FAUNA OF ARABIA 22: 381-434 Date of publication: 18.12.2006
The dusty lacewings (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae) of the Arabian Peninsula
Gyorgy Sziraki and Antonius van Harten
A b s t r act: The descriptions of nine new coniopterygid species (Cryptoscenea styfaris n. sp., Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) pfat yarcus n. sp., C (X) caudata n. sp., C (X) dudichi n. sp., C (X) stylobasalis n. sp., C (X) armata n. sp., C (X) loksai n. sp., C (Coniopteryx) gozmanyi n. sp., Conwentzia obscura n. sp.), and an annotated list of 53 other species of dusty lacewings found in the Arabian Peninsula are given, together with an identification key. Nine described species (Aleuropteryx wawrikae, Coniocompsa smithersi, Nimboa espanoli, N. kasyi, N. ressii, Coniopteryx (X) aegyptiaca, C (X) hastata, C (X) kerzhneri, C (X) mongolica) are also new to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula. Aleuropteryx cruciata Szid.ki, 1990 is regarded as a junior synonym of A. arabica Meinander, 1977, while Helicoconis serrata Meinander, 1979 is transferred to the genus Cryptoscenea. A new informal species-group (the unguihipandriata-group) is proposed within the subgenus Xeroconiopteryx. Coniopteryx (X) martinmeinanderi nom. nov. is pro posed for C (X) forcata Meinander, 1998, which is a junior primary homonym.
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INTRODUCTION
In Meinander's first monograph on the Coniopterygidae (MEINANDER 1972) no data from the Ara bian Peninsula were included, but during the 1970s 14 species were reported (MEINANDER 1977, 1979), some of them newly described. Since then, as a result of the work by SZIRA.KI (1992, 1997), MONSERRAT (1995, 1996) and MEINANDER (1998), this number has greatly increased. At the end of
Authors' addresses: Gyorgy Sziraki, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology, Baross utca 13, 1088 Budapest, Hungary; e-mail: [email protected] Antonius van Harten, UAE Insect Project, P.O. Box 63799, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; e-mail: [email protected] 382 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTE:;! the 1990s, 41 species of dusty lacewings were listed from this area (HOLZEL 1998). In the present paper, a full list of the 62 species (nine of them new to science) now known from the Arabian Peninsula is given, together with a key for the males and with additional data on the basis of the newly examined specimens. Females are mentioned only if they could be identified to species, but the keys to subfamilies and genera are also valid for females.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
All the specimens examined were collected in Yemen, mainly with the help of Malaise traps and light traps which were operated in various parts of the country (Table 1).
Table 1: List, data and description of collecting sites
Locality Alt. fm] Description Coordinates Light trap, placed on the first floor of the regional agricultural office, in the middle of an Al-Kowd 20 agricultural area, where mainly fruit crops (mango, banana, guava), sorghum, cotton, sesame 13°05'N 45°22'E and some vegetables are grown; only a few kilometres from the Indian Ocean Hammam' Ali 1600 Citrus orchard (caught individually) 14°41'N 44°08'E Malaise trap, placed within the compound of the Naser Agricultural College of the Universiry Lahj 100 of Aden, on the southern outskirts of Lahj; compound with stables for farm animals and 13°04'N 44°53'E ornamental trees Mayfa'ah Light trap, placed within the residential compound of a World Bank agricultural project, just 400 14°15'N 47"35'E east of the village of Mayfa' ab, surrounded by agricultural fields Malaise trap and light trap, placed within the compound of thc General Department of Plant Sana'a 2300 Protection (GDPP), town quarter Shaub, almost in the town centre; compound with offices 15°21'N 44°13'E and laboratories surrounded by agricultural fields where cereals and vegetables arc grown Light trap, placed within the AREA experimcntal farm, town quarter Usaifira, on the northern Ta'izz 1400 outskirts of town; farm with permanent fruit crops (citrus, mango) and cultivation of cereals 13°35'N 44°02'E and vegetables
As regards the male terminalia, we follow the terminology used by MEINANDER (1972), with a few changes as indicated in the text. The male terminalia are figured in their entirety and in detail - with the necessary captions - for all the newly described species, but otherwise it is usually only the structures used in the keys that are illustrated. For the wing venation, the generally accepted abbreviations are used in the text and in the figures (Figs 1,15,22,31,48,114). As regards the distribution of the species outside the Arabian Peninsula, data from the papers by MEINANDER (1972,1990), MONsERRAT (1995, 2002), and AspOcK et al. (2001) have been used. All the specimens examined will be deposited in the collection of the Hungarian Natural His tory Museum, Budapest (HNHM). Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 383
IDENTIFICATION KEYS
Key to the subfamilies of Coniopterygidae from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Two radio-medial cross veins in the middle of fore wing; hind wing with Rs branch ing from R very close to the base of wing (Figs 1, 15) Aleuropteryginae One radio-medial cross vein in the middle of fore wing; hind wing with Rs not branching from R very close to the base of wing (Fig. 48) Coniopteryginae
Key to the genera of Aleuropteryginae from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Radial cross vein in hind wing meeting Rs on stem or fork ...... 2 Radial cross vein in hind wing meeting Rs on branch R 2+3 ...... 3 2 Wings very narrow; median setae of fore wing present and arising from large thicken ings (Fig. 15) Coniocompsa Wings more or less broad; median setae of fore wing absent, or present but not aris ing from thickenings (Fig. 1); with a ventral spine on the pedicel of male antennae (Fig. 8) Aleuropteryx 3 Setae present on M in fore wings; M and CUI in the hind wing well separated, and the two veins diverging evenly from each other (Fig. 31) Helicoconis No setae visible on M in fore wings; CUI running for more than half its length so close to M in the hind wing that no membrane is visible between them; distal part of these two veins diverging abruptly from each other (Fig. 22) Cryptoscenea
Key to the Aleuropteryx species from the Arabian Peninsula
1 In male genitalia, the ninth sternite without a widened caudal lobe (Figs 2, 9) ...... 2 In male genitalia, the ninth sternite with a widened caudal lobe (Figs 6, 11) ...... 3 2 With an elongated dorsal plate above the penis (Fig. 10) A. varuanorum With no dorsal plate above the penis A. arabica 3 Caudal lobe of ninth sternite T-shaped (Fig. 6) A. mestrei Caudal lobe of ninth sternite broadly rounded ...... 4 4 Dorsal plate above penis small, and ending in two apophyses (Fig. 5) A. felix Dorsal plate above penis broad (Figs 13-14) A. wawrikae
Key to the Coniocompsa species from the Arabian Peninsula
1 No cross vein Rs-M at the knee of Rs; penis distinctly tapering in both lateral and dorsal views (Figs 18-19) C. smithersi Cross vein Rs-M at the knee of Rs present (Fig. 15); penis in dorsal view bulb-like (Fig. 17) C. arabica 384 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN
Key to the Cryptoscenea species from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Stylus present as a curved tooth, or plate-like with a small curved tooth (Figs 20, 23, 25) 2 Stylus with four projections (Figs 28-29) C. stylaris n. sp. 2 Caudal part of paramere tongue-like (Fig. 21) C. hoelzeli Caudal part of paramere widened in lateral view ...... 3 3 Caudal part of paramere crenulated; penis longer than paramere (Fig. 24) C. ohmi Caudal part of paramere serrated; penis about as long as paramere (Figs 26-27) C. serrata
Key to the Helicoconis species from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Paramere with a strong dorsal projection (Fig. 33) H. beata Paramere without a dorsal projection (Fig. 34) H. iberica
Key to the genera of Coniopteryginae from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Hind wing reduced, fore wing normal (Fig. 224) Conwentzia Both wings normal, or exceptionally both wings shortened ...... 2 2 M of hind wing unforked (Fig. 114) Coniopteryx M of hind wing forked ...... 3 3 Rs of both wings unforked (Fig. 48) Nimboa Rs of both wings forked ...... 4 4 Cross vein M-CUI of both wings oblique, usually meeting posterior branch of M (Fig. 241) Semidalis Cross vein M-CUI in fore wing meeting the longitudinal veins usually at a right an gle, and always on the stem of M (Fig. 234) Hemisemidalis
Key to the Nimboa species from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Wing membrane spotted (Fig. 48) N. marroquina Wing membrane unspotted ...... 2 2 Dorsal arch of parameres absent (Figs 37-38) N. espanoli Dorsal arch of parameres present (Figs 45-46) ...... 3 3 Median incision ofhypandrium very wide and deep (Fig. 51) N. ressli Median incision ofhypandrium small, shallow or absent (Figs 39, 42) ...... 4 4 Fused part of parameres very broad in lateral view (Fig. 58) N. yemenica Fused part of parameres moderately broad or narrow ...... 5 5 Fused part of parameres narrow, in lateral view curved upwards, with a rounded tip (Figs 55-56) N. sumarana Fused part of parameres in lateral view with a pointed caudal edge ...... 6 6 Dorsal arch of parameres prominent (Figs 44-45) N. macroptera Dorsal arch of parameres low (Fig. 40) N. kasyi Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 385
Key to the subgenera of Coniopteryx from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Two arms of gonarcus caudally connected by a distinctly sclerotised band (Fig. 213) Holoconiopteryx Two arms of gonarcus separated ...... 2 2 Styli originating from the apex of gonarcus (Figs 193-194) Coniopteryx Styli originating basally of the apex of gonarcus Xeroconiopteryx
Key to the species of Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Long, well-sclerotised thorn-like or narrowly tongue-like processus lateralis originat- ing from the lower half ofhypandrium; no scale-like hairs on male antennae...... 23 Processus lateralis not thorn-like or narrowly tongue like; scale-like hairs usually present...... 2 2 Processus apicalis of paramere with a dorsal and a pointed ventral branch (Fig. 149) C. (X.) ressli Processus apicalis of paramere without a pointed ventral branch...... 3 3 Penis more than two-thirds as long as paramere ...... 4 Penis not more (usually distinctly less) than two-thirds as long as paramere ...... 5 4 Penis narrow, and curving dorsally (Fig. 88) C. (X.) dentifera Penis in lateral view broad, and curving ventrally (Fig. 76) C. (X) caudata n. sp. 5 Styli (or one of their branches) forming an arch below the parameres...... 6 Styli without an arch below the parameres ...... 22 6 Arch of styli below the parameres broad, with a tapering, forwardly-directed median apophysis (Fig. 168)...... 7 Arch of styli below the parameres without a tapering median apophysis (Fig. 128) (if a median apophysis present, it is knob-like (Fig. 173» ...... 9 7 Hypandrium rather long, with distinct processus terminalis (Figs 163, 165-166) C. (X.) ujhelyii Hypandrium short, without distinct processus terminalis (Figs 182, 184) ...... 8 8 Processus lateralis of hypandrium short but prominent; lateral part of the inner branch of styli very broad; parameres stout (Figs 90, 93) c. (X) deserta Processus lateralis indistinct; lateral part of the inner branch of styli narrow; para meres slender (Figs 182, 185-186) C. (X.) venustula 9 Processus apicalis of paramere forked...... 15 Processus apicalis of paramere unforked ...... 10 10 Gonarcus without internal projection ...... 11 Gonarcus with internal projection...... 12 11 With a low, broadly rounded lobe before the caudal projection of processus apicalis (Fig. 118) C. (X.) ketiae No rounded lobe before the caudal projection of processus apicalis (Fig. 112) C. (X.) kerzhneri 12 Internal projection of gonarcus plate-like (Figs 144, 147) c. (X.) platyarcus n. sp. Internal projection of gonarcus thorn-like...... 13 13 Internal projection of gonarcus subapical (Fig. 135) C. (X.) mucrogonarcuata Internal projection of gonarcus basal...... 14 386 Gy. SZIRAKl & A. VAN HARTEN
14 Internal projection very dose to the gonarcus, consequently the gonarcus appearing to be forked (Figs 99-100) C. (X.) martinmeinanderi Internal projection of gonarcus situated almost medially (Figs 67-68) C. (X.) appendiculata 15 With a collar-like structure connecting the parameres dorsally (Figs 83-84) C. (X.) collaris No collar-like structure dorsally of parameres...... 16 16 The inner (anterior) branch of processus apicalis extremely long (Figs 158-159) C. (X.) stylobasalis n. sp. The inner (anterior) branch of processus apicalis short...... 17 17 The inner branch of processus apicalis lobe-like (Fig. 94) C. (X.) dudichi n. sp. The inner branch of processus apicalis either with two teeth or pointed...... 18 18 The inner branch of processus apicalis with two teeth (Fig. 64) C. (X) aegyptiaca The inner branch of processus apicalis pointed in lateral view...... 19 19 Processus apicalis extremely small (Fig. 127) C. (X.) makarkini Processus apicalis normally developed ...... 20 20 With a special sderite with a serrated caudal edge connected to the styli and para- meres (Fig. 132) C. (X.) mongolica No special sderite connected to the styli and parameres ...... 21 21 Gonarcus very long, paramere with prominent processus ventralis (Figs 169, 172) c. (X.) unguigonarcuata Gonarcus moderately long, paramere without distinct processus ventralis (Figs 187, 191) c. (X.) wittmeri 22 Parameres supported by a U-shaped sderite (Figs 156-157) C. (X) sanana No U-shaped sderite below the parameres (Fig. 143) C. (X) orba 23 Processus lateralis ofhypandrium narrowly tongue-like (Fig. 119) C. (X.) loksai n. sp. Processus lateralis of hypandrium thorn-like...... 24 24 Thorn-like processus lateralis simple (Figs 71, 104)...... 25 Thorn-like processus lateralis hooked or forked (Figs 174, 178) ...... 26 25 Branches of processus apicalis of paramere wide (Figs 71-72) C. (X.) armata n. sp. Branches of processus apicalis of paramere narrow (Fig. 107) c. (X) hastata 26 Processus lateralis forked (Fig. 178) C. (X.) unicef Processus lateralis hooked (Fig. 174) C. (X.) unguihipandriata
Key to the species of Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) from the Arabian Peninsula 1 Hypandrium short (Figs 207, 209). Vertex with three setose areas (Fig. 206) C. (C.) vanharteni Hypandrium long ...... 2 2 Anterior apodeme of hypandrium straight in ventral view; tip of processus apicalis of paramere sharply bent outwards (Figs 199-200) C. (C.) exigua Anterior apodeme ofhypandrium curving backwards; processus apicalis slightly sinu- ous (Figs 195, 197) ...... 3 3 Processus terminalis (in lateral view) hooked, outer branch of stylus without chiti nous spines (Fig. 193) C. (C.) curvicauda Processus terminalis not hooked, outer branch of stylus with chitinous spines (Figs 201-202) C. (C.) gozmanyi n. sp. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 387
