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2016 역사문화체험캠프 남북국 시대 신라와 발해를 찾아서! Korean History & Culture Summer Camp

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2016 역사문화체험캠프 남북국 시대 신라와 발해를 찾아서! Korean History & Culture Summer Camp 2016 역사문화체험캠프 남북국 시대 신라와 발해를 찾아서! Korean History & Culture Summer Camp 장소: YMCA Camp Linwood Mac Donald 1 Flatbrook Rd. Branchville, NJ 07826 기간: 2016 년 8 월 26 일(금)– 28 일(일) 이름: 후원: 주최: 재미한국학교 동북부협의회 The National Association for Korean Scbhols Northeast Chapter 일정표 Daily Schedule 시간 26 일 27 일 28 일 강강술래 체조 신라와 발해의 7:00 Morning exercise- 무역 길 체험 Ganggangsullae Experience Trading route of 8:00 아침 Breakfast Silla & Balhae 9:00 도착 Arrival 몸과 마음열기 놀이 모둠 나누기 문화 시장 놀이 10:30 Get to Know each other. 체험 놀이 Market Activity Divide into Teams 황금의 신라, 청동부절의 비밀 인형극 Puppet show 세 나라 이야기: 신라의 삼국통일 마무리 평가활동 Activities to Experience Story of three Kingdoms Closing Evaluation Culture unified by Silla 11:00 노래극 Musical Kingdom of gold, Seorabeol 발해의 꿈: 대조영 발해를 건국 Secret of Bronze fish 폐소식 하다 Closing Ceremony Dream of Balhae 12:30 점심 Lunch 짐 싸기와 문화 축제 준비 01:30 입소식 뒷 정리 Preparation for Culture Opening Ceremony Packing & Clean Up Festival 02:30 03:30 발해를 찾아라! 모둠 대항 04:00 Find Balhae! 출발(2 시) 체육 놀이 신라를 빛낸 왕들의 이야기 Departure(2pm) 04:30 Team Field Activity Kings who made Silla Famous 05: 30 저녁 Dinner 06:30 놀이 한마당 Festival 07:30 세계로 열린 나라, 발해 발해와 신라 문화 축제 Balhae! Opens to the World Balhae and Silla Culture 08:00 Festival 08:30 세계 속의 신라 캠프파이어 Campfire 09:30 Silla in the World 모둠별 하루 마무리와 취침 10:00 Complete the workbook & Bedtime 세 나라와 통일 신라 기원전 2333 년 한국 역사를 여는 첫 나라, ‘조선’이 생겨났어. 신화의 주인공, 단군이 만주와 한반도 북쪽에 만든 나라야. 나중에 이성계가 세운 조선과 구분하기 위해 고조선이라고 불러. 고조선이 역사 속으로 사라지고 그 땅에는 세 나라가 생겨났지. 세 나라가 어떻게 세워졌는지 잠깐 살펴보자. 한반도 동쪽, 경주를 중심으로 사로국이란 나라가 있었는데 임금님이 없었어. 어느 날 나정이란 우물가에 큰 알이 나타났어. 그리고 사내아이가 태어났지. 둥근 박처럼 생긴 알에서 태어나 박씨라 하고 세상을 밝게 비춘다는 뜻의 혁거세라고 이름 지었어.박혁거세는 ‘서라벌’이란 나라를 세웠는데 바로 ‘신라’란다. 그리고 지금의 만주 땅에 있었던 부여라는 나라에서도 알에서 사내아이가 태어났는데 활을 어찌나 잘 쏘는지 주몽이라 불렀어. 고주몽은 부여를 떠나 한반도 북쪽에 고구려란 나라를 세웠지. 고주몽에게는 세 명의 아들이 있었는데, 큰아들 유리가 부여에서 고주몽을 찾아와 고구려의 두 번 째 왕이 되었어. 다른 두 아들, 비류와 온조는 남쪽으로 내려와 한강 근처에 나라를 세웠지. 비류가 세운나라는 오래 가지 못하고 온조가 세운 나라는 비류의백성들과 힘을 합쳐 백제라는 나라를 세 웠단다. 한강은 세계로 가는 물길을 열어주었고 농사를 지을 수 있는 너른 평야도 많았지. 맨 나중에 생긴 백제가 제일 먼저 성장할 수 있었던 것도 바로 한강 근처에 나라를 세웠기 때문이야. 하지만 힘이 세진 고구려에 한강을 빼앗기고 말아. 그래서 백제와 신라는 힘을 합쳐 다시 한강을 되찾아왔지. 그런데 신라가 백제를 배신하고 한강을 다 차지하고 말아. 백제의 마지막 의자왕은 빼앗긴 땅을 되찾기 위해 신라를 공격했지. 백제를 물리칠 힘이 없던 신라는 김춘추를 고구려에 보내 도움을 요청했어. 고구려에는 왕보다 더 큰 힘을 가진 연개소문이란 장군이 있었는데, 신라가 뺏어간 한강 이남 땅을 주면 돕겠다며 김춘추를 감옥에 가두고 말아. 김춘추는 그 땅을 돌려주겠다고 거짓 약속을 하고 겨우 고구려를 탈출해 당나라로 달려가 도와달라고 했지. 한반도를 다 삼킬 욕심을 감추고 당나라는 신라와 손을 잡고 백제와 고구려를 차례로 무너뜨렸어. 그리고 고구려와 백제 땅을 지배하려고 했지. 신라는 나라를 잃은 고구려와 백제 유민들과 함께 당나라와 싸웠어. 7 년 동안의 긴 전쟁이었어. 