Seasons Relative Abundance
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A 2010 Supplement to Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard Papers in the Biological Sciences 2010 The World’s Waterfowl in the 21st Century: A 2010 Supplement to Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World Paul A. Johnsgard University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosciducksgeeseswans Part of the Ornithology Commons Johnsgard, Paul A., "The World’s Waterfowl in the 21st Century: A 2010 Supplement to Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World" (2010). Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard. 20. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosciducksgeeseswans/20 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. The World’s Waterfowl in the 21st Century: A 200 Supplement to Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World Paul A. Johnsgard Pages xvii–xxiii: recent taxonomic changes, I have revised sev- Introduction to the Family Anatidae eral of the range maps to conform with more current information. For these updates I have Since the 978 publication of my Ducks, Geese relied largely on Kear (2005). and Swans of the World hundreds if not thou- Other important waterfowl books published sands of publications on the Anatidae have since 978 and covering the entire waterfowl appeared, making a comprehensive literature family include an identification guide to the supplement and text updating impossible. -
Sea Duck Curriculum Revised
Sea Ducks of Alaska Activity Guide Acknowledgments Contact Information: Project Coordinator: Marilyn Sigman, Center for Alaskan Coastal Studies Education: Written By: Sea Duck Activity Guide, Teaching Kit and Display: Elizabeth Trowbridge, Center for Alaskan Coastal Marilyn Sigman Center for Alaskan Coastal Studies Studies P.O. Box 2225 Homer, AK 99603 Illustrations by: (907) 235-6667 Bill Kitzmiller, Conrad Field and Fineline Graphics [email protected] (Alaska Wildlife Curriculum Illustrations), Elizabeth Alaska Wildlife Curricula Trowbridge Robin Dublin Wildlife Education Coordinator Reviewers: Alaska Dept. of Fish & Game Marilyn Sigman, Bree Murphy, Lisa Ellington, Tim Division of Wildlife Conservation Bowman, Tom Rothe 333 Raspberry Rd. Anchorage, AK 99518-1599 (907)267-2168 Funded By: [email protected] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Coastal Program and Scientific/technical Information: The Alaska Department of Fish and Game, State Duck Tim Bowman Stamp Program Sea Duck Joint Venture Coordinator (Pacific) The Center for Alaskan Coastal Studies would like to thank U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service the following people for their time and commitment to sea 1011 E. Tudor Rd. duck education: Tim Bowman, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Anchorage, AK 99503 Service, Sea Duck Joint Venture Project, for providing (907) 786-3569 background technical information, photographs and [email protected] support for this activity guide and the sea duck traveling SEADUCKJV.ORG display; Tom Rothe and Dan Rosenberg of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game for technical information, Tom Rothe presentations and photographs for both the sea duck Waterfowl Coordinator traveling display and the activity guide species identifica- Alaska Dept. of Fish & Game tion cards; John DeLapp, U.S. -
The Relationships of the Starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnini) and the Mockingbirds (Sturnidae: Mimini)
THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE STARLINGS (STURNIDAE: STURNINI) AND THE MOCKINGBIRDS (STURNIDAE: MIMINI) CHARLESG. SIBLEYAND JON E. AHLQUIST Departmentof Biologyand PeabodyMuseum of Natural History,Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511 USA ABSTRACT.--OldWorld starlingshave been thought to be related to crowsand their allies, to weaverbirds, or to New World troupials. New World mockingbirdsand thrashershave usually been placed near the thrushesand/or wrens. DNA-DNA hybridization data indi- cated that starlingsand mockingbirdsare more closelyrelated to each other than either is to any other living taxon. Some avian systematistsdoubted this conclusion.Therefore, a more extensiveDNA hybridizationstudy was conducted,and a successfulsearch was made for other evidence of the relationshipbetween starlingsand mockingbirds.The resultssup- port our original conclusionthat the two groupsdiverged from a commonancestor in the late Oligoceneor early Miocene, about 23-28 million yearsago, and that their relationship may be expressedin our passerineclassification, based on DNA comparisons,by placing them as sistertribes in the Family Sturnidae,Superfamily Turdoidea, Parvorder Muscicapae, Suborder Passeres.Their next nearest relatives are the members of the Turdidae, including the typical thrushes,erithacine chats,and muscicapineflycatchers. Received 15 March 1983, acceptedI November1983. STARLINGS are confined to the Old World, dine thrushesinclude Turdus,Catharus, Hylocich- mockingbirdsand thrashersto the New World. la, Zootheraand Myadestes.d) Cinclusis -