Key to the species of Coniopteryx (Holoconiopteryx) from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Processus lateralis ofhypandrium truncate, penis broad (Figs 213,215); male anten nae without scale-like hairs C. (H.) tenuicornis Processus lateralis ofhypandrium rounded, penis slender (Figs 217-218); male anten nae with scale-like hairs C. (H.) turneri
Key to the species of Conwentzia from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Hypandrium with a strong anterior apodeme, and with a narrow membraneous cau dal part. Inner process of ectoproct broad (Figs 221,223) C. obscura n. sp. Hypandrium without an anterior apodeme, and with a wide membraneous caudal part. Inner process of ectoproct narrow (Figs 228-229) C. sabae
Key to species of Hemisemidalis from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Processus terminalis of hypandrium protruding, with a dorsal knob in lateral view, and with a heavily sderotised band in lateral view (Figs 238-239) H. paOida Processus terminalis short or rudimentary ...... 2 2 Processus terminalis short, with a shallow median incision (Fig. 232) H. folvipennis Processus terminalis rudimentary, without a median incision (Fig. 236) H. kasyi
Key to the species of Semidalis from the Arabian Peninsula
1 Hypandrium with two strong, outstanding setae (Figs 244-245) ...... 2 Hypandrium without strong, outstanding setae (only with ordinary hairs or with several rather short setae) ...... 3 2 Processus apicalis of paramere extremely large (Fig. 256) S. tenuipennis Processus apicalis rather narrow, membraneous (Figs 246-247) S. pluriramosa 3 Ventrally of uncini with a heavily sderotised transverse plate (Figs 248, 250-252) S. scotti Ventrally of uncini without a transverse plate (Fig. 243) S. arabica
TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT
Subfamily Aleuropteryginae Genus Aleuropteryx Low, 1885
Aleuropteryx arabica Meinander, 1977 Figs 1-3 Aleuropteryx arabica Meinander, 1977. - Entomologiea Seandinavica 8: 83. Aleuropteryx cruciata Sziraki 1990. - Folia Entomologica Hungariea 51: 117, n. syn. S pee i mens exami ned: Ye men: 10', 2 Sj2Sj2, Ta'izz, light trap, II.1999, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 0', al Kowd, light trap, VII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 50'3,3 Sj2Sj2, same data but VIII. 1999; 20'3, 1 Sj2, same data but IX.1999; 9 0'0', same data but 08-12.VII.2001. 388 Gy. SZIlW
-R2+3
1 2 3
caudal lobe ~
anterior apodeme ~
4 5 6 7 8
9 10
11 12 13 14
Figs 1-14: Species of Aleuropteryx. 1-3: Aleuropteryx arabica. 1: wings, 2: 9th sternite, ventral view (according to the original descrip tion), 3: 9th sternite of the specimen from Tanzania (holotype of A. cruciata), ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1977 (2), and SZIl~AKI 1990 (1, 3). 4-5: Aleuropteryx felix. 4: 9th sternite, ventral view, 5: dorsal plate, dorsal view - specimen from Yemen: Ta'izz. Fig. 4 redrawn from MEINANDER 1977. 6-8: Aleuropteryx mestrei. 6: 9th sternite, ventral view, 7: dorsal plate, dorsal view, 8: basal part of male antenna. Redrawn from MONSERRAT 1996. 9-10: Aleuropteryx vartianorum. 9: 9th sternite, ventral view, 10: dorsal plate, dorsal view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. 11-14: Aleuropteryx wawrikae. 11: 9th sternite, ventral view (according to the original description), 12: 9th sternite of the Yemeni specimen (from A1-Kowd), ventral view, 13: dorsal plate, dorsal view (according to the original description), 14: dorsal plate of the Yemeni specimen, dorsal view. Figs 11 and 13 redrawn from RAUSCH & AsrOcK 1978 a. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 389
D i a g nos is: Small, dark-pigmented species. Fore wing 1.5-1.7 mm, with dark brownish-grey colour, and forked vein CUz. In the male genitalia the ninth sternite has a long, narrow caudal process. Among the specimens examined, there is a series with genital features transitional between A. arabica Meinander, 1977 and A. cruciata Sziraki, 1990 from Tanzania. The sclerotization of the lateral part of the 9th sternite may be rather weak or strong, and the structures between the lateral and caudal parts may be membraneous, slightly or distinctly sclerotised; moreover, this sternite may be rounded or rather acute proximally (Figs 2-3). Consequently, A. cruciata must be regarded as a junior synonym of A. arabica. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman and Tanzania. Other data from the Arabian Peninsula: MEINANDER 1977 (Saudi Arabia), MEINANDER 1979 (Saudi Arabia), SZIRA.KI 1992 (Yem en), MONSERRAT 1996 (Yemen), SZIRA.KI 1997 (Yemen), MEINANDER 1998 (Oman).
Aleuropteryx felix Meinander, 1977 Figs 4-5 Aleuropteryxfelix Meinander, 1977. - Entomologica Scandinavica 8: 8l. S pe ci mens exam i ned: Ye men: 1 0', Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-2.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 0, same data but VIII.1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 1 0, same data but XI.1999. D i ag nos is: A larger, light-pigmented species. Fore wing 2.2-2.7 mm, with yellowish-brown colour, and unforked vein CUz. In the male genitalia the ninth sternite has a broadly rounded cau dallobe, and a small dorsal plate terminating in two apophyses. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen: MEINANDER (1977), MONSERRAT (1996).
Aleuropteryx mestrei Monserrat, 1996 Figs 6-8 Aleuropteryx sp. - MONSERRAT 1995: 112. Aleuropteryx mestrei Monserrat, 1996. - Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria 91: 4. D i a g nos is: A small, light-pigmented species. Fore wing 1.8-1.9 mm, with yellowish-brown colour, and unforked vein CUz. In the male genitalia the ninth sternite has aT-shaped caudal lobe and an elongated dorsal plate terminating in two blunt rods. Distribution: Oman and Yemen: MONSERRAT 1995 (Oman), MONSERRAT 1996 (Oman, Yemen).
Aleuropteryx vartianorum Aspock & Aspock, 1967 Figs 9-10 Aleuropteryx vartianorum Aspock & Aspock, 1967. - Ent. NachrBI. 14: 98. D i a g nos is: A rather small, light-pigmented species. Fore wing 1.5-2.2 mm, with yellowish brown colour, and unforked vein CUz. In the male genitalia the ninth sternite does not have a wid ened caudal lobe, while its elongated dorsal plate terminates in two thin, slightly bent projections. Dis tr i but ion: Saudi Arabia (MEINANDER 1979), Oman (MONSERRAT 1995) and Pakistan.
Aleuropteryx wawrikae Rausch & Aspock, 1978 Figs 11-14 Aleuropteryx wawrikae Rausch & Aspock, 1978. - Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen 27: 12. Sp eci men s exam i ned: Ye men: 2 00', al-Kowd, light trap, IX. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. D i a g nos is: A rather dark-pigmented species. Fore wing of type specimens 2.2-2.4 mm, that of Yemeni specimens 1.5 mm, with greyish-brown colour, and unforked vein CUz. In the male genitalia the ninth sternite has a broadly rounded caudal lobe, and a broad dorsal plate. Remar ks: The validity of this species was considered to be uncertain by MEINANDER (1990), but examination of the present specimens supports its validity. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen and Morocco. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula, and the first record apart from its type locality. 390 Gy. SZII~AKI & A. VAN HARTEN
16 17
""'-:7""i'---- R 4 + 5 ~~~~~------M
18 19
Figs 15-19: Species of Coniocompsa. 15-17: Coniocompsa arabica. 15: wings, 16: penis, lateral view, 17: penis, dorsal view. Redrawn from SZIIW
Genus Coniocompsa Enderlein, 1905
Coniocompsa arabica Sziraki, 1992 Figs 15-17 Coniocompsa arabica Sziraki, 1992. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 38: 90. S P e ci m en s examined: Ye men: 1 0, Ta'izz, light trap, I1.l999, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 0, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.l999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 2 00,1 Coniocompsa smithersi Meinander, 1972 Figs 18-19 Coniocompsa smithersi Meinander, 1972. - Acta Zoologica Fennica 136: 99. Specimens examined: Yemen: 1 0, al-Kowd, light trap, IX. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. D i a g nos is: Head dark brown. Length of fore wing 2.5-3.0 mm. No cross vein Rs-M at the knee of Rs. Slightly forked apex of penis distinctly tapering in lateral view and also in dorsal view. Remar ks: Recently, MONSERRAT (2002) has synonymised C. smithersi with C. silvestriana Enderlein, 1914. However, because of the different shape of the penis, we are not convinced that the specimen of C. silvestriana figured by MEINANDER (1975), and the specimen which was drawn in the original description of C. smithersi (MEINANDER 1972), belong to the same species. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, East and South Mrica and Equatorial Guinea. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula, and first record outside Mrica. Genus Cryptoscenea Enderlein, 1914 Cryptoscenea hoelzeli Sziraki, 1997 Figs 20-21 Cryptoscenea hoelzeli Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 272. S p e c i men sex am i ned: Ye men: 1 0, Sana'a, light trap, 3.IV.1999, A. van Harten; 200, same data but l.VI- 1O.VI1.l999. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 391 21 24 25 26 27 Figs 20-27: Species of Cryptoscenea. 20-21: Cryptoscenea hoe/zeli. 20: ectoproct, stylus and coxopodite, lateral view, 21: penis and paramere, lateral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997.22-24: Cryptoscenea ohmi. 22: hind wing - specimen from Yemen: Sanaa, 23: ectoproct, stylus and coxopodite, lateral view, 24: penis and paramere, lateral view. Figs 23-24 redrawn from SZIl~AKI 1997. 25-27: Cryptoscenea serrata. 25: ectoproct, stylus and coxopodite, lateral view, 26: paramere, lateral view, 27: penis, lateral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1979. D i a g nos is: Length of fore wing 2.4 mm. Both wing pairs 2.5 times as long as wide. Caudal part of paramere tongue-like and blunt in lateral view. Stylus simple, sinuous. Penis about as long as parameres. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen. Cryptoscenea ohmi Sziraki, 1997 Figs 22-24 Cryptoscenea ohmi Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 275. S P e c i men sex ami ned: Ye men: 1 J, 3 ~ ~, surroundings of Sana a, pitfall traps, 3.IY.1998, A. van Harten. D i a g nos is: Length of fore wing 2.3 mm. Both wing pairs about three times as long as wide. Coxopodite large. Caudal part of paramere in lateral view widened and with crenulated caudal edge. Stylus simple, prominent, curved inwards. Penis distinctly longer than paramere. Additional descriptive features of this species: There was no previous information on the col our of this species as the holotype, the single known specimen until now, had lost its colour before examination. The present specimen has the head capsule, antennae, palpi and legs light brown, and wing membrane light yellowish-brown. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen. 392 Gy. SZIRA.KI & A. VAN HARTEN 50IJm stylus transverse plate -7---'--'--1'----"':" projections: coxopodite -+'-;-..,.-'---';'~ penis coxopodite transverse 28 29 plate 30 Figs 28-30: Cryptoscenea stylaris n. sp. - holotype. 28: male genitalia, ventral view, 29: male genitalia, without penis and paramere, lateral view, 30: penis and paramere, lateral view. Cryptoscenea serrata (Meinander, 1979), new comb. Figs 25-27 Helicoconis (Fontenellea) serrata Meinander, 1979. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 334. Spec ime ns exam i ned: Ye men: 3 C;C;, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 3 C;C;, same data but VlII.1999. D i a g nos is: Length of fore wing 2.3 mm. Both wing pairs 2.7 times as long as wide. Cox opodite short. Caudal part of paramere in lateral view widened and with a serrated and ventrally hooked caudal edge. Stylus plate-like with a small curved tooth. Penis about as long as parameres. This species belongs to the genus Cryptoscenea because of the following features: setae on vein M of the fore wing absent; in the hind wing, vein CUI running for more than half its length so close to M that no mem brane is visible between these veins; Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 393 M , + 2 ------!OX Cu, 31 33 ~~ C/~ 34 35 Figs 31-35: Species of Helicoconis (E) sp. 31-33: Helicoconis (E) beata. 31: hind wing - specimen from Yemen: Al-Kowd, 32: 8th and 9th abdominal segment, lateral view, 33: penis and paramere, lateral view. Figs 32-33 redrawn from SZIl~AKl 1997.34-35: Heli coconis (E) iberica 34: penis and paramere, lateral view, 35: penis, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. long fringes present on the hind margin of the hind wing; no ventral process on male ectoproct. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia (MEINANDER 1979); new to Yemen. Cryptoscenea stylaris n. sp. Figs 28-30 Hoi 0 typ e: (5, Yemen, Sanaa, light trap, l.VI-1O.VII.1999, A. van Harten, HNHM. D i a g nos is: Length of fore wing 2.0 mm, of hind wing 1.8 mm. Both wings are narrow: about three times as long as wide. Coxopodites short, subtriangular. Paramere rather strong, in lateral view its caudal end forked, and bent downwards. Stylus with a dorsal, a caudal, a lateral and a basal projection. Des c rip t ion: With a large unsclerotised area on the frons. Maxillary palpi slender. Col our of the head capsule dark brown, antennae, palpi, thorax and legs medium brown. Eyes rather small, black. Antennae 1.0 mm, 23-segmented. Scape and pedicel about 1.8 times as long as broad, median flagellar segments 1.5 times as long as broad. Hairs situated irregularly on the flag ellar segments. Both wings narrow: about three times as long as wide. In the hind wing, vein CUI running for more than half of its length so close to M that no membrane is visible between them, and at one point they diverge abruptly. Fringes short on the fore wing and near to the apex of the hind wing, but long on the hind margin of the hind wings. Wing membrane hyaline. Length of fore wing 2.0 mm, of hind wing 1.8 mm. Male genitalia as in Figs 28-30. Ninth tergite and sternite well sclerotised. Border between ninth and tenth tergites indistinct. Ectoproct without ventral process. Coxopodites short, sub triangular, broad basally, rounded caudally. Ninth tergite and sternite strengthened by a strong apodeme anteriorly, which in the case of the sternite continues as a chitinised median projection caudally. Tip of this projection connected to a triangular transverse plate situated below the para meres. The structure of the stylus is entirely unusual: it has a dorsal, a caudal, a lateral and a basal projection. The latter is connected to the above-mentioned transverse plate, the dorsal projection is rather small, apically heavily sclerotised and slightly serrated, while the caudal projection is large 394 Gy. SZIIW Genus Helicoconis Enderlein, 1905 Subgenus Fontenellea Carpentier & Lestage, 1928 Helicoconis (Fontenellea) beata Szidki, 1997 Figs 31-33 Helicoconis (Fontenellea) beata Szidki, 1997. -Acta ZoologicaAcademiae Scientiatum Hungaricae 43: 275. S P e c i men s exam i ned: Ye men: 1 0", al-Kowd, light trap, IX. