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Helsinki Watch Committees in the Soviet Republics: Implications For
FINAL REPORT T O NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARC H TITLE : HELSINKI WATCH COMMITTEES IN THE SOVIET REPUBLICS : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SOVIET NATIONALITY QUESTIO N AUTHORS : Yaroslav Bilinsky Tönu Parming CONTRACTOR : University of Delawar e PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS : Yaroslav Bilinsky, Project Director an d Co-Principal Investigato r Tönu Parming, Co-Principal Investigato r COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER : 621- 9 The work leading to this report was supported in whole or in part fro m funds provided by the National Council for Soviet and East European Research . NOTICE OF INTENTION TO APPLY FOR COPYRIGH T This work has been requested for manuscrip t review for publication . It is not to be quote d without express written permission by the authors , who hereby reserve all the rights herein . Th e contractual exception to this is as follows : The [US] Government will have th e right to publish or release Fina l Reports, but only in same forma t in which such Final Reports ar e delivered to it by the Council . Th e Government will not have the righ t to authorize others to publish suc h Final Reports without the consent o f the authors, and the individua l researchers will have the right t o apply for and obtain copyright o n any work products which may b e derived from work funded by th e Council under this Contract . ii EXEC 1 Overall Executive Summary HELSINKI WATCH COMMITTEES IN THE SOVIET REPUBLICS : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SOVIET NATIONALITY QUESTION by Yaroslav Bilinsky, University of Delawar e d Tönu Parming, University of Marylan August 1, 1975, after more than two years of intensive negotiations, 35 Head s of Governments--President Ford of the United States, Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada , Secretary-General Brezhnev of the USSR, and the Chief Executives of 32 othe r European States--signed the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperatio n in Europe (CSCE) . -
Human Rights and History a Challenge for Education
edited by Rainer Huhle HUMAN RIGHTS AND HISTORY A CHALLENGE FOR EDUCATION edited by Rainer Huhle H UMAN The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Genocide Convention of 1948 were promulgated as an unequivocal R response to the crimes committed under National Socialism. Human rights thus served as a universal response to concrete IGHTS historical experiences of injustice, which remains valid to the present day. As such, the Universal Declaration and the Genocide Convention serve as a key link between human rights education and historical learning. AND This volume elucidates the debates surrounding the historical development of human rights after 1945. The authors exam- H ine a number of specific human rights, including the prohibition of discrimination, freedom of opinion, the right to asylum ISTORY and the prohibition of slavery and forced labor, to consider how different historical experiences and legal traditions shaped their formulation. Through the examples of Latin America and the former Soviet Union, they explore the connections · A CHALLENGE FOR EDUCATION between human rights movements and human rights education. Finally, they address current challenges in human rights education to elucidate the role of historical experience in education. ISBN-13: 978-3-9810631-9-6 © Foundation “Remembrance, Responsibility and Future” Stiftung “Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft” Lindenstraße 20–25 10969 Berlin Germany Tel +49 (0) 30 25 92 97- 0 Fax +49 (0) 30 25 92 -11 [email protected] www.stiftung-evz.de Editor: Rainer Huhle Translation and Revision: Patricia Szobar Coordination: Christa Meyer Proofreading: Julia Brooks and Steffi Arendsee Typesetting and Design: dakato…design. David Sernau Printing: FATA Morgana Verlag ISBN-13: 978-3-9810631-9-6 Berlin, February 2010 Photo Credits: Cover page, left: Stèphane Hessel at the conference “Rights, that make us Human Beings” in Nuremberg, November 2008. -
Sovyet Sonrasi Rusya'da Toplumsal Muhalefetin
TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ SİYASET BİLİMİ VE KAMU YÖNETİMİ (SİYASET BİLİMİ) ANABİLİM DALI SOVYET SONRASI RUSYA’DA TOPLUMSAL MUHALEFETİN EKONOMİ POLİTİĞİ Doktora Tezi Emek YILDIRIM Ankara, 2018 TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ SİYASET BİLİMİ VE KAMU YÖNETİMİ (SİYASET BİLİMİ) ANABİLİM DALI SOVYET SONRASI RUSYA’DA TOPLUMSAL MUHALEFETİN EKONOMİ POLİTİĞİ Doktora Tezi Emek YILDIRIM Tez Danışmanı Prof. Dr. Filiz ZABCI Ankara, 2018 TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ SİYASET BİLİMİ VE KAMU YÖNETİMİ ANABİLİM DALI SİYASET BİLİMİ BİLİM DALI SOVYET SONRASI RUSYA’DA TOPLUMSAL MUHALEFETİN EKONOMİ POLİTİĞİ DOKTORA TEZİ Tez Danışmanı Prof. Dr. Filiz ZABCI TEZ JÜRİSİ ÜYELERİ Adı ve Soyadı İmzası 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- Tez Savunması Tarihi T.C. ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’ne, Prof. Dr. Filiz ZABCI danışmanlığında hazırladığım “Sovyet Sonrası Rusya’da Toplumsal Muhalefetin Ekonomi Politiği (Ankara.2018)” adlı doktora tezimdeki bütün bilgilerin akademik kurallara ve etik davranış ilkelerine uygun olarak toplanıp sunulduğunu, başka kaynaklardan aldığım bilgileri metinde ve kaynakçada eksiksiz olarak gösterdiğimi, çalışma sürecinde bilimsel araştırma ve etik kurallarına uygun olarak davrandığımı ve aksinin ortaya çıkması durumunda her türlü yasal sonucu kabul edeceğimi beyan ederim. Tarih: Adı-Soyadı ve İmza Emek YILDIRIM TEŞEKKÜR Ortaya çıkan bu çalışmanın yazılması, hazırlanması sürecinde benden kıymetli katkılarını esirgemeyen başta tez danışmanım Prof. Dr. Filiz Zabcı olmak üzere Tez İzleme Jürisi’nin diğer iki değerli ismi olan Doç. Dr. Pınar Bedirhanoğlu’na ve Prof. Dr. Erel Tellal’a teşekkür etmeyi bir borç bilirim. Ayrıca, Tez Savunma Jürisi’nde yer alıp, verdikleri onulmaz katkılarıyla bu çalışmanın gelişimine destek sağlayan Doç. Dr. Şebnem Oğuz’a ve Prof. -
The Observance of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights by the Soviet Union
AO-A093 577 DEPARTM4ENT OF STATE WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF EXTERNAL--ETC F/S 5/14 POLITICAL RIGHTS BY--ETCfUI 17A-A 1- 7 THE OBSERVANCE OF THE COVENANT ON CIVIL AND IUNCLASSIFIED FAR-3013 NL UflMENEMffllf INSTITUTE ON SOC& T LAW V VALERY CHALIDZE N JHE OBSERVANCE OF THE COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS BY THE SOVIET UNION. Chief Consultant- Leon Lipson Consultants: Alexander Volpin I Konstantin Simis co George Ginsburgs Translation of the basic text: George Ginsburgs Collection of examples: Ludmilla Alexeyeva Pavel Litvinov This paper is written to order of the U.S. State Department I 'Lij New York, 1980 I 6'v Was p si fr~D epar~ter! of S~ i DIMUU'RIBTI NST ENT A f4rnea nerem ccu: nc, be .!-erpre!,-j 3z rev ,nt~ Approved for pu-Uc relea ;.;CY :" > "er e <- 9, i,•"-" THE OBSERVANCE OF THE COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS BY THE SOVIET UNION Table of Contents Page Introduction 1 Article 1. The Right of Self-Determination 9 Article 2. The Duty of States Party to the Covenant to 25 Respect and Ensure Human Rights Article 3. The Right of Men and Women to Equal Enjoyment 39 of all Civil and Political Rights Set Forth in the Covenant Article 4. The Right of States Party to the Present 41 Covenant to Take Measures Derogating from their obligations under the Present Covenant Article 5. Protection from Curtailment of any of the Rights 43 and Freedoms Recognized in the Present Covenant Article 6. Protection of the Right to Life 44 Article 7. -
Ro'i Jewish Movement.Indd
13 How the Movement Was Funded Michael Beizer On January 2, 1986, the aliya activist Vladimir Lifshitz was arrested and imprisoned in Leningrad. Reacting quickly to the crisis, the family of the late Academician Vladimir (Yerahmiel) Yoffe, who had often supported Jewish causes in the past, offered to provide a living allowance to the wife and children of the accused man. The response, to their surprise, was: “Thank you so much—but they are already receiving aid.”1 The Yoffes did not know that by that time an effective support network had been estab- lished for Soviet Prisoners of Zion and aliya activists. The Sensitivity of the Topic No meaningful movement can be sustained without funding. Already in the movement’s early stages, in the late 1960s, activists