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Tigerpaper 38-4.Pmd REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (RAP), BANGKOK October-December 2011 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Regional Quarterly Bulletin on Wildlife and National Parks Management Vol. XXXVIII : No. 4 Featuring Focus on Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2011 Vol. XXV: No. 4 Contents Pakke Tiger Reserve: An Overview...................................... 1 Scientific approach for tiger conservation in the Sundarbans... 5 A dragon-fly preys on dragonflies.........................................9 Study on commercially exported crab species and their ecology in Chilika Lake, Orissa, Sri Lanka.........................12 Urban wildlife: legal provisions for an interface zone..............16 Study of the reptilian faunal diversity of a fragmented forest patch in Kukulugala, Ratnapura district, Sri Lanka..............19 Status and distribution of Grey-crowned prinia in Chitwan National Park, Nepal....................................................... 28 REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC TIGERPAPER is a quarterly news bulletin China hosts 24th session of the Asia-Pacific Forestry dedicated to the exchange of information Commission and 2nd Forestry Week................................. 1 relating to wildlife and national parks Opening Address by Eduardo Rojas-Briales.......................... 7 management for the Daily newsletter at Forestry Week........................................10 Asia-Pacific Region. Asia-Pacific Forestry Week Partner Events...........................12 ISSN 1014 - 2789 - Reflection Workshop of Kids-to-Forests Initiative................12 - From Bali to Beijing: Lessons learned and remaning Address. challenges from a decade of work on forest law enforcement and governance in Asia and the Pacific.........13 TIGERPAPER - Pacific Islands Expert Panel...............................................13 FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific - REDD+...........................................................................15 Maliwan Mansion, Phra Atit Road - Food chain and nutrition issues in forestry...........................16 Bangkok, 10200, Thailand FAO Asia-Pacific Forestry Calendar………………............... 16 Tel: (662) 697-4000 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.fao.org/world/ regional/rap/tigerpaper/tigerpaper.htm Editor: Janice Naewboonnien Advisor: P. Durst TIGERPAPER is dependent upon your free and voluntary The opinions expressed by the contributions in the form of articles, news items, and announcements in contributing authors are not the field of wildlife and nature conservation in the region. In order to necessarily those of FAO. The better serve the n eeds of our readers please write to us and send in the designations employed and the information you have or let us know if there is any information that you presentation of the material in the need. We appreciate receiving your letters and make all efforts to TIGERPAPER do not imply the respond. expression of any opinion on the part of FAO concerning the legal or Front cover: (Photo: Courtesy of FAO) constitutional status of any country, territority or sea area, or the delimitation of frontiers. Vol. 38: No. 4 October-December 2011 | Pakke Tiger Reserve: An Overview Reserve: Pakke Tiger PAKKE TIGER RESERVE: AN OVERVIEW by Pranab Bujarbarua and Prabal Sen Introduction Tiger scheme of Government of India. It is the 26th tiger reserve in the country. akke Tiger Reserve is a land of majestic beauty located in the outer range of the Himalayas at Vegetation and flora P | the junction of western Arunachal Pradesh and northwest Assam. It lies between 92°75’to 92°22’ E In general, the vegetation and forest types of the longitude and 26°53’ to 27°16’ N latitude in East entire northeast India have already been described Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh and covers by Champion and Seth (1968). Accordingly, the an area of 862.95 km2. The reserve is bounded in vegetation of Pakke Tiger Reserve is a mosaic of the east by the Pakke river and Papum Reserve tropical semi-evergreen and evergreen forest largely Forest; at the western boundary is the Bhareli or corresponding to the Assam valley tropical semi- Kameng River, Doimara Reserve Forest and Eagle evergreen forest (2B/C1). Other forest types of the Nest Wildlife Sanctuary. The Bhareli River along area include: with Shergaon Reserve Forest bounds the north; and - sub Himalayan light alluvial semi-evergreen Nameri National Park of Assam touches the southern forest (92b/C/151); part of the tiger reserve. - eastern Hoolock forest (3/152 b); - upper Assam valley tropical evergreen forest Geologically the whole area consists of comparatively (IB/C2B); new alluvial deposits of clay, sand, silt and small - tropical riverine forests (4E/RS1); and