676 년, 신라 문무왕은 마침내 당나라를 몰아내고 세 나라를 통일했단다. 하지만 고구려의 땅 대부분을 당나라에 빼앗기고 말았어. 그림 출처: http://jaynoel.tistory.com Story of three Kingdoms: Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla In 2333 BC. Chosun, the first nation of Korea formed. The legendary Dangun made this nation between Manchuria and the northern part of Korean peninsula. In order to tell apart from Chosun that Lee Sung- gye had made, he named this nation Ancient Chosun. This nation soon disappeared from history and three nations was born. Let’s talk about how the nations were made. There was a land called Saroguk located in the south east peninsula which did not have a king. One day, a big egg appeared near a well. And a baby was born from this egg. This baby’s last name ‘Park’ came from the round gourd shaped egg and his name ‘Hyuk Guh- Sae’, meant ‘to shine bright light to the world’. The common Korean last name ‘Park’ came from Park Hyuk GuhSae. Park Hyuk GuhSae named the nation ‘Soerabol’ which later became one of the three nations- Silla. There was another baby born from an egg in Manchuria in the nation called Bu-Yuh. This boy was very good with bow and arrows so he was called Go Jumong. He left Bu-Yuh and formed the 2nd nation Goguryoe. Go Jumong had three sons. The first son YuRi came to Goguryeo to find his father Go Joomong and became the second king. The other two sons, Bi-Ryu and Ohn-Jo came to the south, setting up nations near the Han River (Han Gang). But soon after, the Silla nation betrayed Baekje and took Han River for itself. The last ruling king of Baekje’s Uijawang attacked Silla. Silla, which did not stand against Baekje’s strong army, sent Kim Choon- Chu to Goguryoe to become allies. There was a general named Yeon Gaesomun who had more power than the Gogurye king, and told Kim Choon-Chu to help him get back their stolen land near the Han River, but the general put Kim Choon-chu in jail saying that he lied to him. In the end, Kim Choon-chu escaped from jail and fled to Tang asking for help. With the remaining greed and strength Tang and Silla ally nations, the two nations Baekje and Goguryoe crumbled to the ground. Silla then began to govern the lands of Goguryoe and Baekje. The refugees of the two nations fought with the people of Silla and went to war for 7 long years. In the year 676, Silla’s King Munmu was finally driven out of the Tang and unified three nations. However that majority of Goguryoe’s land was taken by Tang. 삼국 시대 지도 5 세기 고구려 4 세기 6 세기 백제 신라 남북국 시대가 열리다 나라를 잃은 고구려 백제 사람들은 어떻게 되었을까? 무너진 나라를 다시 세우려고 했지만 쉽지 않았어. 그들은 신라를 도와 당나라와 싸웠어. 그리고 신라 백성이 되었지. 일본으로 도망간 백제 사람들도 있었어. 일본에 가면 그 백제 사람들의 흔적을 찾을 수 있단다. 또, 많은 고구려 사람들은 당나라에 끌려가거나 도망쳐 만주 벌판 여기저기 흩어져 살고 있었지. 대조영도 영주로 끌려간 고구려 장군이었어. 