in at least three cities—Moscow, Leningrad, and Riga—had a kitty at their disposal. When its “treasurer” received an exit permit, he would transfer the money to a successor. David Khavkin received his exit permit in July 1969 and con- signed to Meir Gelfond the money that he had accumulated for purposes of Zionist activity. Gelfond also had a small sum in his possession from be- fore the Six-Day War, and he received a further sum from Yosef Khorol who brought it with him when he left for Israel in 1969 (money that had reached Riga from Israel via Poland). As early as 1957, a number of former 1. This is how Boris Kelman, another Jewish activist, related the incident to the author in January 1986. On the Yoffe family, see: Berta Yoffe, Semeinye zapiski (Haifa, 2003). -
Eur460011971eng.Pdf
tc [This is a rather literal translation of the typewritten Russian original produced in Moscow and circulated in satnizdat, Only the words in square brackets have been added by the translators. The Russian text is due to appear in Passel); Vosmoi spetsialnyi vypusk, Frankfurt] J1131/DICEFIPIE 13 3A11114TY EIPA13 4EJIOBEKA B COBETCKOM C0103E 17P0J4'OJDICAETCH The Movement in Defence of Human Rights in the Soviet Union Continues A Chronicle of Current Events "Everyone has the right to free- dom o! opinion and expvssion: this right includes freedom to hold Opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart infor- •ation and ideas through any meant atul regardless of frontiers." Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19 Issue No. 17 31 December 1970 (Moscow) T! hird year of publication CONTENTS The trial of Amalrik and Ubozhko. Andrei Amalrik's final address. The trial of Valentin Moroz. Solzhenitsyn's letter to the Nobel Foundation. The Committee for Human Rights in the USSR. Public statements regarding the trial of Pimenov. Vail and Zinoveva. The Leningrad trial of the "hi-jackers". Trials of recent years: the case of the UNF [Ukrainian National Front]. Persecution of Jews wishing to emigrate to Israel. Rigerman. American citizenship and the Soviet police. The fate of Fritz Mender. Political prisoners in the Mordovian camps. News in brief. Samizdat news. [index.] 1 The Trial of Amalrik and Ubozhko The trial of Andrei Amalrik and in Uhozhko (see Chronicle Nos. 13, 14, 15, 16) was held in Sverdlovsk [in W. Siberia] on 11-12 November 1970. The Judge was A. Shalayev, the people's assessors-- Korobeinikova and Orlov. -
Xp Friedman I-X-094
Friedman & Chernin: A Second Exodus page i A Second Exodus Friedman & Chernin: A Second Exodus page ii BRANDEIS SERIES IN AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY, CULTURE, AND LIFE Jonathan D. Sarna, Editor Sylvia Barack Fishman, Associate Editor Leon A. Jick, 1992 The Americanization of the Synagogue, 1820–1870 Sylvia Barack Fishman, editor, 1992 Follow My Footprints: Changing Images of Women in American Jewish Fiction Gerald Tulchinsky, 1993 Taking Root: The Origins of the Canadian Jewish Community Shalom Goldman, editor, 1993 Hebrew and the Bible in America: The First Two Centuries Marshall Sklare, 1993 Observing America’s Jews Reena Sigman Friedman, 1994 These Are Our Children: Jewish Orphanages in the United States, 1880–1925 Alan Silverstein, 1994 Alternatives to Assimilation: The Response of Reform Judaism to American Culture, 1840–1930 Jack Wertheimer, editor, 1995 The American Synagogue: A Sanctuary Transformed Sylvia Barack Fishman, 1995 A Breath of Life: Feminism in the American Jewish Community Diane Matza, editor, 1996 Sephardic-American Voices: Two Hundred Years of a Literary Legacy Joyce Antler, editor, 1997 Talking Back: Images of Jewish Women in American Popular Culture Jack Wertheimer, 1997 A People Divided: Judaism in Contemporary America Beth S. Wenger and Jeffrey Shandler, editors, 1998 Encounters with the “Holy Land”: Place, Past and Future in American Jewish Culture David Kaufman, 1998 Shul with a Pool: The “Synagogue-Center” in American Jewish History Roberta Rosenberg Farber and Chaim I. Waxman, 1999 Jews in America: A Contemporary Reader Murray Friedman and Albert D. Chernin, 1999 A Second Exodus: The American Movement to Free Soviet Jews Stephen J. Whitfield, 1999 In Search of American Jewish Culture Friedman & Chernin: A Second Exodus page iii A Second Exodus THE AMERICAN MOVEMENT TO FREE SOVIET JEWS Murray Friedman and Albert D. -