boulders. Soils are loam, covered with humus. The - secondary moist bamboo tract (E1/2/SI). terrain of the reserve changes from flat and undulating hills at an altitude of 200m in the Assam plain up to The high altitude area of the reserve is mainly the mountains at an altitude of 2000m above mean dominated by sub-tropical broad-leaved forest. The sea level. Many annual and perennial rivers, streams floristic composition of the sanctuary is remarkable and nallas criss-cross the entire reserve. Some of in its diversity and luxuriance. A total number of the main rivers and streams in the area are Pakke, 246 taxa of angiosperms belonging to 148 genera Bhareli, Nameri, Khari and Upper Dikrai, all flowing under 62 families have been reported from the in southerly directions in the reserve. The area enjoys reserve so far. These figures are based on the a tropical to subtropical climate with cold weather sporadic explorations carried out in the buffer areas from November to March with a mean annual of the reserve, but the actual number of taxa will be minimum temperature of 12°C, and maximum much more and it is estimated that there are around temperature of 36°C. Two monsoon cycles, the 600 comprising angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns south-west (May-Sept.) and north-east (Nov.-April), and fern allies. shower the area with average annual rainfall of 2,500 mm. The lofty dense tropical evergreen and semi- evergreen forests present a complex façade with a The area of the present Pakke Tiger Reserve was multiplicity of species on multistoried canopies. originally known as Pakke Reserve Forest and was Many trees found have characteristics of northeast declared a Game Sanctuary in 1977. Subsequently, India and eastern Himalayan flora attaining their best it was declared as Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary and development here. Common tall trees of the area Tiger Reserve in 1999. In 2002 the area was renamed include Artocarpus chama, Duabanga grandiflora, Pakke Tiger Reserve vide notification no. For/CWL/ Pterygota alata, Phoebe goalparensis, Gmelina D/26/94/1742-91 dated 23.04.02 under the Project arborea, Aglaia hiernii, Tetrameles nudiflora, 111 Vol. 38: No. 4 October-December 2011 | Pakke Tiger Reserve: An Overview Reserve: Pakke Tiger | Fig 1: Map of Pakke Tiger Reserve Source: www.pakketigerreserve.org Terminalia myriocarpa, Alianthus grandis, Saurauia sp., Vernonia volkamerifolia and Stereospemum chelonoides, Terminalia bellerica, Mussaenda roxburghii. Many orchids of genus Michelia champaca, Altingia excelsa, Lannaea Bulbophyllum, Coelogyne, Cymbidium, coromandelica, Michelia champaca, Chukrassia Dendrobium and Eria, along with species of tabularis, Lindera sebifera, Polyalthia jenkinsii, Agapetes, Hoya, and Loranthus grow as epiphytes Bombax ceiba, Ficus benghalensis and F. in the tall trees of the reserve. religiosa. Trees that form the second story forests are Castanopsis indica, Dysoxylum Tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests have binectariferum, Albizzia procera, Mesua ferrea, entangling webs of thick liana, wiry climbers, Cryptocarya amygdalina, Aquilaria malaccensis, creepers and weak-stemmed stragglers. Some of Alastonia scholaris, Sterculia villosa, Bischofia the common liana and climbers of the reserve are javanica, Syzygium cumini, Kydia calicina, Tetracera tomentosa, Dalbergia pinnata, Acacia Morus laevigata and Mallotus philippinensis pinnata, Hodgsonia macrocarpa, Scheflera Third story trees are comprised of Talauma venulosa, Combretum flagocarpum, Entada hogdsonii, Dillenia indica, Bauhinia spp, pursaetha, Tetrastigma sp., Cissus assamica, Baccaurea ramiflora, Euodia glabrifolia, Dioscorea alata, D. pentaphylla, Argyreia Emblica officinalis, Garcinia cowa, etc. Some argentia, A. nervosa, Paederia scandens and of the common large and small shrubs are Ardisia different species of Piper. The reserve is one of virens, Brassiopsis glomerulata, Debregesia the richest cane areas of Arunachal Pradesh and longifolia, Maesa indica, Micromelum minuotum, several commercially important cane species grow Morinda angustifolia, Murraya paniculata, in the moist places of the reserve, particularly in 2 Vol. 38: No. 4 October-December 2011 | the nallas. Common among these are Calamus sanctuary for their food and shelter. In addition, An Overview Reserve: Pakke Tiger flagellum, C. tenuis, C. leptospadix, C. gracilis, the reserve shares one of the important elephant C. erectus and C. floribundus. Apart from canes, corridors with bordering Nameri National Park of 7 species of bamboo have also been reported from Assam. the area. Plant and animal relationship The riverine forests are primarily dominated by Dillenia indica, Magnolia hodgsonii, Bombax Pakke Tiger Reserve harbors a wide range of ceiba and Albizzia procera. The larger perennial animals and
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