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. D i a g nos is: Head distinctly sclerotised between antennae. Length of fore wing 2.7 mm. Both wings about 2.5 times as long as wide. Paramere with a strong dorsal projection. Distri bution: Known only from Yemen. Helicoconis (Fontenellea) iberica Ohm, 1965 Figs 34-35 Helicoconis (Fontenellea) iberica Ohm, 1965. - Ergebn. wiss. Unters. Schweiz. NatPark. 10: 198. D i a g nos is: Head with a weakly sclerotised spot within the unsclerotised area between an tennae. Length of fore wing 2.7-2.8 mm. Paramere without a dorsal projection. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Spain and Yemen (MEINANDER 1977). Subfamily Coniopteryginae Genus Nimboa Navas, 1915 Nimboa espanoli Ohm, 1973 Figs 36-38 Nimboa sp.1. - MEINANDER 1972: 189. Nimboa espanoli Ohm, 1973. - Reichenbachia 14: 237. S P e ci me n s exam ined: Ye men: 1 0", Ta'izz, light trap, 3-24.I.1999, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane unspotted. Length of fore wing 2.2-2.5 mm. Caudal edge of hypandrium with a small median incision. Fused caudal part of paramere long, narrow, its tip rounded. Dorsal arch of paramere absent. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, Canary Islands, Mali, Morocco, Nigeria, South Mrica, Spain. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula. Nimboa kasyi Rausch & Aspock, 1978 Figs 39-41 Nimboa kasyi Rausch & Aspock, 1978. - Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen 30: 13. Specimens examined: Yemen: 1 0", Ta'izz, light trap, 22-24.VIII.1998, A. van Hatten &A. Awad; 1 0'; al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A. van Hatten & S. Al-Haturi. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane unspotted. Length of fore wing 3.1 mm. Caudal part of hyp andrium with a wide, shallow incision. Fused caudal part of paramere rather short, in lateral view pointed, in dorsal view broadly truncated. Dorsal arch of paramere low. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 395 36 37 38 caudal edge 39 40 41 median incision 42 43 44 dor~ ~ 45 46 47 Figs 36-47: Species of Nimboa. 36-38: Nimboa espano/i. 36: hypandrium, ventral view, 37: paramere, lateral view, 38: paramere, ventral view. Redrawn from OHM 1973 (36) and MEINANDER 1972 (37, 38). 39-41: Nimboa kdSJi. 39: hypandrium, ventral view, 40: paramere, lateral view, 41: paramere, ventral view. Redrawn from RAUSCH & AsPOCK 1978 c. 42-47: Nimboa macroptera. 42: hypandrium, ventral view, 43: hypandrium of a specimen described as N. vartianorum, ventral view, 44: paramere, lateral view, 45: paramere of a specimen described as N. vartianorum, lateral view, 46: paramere, dorsal view, 47: paramere of a specimen described as Nimboa vartianorum, ventral view. Redrawn from AsPOCK & AsPOCK 1965 (42-43) and MEINANDER 1972 (44-47). Distribution: Yemen and Turkey (Anatolia). New to the fauna of Arabian Peninsula, and the first record apart from the type locality. Nimboa macroptera Aspock & Aspock, 1965 Figs 42-47 Nimboa macroptera Aspock & Aspock, 1965. - Ent. NachrBI. 12: 18. Nimboa vartianorum Aspock & Aspock, 1965. - Ent. NachrBI. 12: 18. Nimboa halfae Meinander, 1965. - Notulae Entomologicae 45: 65. Spec i men s exam i ned: Ye men: 1 (5, al-Kowd, light trap, VIII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 5 (5(5, same data but IX. 1999; 1 (5, Ta'izz, light trap, VIII.1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane unspotted. Length of fore wing 1.6-3.5 mm. Caudal edge of hypandrium with a shallow, often indistinct incision. Fused caudal part of paramere moderately long, narrow, its caudal end narrowly truncate or moderately pointed in dorsal view, distinctly pointed in lateral view. Dorsal arch of paramere prominent. 396 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 50 median incision 51 52 53 anterior . -apodeme 54 55 56 /';.,-, .. ~---.. -' "" 57 58 59 Figs 48-59: Species of Nimboa. 48-50: Nimboa marroquina. 48: wings, 49: paramere, lateral view, 50: paramere, ventral view. Redrawn from MONSERRAT 1985 a. 51-53: Nimboa ressli. 51: hypandrium, ventral view, 52: paramere, lateral view, 53: paramere, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. 54-56: Nimboa sumarana. 54: hypandrium, ventral view, 55: paramere, lateral view, 56: paramere, ventral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. 57-59: Nimboa yemenica. 57: hypandrium, ventral view - specimen from Yemen: Al-Kowd, 58: paramere, lateral view, 59: paramere, dorsal view. Figs 58-59 redrawn from MONSERRAT 1996. Remar ks: The length of the fore wing in the present material was 1.6-1.9 mm. At the same time, the features of the male genitalia varied from almost typical N macroptera to different kinds of "transitional" forms and to entirely typical N vartianorum sensu Aspock & Aspock 1965 b. Consequently, Nimboa vartianorum Aspock & Aspock, 1965 is correctly regarded as a junior syno nym of N macroptera, as was proposed by MONSERRAT (1995). Distribution: Saudi Arabia (MEINANDER 1979), Oman (MONSERRAT 2002), Yemen, M ganistan, Iran, Egypt, Sudan, Lebanon, Canary Islands, Greece (Crete). New to Yemen. Nimboa marroquina Monserrat, 1985 Figs 48-50 Nimboa marroquina Monserrat, 1985. - Mediteminea, Serie de Estudios Biologicos 8: 76. Nimboa maroquina. -AsPOCK & HOLZEL 1996: 48 (lapsus calami). - HOLzEL 1998: l32 (lapsus calami). Specimens examined: Yemen: 1 CS, al-Kowd, light trap, VIII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 1 CS, Lahj, Ma laise trap, IX.1999, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 1 CS, Ta'izz, light trap, 3-24.1.1999, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 397 D i a g nos is: Wing membrane spotted. Length of fore wing 2.2 mm. Caudal edge of hyp andrium with a shallow incision. Fused caudal part of paramere very wide, in ventral view bilobed, its dorsal arch prominent. Dis tr i but ion: Yemen (also SZIl~AKI 1997), Morocco, South Mrica, Mozambique. Nimboa ressli Aspock & Aspock, 1965 Figs 51-53 Nimboa ressli Aspock & Aspock, 1965. - Ent. NachrB!. 12: 19. S P e ci men s exam i ned: Ye men: 1 0, Mayfaah, light trap, 26-28.Y.1998, A. van Harten & M. Afi£ D i a g nos is: Wing membrane unspotted. Length of fore wing 2.3-2.4 mm. Caudal edge of hypandrium with a large, deep incision. Fused caudal part of paramere short, its caudal tip point ed. Dorsal arch of paramere low. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, Turkey (Anatolia), Palestine, Lebanon. New to the fauna of Arabian Peninsula. Nimboa sumarana Sziraki, 1997 Figs 54-56 Nimboa sumarana Szir:iki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 277. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane unspotted. Length of fore wing 2.3 mm. Caudal part of hyp andrium broad, rounded, without any incision. Fused caudal part of paramere narrow in dorsal view, broad with a rounded tip in lateral view. Dorsal arch of paramere small. Distri bution: Only known from Yemen. Nimboa yemenica Monserrat, 1996 Figs 57-59 Nimboa yemenica Monserrat, 1996. - Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria 91: 7. S p e ci men s exam i n ed: Ye men: 1 0, 2 ~~, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.l999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 200, same data but VIII. 1999; 2 00, same data but IX.1999. Diagnosis: Wing membrane unspotted. Length of fore wing 1.8 mm. Caudal part ofhyp andrium short, rather weakly sclerotised, without a distinct incision. Fused caudal part of paramere short, pointed. Dorsal arch of paramere large, in lateral view prominent. Distribution: Known only from Yemen. Genus Coniopteryx Curtis, 1834 Subgenus Xeroconiopteryx Meinander, 1972 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) aegyptiaca Withycombe, 1924 Figs 60-65 Coniopteryx aegyptiaca Withycombe, 1924. - Bul!. Soc. ent. Egypte 16: 146. S P e c i men sex ami ned: Ye men: 1 0, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.l999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 2.0-2.7 mm. Gonarcus short. Processus lateralis, processus terminalis and its median incision small. Styli unforked, band-like below the parameres. Inner branch of the forked processus apicalis with two teeth. Rem ark s: The single specimen in the present material is a male with obviously aberrant, asymmetrical hypandrium and stylus, but with typical paramere, penis and antennae. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, Egypt, Morocco. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula, and the first record outside North Africa. 398 Gy. SZIRAKl & A. VAN HARTEN --=::::=~:O>,...- ...... ______:: ~ --=--~; .. "I' 63 60 61 64 65 50~m 66 67 68 69 70 Figs 60-70: Species of Coniopteryx. 60-65: Coniopteryx (X) aegyptiaca. 60: a median flagellar segment of male, 61: gonarcus, hyp andrium and stylus, lateral view, 62: gonarcus, caudal view, 63: hypandrium, ventral view, 64: paramere, lateral view, 65: male in ternal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. 66-70: Coniopteryx (X) appendiculata. 66: hypandrium, ventral view - specimen from Yemen: Ta'izz. 67: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 68: gonarcus, caudal view, 69: paramere, lateral view, 70: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Figs 67-70 redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) appendiculata Sziraki, 1997 Figs 66-70 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) appendiculata Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 281. S pee i men sex ami ned: Ye men: 1 c3', Ta'izz, light trap, 3-24.I.1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 1 c3', same data but VII1.1999, A. van Harten &A. Awad. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs present on whole surface of pedicel and first flagellar segments, and in a thick apical whorl on other flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane hya line. Length of fore wing 1.8 mm. Gonarcus extremely long, bent downwards, and with a strong, straight internal projection. Ventral part of processus lateralis forming a long, narrow lobe. Pro- Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 399 cessus terminalis distinct, rounded caudally, with a shallow, V-shaped median incision (Fig. 66). Styli forked, the inner branch forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere strong, with a thin basal duplication medially. Rem ark s: The deep median incision of the processus terminalis in the original description (SzrRAKI 1997: Fig. 21) is an artefact because this part of the male genitalia in the holotype (hith erto the only known specimen) is extremely weakly sclerotised. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) armata n. sp. Figs 71-75 Hoi 0 t y p e: 0', Ye ill en, Ta'izz, light trap, VIII. 1999 , A. van Harten & A. Awad, HNHM. D i a g nos is: No scale-like hairs on flagellar segments of male antennae. Length of fore wing 1.7 mm, of hind wing 1.5 mm. Processus lateralis of hypandrium with a large thorn, slightly curved in lateral view. Processus terminalis distinct but short. Anterior apodeme of hypandrium ventrally complete. Processus apicalis of paramere very wide, forked, with pointed dorsal and ven tral branches. Des c rip t ion: Head capsule and palpi light brown, their structure normal. Eyes large, black. Antennae light brown, apical part broken, remaining parts 19- and 27-segmented. Scape and pedicel about 1.5 times as long as broad, median flagellar segments 1.5 times as broad as long. Ordinary hairs in two whorls on flagellar segments. Moderately long setae present. Scale-like hairs absent. Thorax light brown with darker shoulder spots. Legs and wing membrane also light brown. Length of fore wing 1.7 mm, of hind wing 1.5 mm. Male genitalia as in Figs 71-75. Hypandrium in lateral view slightly broader than long. Apo deme along anterior margin of hypandrium ventrally complete, but rather indistinct along its dorsal edge. Processus lateralis consisting of a small, caudally-situated lobe, and a large, pointed thorn which is slightly curved in lateral view and is connected to the above-mentioned lobe by a caudal apophysis. Processus terminalis rather short, but distinct, with a V-shaped median incision. Gonarcus with a haired dorsal part, and with a wide ventral apodeme to which a heavily sclerotised caudal projection is connected. Between the two arms of the gonarcus there is a haired plate (prob able tenth sternite), while caudally of the gonarcus there appears to be a membraneous structure in lateral view. Styli forming a band below the parameres, and with a pair of anterior lobes laterally. The large, bent paramere has a distinct processus ventralis and a very wide, forked processus apica lis with pointed dorsal and ventral branches. Penis consisting of two thin sclerotised rods, bent in lateral view. Re mar ks: Because of the thorn-like part of the processus lateralis of the hypandrium with a caudal apophysis, the forked processus apicalis of the paramere with pointed dorsal and ventral branches and the absence of scale-like hairs on the flagellar segments of the antennae, the new species is close to C. (X.) hastata Meinander, 1997 and C. (X.) unicifMonserrat, 1996. The main distinctive features of Coniopteryx (X.) armata are: the very wide processus apicalis of the paramere, which resembles that of C unicifbut differs sharply from that of C. hastata; the shape of the thorn-like part on the processus lateralis of the hypandrium; the short but distinct processus terminalis of the hypandrium; the ventrally complete anterior apodeme of the hypandrium, which is similar to that of C hastata but differs from that of C. unicef Etymology: The specific name refers to the thorn-like part of the processus lateralis of the hypandrium in the male genitalia. 400 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 50 ~m I I ~:....----thorn-like part of processus lateralis ------paramere ------ penis 71 72 paramere ++-'if',#-"-;-;~ processus lateralis ~~:;::.-:='!: of hypandrium caudal apophysis of thorn-like part of processus lateralis 74 Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 401 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) caudata n. sp. Figs 76-79 H 0 lot y p e: 6, Ye men, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub, HNHM. D i a g nos is: Length of fore wing 1.5 mm, of hind wing 1.3 mm. Scale-like hairs covering a large part of the pedicel, and in two whorls on the flagellar segments. Anterior apodeme of hyp andrium ventrally complete. Outer part of the forked processus apicalis of the paramere thorn-like, inner one forming a lobe. Penis sclerite single and extraordinarily large. Des c rip t ion: Head capsule and palpi dark brown, their structure normal. Eyes rather small, black. Antennae dark brown; the tips broken, the remaining parts 20- and 24-segmented. Scape somewhat longer than broad, pedicel 1.5 times as long as broad. Basal flagellar segments broader than long, median flagellar segments about as long as broad. Ordinary hairs irregularly present on the scape, pedicel and first flagellar segments, but arranged in two whorls on the other segments. Setae present, but relatively small. Scale-like hairs covering a large part of the pedicel, and arranged in two whorls on the flagellar segments. Thorax and legs dark brown, wing mem brane light fuscous. Length of fore wing 1.5 mm, of hind wing 1.3 mm. Male genitalia as in figures 76-79. Hypandrium very short; in lateral view about four times as high as broad. Apodeme along its anterior margin ventrally complete but narrow. Processus ter minalis and processus lateralis indistinct. Gonarcus broad and short with a short and stout caudal projection. Styli forming a rather wide arch below the parameres, bordered by a membrane cau dally. Paramere moderately long, without a distinct processus ventralis but with a forked processus apicalis. Outer part of the latter process thorn-like, the inner one forming a lobe. The tail-like penis extraordinarily large, caudally curving down, a slightly forked single sclerite. It is covered by a transparent structure connecting to the stylus, and its heavily sclerotised part is pointed. Remarks: Because of the two whorls of scale-like hairs on the flagellar segments of the male antennae, the new species belongs to the Coniopteryx (X) aegyptiaca Withycombe, 1924 species group (sensu MEINANDER 1972), and because of the similar structure of male genitalia it is dose to C (X) wittmeri Meinander, 1979. The main distinctive features of Coniopteryx (X) caudata n. sp. are: the forked processus apicalis of paramere, in which the outer branch is long and thorn-like (in C wittmeri the inner branch is long); the single penis sclerite; the ventrally complete anterior apodeme of the hypandrium. Etymology: The specific name refers to the extraordinarily large, tail-like penis of the male genitalia. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) collaris Sziniki, 1997 Figs 80-84 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) collaris Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 281. Specimens examined: Yemen: 2766, Mayfa'ah, light trap, 26-28.Y.1998, A. van Harten & M.Afif; 3366, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 3666, same data but VIII. 1999; 41 66, same data but IX.1999; 5066, same data but 8-12.VII.2001. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in an apical whorl on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane hyaline, or light brown. Length of fore wing 1.5-1.8 mm. Gonarcus short but broad, and with a strong, curved internal projection. Large part of processus lateralis indistinct. Processus terminalis rounded caudally, with a shallow median incision. Styli with stronger ventral and weaker Figs 71-75: Coniopteryx (X) armata n. sp. - holotype. 71: male genitalia, lateral view, 72: male internal genitalia, lateral view, 73: hypandrium, ventral view, 74: male internal genitalia, ventral view, 75: male genitalia, caudal view. 402 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 50IJm 76 77 -+,---;-''''''':'';'--++-...,.-,+- paramere ;:;tY;'~'--+-;"":-'i--- caudal projection of gonarcus 1::i4t---f'--i--'i-- stylus ~"::':---f---,';;:---- penis "1... 1------hypandrium 78 79 Figs 76-79: Coniopteryx (X.) caudata n. sp. - holotype. 76: male genitalia, lateral view, 77: hypandrium, ventral view, 78: male internal genitalia, ventral view, 79: male genitalia, caudal view. dorsal branch; the ventral one forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere with two dorsal projections, and with a curious collar-like structure. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) dentifera Meinander, 1983 Figs 85-89 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) dentifera Meinander, 1983. - Annals of the Natal Museum 25: 482. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 403 81 80 83 84 86 87 85 88 89 91 90 93 Figs 80-93: Species of Coniopteryx. 80-84: Coniopteryx (X) collaris. 80: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 81: gonarcus, caudal view, 82: hypandrium, ventral view, 83: paramere and penis, lateral view, 84: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from SZIIv\.KI 1997.85-89: Coniopteryx (X) dentiftra. 85: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 86: gonarcus, caudal view, 87: hypandrium, ventral view, 88: male internal genitalia, lateral view, 89: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1983. 90-93: Coniopteryx (X) deserta. 90: male genitalia, lateral view, 91: gonarcus, caudal view, 92: hypandrium, ven tral view, 93: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1979. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light greyish. Length of fore wing 2.0 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, sub triangular, with a subapical internal tooth. Ventral part of processus lateralis forming a long, rather wide 404 Gy. SZIRAKI & A VAN HARTEN lobe. Processus terminalis rounded, with a small tooth inside of the small median incision. Styli unforked, forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere forked. Penis very long, curved. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, Oman, Egypt, South Africa. Data from the Arabian Peninsula: MONSERRAT 1995 (Yemen, Oman), 1996 (Yemen). Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) deserta Meinander, 1979 Figs 90-93 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) deserta Meinander, 1979. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 337. S P ecime ns exam i n ed: Ye men: 1 6, Sana'a, light trap, Y.1999, A. van Harten; 1 6, al-Kowd, light trap, VII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 266, same data but IX.1999; 366, Ta'izz, light trap, 26-28.VII.1999, A. van Harten & A Awad. D i a g nos is: The presence of scale-like hairs is variable: they may be absent (as in the original description) or present in two whorls on the flagellar segments of male antennae (as in the present specimens). However, in latter case they are rather long, extremely narrow, moderately bent (not close to the surface of flagellomeres, and consequendy lying almost parallel to the ordinary hairs), and rather sparsely situated in the whorls. Wing membrane light greyish. Length of fore wing 1.6-1.8 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, subtriangular. Hypandrium very short. Ventral part of processus lateralis prominent but short. Processus terminalis absent. Styli forked; outer branch represented by a small acute projection, inner branch very broad and forming an arch below the parameres, with a short median apophysis. Processus apicalis of the stout paramere forked, with a moderately long, tooth-like inner branch. Rem ark s: C. deserta was synonymised with C. venustula Rausch & Asp6ck, 1978 by MON SERRAT (1996) but, because of the features of male antennae and genitalia described above, we believe it to be a valid species. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Other data from the Arabian Peninsula: MEINANDER 1979 (Saudi Arabia), SZIRAKI 1992 (Yemen). Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) dudichi n. sp. Figs 94-98 H 0 10 typ e: 6, Ye men, al-Kowd, light trap, 8-12.VII.2001, A van Harten & S. Al-Haruri, HNHM. - Para typ e: 1 6, same data as holotype, HNHM. Diagnosis: Length of fore wing 1.5 mm, of hind wing 1.3-1.4 mm. Scale-like hairs on a large part of the pedicel, and in two whorls on flagellar segments. Processus terminalis of hyp andrium without a median incision, processus lateralis weakly sclerotised. Gonarcus with a moder ately pointed internal projection, and caudal part of this organ with a small apical lobe. Paramere with a forked processus apicalis. Des c rip t ion: Frons and palpi normal. Head capsule dark brown. Eyes moderately large, black. Antennae 0.9 mm, 24-segmented, dark brown. Scape and pedicel about 1.5 times as long as broad. Median flagellar segments 1.3 times as broad as long. Ordinary hairs situated irregularly on the pedicel, and in two more or less irregular whorls on the flagellar segments. Rather short setae present on flagellar segments. Scale-like hairs on a large part of the surface of pedicel and in two whorls on flagellar segments, of which the apical one is thick while the basal one is weak and irregular. Thorax, legs and wing membrane light brown. Shoulder spot dark brown. Length of fore wing 1.5 mm, of hind wing 1.3-1.4 mm. Male genitalia as in Figs 94-98. Hypandrium in lateral view about as high as broad. Apodeme ventrally complete along its anterior margin. Processus terminalis rounded, without a distinct me dian apical incision. Processus lateralis weakly sclerotised and continuing as a membraneous internal projection. Gonarcus long with a broad ventral apodeme, ending in a small, rounded hyaline lobe, Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 405 50 ~m 96 97 Figs 94-98: Coniopteryx (X) dudichi n. sp. - holotype. 94: male genitalia, lateral view, 95: hypandrium, ventral view, 96: male internal genitalia, ventral view. 97: caudal part and internal projection of gonarcus, ventral view, 98: dorsal part of male genitalia, caudal view. and with a plate-like internal projection that is triangular in ventral view. Between these projections there is a moderately chitinised protuberance (probable the tenth sternite). Parameres stout, in lat eral view curved. Processus apicalis forked; its caudal projection is a moderately long, pointed and 406 Gy. SZIlW 100 99 102 103 106 104 105 107 108 Figs 99-108: Species of Coniopteryx. 99-103: Coniopteryx (X.) martinmeinanderi. 99: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 100: gonarcus, caudal view, 101: hypandrium, ventral view, 102: paramere and penis, lateral view, 103: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1998. 104-108: Coniopteryx (X.) hastata. 104: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 105: gonarcus and hypandrium, caudal view, 106: hypandrium, ventral view, 107: paramere and penis, lateral view, 108: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1998. forwardly curving thorn. Before this projection there is a distinct, blunt dorsal lobe. In addition, the caudal part of the paramere also has a rather weakly sclerotised internal lobe which has a very narrow connection with the median arch of the styli. Lateral parts of the styli moderately broad, their wide ventral part forming an arch below the parameres. Penis consisting of two well sclerotised sclerites that are rather broad in lateral view, and with a thin, outwardly curving caudal part. Remarks: Because of the structure of the hypandrium and gonarcus, as well as the position of scale-like hairs on the flagellar segments, C (X) dudichi is close to C (X) platyarcus. The main distinctive features of the new species are: the curved parameres with a distinctly forked processus apicalis; the caudal process of gonarcus with a small transparent apical lobe; in ventral view, the internal projection of gonarcus moderately pointed. Etymology: We dedicate this species to the late Dr. Endre Dudich, professor in the Depart ment of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography of the E6tv6s Lorand University, Budapest, from 1934 to 1965. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 407 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) martinmeinanderi nom. nov. Figs 99-103 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) forcata Meinander, 1998. - Journal of Neuropterology 1: 25; junior primary homonym of Coniopteryx (Scotoconiopteryx) forcata Meinander, 1983. Specimens examined: Yemen: 10, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-2.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 10, same data but 1-3.IY.1998, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 3 00, same data but 3-24.I.l999, A. van Harten & MM; 10, same data but 26-28.VII.l999, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 200, same data but IX.1999; 200, same data but X.1999; 400, same data but XI.1999; 1 0, Mayfa'ah, light trap, 26-28.Y.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mif; 3 00, Lahj, Malaise trap, VlII.1998, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 1 0, same data but Y.1999; 10, same data but VlII.1999; 500, al-Kowd, light trap, VlI.l999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 4 00, same data but VlII.1999; 1 0, same data but IX. 1999; 4 00, same data but 8-12.VlI.2001. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in an apical whorl on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light fuscous. Length of fore wing 2.0-2.2 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, rather nar row, bifurcate. Processus lateralis indistinct. Processus terminalis and median incision absent. Styli unforked, forming an arch below the parameres. Dorsally directed processus apicalis of paramere strong, unforked. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Palestine, Yemen. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) hastata Meinander, 1998 Figs 104-108 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) hastata Meinander, 1998. - Journal of Neuropterology 1: 26. Specimens examined: Yemen: 1 0, al-Kowd, light trap, IX. 1999, A. van Harten & S.Al-Haruri. Diagnosis: No scale-like hairs on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane fuscous. Length of fore wing 1.9 mm. Gonarcus basally broad, with a finger-like ventro-caudal projection, and a wart-like internal projection. Processus lateralis represented by a long, straight thorn, which is supported ventrally by a branched apophysis. Processus terminalis rather indistinct, with a very small median incision. Styli unforked, band-like below the parameres. Processus apica lis of paramere forked, with very narrow branches. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Iran, Yemen. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) kerzhneri Meinander, 1971 Figs 109-113 Coniopteryx (Aspoeckiana) kerzhneri Meinander, 1971. - Notulae Entomologicae 51: 42. S p e c i men s exam i ned: Ye men: 700, Lahj, Malaise trap, Vl-VII.1998, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 4000, al-Kowd, light trap, Vl.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 200, same data but VlII.l999; 2500, same data but IX.1999; 2700, same data but 8-12.VlI.2001; 1000, Ta'izz, light trap, VlII.1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad. D i a g nos is: Eyes extraordinarily large. Scale-like hairs in two whorls on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light greyish-brown. Length of fore wing 1.8-2.1 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, plate-like, in caudal view subtriangular. Processus lateralis prominent. Processus terminalis well-developed, rounded; its median incision small. Styli unforked, band-like below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere unforked. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Spain, Egypt, Algeria. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ketiae Monserrat, 1985 Figs 114-118 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ketiae Monserrat, 1985. - Boletln de la Asociaci6n Espanola de Entomologia 9: 134. S p eci me ns exami ned: Ye men: 11 00, Sana'a, light trap, 3.IY.1999, A. van Harten; 1200, same data but 1.Vl- 1O.VlI.l 999; 1700, al-Kowd, light trap, VII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 1300, same data but VlII.1999; 21 00, same data but IX. 1999; 11 00, 8-12.VlI.2001. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in an apical whorl on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light greyish-brown. Length of fore wing 1.9-2.4 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, sub triangular. Processus lateralis rather indistinct, but connected to the rather distinctly sclerotised in ternal projection ofhypandrium, which is usually clearly visible in ventral or caudal view. Processus 408 Gy. SZIRA.KI & A. VAN HARTEN 110 109 112 113 117 t 114 M 115 116 118 Figs 109-118: Species of Coniopteryx. 