A Thematic Survey of the Documents of the Moscow Helsinki Group
COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 A THEMATIC SURVEY OF THE DOCUMENTS OF THE MOSCOW HELSINKI GROUP Based on materials by Lyudmila Alekseeva, Moscow Helsinki Group Representative. Translated and edited by the staff of the CSCE Conmisssion. MAY 12, 1981 TABLE OF CONTENTS Moscow Helsinki Group: Background ............................................... I Working Methods ......................................... 2 Present Status .......................................... 6 Documents of the Moscow Helsinki Group: I Equal Rights and the Right of National Self-determination ................................. 6 II Free Choice of Place of Residence in the USSR ...... 9 III The Right to Leave One's Country and Return ........ 12 IV Freedom of Conscience .............................. 14 V The Individual's Right to Know and Act Upon this Right .............................................. 15 VI Socio-Economic Rights .............................. 19 VII The Right to a Fair Trial .......................... 21 VIII The Situation of Prisoners of Conscience ........... 22 IX Psychiatric Repressions ............................ 24 X Human Contacts ..................................... 24 Xi How to Improve Monitoring Compliance with the Final Dkct ................................................ 25 Moscow Helsinki Group Document 138, "An Appeal to the Madrid Conference" .................................. 27 Imprisoned Members of the Helsinki Monitoring Groups ......... 30 THE MOSCOW HELSINKI -
Human Rights Education As the Outcome of Human Rights Movements
HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION AS THE OUTCOME OF HUMAN RIGHTS MOVEMENTS Uta Gerlant “THE LAW IS OUR ONLY LANGUAGE”: SOVIET DISSIDENTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS “Adhere to the Soviet Constitution!” was one of the slogans on the banners waved at the independent Moscow demonstration on December 5, 1965 on behalf of the arrested authors Yuli Daniel and Andrei Sinyavsky. Dan- iel and Sinyavsky had published writings under pseudonyms abroad and stood accused of “anti-Soviet propa- ganda.” With the knowledge that the state had unlimited power to “violate the law behind closed doors,” some 200 protesters demanded that the trial be open to the public.1 This demonstration became an annual event. In 1977, the demonstration was moved from December 5, the anniversary of the Soviet Constitution, to December 10, the international day of human rights. Ludmilla Alexeyeva later called this the “birthday of the human rights movement.”2 The 1965 demonstration in front of the Pushkin memorial was organized by the mathematician Alexander Esenin-Volpin, who became one of the mentors of the human rights movement.3 As Vladimir Bukovsky later remembered, “Alik was the first person who met with us, who spoke to us in a serious way about Soviet law. We all laughed at him. … Who would have thought at the time that the … amusing Alik Volpin … would spark 1 Call for a public demonstration on December 1965; see Alexander Ginsburg, ed., Weißbuch in Sachen Sinjawskij – Daniel (Frankfurt a.M., 1967): 44. Al- though the trial was in theory open to the public, access to the courtroom was by invitation only; only the wives of the two writers were permitted to attend. -
Soviet Jewry (3) Box: 24
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Green, Max: Files Folder Title: Soviet Jewry (3) Box: 24 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ SOVIET JEWRY AND THE TRADE COMPONENT With the fate of more than 2 million Soviet Jews in the balance, many aspects of a growing US-USSR relationship hold lifeline potential for Jewish emigration. Trade links between the two countries, among other ties, offer special hope to those struggling to be repatriated to Israel, and to rejoin their families. In our view any future efforts to enlarge trading activity between the US and the Soviet Union must reflect an under standing of the reciprocal obligations involved, including the protection of human rights. The basic objective of the Jackson-Yanik Amendment, officially known as the Freedom of