ARTICLE On the identity of Lepidodexia (Orosarcophaga) ornata (Townsend, 1927) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and a new generic synonym Cátia Antunes de Mello-Patiu¹² & Paula Raile Riccardi¹³ ¹ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Museu Nacional (MN), Departamento de Entomologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. ² ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-0952. E-mail: [email protected] ³ ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-7524. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The revision of the sarcophagid species Lepidodexia (Orosarcophaga) ornata (Townsend, 1927) reveals its identity and a generic synonym. The male terminalia of this species was studied in detail for the first time and revealed its congeneric affinities with Oxyvinia Dodge, 1966. Consequently, the generic status of Orosarcophaga Townsend, 1927 was revalidated, including Oxyvinia Dodge, 1966 as its junior synonym, and O. ornata was corroborated as a valid species and name. Moreover, we provide an updated generic diagnosis of Orosarcophaga, a list of the eleven species of the genus with their distribution, and a detailed diagnosis of O. ornata. Keywords. Flesh fly; Morphology; Sarcophagine; Taxonomy. INTRODUCTION Orodexia and Orosarcophaga due to the need for a revision of Lepidodexia [s.l.], with the decision The genus Lepidodexia sensu Pape (1996) being made then by the first reviser. is composed of 32 subgenera, of which 11 are Townsend (1927: 342) described Orosarco- monotypic (e.g., Orosarcophaga), and it is rec- phaga ornata based on one male and one female ognized mainly by some features present in the specimens, showing only general coloration char- male terminalia (Pape, 1996; Buenaventura & acteristics. Later, Townsend (1938: 47) presented a Pape, 2018). For some Lepidodexia species, this more complete description of the genus and spe- structure was never represented in the literature, cies and designated the male specimen as a “ho- leading to some doubts about the generic place- lotype” [correctly, it should be lectotype], but the ment of such taxa, as is the case of Lepidodexia author did not provide any aspect of the termina- (Orosarcophaga) ornata. lia or illustrations. This type specimen had never The species currently recognized as Lepidodexia been studied since. Therefore, the male terminalia (Orosarcophaga) ornata (Townsend, 1927) was of the lectotype of O. ornata was studied in detail originally described in the monotypic genus for the first time herein, along with other speci- Orosarcophaga Townsend, 1927. Later, this genus mens recently collected in Brazil. was considered a junior synonym of Lepidodexia by Pape (1996), who gave a subgeneric status to Orosarcophaga, keeping only its type species. MATERIAL AND METHODS The same action was proposed by Pape (1996) for Orodexia Townsend, 1927 and Orobrachycoma The lectotype of Orosarcophaga ornata Townsend, 1927, which resulted in the second- housed at the National Museum of Natural History ary homonym of Lepidodexia (Orosarcophaga) (USNM), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, was ornata (Townsend, 1927), Lepidodexia (Orodexia) examined along with two additional specimens of ornata (Townsend, 1927), and Lepidodexia the Museu Nacional (MNRJ), Universidade Federal (Orosarcophaga) ornata (Townsend, 1927). Also, do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. For morpholog- Pape (1996) did not explain his criteria for this ical comparisons, seven specimens of six species taxonomic arrangement but stressed that no ac- of Oxyvinia and two specimens of Hallina retusa tion was taken to correct the homonymy between (Hall, 1933) from the MNRJ were examined, as well Pap. Avulsos Zool., 2021; v.61: e20216135 ISSN On-Line: 1807-0205 http://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.35 ISSN Printed: 0031-1049 http://www.revistas.usp.br/paz ISNI: 0000-0004-0384-1825 http://www.scielo.br/paz Edited by: Carlos José Einicker Lamas http://zoobank.org/7742C7F7-0017-49D0-8495-1921C3EC817F Received: 17/08/2020 Accepted: 15/01/2021 Published: 31/03/2021 Pap. Avulsos Zool., 2021; v.61: e20216135 Mello-Patiu, C.A. & Riccardi, P.R.: Identity of Lepidodexia (Orosarcophaga) ornata 2/6 as literature data on all known Oxyvinia species. We pro- base in profile; phallus with a distinct hinge between vide additional information on the examined material basi- and distiphallus; paraphallus bent in its proximal between brackets. third; well-developed vesica with proximal section (ves- Pictures were taken with the software LAS coupled to ical arm-shaped lever sensu Buenaventura & Pape, 2018) a stereomicroscope and assembled in software Helicon covering the remaining parts and distal section bifid; Focus 6. After the abdomen removal, the male termina- juxta attached to the paraphallus with a smooth