109-113: Coniopteryx (X) kerzhneri. 109: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 110: gonarcus, caudal view, 111: hypandrium, ventral view, 112: paramere and penis, lateral view, 113: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972.114-118: Coniopteryx (X) ketiae. 114: wings, 115: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 116: gonarcus and hypandrium, caudal view, 117: hypandrium, ventral view, 118: paramere and penis, lateral view. Redrawn from MONSERRAT 1985 b. terminalis small, without median incision. Styli unforked, band-like below parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere unforked, but with a small, rounded lobe before the base of its hooked tip. Distribution: Spain, Yemen (also SZIRAKI 1997). Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) loksai n. sp. Figs 119-123 Holo t y p e: 0, Ye men, al-Kowd, light trap, VII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri, HNHM. D i a g nos is: No scale-like hairs on flagellar segments of male antennae. Length of fore wing 1.5 mm, of hind wing 1.4 mm. Processus lateral is ofhypandrium tongue-like, with indistinct dor sal edge. Ventral apodeme of gonarcus with a pointed ventral thorn. Processus apicalis of paramere in ventral view turning outwards at a right angle, and with a pyriform lateral part ending in a long, pointed dorsal projection. Des c rip t ion: Occiput pale ochreous, other parts of head capsule dark brown, palpi light brown. Structure of frons and palpi normal. Eyes moderately large, black. Antennae 1.1 mm, 28- segmented, light brown. Scape 1.2 times, pedicel 1.5 times as long as broad. Median flagellar seg ments about as long as broad. Ordinary hairs in two whorls on flagellar segments. Setae present, scale-like hairs absent. Thorax pale ochreous with dark brown shoulder spots. Legs and wing mem brane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.5 mm, of hind wing 1.4 mm. Male genitalia as in Figs 119-123. Hypandrium in lateral view slightly higher than broad. Apodeme along its anterior margin ventrally complete, with median branch directed caudally. Dorsal apodeme of hypandrium distinct. Processus terminalis short, rounded, with small median Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 409 50IJm I I 120 119 121 122 123 Figs 119-123: Coniopteryx (X) loksai n. sp. - holotype. 119: male genitalia, lateral view, 120: male internal genitalia, lateral view, 121: hypandrium, ventral view, 122: male internal genitalia, ventral view, 123: male genitalia, caudal view. inclSlon. Processus lateralis large, in lateral view tongue-like. Its dorsal edge rather indistinct, as this structure is continued as a membraneous internal projection. Gonarcus rather short. Its ventral apodeme ending in a pointed thorn bent downwards and slightly forwards. Ectoproct synscleritous with the gonarcus bearing moderately long setae and short hairs. The two ectoprocts fused dorsally, forming a well sclerotised dorsal arch. Styli attached to the middle of the ventral apodeme of go narcus, and fused ventrally below parameres. Paramere, apart from the processus apicalis, narrow, 410 Gy. SZlRAKl & A. VAN HARTEN and bent sharply near the small processus ventralis. Processus apicalis in ventral view turning out wards at a right angle, and with a pyriform lateral part ending in a long, pointed dorsal projection. Penis consisting of two long, but thin sclerites. Between the two arms of gonarcus with a distinct haired plate (probable tenth sternite). Rem ark s: Because of the well sclerotised and dorsally fused ectoproct, the peculiar structure of the stylus, and the parameres bent sharply near the processus ventralis, the new species is rather close to C. (X) unguihipandriata Monserrat, 1996. Moreover, Coniopteryx (X) armata n. sp., C. (X) hastata, C. (X) loksai n. sp., C. (X) unguihipandriata and C. (X) unicef may be regarded as members of a probably monophyletic species-group (unguihipandriata-group), as an addition to the other informal species-groups of the subgenus Xeroconiopteryx established by MEINANDER (1972, 1981). The common features of the species belonging to the unguihipandriata-group are: absence of scale-like hairs on male antennae, presence of an apodeme on the dorsal (dorso-caudal) edge of hypandrium, thorn- or tongue-like processus lateralis of hypandrium, and large, pointed processus apicalis of paramere. All of the species belonging to this group live in Yemen, but two of them (c. (X) hastata and C. (X) unice/J are also known from Iran. The main distinctive features of Coniopteryx (X) loksai n. sp. are: the peculiar processus apicalis of the paramere; the pointed ventral thorn at the tip of the ventral apodeme of the gonarcus; the tongue-like processus lateralis of the hypandrium with an indistinct dorsal edge. Etymology: We dedicate this species to Dr. Imre Loksa, who was assistant professor in the Department of Systematic Zoology and Zoogeography of the Eotvos Lonind University, Budapest, until his untimely death in 1992. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) makarkini Szidki, 1997 Figs 124-128 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) makarkini Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 283. S P eci mens exam ined: Yeme n: 1 6, Sana' a, light trap, Y.1999, A. van Harten. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane fuscous brown. Length of fore wing 1.8 mm. Gonarcus narrow, bent downwards and inwards, and with a long slender apical thorn. Processus lateralis short, with a distinct upper angle. Processus terminalis small withour a median incision. Styli narrow, unforked, band-like below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere forked, but its branches extremely short. Distri bution: Known only from Yemen. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) mongolica Meinander, 1969 Figs 129-133 Coniopteryx mongolica Meinander, 1969. - Notulae Entomologicae 49: 7. S p e ci men s ex am i ned: Ye men: 1 6, Sana'a, Malaise trap, II-III.l998, A van Harten. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in an apical whorl on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing light greyish-brown. Length of fore wing 2.3 mm. Gonarcus small, ending in a hook. Processus lateralis very large, its upper edge rounded. Processus terminalis rounded caudally, without a me dian incision. Styli unforked, forming an arch below the parameres. A special sclerite connected to the styli and paramere with a serrated caudal edge. Processus apicalis of paramere narrow, bent upwards and forked. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Yemen. New to the fauna of the Arabian Peninsula. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) mucrogonarcuata Meinander, 1979 Figs 134-138 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) mucrogonarcuata Meinander, 1979. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 338. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 411 125 126 124 127 128 130 131 129 132 133 Figs 124-133: Species of Coniopteryx. 124-128: Coniopteryx (X) makarkini. 124: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 125: gonarcus, caudal view, 126: hypandrium, ventral view, 127: paramere and penis, lateral view, 128: male internal genitalia, ven tral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. 129-133: Coniopteryx (X) mongolica. 129: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 130: gonarcus, caudal view, 131: hypandrium, ventral view, 132: male internal genitalia, lateral view, 133: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. S pee i men sex ami ned: Ye men: 1 0', Lahj, Malaise trap, VI-VI1.1998, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 1 0', Mayfa'ah, light trap, 26-28.Y.1998, A. van Harten & M. Afif; 70'0', al-Kowd, light trap, VIII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in an apical whorl on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane yellowish-brown. Length of fore wing 2.2 mm. Gonarcus short, with a long, sub apical, acute internal projection. Processus lateralis minute. Processus terminal is indistinct, without median incision. Styli unforked, forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of para mere unforked. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Morocco. Other data from the Arabian Pen insula: MEINANDER 1979 (Saudi Arabia), 1998 (Oman), MONsERRAT 1996 (Yemen). Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) orba Rausch & Aspock, 1978 Figs 139-143 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx 1) orba Rausch & Aspock, 1978. - Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Enro mologen 29: 102. 412 Gy. SZIRAKI &A. VAN HARTEN 135 136 134 137 140 141 142 143 Figs 134-143: Species of Coniopteryx. 134-138: Coniopteryx (X) mucrogonarcuata. 134: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 135: gonarcus, caudal view, 136: hypandrium, ventral view, 137: paramere and penis, lateral view, 138: male internal genita lia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1979. 139-143: Coniopteryx (X) orba. 139: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 140: gonarcus, caudal view, 141: hypandrium, ventral view, 142: paramere and penis, lateral view, 143: male internal genita lia, ventral view. Redrawn from RAUSCH & ASPOCK 1978 b. D i a g nos is: Length of fore wing 2.0 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, blunt, with a long, subapical, acute internal projection. Processus lateralis short, and connected to the very wide, plate-like internal projection of hypandrium. Processus terminalis indistinct, with a small median incision. Styli unforked, without an arch below parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere forked, with a dorsally directed, extremely large caudal branch. Distribution: Oman (MONSERRAT 1995), Iran. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) platyarcus n. sp. Figs 144-148 Hoi ° typ e: C;, Ye men, al-Kowd, light trap, VIII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri, HNHM. - Par a ty pes: 28 C;C;, same data as holotype; 4 C;C;, Ye men, Mayfaah, light trap, 26-28.V.1998, A. van Harten & M. Alif, HNHM. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs mostly in an apical whorl on the flagellar segments. Length of fore wing 1.5-1.6 mm, of hind wing 1.3-1.4 mm. Hypandrium with a shallow median incision in the rounded processus terminalis. Gonarcus long, with a wide, plate-like internal projection, pointed at tip, and a distinct caudal projection. Des c rip t ion: Head and palpi ochreous, their structure normal. Antennae 0.8-1.0 mm, 24- segmented, light brown. Scape and pedicel about 1.5 times as long as broad, median flagellar seg ments ca. 1.5 times as broad as long. Ordinary hairs arranged irregularly on scape, on pedicel and Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 413 50 11m /. ~~;::'-,--=-~-f-- gonarcus '------processus lateralis of hypandrium -.)\ ...1------hypandrium 144 internal caudal projection projection caudal and internal projections of gonarcus 147 148 Figs 144-148: Coniopteryx (X) platyarcus n. sp. - holotype. 144: male genitalia, lateral view, 145: hypandrium, ventral view, 146: male internal genitalia, lateral view, 147: caudal and internal projections of gonarcus, ventral view, 148: dorsal parts of male geni talia, caudal view. 414 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 149 150 151 152 154 155 153 156 157 Figs 149-157: Species of Coniopteryx. 149-152: Coniopteryx (X) ressli. 149: male genitalia, lateral view, 150: gonarcus, caudal view, 151: hypandrium, ventral view, 152: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from RAUSCH & Asp6cK 1978 b. 153-157: Coniopteryx (X) sanana. 153: gonarcus, hypandrium and srylus, lateral view, 154: gonarcus, caudal view, 155: hypandrium, ventral view, 156: pararnere, penis and U-shaped sderite, lateral view, 157: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. on first flagellar segments, and with two whorls of hairs on the other segments. Moderately long setae present. Scale-like hairs forming an apical whorl on the flagellar segments, but some of them irregularly arranged also on the basal part of these segments. Thorax pale ochreous, shoulder spots brown, legs light brown. Wing membrane and veins light brown. Length of fore wing 1.5-1.6 mm, of hind wing 1.3-1.4 mm. Male genitalia as in Figs 144-148. Hypandrium in lateral view 1.5 times as high as broad. Apodeme along the anterior margin ventrally complete. Processus terminalis rounded, with a shal low median apical incision. Internal projection of hypandrium large, rounded and mostly mem braneous. Its more distinctly chitinised, acute outer part represents the processus lateralis. Gonar cus long, with a broad ventral apodeme, with a blunt caudal projection, and a wide, plate-like, but apically pointed internal projection. Between the two internal projections of the gonarcus with a moderately chitinised rib (probably the tenth sternite). Paramere strong with large, acute processus dorsalis, and, before this process, with a small dorso-Iateral tooth. Styli slightly forked; their outer branches very broad, the inner ones forming an arch below the parameres. Penis consisting of two thin but long sclerites. Remar ks: Because of the structure of the hypandrium, the long gonarcus, the broad, forked styli and the shape of the paramere, C. (X) platyarcus is close to C. (X) appendiculata Sziriki, 1997. The main distinctive characteristics of the new species are: Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 415 the peculiar, plate-like, but pointed internal projection of the gonarcus; the moderately long but very distinct caudal projection, which is connected to the ventral apo deme of the same organ. Etymology: The specific name refers to the plate-like projection of the gonarcus in the male genitalia. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ressli Rausch & Aspock, 1978 Figs 149-152 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ressli Rausch & Aspock, 1978. - Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Ento mologen 29: 100. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) buettikeri Meinander, 1979. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 335. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on pedicel and on flagellar segments of male an tennae. Wing membrane light greyish-brown. Length of fore wing 2.2-2.6 mm. Gonarcus short, with a prominent caudal tooth, and with a small internal projection. Processus lateralis weakly scle rotised. Processus terminalis rather large, but its median incision small. Styli unforked, band-like below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere consisting of a dorsal and a pointed ventral branch. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia (MEINANDER 1979), Iran. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) sanana Szirili, 1997 Figs 153-157 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) sanana Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 285. Sp eci mens exam ine d: Ye men: 21 CJCJ, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-2.II.1998, A van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 18 CJCJ, same data but 1-3.IY.1998, A van Harten & A. Awad; 4 CJCJ, same data but 26-28.Y.1998; 15 CJCJ, same data but 3-24.I.1999, A van Harten & MM; 9 CJCJ, same data but 26-28.Yn.1999, A van Harten & A. Awad; 16 CJCJ, same data but VIII.1999; 4 CJCJ, same data but IX.1999; 2 CJCJ, Lahj, Malaise trap, VI-VII.1998, A van Harten & A. Sallam; 2 CJCJ, same data but VIII.1998; 34 CJCJ, Mayfa'ah, light trap, 26-28.Y.1998, A van Harten & M. Afif; 5 CJCJ, Sana'a, light trap, III-IY.1999, A van Harten; 8 CJCJ, same data but l.VI-10.VII.1999; 10 CJCJ, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 22 CJCJ, same data but VIII.1999; 32 CJCJ, same data but IX. 1999; 28 CJCJ, same data but 8-12.VII.2001. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane fuscous brown. Length of fore wing 1.5-2.1 mm. Gonarcus rather long, with a stout, ventrally directed caudal thorn, and a slightly curved internal projection. Processus lateralis contin uing as a plate-like internal projection of hypandrium. Processus terminalis rather large, rounded, with a distinct U-shaped median incision. Styli unforked, without an arch below parameres. Proc essus apicalis forked; its posterior branch rounded lance-shaped, the anterior one large, twisted. Distal part of paramere ventrally supported by aU-shaped sclerite. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) stylobasalis n. sp. Figs 158-162 Holotype: CJ, Yemen, Ta'izz, light trap, 3-24.I.1999, A van Harten & M. Mahyoub, HNHM. - Paratypes: 3 CJCJ, same data as holotype; 1 CJ, Ye men, Ta'izz, light trap, XI. 1999, A van Harten & A. Awad, HNHM. D i a g nos is: Scape swollen; with scale-like hairs on apical part of the flagellar segments and of pedicel. Length of fore wing 1.6-2.0 mm, of hind wing 1.4-1.7 mm. Gonarcus short and broad, with a strong ventral apodeme, forming an unusually wide base to the styli. Processus terminalis of hypandrium indistinct. Paramere with outstanding processus ventralis. Anterior branch of the processus apicalis of paramere very long. Des c rip t ion: Head capsule and palpi dark brown, their structure normal. Antennae dark brown, 0.9-1.0 mm, 26- to 27 -segmented. Scape swollen, in dorsal view more than 1.5 times as broad as long, in lateral view about as broad as long. Pedicel and flagellar segments slightly broader than long. Ordinary hairs in two sparse whorls on flagellar segments. Setae present, but short. 416 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 161 Figs 158-162: Coniopteryx (X) stylobasalis n. sp. - holotype. 158: male genitalia, lateral view, 159: paramere and penis, lateral view, 160: hypandrium, ventral view, 161: male internal genitalia, ventral view, 162: male genitalia (without the membraneous internal projection of the hypandrium), caudal view. Scale-like hairs on the apical part of the flagellar segments and of pedicel. Thorax: light brown, with large, dark brown shoulder spots. Legs dark brown, wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.6-2.0 mm, of hind wing 1.4-1.7 mm. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 417 Male genitalia as in Figs 158-162. Hypandrium, apart from its membraneous internal projec tion, short; in lateral view more than twice as high as broad. Apodeme along the anterior margin of hypandrium ventrally complete, but median part moderately sderotised. Processus terminalis indistinct, without any trace of median incision. The sderotised processus lateralis short, subtrian gular, and connecting with a membraneous internal projection. Gonarcus short and broad, with a very strong ventral apodeme which forms an unusually wide base to the styli. The two ventral apo demes connected by a moderately sclerotised but distinct transverse structure caudally. Styli slightly forked; their anterior branch forming a broad arch below the parameres. Paramere long, with an outstanding processus ventralis. Processus apicalis of paramere forked. Its posterior branch rather narrow, but rounded in caudal view. Anterior branch very large, pointed and curving forwards. Penis consisting of two sderites that are very broad in lateral view. Rem ark s: Because of the short and broad gonarcus, the indistinct processus terminalis of the hypandrium, and the forked processus apicalis of the paramere, the new species resembles C (X) caudata n. sp. in the C aegyptiaca species-group. The main distinctive features of Coniopt eryx (X) stylobasalis are: the flagellar segments of the antennae with scale-like hairs only on their apical part; the extremely wide ventral apodeme of the gonarcus; the outstanding processus ventralis of the paramere; the very long anterior branch of the processus apicalis of the paramere. E t y mol 0 g y: The specific name refers to the unusually wide base of the styli in the male genitalia. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ujhelyii Sziraki, 1992 Figs 163-168 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ujhe/yii Sziraki, 1992. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Sciemiarum Hungaricae 38: 92. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) ujhelii. - HOLZEL 1998: 132 (lapsus calami). Specimens examined: Yemen: 2500, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.l-2.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 2400, same data but 1-3.IY.1998, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 1000, same data but 26-28.Y.1998; 1 0, same data but 3-24.I.l999, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 0, same data, II.l999; 24 00, same data but 26-28.VII.1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 1 0, same data but 08.1999; 600, same data but IX.1999; 1200, same data but X.1999; 10, same data but XI.1999; 1 0, Lahj, Malaise trap, VI-VII.l998, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 10, Sana'a, light trap, III-IV. 1999, A. van Harten. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.5-2.0 mm. Gonarcus moderately short, subtriangu lar. Hypandrium moderately long. Processus lateralis large, rounded. Processus terminalis present, but variable; it may be broadly rounded, with a very shallow median incision, or prominent and without a median incision (Fig. 165). Styli forked; the outer branch short, subtriangular, the inner branch laterally narrow but forming a broad arch below the parameres, with a rather long median apophysis. Processus apicalis of the thin paramere forked, with a moderately long, tooth-like inner branch. Rem ark s: The scale-like hairs on the antennae were not visible in the type specimens, probably because of the rather bad condition of the material available for the original description (SZIRAKI 1992). Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen (also SZIl~AKI 1992, 1997) Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) unguigonarcuata Aspock & Aspock, 1968 Figs 169-173 Coniopteryx unguigonarcuata Aspock & Aspock, 1968. - Em. NachrBI. 15: 34. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in an apical whorl on pedicel and on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane yellowish-grey. Length of fore wing 1.7-1.9 mm. Gonarcus very 418 Gy. SZIlW ~164 170 Figs 163-173: Species of Coniopteryx. 163-168: Coniopteryx (X) ujhelyii. 163: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 164: gonarcus, caudal view, 165: hypandrium of a paratype specimen from Wadi Zabid, ventrally and slightly proximally, 166: hyp andrium of a specimen from Ta'izz, ventral view, 167: paramere and penis, lateral view, 168: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Figs 163-165 and 167-168 redrawn from SZIRAKl 1992. 169-173: Coniopteryx (X) unguigonarcuata. 169: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 170: gonarcus, caudal view, 171: hypandrium, ventral view, 172: paramere and penis, lateral view, 173: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. large, in lateral view curved. Processus lateral is minute. Processus terminalis indistinct, without a median incision. Styli unforked, forming an arch below the parameres, with a small, knob-like median projection. Processus apicalis of paramere forked. Distribution: Oman (MEINANDER 1998), Mongolia, Kazakhstan. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) unguihipandriata Monserrat, 1996 Figs 174-177 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) unguihipandriata Monserrat, 1996. - Annali del Museo Civico di Staria Naturale Giacomo Doria 91: 12. Specimens examined: Yemen: 1 (5, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A. van Harten & S.Al-Haruri; 1 (5, same data but 8-12.VII.2001. Diagnosis: No scale-like hairs on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.6-1.8 mm. Gonarcus short, with a forked caudal projection. Ec toprocts fused with gonarcus, and well chitinised. Processus lateralis represented by a long, hooked thorn, which is supported ventrally by an apophysis, situated on the dorsal edge of hypandrium. Processus terminalis protruding in lateral view. Median incision deep, V-shaped. Styli unforked, but forming a ring below and above the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere present as an unforked, acute projection, which in lateral view appears to be serrated. Penis long, thin. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 419 . , , , " ,. o , ; ectoproct ---~~~?mr:-7: o D . ~ • "0 0 o 0 o 0 • o 0 .0. 00 o . o stylus ------°4 caudal projection of gonarcus ----~--j~t~~..d.~ processus lateralis ----\ ) \ . ,,', 174 processus lateralis 175 177 Figs 174-177: Coniopteryx (X) unguihipandriata - specimen from Yemen: Al-Kowd. 174: male genitalia, lateral view, 175: hyp andrium, ventral view, 176: male internal genitalia, ventral view, 177: penis and median part of stylus, caudal view. Remarks: Some of the features in the male genitalia mentioned above are newly reported for this species. Distri bu tion: Known only from Yemen. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) unicefMonserrat, 1996 Figs 178-181 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) unicifMonserrat, 1996. -Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria 91: 14. 420 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 188 187 191 Figs 178-192: Species of Coniopteryx. 178-181: Coniopteryx (X.) unicef 178: male genitalia, lateral view, 179: gonarcus and hyp andrium, caudal view, 180: hypandrium, ventral view, 181: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MONSERRAT 1996. 182-186: Coniopteryx (X.) venustula. 182: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 183: gonarcus, caudal view, 184: hyp andrium, ventral view, 185: pararnere and penis, lateral view, 186: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from RAUSCH & ASPOCK 1978 b. 187-192: Coniopteryx (X.) wittmeri. 187: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 188: gonarcus, caudal view, 189: hypandrium, ventral view (according to the original description), 190: hypandrium of a specimen from Ta'izz, ventral view, 191: paramere and penis, lateral view, 192: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Figs 187-189 and 191-192 redrawn from MEINANDER 1979. S P e ci men sex ami ned: Ye men: 1 0', Mayfa'ah, light trap, 26-28.V.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mf; 2 0'0', Sana' a, light trap, III-IV. 1999, A. van Harten; 80'0', same data but l.VI-I0.VII.1999; 1 0', al-Kowd, light trap, 8-12.VII. 2001, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 421 D i a g nos is: No scale-like hairs on flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane fuscous. Length of fore wing 1.7-2.1 mm. Gonarcus short, with a strong ventral apophysis ending in a long, downwardly directed projection. Processus lateralis represented by a forked projection which is supported ventrally by an apophysis, situated on the dorso-caudal edge of hypandrium. Processus terminalis large, prominent. Median incision deep, U-shaped. Styli unforked, forming a band below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere with a larger dorsal and a smaller ventral projection. Penis long, thin. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Iran, Yemen (also MONSERRAT 1996 and SZIlWa: 1997). Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) venustula Rausch & Asp6ck, 1978 Figs 182-186 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) venustula Rausch & Aspock, 1978. - Ent. NachrBI. 15: 100. S p e C i men sex am i ned: Ye men: 1 (!;, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-2.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 (!;, same data but XI. 1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 6 (!;(!;, same data but VIII.1999; 7 (!;(!;, Mayfa'ah, light trap, 26-28.Y.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mf; 1 (!;, Lahj, Malaise trap, VIII.1998, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 1 (!;, same data but y'1999; 16 (!;(!;, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 16 (!;(!;, same data but VIII. 1999; 57 (!;(!;, same data but IX. 1999; 14 (!;(!;, same data but 8-12.VII.2001. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in two whorls on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.5-2.0 mm. Gonarcus moderately long, subtrian gular. Hypandrium short. Processus lateralis indistinct. Processus terminalis absent, or indistinct. Styli forked; the outer branch short, subtriangular, the inner branch laterally narrow, but forming a broad arch below the slender parameres, with a median apophysis. Processus apicalis of the thin paramere forked, with a long, tooth-like inner branch. Distribution: Yemen (also MONSERRAT 1996 and SzrRAKI 1997), Iran, Sri Lanka. Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) wittmeri Meinander, 1979 Figs 187-192 Coniopteryx (Xeroconiopteryx) wittmeri Meinander, 1979. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 1: 340. Specimens examined: Yemen: 6 (!;(!;, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-2.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 (!;, same data but 1-3.IY.1998, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 2 (!;(!;, same data but 3-24.I.1999, A. van Harten & MM; 1 (!;, same data but X.1999, A. van Harten & A. Awad; 1 (!;, al-Kowd, light trap, VIII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 5 (!;(!;, same data but IX. 1999. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs on large surface of pedicel, and in two whorls on flagellar seg ments of male antennae. Wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 2.0-2.2 mm. Gonar cus short, stout. Processus lateralis very small, processus terminalis without a median incision. Styli unforked, band-like below the parameres. Inner branch of the forked processus apicalis a simple tooth. Re mar k s: Most of the specimens examined fully agree with the original description, but in some cases the very short hypandrium may be truncate instead of the usual rounded, lobe-like form. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia, Yemen. Other data from the Arabian Peninsula: MEINANDER 1979 (Saudi Arabia), MONSERRAT 1996 (Yemen), SZIlWa: 1997 (Yemen). Subgenus Coniopteryx Curtis, 1834 Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) curvicaudata Sziraki, 1997 Figs 193-197 Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) curvicaudata Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 286. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs on whole surface of pedicel, and in an apical whorl on the flagel lar segments of male antennae. Length of fore wing 2.1 mm. Gonarcus moderately long. Processus lateralis of hypandrium very large. Processus terminalis prominent, its caudal part curved upwards, 422 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 Figs 193-200: Species of Coniopteryx. 193-197: Coniopteryx (G.) curvicaudata. 193: gonarcus, hypandrium and stylus, lateral view, 194: gonarcus and stylus, caudal view, 195: hypandrium, ventral view, 196: paramere and penis, lateral view, 197: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. 198-200: Coniopteryx (G.) exigua. 198: male genitalia, lateral view, 199: hyp andrium, ventral view, 200: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. and hooked in lateral view. Median incision V-shaped, shallow in ventral view, distinct in caudal view. Anterior apodeme of hypandrium curving backwards medially. Styli forked, the outer branch rather wide, the inner branch forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere (= "caudal part of paramere" in the original description) weakly S-shaped in both lateral and ven tral views, and pointed in lateral view. Distribution: Known only from Yemen. Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) exigua Withycombe, 1925 Figs 198-200 Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) exigua Withycombe, 1925. - Mem. Dept. Agric. India, ent. Ser. 9: 12. Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) pusana Withycombe, 1925. - Mem. Dept. Agric. India, ent. Ser. 9: 14. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs in a broad apical whorl on pedicel and flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane greyish-brown. Length of fore wing 2.1-3.2 mm. Gonarcus mod erately long. Processus lateralis of hypandrium long, acute. Processus terminal is directed caudally and slightly dorsally. Median incision deeply V-shaped in ventral view. Anterior apodeme of hyp andrium straight in ventral view. Styli narrow, forked, inner branch forming an arch below the parameres. Tip of the processus apicalis of paramere curved sharply outwards in dorsal view. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen (MoNsERRAT 1996), Pakistan, Nepal, India, Malaysia. Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) gozmanyi n. sp. Figs 201-205 Hoi 0 typ e: r!), Ye men, Sanaa, light trap, l.VI-IO.VII.1999, A. van Harten, HNHM. Para typ e s: 1 r!), Ye m- en, Hammam'Ali, 4.x1.1997, on Citrus, A. van Harten; 1 r!), Ye men, Sanaa, light trap, III-IV. 1999, A. van Harten, HNHM. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 423 50J.lm 203 205 Figs 201-205: Coniopteryx (G.) gozmanyi n. sp. - holotype. 201: male genitalia, lateral view, 202: male internal genitalia, lateral view, 203: hypandrium, ventral view, 204: male internal genitalia, ventral view, 205: male internal genitalia, caudal view. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs on apical part of flagellar segments and pedicel. Long setae present on the antennae. Length of fore wing 1.5-1.7 mm, of hind wing 1.4-1.5 mm. Processus lateralis of hypandrium large, sub triangular. In lateral view moderately curved processus terminalis of hypandrium rounded, with a V-shaped median incision. Outer branch of styli with chitinous spines. Posterior part of paramere about as long as anterior part. Penis sclerite consisting of two rods. Des c rip t ion: Head capsule pale ochreous, palpi light brown. Structure of frons and palpi normal. Eyes large, black. Antennae 0.9 mm, 25- to 26-segmented, dark brown. Scape and pedi cel about as long as broad, pyriform. Median flagellar segments ca. 1.5 times as broad as long. Ordinary hairs in two sparse regular whorls on flagellar segments. Long setae present. Scale-like 424 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 208 206 207 209 211 Figs 206-211: Coniopteryx (G.) vanharteni. 206: head, dorsal view, 207: gonarcus, hypandrium and srylus, lateral view, 208: gon arcus and srylus, caudal view, 209: hypandrium, ventral view, 210: paramere and penis, lateral view, 211: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. hairs on apical part of flagellar segments and pedicel. Thorax pale ochreous with a brown shoul der spot. Legs and wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.5-1.7 mm, of hind wing 1.4-1.5 mm. Male genitalia as in Figs 201-205. Hypandrium in lateral view about as high as broad. Apo deme near to its anterior margin ventrally complete and curving backwards. Processus terminalis of hypandrium well-developed but rounded, with wide V-shaped median incision. Processus lateralis large, prominent, in lateral view rounded subtriangular. Anterior part of its ventral apodeme in distinct. Styli forked; outer branch pointed and with minute chitinous spines, the inner branches fused ventrally below the parameres and with a small, membraneous caudal projection. Paramere long and rather slender, with distinct processus ventralis. Posterior part of paramere (which is cau dally of processus ventralis) sinuous, and about as long as anterior part. Processus apicalis of para mere flattened, and turned upwards. Penis sderite consisting of two rather long rods, connected with a membraneous structure caudally. Rem ark s: Because of the large, prominent, subtriangular processus lateral is of the hyp andrium and the long, slender, dorsally apically curved paramere, the new species is dose to Coniopteryx (C.) exigua, distributed from Pakistan to Malaysia, and to C. (C.) curvicaudata from Yemen. Features differentiating Coniopteryx (C.) gozmanyi from C. exigua are: the long setae on the flagellar segments of the antennae; the rounded processus terminalis of the hypandrium, with a V-shaped median incision (in C. exigua, truncated with a U-shaped median incision); the long posterior part of the paramere which is about as long as the anterior part (in C. exigua, anterior part twice as long as posterior part); the penis sclerite consisting of two rods (in C. exigua it is a single sderite). Features differentiating the new species from C. curvicaudata are: the processus terminal is of the hypandrium not hooked, and its caudal tip rather far from the processus lateralis; the ventral apodeme of the hypandrium moderately curved; the outer branch of the styli with chitinous spines. Etymology: We dedicate this new species to Dr. Laszl6 Gozmany, the eminent Hungarian microlepidopterologist. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 425 ~ 215 ~ 212 214 216 217 218 Figs 212-218: Species of Coniopteryx. 212-216: Coniopteryx (H.) tenuicornis. 212: male genitalia, lateral view, 213: male genitalia, caudal view, 214: hypandrium, ventral view, 215: paramere, lateral view, 216: male internal genitalia, ventral view. Redrawn from TJEDER 1969 (212-213), and MEINANDER 1972 (214-216). 217-218: Coniopteryx (H.) turneri. 217: male genitalia, lateral view, 218: male genitalia, caudal view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1972. Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) vanharteni Szidki, 1997 Figs 206-211 Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) vanharteni Sziraki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 288. D i a g nos is: With a setose projection and two setose plates on the vertex. Scale-like hairs on whole surface of pedicel, and in an apical whorl on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane light fuscous. Length of fore wing 2.2-2.5 mm. Gonarcus rather short. Lower angle of processus lateralis of hypandrium acute. Processus terminalis short, broad, with a small median incision. Anterior apodeme of hypandrium straight in ventral view. Styli narrow, forked, inner branch forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere (= "caudal part of paramere" in original description) pointed and slightly curved downwards. Distri bu tion: Known only from Yemen. Subgenus Holoconiopteryx Meinander, 1972 Coniopteryx (Holoconiopteryx) tenuicornisTjeder, 1969 Figs 212-216 Coniopteryx (Holoconiopteryx) tenuicornisTjeder, 1969. - Opuscula Entomologica 34: 248. D i a g nos is: No scale-like hairs on the flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane almost hyaline. Length of fore wing 2.2 mm. Gonarcus rather short, caudally connected with a narrow arch. Processus lateralis of hypandrium broad, truncated. Processus terminalis rather nar row and acute, with a deep, V-shaped median incision. Anterior apodeme of hypandrium with a long median projection. Styli narrow, forked, inner branch forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere forked. Penis broad, with an arcuate dorsal part. Distribution: Yemen (MEINANDER 1977), Tanzania, Zimbabwe, South Mrica. Coniopteryx (Holoconiopteryx) turnen Kimmins, 1935 Figs 217-218 Coniopteryx turneri Kimmins, 1935. -Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 15: 569. Coniopteryx draco Tjeder, 1969. - Opuscula Entomologica 34: 246. D i a g nos is: Scale-like hairs arranged irregularly on the whole surface of pedicel and flagellar segments of male antennae. Wing membrane greyish-brown. Length of fore wing 2.0-2.5 mm. Go narcus moderately long, caudally connected with a narrow arch. Processus lateral is of hypandrium large, rounded. Processus terminalis rather narrow and acute, with a deep, V-shaped median inci sion. Anterior apodeme of hypandrium with a long median projection (MONSERRAT 1996). Styli 426 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN narrow, forked, inner branch forming an arch below the parameres. Processus apicalis of paramere forked. Penis narrow, without an arcuate dorsal part. Dis tr i but ion: South Africa, Yemen (MoNsERRAT 1996). Genus Conwentzia Enderlein, 1905 Conwentzia obscura n. sp. Figs 219-225 Holo t y p e: CS, Ye men, Sanaa, light trap, III-IY.1999, A. van Harten, HNHM. Par a ty pes: 5 CSCS, same data as holotype; 2 CSCS, Ye men, Sanaa, light trap, v'1999, A. van Harten; 3 CSCS, Ye men, Sanaa, light trap, l.VI- lO.VII.1999, A. van Harten, HNHM. D i a g nos is: Moderately large insect, with rather dark pigmentation. Length of fore wing 2.5-3.1 mm, of the shortened hind wing 1.0-1.2 mm. Femur and tibia of male fore leg with strong spines. Hypandrium supported by a strong anterior apodeme. Inner process of ectoproct broad. Stylus curving caudally. Des c rip t ion: Head capsule dark brown, palpi medium brown. Structure of frons and palpi normal. Eyes moderately large, black. Antennae 2.0-2.2 mm, 34- to 37-segmented, me dium brown. Scape broad, slightly broader than long, pedicel pyriform, about 1.5 times as long as broad. Median flagellar segments also 1.5 times as long as broad. Ordinary hairs irregularly covering flagellar segments and pedicel, and situated also on apical part of scape. Moderately long setae present on flagellar segments. Thorax and legs dark brown, wing membrane medium brown. Fore wing 2.5-3 times as long as wide; its length 2.5-3.1 mm. Length of the shortened hind wing 1.0-1.2 mm. Femur and tibia of male fore leg with strong spines (Fig. 225). Male genitalia as Figs 219-223. Hypandrium (= ninth sternite in MEINANDER 1972) caudally bordered by a narrow membraneous plate (= hypandrium in SZIRAKI 1997: 289), its anterior mar gin strengthened by a relatively broad apodeme. Styli distinctly curving backwards and with a strong anterior apodeme. Outer process of ectoproct in lateral view about as long as high. Inner process in caudal view broad and slightly forked. Paramere rather long, with a strong processus apicalis which curves evenly upwards. Tenth sternite well-developed. Penis a short, but distinctly sclerotised structure. Rem ark s: Because of the curved, strong processus apicalis of the paramere, the well-devel oped tenth sternite and the distinctly sclerotised penis, the new species seems to be close to Con wentzia sabae Sziraki, 1977. The main distinctive features of Conwentzia obscura n. sp. are: the hypandrium supported by a strong anterior apodeme, its membraneous caudal part narrow; the inner process of the ectoproct broad; the stylus curving caudally; the male fore leg with very strong spines on inner surface of femur and basal part of tibia; a moderately large insect, with rather dark pigmentation. E ty mol 0 gy: The specific name refers to the dark pigmentation. 219-225: Conwentzia obscura n. sp., male genitalia. 219-223: holotype. 219: male genitalia, lateral view, 220: paramere and penis, lateral view, 221: male genitalia, without paramere, penis and tenth sternite, ventral view, 222: paramere and penis, ventral view, 223: male genitalia, caudal view. 224-225: paratype. 224: Wings. 225: Fore femur and tibia of male. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 427 I 50IJm I /) J , , , -:::-:i' '-:-:-,~,_:.-2;::' i J' , j ~ -'/', t' t penis paramere ", , / / 220 .~~~~~~:-:,: ofouter ectoproct process 1.------paramere ~------innerprocess of ectoproct -*",;--;;'~~oO:: /"------1oth sternite , ..------stylus outer process ___~ of ectoproct hypandrium penis 219 221 50IJm I I inner process _-!!~~=~ 10th sternite of ectoproct ':+,''fH'-Hf-~=--;f~1--- 'fi!i';.&,~-~~~+-- paramere stylus -4'~~ hypandrium ---++"" 222 224 225 428 Gy. SZIIW 227 228 50IJrn I---l 226 229 230 Figs 226-230: Conwentzia sabae - holotype. 226: Fore femur and tibia of male. 227: male genitalia, lateral view, 228: male genita lia, caudal view, 229: hypandrium, ventral view, 230: paramere and penis, lateral view. Figs 227-230 redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. Conwentzia sabae Szirciki, 1997 Figs 226-230 Conwentzia sabae Szir:iki, 1997. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 289. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane almost hyaline. Colour of the body mostly pale ochreous. Length of fore wing 3.7 mm. Length of the shortened hind wing 1.5 mm. Femur and tibia of male fore leg with moderately strong spines. Hypandrium (= ninth sternite in MEINANDER 1972) cau dally bordered by a wide membraneous plate (= hypandrium in SZIRAKI 1997: 289). Styli in lateral view narrow. Outer process of ectoproct in lateral view about as long as high. Inner process slender and relatively long. Paramere long, with a strong processus apicalis, which curves sharply.upwards. Tenth sternite well-developed. Penis short. Rem ark s: Details of the male fore legs are newly described features of this species. Distribution: Known only from Yemen. Genus Hemisemidalis Meinander, 1972 Hemisemidalis folvipennis Szidki, 1999 Figs 231-233 Hemisemidalis folvipennis Szir:iki, 1999. - Folia Entomologica Hungarica 60: 183. Hemisemidalis kasyi (Aspock & Aspock, 1%5). - MEINANDER 1979: 341 (misidentification), SZIlW 232 233 236 J " ':... ' . ... : 235 237 :.V.> 238 239 240 Figs 231-240: Species of Hemisemidalis. 231-233: Hemisemidalis fulvipennis. 231: ectoproct, stylus and hypandrium, lateral view, 232: hypandrium, ventral view, 233: male internal genitalia, lateral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1999. 234-237: Hemisemidalis kasyi. 