Emigration Amendment to the Trade Reform Act (1974), as a tangible expression of support for human rights, has' !widespread appeal. ~ , As long QS ~he USSR desires US credits to purchase American technology, or seeks to expand exports to this country, we strongly support the Jackson-Vanik Amendment, which recognizes human rights violations and imposes restraints on trade, with "non-market economies" whose govern ments deprive their citizens of the right to leave. As long as the Soviet Union persecutes Jewish life and clamps down on emigration, we oppose either a repeal of the trade legislation in place or executive waivers as provided in the statute. -
Implementation of the Helsinki Accords
BASKET THREE: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HELSINKI ACCORDS HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE NINETY-FIFTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HELSINKI ACCORDS Volume VI SOVIET LAW AND THE HELSINKI MONITORS JUNE 6, 1978 Printed for the use of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 32-057 WASHINGTON: 1978 For sale by the Superintendnet of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida, Chairman CLAIBORNE PELL, Rhode Island, Co-Chairman DICK CLARK, Iowa SIDNEY R. YATES, Illinois PATRICK J. LEAHY, Vermont JONATHAN B. BINGHAM, New York RICHARD STONE, Florida PAUL SIMON, Illinois CLIFFORD P. CASE, New Jersey JOHN BUCHANAN, Alabama ROBERT DOLE, Kansas MILLICENT FENWICK, New Jersey EXECUTIVE BRANCH PATRICIA DERIAN, Department of State DAVID McGIFFERT, Department of Defense FRANK WEIL, Department of Commerce R. SPENCER OLIVER, Staff Director and General Counsel GuY E. CORIDEN, Deputy Steaff Director ALFRED FRIENDLY, Senior Consultant CATHY COSMAN, Staff Assistant LYNNE DAVIDSON, Staff Assistant MEG DONOVAN, Staff Assistant ESTER Knaz, Staff Assistant SUSAN PEDERSON, Staff Assistant HELEN SEN, Staff Assistant ANNE SIEGEL, Coordinator (II) CONTENTS IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HELSINKI ACCORDS: SOVIET LAW AND THE HELSINKI MONITORS WITNESSES Tuesday, June 6, 1978: Page Williams, Edward Bennett, Washington trial lawyer, American counsel for Aleksandr Ginzburg, imprisoned member of Moscow Hlelsinlki Watch Group and administrator of Solzhenitsyn. Fund for the Aid of Political Prisoners and their Families…-------------.___ 3 Dershowitz, Alan, professor, Hlarvard Law School, civil liberties activist, American counsel for Anatoly Shcharansky, imprisoned Jewish activist and member of the Moscow Helsinki Watch Group-_ 45 Clark, Ramsey, former U.S. -
La Défense Des Droits Humains En Union Soviétique Sous Brejnev
Entre coopération et répression: la défense des droits humains en Union soviétique sous Brejnev. Étude du Groupe Helsinki de Moscou Mémoire Zoé Allen-Mercier Maîtrise en histoire Maître ès arts (M.A.) Québec, Canada © Zoé Allen-Mercier, 2018 ii Résumé Ce mémoire porte sur le Groupe Helsinki de Moscou et son évolution au sein de l’Union soviétique dans les années 1970 et 1980. Celui-ci y est présenté en tant qu’association dissidente originale de par son pouvoir de convergence parmi les sources d’opposition et son succès à mobiliser les instances étrangères à la cause des droits humains en URSS. L’étude se penche plus spécifiquement sur la portée de ses activités à la fois sur la conduite du gouvernement à l’intérieur du pays et sur la création d’un réseau d’activisme au-delà des frontières du régime. En maintenant une approche orientée selon ces deux perspectives, à savoir celle de la politique intérieure de l’URSS et celle de l’évolution du contexte international, il s’agit de mettre en évidence la contribution du groupe à la montée d’une opposition au régime soviétique et à ses pratiques humainitaires, mais également d’en souligner les limites. À travers cette narrative, se révèleront donc les contours du régime soviétique sous Léonid Brejnev, sa nature, ses priorités et son caractère répressif. iii Abstract This thesis focuses on the Moscow Helsinki Group and its evolution in the Soviet Union during the 1970s and 1980s. The Group’s work is presented as an original form of dissidence due to its ability to converge the sources of opposition and its success in mobilizing foreign advocacy groups to the cause of human rights in the USSR.