaration I, Ihsan Abdl Azez Abdul Raheem certify that this work contains no materials which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any universities or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no materials previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being made available for photocopying, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I also give permission for the digital version of my thesis to be made available on the web, via the University digital research repository, the Library catalogue, the Australian Digital Thesis Program (ADTP) and also through web search engine, unless permission has been granted by the University to restrict access for a period of time. ii This thesis is dedicated to my loving family and parents iii Acknowledgments The teacher who is indeed wise does not bid you to enter the house of his wisdom but rather leads you to the threshold of your mind--Khalil Gibran First and foremost, I wish to thank my supervisors Dr John G. Conran, Dr Terry Macfarlane and Dr Kevin Thiele for their support, encouragement, valuable feedback and assistance over the past three years (data analyses and writing) guiding me through my PhD candidature.
  • Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease

    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease

    Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2016; 6(6): 492-501 492 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtd Review article doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(16)61075-7 ©2016 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. All rights reserved. Phytochemistry, biological activities and economical uses of the genus Sterculia and the related genera: A reveiw Moshera Mohamed El-Sherei1, Alia Yassin Ragheb2*, Mona El Said Kassem2, Mona Mohamed Marzouk2*, Salwa Ali Mosharrafa2, Nabiel Abdel Megied Saleh2 1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 2Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The genus Sterculia is represented by 200 species which are widespread mainly in tropical and Received 22 Mar 2016 subtropical regions. Some of the Sterculia species are classified under different genera based Received in revised form 5 Apr 2016 on special morphological features. These are Pterygota Schott & Endl., Firmiana Marsili, Accepted 20 May 2016 Brachychiton Schott & Endl., Hildegardia Schott & Endl., Pterocymbium R.Br. and Scaphium Available online 21 Jun 2016 Schott & Endl. The genus Sterculia and the related genera contain mainly flavonoids, whereas terpenoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and other types of compounds including sugars, fatty acids, lignans and lignins are of less distribution. The biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities have Keywords: been reported for several species of the genus. On the other hand, there is confusion on the Sterculia Pterygota systematic position and classification of the genus Sterculia.
  • Pharmacognosy, Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia Rubiginosa Zoll

    Pharmacognosy, Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia Rubiginosa Zoll

    Pharmacogn J. 2018; 10(3):571-575. A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy Original Article www.phcogj.com | www.journalonweb.com/pj | www.phcog.net Pharmacognosy, Phytochemical Study and Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves Rini Prastiwi1,2*, Berna Elya2, Rani Sauriasari3, Muhammad Hanafi4, Ema Dewanti1 ABSTRACT Introduction: Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll ex.Miq leaves have been used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. There is no report about pharmacognosy and phytochemical study with this plant.Objective: The main aim of this research is to establish pharmacognosy, phytochemical study and antioxidant activity of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll.ex. Miq. Leaves. The plant used to cure many diseases of Indonesia. Methods: In the present study, pharmacognosy and phyto- 1,2* chemical study of plant material were performed as per the Indonesian Herb Pharmacopoeia. Rini Prastiwi , Berna Results: Microscopy powder of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll.ex. Miq. Leaves shows star shape Elya2, Rani Sauriasari3, trichoma as a specific fragment. Physicochemical parameters including total ash (17.152 %), Muhammad Hanafi4, acid-insoluble ash (0.922 %), water-soluble extractive (1.610 % w/w), alcohol-soluble extractive Ema Dewanti1 (4.524 % w/w), hexane-soluble extractive (4.005 % w/w), and ethyl acetate-soluble extractive (3.160 % w/w) were evaluated. Phytochemical screening of ethanol extracts showed the 1Department of Pharmacognosy- presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids-terpenoids, glycosides, and phenols. And Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy absent of saponins and Anthraquinones. Antioxidant activity with IC50 157, 4665 ppm and and Science Muhammadiyah Prof.Dr. flavonoid total was 59.436 mg/g quercetin equivalent.
  • Pharmacognostic Studies on Dillenia Indica Linn. I. Leaf*

    Pharmacognostic Studies on Dillenia Indica Linn. I. Leaf*

    Prec. Indian Aead. Sei., Vol. 88 B, Part 2, Number 1, January 1979, pp. 35-48, printed in India Pharmacognostic studies on Dillenia indica Linn. I. Leaf*. USHA SHOME, R K KHANNA and H P SHARMA Pharmacognosy Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001 MS received 7 January 1978; revised 23 October 1978 Abstract. Dillenia indica Linn. is widely used in the indigenous systems of medicine; the leaf and bark as an astringent, the bruised bark, externally as a cataplasm in arthritis, and the fruit juice as a cough mixture, a cooling beverage as also for toning up the nervous system. It is considered a 'vat' suppressant ' pitta ' augmenting drug in Ayurveda. The paper deals with pharmacognosy of the leaf of D. indica. The characters studied in detail include both macroscopic and microscopic characters; physical and other constants, such as stomatal index, palisade ratio, vein islet numbers, vein termination numbers, ash values, percentages oftannins, totalsugars and reducing sugars. Preliminary phytochemical tests, TLC and fluorescence tests have also been carded out. Keywords. Dillenia indica ; pharmacognosy; Dilleniaccae. 1. Introduction Dillenia indica Linn. known as Chilta and Girnar in Hindi, Chalta in Bengali, Bhavya in Sanskrit and Elephant apple in English (Benthall 1946), belongs to the family Dilleniaceae. Nine species of the genus are reported from the Indian subcontinent (Hooker 1872). D. indica grows in tropical forests in the western peninsula, Bihar and the Himalayas from Nepal to Assam and from Sylhet to Sri Lanka (Hooker 1872). It is an evergreen tree, 9-25 m in height and up to 1.8 m in girth, with a dense rounded crown (Anon 1952).