234: wings, 235: ectoptoct, stylus and hypandrium, lateral view, 236: hypandrium, ventral view, 237: male internal genitalia, lateral view. Redrawn from AsPOCK & AsPOCK 1965 (234), MEINANDER 1972 (235, 237) and SZIRAKI 1999 (236). 238-240: Hemi semidalis pal/ida. 238: ectoproct, stylus and hypandrium, lateral view, 239: hypandrium, ventral view, 240: male internal genitalia, lateral view. Redrawn from AsPOCK & AsPOCK 1965 (239) and MEINANDER 1972 (238, 240). Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Jammu and Kashmir (under administration of Pa kistan). Data from the Arabian Peninsula: MEINANDER 1979 (as H. kasyi) (Saudi Arabia), SZIIwa 1997 (as H. kasyi - partim) (Yemen), SZIIW(I 1999 (Yemen). Hemisemidalis kasyi (Aspock & Aspock, 1965) Figs 234-237 Parasemidalis kasyi Aspock & Aspock, 1965. - Ent. NachrBI. 12: 21. Hemisemidalis kasyi. - MONSERRAT 1996: 19. S p e ci mens exam i ned: Ye men: 1o, Lahj, Malaise trap, X.1998, A. van Harten & A. Sallam; 10, same data but Y.1999; 1o, al-Kowd, light trap, VII. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 4 00, same data but VlII.1999; 140o, 8 ~~, same data but IX.1999. D i a g nos is: Colour of the body mostly yellowish in the case of the specimens examined. Wing membrane light yellowish-brown. Length of fore wing 2.2-2.5 mm. Anterior apodeme of hypandrium ventrally incomplete. Processus terminalis rudimentary, broadly rounded, without a median incision. Processus ventralis of paramere absent, processus apicalis short and high. Dis tr i but ion: Iran, Mganistan, Lebanon, Yemen (MONSERRAT 1996, SZIlwa 1997 (partim». 430 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 Figs 241-247: Species of Semidalis. 241-243: Semidalis arabica. 241: wings - specimen from Yemen: Al-Kowd, 242: ectoproct and hypandrium, lateral view, 243: male internal genitalia, lateral view. Figs 242-243 redrawn from MEINANDER 1977.244-247: Semi dalis pluriramosa. 244: ecroproct and hypandrium, lateral view, 245: hypandrium, ventral view, 246: male internal genitalia, lateral view - according to MEINANDER (1972), 247: male internal genitalia, lateral view - according to MEINANDER (1975). Hemisemidalis pallida (Withycombe, 1924) Figs 238-240 Parasemidalis pallida Withycombe, 1924. - Bull. Soc. ent. Egypte 16: 141. Parasemidalis tamaricis Meinander, 1963. - Notulae Entomologicae 43: 106. Parasemidalis IongipennisTjeder, 1957. - MEINANDER 1965: 70 (misidentification). Hemisemidalis pallida. - MEINANDER 1972: 292. Specimens examined: Yemen: 16, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I.-2.II.1998, A. van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 1 6, Sana'a, light trap, l.VI- 10.VII.1999, A. van Harten; 3 66, al-Kowd, light trap, VII.1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. D i a g nos is: Colour of body mostly pale ochreous. Wing membrane light greyish. Length of fore wing 2.8-3.0 mm. Anterior apodeme ofhypandrium ventrally incomplete. Processus termina lis protruding, with a dorsal knob in lateral view, with a heavily sclerotised band caudally, and with a very shallow median incision. Processus ventralis of paramere absent, processus apicalis short and moderately high. Rem ark s: In the hind wings of one of the specimens examined, cross vein M -Cu1 has an unusual position; it meets the branch M3+4' Dis t rib uti 0 n: Saudi Arabia (MEINANDER 1979), Yemen, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir (under administration of Pakistan), Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tur key (Anatolia), Greece, Italy, Spain, Algeria, Morocco, Egypt, Sudan. New to Yemen. Genus Semidalis Enderlein, 1905 Semidalis arabica Meinander, 1977 Figs 241-243 Semidalis arabica Meinander, 1977. - Entomologica Scandinavica 8: 85. Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 431 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 Figs 248-256: Species of Semidalis. 248-249: Semidalis scotti. 248: male genitalia, lateral view, 249: hypandrium, ventral view. Redrawn from MEINANDER 1976.250-252: Semidalis scotti - specimen from Yemen: Lahj, transverse plate in the male genitalia. 250: ventral view, 251: lateral view, 252: caudal view. 253-256: Semidalis tenuipennis. 253: femur and tibia of male fore leg, 254: ectoproct and hypandrium, lateral view, 255: hypandrium, ventral view, 256: male internal genitalia, lateral view. Redrawn from SZIRAKI 1997. S pecime ns exam i ne d: Yem en: 1 A, Ta'izz, light trap, XI.1999, A van Harten & A. Awad; 80'0', al-Kowd, light trap, IX. 1999, A. van Harten & S. Al-Haruri. Diagnosis: Wing membrane light greyish. Length of fore wing 2.0-2.2 mm. Ventral (= outer) process of ectoproct long and rather broadly digitiform. No internal projection of ectoproct. Hypandrium truncate without outstanding spines. Processus ventralis of paramere present. Proces sus apicalis slightly swollen, its tip pointed and curved upwards. Uncini unguiform. Distribution: Known only from Yemen. Semidalis pluriramosa (Karny, 1924) Figs 244-247 Protosemidalis plunramosa Karny, 1924. - Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 13: 476. Semidalis kaisilai Meinander, 1965. - Notulae Entomologicae 45: 68. Semidalis plunramosa. - MEINANDER 1972: 324. S p eci mens exam i ned: Yem en: 20'0, Ta'izz, light trap, 5.I-2.II.1998, A van Harten & M. Mahyoub; 10, same data but VIII. 1999, A. van Harten &A. Awad; 1 0, Sana'a, light trap, I.VI-I0.VII.1999, A van Harten; 1 A, al-Kowd, light trap, VI1.1999, A van Harten & S. Al-Haruri; 100'0', same data but VIII. 1999; 5 0'0', 2 ~~, same data but 8-12.VII.2001. D iagno sis: Wing membrane almost hyaline. Length of fore wing 2.3-2.7 mm. Ventral process of ectoproct rather long and broad. No internal projection of ectoproct. Hypandrium ven trally with two long spines. Processus ventralis of paramere absent. Processus apicalis rather narrow, membraneous, with rounded tip. Uncini unguiform. 432 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN Dis t rib uti 0 n: Yemen (also MONsERRAT 1996), Nigeria, Mali, Sudan, Egypt, Algeria, Mo rocco, Spain. Semidalis scotti Esben-Petersen, 1928 Figs 248-252 Semidalis scotti Esben-Petersen, 1928. - Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 1: 448. S P e c i men s exam i ned: Ye men: 1 6', Sanaa, beaten from peach, VIII.1993, M. Knapp; 1 6', 2 ~~, same data but X.1993; 1 6', 2 ~~, Sanaa, Malaise trap, II-III.l998, A. van Harten; 8 6'6', same data but l.VI-I0.VII.l999, Malaise trap; 8 6'6', Lahj, Malaise trap, Y.1999, A. van Harten & A. Sallam. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane greyish. Length of fore wing 2.7-4.0 mm. Ventral process of ectoproct rather long and narrow. Internal projection of ectoproct distinct, acute. Hypandrium ter minating in two short processes. Processus ventralis of paramere absent. Processus apicalis forked. Uncini unguiform; ventrally of uncini with a heavily sclerotised transverse plate (Figs 250-252.) Dis t rib uti 0 n: Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen (also MONsERRAT 1996 and SZIRAKI 1997). Semidalis tenuipennis Szidki, 1997 Figs 253-256 Semidalis tenuipennis Sziciki, 1997. -Acta ZoologicaAcademiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 292. D i a g nos is: Wing membrane light brown. Length of fore wing 1.8 mm. Femur and tibia of male fore leg with stout spines. Ventral process of ectoproct short, in lateral view subtriangular, dis tally with a stout inner thorn. Hypandrium short, with two long setae. Processus ventralis of para mere absent. Processus apicalis (= dorsal process in SZIRAKI 1997) extremely large. Uncini strong, with a large outer and a short inner arm. Ventrally of parameres with a pair of large, moderately sclerotised transverse plates. Dis t rib uti 0 n: Known only from Yemen. DISCUSSION Compared to the fauna of the neighbouring territories, the number of coniopterygid species known from the Arabian Peninsula (62 species) is already very high. On one hand, this species richness may be a consequence of the geographic situation of this area, as Arabia is connected to the other arid and semi-arid territories of southwest and central Asia, to the Mediterranean, and, until the most recent geological times, to the subsaharan territories of Mrica. On the other hand, the high number of species is also a result of the intensive collecting activity of A. van Harten (co author of the present paper) and his co-workers in Yemen. According to present knowledge, 50 % of the Arabian coniopterygid fauna (31 species) ap pears to be endemic, and 28 of the species are known only from Yemen. Apart from Hemisemi dalis pallida, which has an extremely wide range, 12 Arabian species are common to other parts of southwest and central Asia, and three of these are also found in the Mediterranean subregion. Nine coniopterygid species of the Arabian Peninsula also occur in the Mrotropical region, and four of these in the Mediterranean too. Seven other species of dusty lacewings are known only from the Mediterranean and from the Arabian Peninsula. The similarity between the Yemeni and East Mrican coniopterygid fauna was recognised earlier (SZIRAKI 1998). The new results show that the coniopterygid fauna of the Arabian Peninsula has almost equal connections with the fauna of the arid and semi-arid territories in other parts of southwest and central Asia, the Mediterranean area and sub saharan Mrica. As regards the Yemeni collecting localities, it is interesting to note that Coniopteryx (X) ujhelyii was found in large numbers in Ta'izz and not at all in al-Kowd, while the closely related Coniopt- Coniopterygidae of the Arabian Peninsula 433 eryx (X) venustula was collected mostly in al-Kowd. Most Coniopteryx (X) collaris were collected in al-Kowd and in Mayfa'ah, most Coniopteryx (X) ketiae in al-Kowd and in Sana'a, and most Semi dalis scotti in Sana' a and Lahj. Agricultural importance In Yemen, dusty lacewings seem to be much more abundant than green lacewings (Chrysopidae). One possible reason for this is that the larvae of Coniopterygidae are less susceptible to desiccation and heat than larvae of Chrysopa because of their small size and cryptic lifestyle. Consequently, the Coniopterygidae seem to have taken over the role of Chrysopidae as biocontrol agents of pests such as aphids, scale insects and spider mites. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that coniopterygids may be found in large numbers in orchards that are regularly treated with insecticides (SzrRAKI 1979). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors are indebted to Mrs Katalin Horvath for drawing a large part of the figures. Our Yem eni colleagues Dr Ahmed Awad (Ta'izz), Mr Saleh Al-Haruri (al-Kowd), Mr Mohammed Mahyoub (Sana'a), Dr Ahmed Sallam (Lahj) and the late Mr Monasir Mf (Ataq) assisted with the operation of the insect traps. The study was financially supported by the National Scientific Research Fund of Hungary (numberT-032588). REFERENCES AsPOCK, H. & ASPOCK, U. 1965. Die Neuropteren Vorderasiens. 1. Coniopterygidae. Beitrage zur Naturkundlichen Forschung in Sudwestdeutschland24: 159-181. AsPOCK, H. & HOlZEl, H. 1996. The Neuropteroidea of North Africa, Mediterranean Asia and of Europe. In: Pure and Applied Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Canard, M., Aspock, H & Mansell, M.W. (eds): 31-86. AsPOCK, H., HOlZEl, H. & ASPOCK, U. 2001. Kommentierter Katalog der Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der Westpalaarktis. Denisia 2: 1-606. HOlZEl, H. 1998. Zoogeographical features ofNeuroptera of the Arabian peninsula. Acta Zoologica Fennica 209: 129-140. MEINANDER, M. 1965. Some Neuroptera from the Canary Islands and the Spanish Sahara. Notulae Entomologicae 45: 53-60. MEINANDER, M. 1972. A revision of the family Coniopterygidae. Acta Zoologica Fennica 136: 1-357. MEINANDER, M. 1975. Coniopterygidae from West Africa (Insecta: Neuroptera). Entomologica Scandinavica 6: 247-252. MEINANDER, M. 1976. Coniopterygidae from Africa (Neuroptera). Notulae Entomologicae 56: 85-88. MEINANDER, M. 1977. Coniopterygidae from the Arabian Peninsula (Neuroptera). Entomologica Scandinavica 8: 81-85. MEINANDER, M. 1979. Insects of Saudi Arabia. Neuroptera: Fam. Coniopterygidae. Fauna ofSaudi Arabia 1: 334-341. MEINANDER, M. 1981. A review of the genus Coniopteryx (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae). Annales Entomologici Fennici 47: 97-110. MEINANDER, M. 1983. The Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera) of southern Africa and adjacent Indian Ocean Islands. Annals of the NatalMuseum 25: 475-499. MEINANDER, M. 1990. The Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera, Planipennia). A check-list of the species of the world, descriptions of new species and other new data. Acta Zoologica Fennica 189: 1-95. MEINANDER, M. 1998. Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera) from the Mediterranean Region and Iran. Journal of Neuropterology 1: 23-31. MONSERRAT, v.J. 1985 a. Contribution al conocimento de los Neuropteros de Marruecos (Insecta, Neuroptera, Planipennia). Medi terrdnea, Serie de Estudios Biologicos 8: 73-82. MONSERRAT, v.J. 1985 b. Nuevos datos sobre los Coniopterigidos (Neur., Plan., Coniopterygidae) ibericos. Boletin de laAsociacion Espanola de Entomologia 9: 127-141. 434 Gy. SZIRAKI & A. VAN HARTEN MONSERRAT, v.J. 1995. 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Zwei neue Species des Genus Nimboa Navas (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae) aus Vorderasien. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen 30: 13-16. SZIRAKI, Gy. 1979. Notes on Hungarian species of Coniopterygidae from different orchards. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 32: 181-184. SZIRAKI, Gy. 1990. Two Aleuropteryx species from Tanzania (Planipennia: Coniopterygidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 51: 117-121. SZIRAKI, Gy. 1992. Coniopterygidae from Yemen (Neuroptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 38: 89-94. SZIRAKI, Gy. 1997. Data to the coniopterygid fauna of Yemen, with description of twelve new species (Neuroptera: Coniopterygi dae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43: 271-294. SZIRAKI, Gy. 1998. Zoogeographic relations of South Asian coniopterygids (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae). Acta Zoologica Fennica 209: 243-247. SZIRAKI, Gy. 1999. Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera) from southwestern parts of Asia. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 60: 179-186. TJEDER, B. 1969. New Coniopterygidae from Southern Mrica (Neuroptera). Opuscula Entomologica 34: 243-249. Manuscript submitted: 26 March 2003 Manuscript accepted: 13 December 2004 Bibliography of the Neuropterida Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#): 11989 Reference Citation: Sziráki, G.; van Harten, A. 2006 [2006.12.18]. The dusty lacewings (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 22:381-434. Copyrights: Any/all applicable copyrights reside with, and are reserved by, the publisher(s), the author(s) and/or other entities as allowed by law. No copyrights belong to the Bibliography of the Neuropterida. Notes: File: File produced for the Bibliography of the Neuropterida (BotN) component of the Lacewing Digital Library (LDL) Project, 2015.