surface, lia were treated with 10% KOH at 40 for 25 min, then often with a sclerotized distal portion and a membra- ℃ rinsed in 1% acetic acid and transferred to a microvial with nous proximal portion; median stylus with a basal pair of glycerin. Drawings were made using a camara lucida cou- elongated processes (capitis sensu Buenaventura & Pape, pled to a microscope, then edited using Adobe Illustrator 2018); robust lateral styli with an elongated base that ex- CS software. The external morphology nomenclature fol- tends laterally towards the paraphallus wall. lows Cumming & Wood (2017) and, for the distiphallus el- ements, Mello-Patiu & Pape (2000), except “median stylus” Distribution: Neotropical. and “paraphallus”, which are under the concepts by Giroux et al. (2010) and Whitmore et al. (2013), respectively. Comments: No females were available; therefore, they were not included in the generic diagnosis. RESULTS Included species After a detailed morphological study of Orosarcophaga angolensis (Hall) 1937: 374 (Sarcophaga). Type locali- ornata, it is clear to state that this species indeed shares ty: Chile, La Araucanía, Angol. Distribution: Chile (La diagnostic features with members of the genus Oxyvinia Araucanía, Tarapacá). Ref. Lopes (1969); Pape (1996). Dodge, 1966, as those elucidated by Dodge (1966), Lopes New combination (1982), Pape (1996), and Buenaventura & Pape (2018). In excisa (Lopes) 1950: 361 (Dexosarcophaga). Brazil, Rio consequence, we revalidate Orosarcophaga as a valid ge- de Janeiro, Guanabara, Grajaú. Distribution: Peru, neric name. Moreover, O. ornata does not resemble any Argentina, Brazil (Mato Grosso, Rio de Janeiro). Ref. other species currently allocated in Oxyvinia, and it is cor- Lopes (1969); Pape (1996); Dufek et al. (2020). New roborated as a valid species as well. combination Ten species have been recognized in Oxyvinia, but grata (Lopes) 1953: 44 (Dexosarcophaga). Type locality: Pape (1996) included eleven species in his catalog due Ecuador, Azuay, Cuenca. Distribution: Ecuador, Peru. to the inclusion of O. retusa (Hall, 1933). In the work by Ref. Lopes (1969); Pape (1996). New combination Pape (1996), this species was cataloged twice, as both grisea (Lopes) 1982: 290 (Oxyvinia). Type locality: Peru, Hallina (page 234) and Oxyvinia (page 272). Lopes (1975) Junin, San Ramon, Estancia Naranjal. Distribution: reviewed the species described by David Hall from Peru. Ref. Pape (1996). New combination Panama and furnished its redescription as Hallina retusa. ornata Townsend, 1927: 342 (Orosarcophaga). Type local- Our examination of the specimens deposited at the MNRJ ity: Brazil, São Paulo, Itaquaquecetuba. Distribution: also showed that H. retusa does not really resemble the Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo). Ref. Lopes (1969); Oxyvinia species, and we did not include it in our checklist. Pape (1996); additional material. New status Below, we provide an updated generic diagnosis of panamensis (Lopes) 1988: 132 (Oxyvinia). Type locality: Orosarcophaga, including features of the male termina- Panama, Chiriqui, Potrecillos. Distribution: Panama. lia, a list of the eleven species of the genus with their dis- Ref. Pape (1996). New combination tribution, and a detailed diagnosis of O. ornata. piliventris (Dodge) 1966: 692 (Oxyvinia). Type locality: Venezuela, Cerro Avila, nr [near] Caracas. Distribution: Venezuela. Ref. Lopes (1969); Pape (1996). New Genus Orosarcophaga Townsend combination uraricoera (Tibana & Lopes) 1990: 669 (Oxyvinia). Type Orosarcophaga Townsend, 1927: 231. Type species: locality: Brazil, Roraima, Rio Uraricoera, Maraca I. Orosarcophaga ornata Townsend, 1927, by original Distribution: Brazil (Roraima). Ref. Pape (1996). New designation. New status combination Oxyvinia Dodge, 1966: 692. Type species: Oxyvinia vittata (Lopes) 1982: 288 (Oxyvinia). Type locality: Bolivia, piliventris Dodge, 1966, by original designation. New El Limbo. Distribution: Bolivia. Ref. Pape (1996). New synonym combination wicharti (Lopes) 1953: 46 (Dexosarcophaga). Type local- Generic diagnosis: Rows of almost parallel frontal setae; ity: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia. Distribution: Brazil parafacial plate with setulae only; four dorsocentral post- (Rio de Janeiro), Colombia. Ref. Lopes (1969); Pape sutural setae; postalar wall setose; vein R₁ bare; ctenid- (1996), Buenaventura et al. (2020). New combination ium on mid femur; male ST 5 with cushion-like protu- xanthophora (Schiner) 1868: 313 (Sarcophaga). Type berances in the inner margins of the cleft (Fig. 2B; arrow) locality: Venezuela [“Süd-Amerika”]. Distribution: covered by setae or spines; reddish or yellowish-brown Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil (Paraná). Ref. Lopes male terminalia; apically curved pregonite relative to the (1969); Pape (1996). New combination Mello-Patiu,