나라를 빼앗긴 고구려 사람들은 때를 기다리고 있었어. 그리고 마침내 그 기회가 왔지. 대조영과 그의 아버지 걸걸중상은 고구려 유민을 이끌고 당나라와 싸우면서 영주를 탈출했어. 걸사비우가 이끄는 말갈사람과 함께 당나라와 싸웠지. 걸사비우와 걸걸중상은 당나라와의 싸움에서 그만 목숨을 잃고 말아. 698 년 대조영은 고구려가 망한 지 30 년 만에 동모산에 고구려를 이은 진국이란 나라를 세웠단다. 고구려 사람과 말갈 사람이 힘을 합쳐 만든 나라야. 대조영은 고구려의 옛 땅을 되찾아 점점 큰 나라가 되었어. 그러자 당나라도 더는 싸움을 걸어오지 않았어. 대조영은 당나라와 화해를 하고 나라 이름도 발해라고 고쳤단다. 고구려 후손이 다스린 발해에는 고구려 사람과 말갈 사람 말고도 만주의 여러 소수민족이 더불어 살았지. 그래서 발해를 다민족다문화 국가라고 한단다. 고구려 유민 한편, 세 나라를 통일한 신라는 왕을 중심으로 힘을 키워갔어. 세 나라 때부터 믿었던 불교를 널리 퍼트려 백성을 다스렸어. 세 나라 사람들은 불교를 통해 한 나라 백성으로 한마음이 되었던 거지. 그리고 당나라는 말갈 사람 물론 저 멀리 아라비아 상인들과도 무역을 했어. 신라의 수도, 서라벌은 발해 국제 무역 도시로 성장해갔단다. 만주 소수민족 이렇게 만주와 연해주를 포함한 한반도 북쪽을 차지한 발해와 그 남쪽의 주인 신라가 이끄는 남북국 시대가 열린 거야. 남과 북의 두 나라, 신라와 발해는 고려가 한반도를 다시 통일하기까지 200 년이 넘게 서로 경쟁하며 교역도 했단다. 그런데 안타깝게도 지금 한반도는 또, 남과 북으로 나누어져 있네. 통일은 언제 올까? Southern & Northern States Period Goguryeo and Baekje tried to rebuild nations but it was not easy. They helped Silla to fight against Tang an dbecame the people of Silla. Some Baekje people fled to Japan. This is why you can find Baekje descendents in Japan. And Goguryeo people were forced to moved to Tang, a Chinese nation, or flee to Manchuria. Dae Joyoung was a Goguryeo general who was dragged to the nation, Youngju. The people of Goguryeo, whose land was stolen from them, was waiting and luckily, an opportunity appeared. Dae joyoung and his father, Dae Jung-sang, gathered the people of Goguryeo, fought with Tang and fled to Youngjoo. Geolsa Biu and his Mohe (말갈) people also fought with Tang, however, Geolsa Biu and Dae Jung-sang were killed in the fight with Tang. In 698 BC, 30 years after the fall of Gguryeo, Dae Joyoung built Jinguk that inherits Goguryeo in Dongmosan. This nation was built by the people of Goguryeo and Mohe. This nation grew big and Tang left them alone. Dae Joyoung made peace with Tang and renamed the nation to Balhae. Balhae consisted of people from Goguryeo, Mohe and other small tribes from Manchuria. Therefore, Balhae is called the multi-culture nation. On the other hand, Silla became strong through the King’s growing strength. From the very beginning of this nation, Buddism became the national religion. Buddism was the bonding agent for people of three nations. They also traded not only with Tang but also with Arabia. The capital of Silla, Seorabeol soon became the international trade city. Balhae which included the two nations of northern Manchuria and Yunhaju was formed, and to the south, Silla lead the era of the nation of South and North. Silla and Balhae traded for 200 years until Goryeo unified the Korean Peninsula. However, the Korean Peninsula was again divided into South and North.
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