Hand-Raising and Rehabilitation of Mynas
Hand-raising and rehabilitation of mynas Corina Gardner Hill mynas David Lim Introduction Mynas are average sized (about 22-28 cms) passerine birds which belong to the family of starlings, Sturnidea. The term ‘myna’ is commonly used to refer to starlings in India. Mynas are commonly distributed throughout Southern and Eastern Asia. These birds have duller plumage and are more terrestrial compared to other members of the starling family. 1 Rehabber’s Den © 2012 Hand-raising and rehabilitation of mynas Common myna Acridotheres tristis The common myna is widely distributed throughout India and Asia and has also been introduced to many parts of the world. The species lives in woodlands and near human habitations. They have brown plumage, a black head, throat and breast, while the bill and legs are yellow. They also have a distinctive yellow patch behind the eyes. They are omnivorous birds and will scavenge for just about anything including discarded scraps, insects, seeds, grain and fruit. They roost in large trees and build their nests in walls and rooftops of buildings. Common myna Tris Jungle myna Acridotheres fuscus Jungle mynas are found in and around the Indian subcontinent. They have brownish grey plumage, a tuft of feathers on their heads, white patches on their 2 Rehabber’s Den © 2012 Hand-raising and rehabilitation of mynas primaries and a white tipped tail. They typically live in forests, tea plantations and near paddy fields. They are omnivorous birds and their diet often consists of insects, fruit, seeds and even nectar from flowers. Jungle myna Devna Arora Bank myna Acridotheres ginginianus This species of myna is found primarily in the Indian subcontinent. -
Histrionicus Histrionicus, Harlequin Duck
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T22680423A132527785 Scope: Global Language: English Histrionicus histrionicus, Harlequin Duck Assessment by: BirdLife International View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: BirdLife International. 2018. Histrionicus histrionicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22680423A132527785. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018- 2.RLTS.T22680423A132527785.en Copyright: © 2018 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona State University; BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Aves Anseriformes Anatidae Taxon Name: Histrionicus histrionicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Regional Assessments: • Europe Common Name(s): • English: Harlequin Duck, Harlequin Taxonomic Source(s): Cramp, S. -
European Starling
Living EUROPEAN with Wildlife STARLING in BC #6 “Living with Wildlife” is a series of nine wildlife management guides for the agricultural and natural resource sectors, as well as rural land owners. Opons for wildlife management, worker safety, and animal deterrents are provided for each species. Many guides suggest compleng wildlife conflict management plans. Web links to the guides and other resources are on the back page. Consult the “Conflict Reducon Guide” for wildlife deterrent management opons. European Starling, Sturnus vulgaris Birds that are aracted to BC orchards and vineyards include flickers, robins, and blackbirds but the most numerous and problemac species is the European Starling which was introduced to North America over one hundred years ago, and has become a major agricultural pest. European Starlings range from Alaska to northern Mexico with an American populaon of over 200 million birds. Starlings have successfully adapted to rural and urban habitats where they find nest cavies in man-made structures. They aggressively compete with nave bird species for nest spaces in tree holes and natural cavies and are a factor in the decline of some nave bird species. European Starling summer Starlings have glossy black plumage that shines with a green-purple iridescence in the spring. In summer, new brown plumage has gold flecks and white spots. Winter birds are brownish-black with fine light spots. Sounds include whistles, liquid warbles, trills and imitaons of other birds and animals. Varied diet of insects, grubs, fruit and grain. Forage in small groups on lawns and fields with short vegetaon. Large flocks forage in fields and farms in late summer through winter. -
Updated Ethography for European Starlings (Sturnus Vulgaris) In
Updated Ethography for European Starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris ) in Central Coast Vineyards A Senior Project presented to The Faculty of the Wine and Viticulture Department California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Wine & Viticulture by Vic A. Guerrero March, 2014 © 2014 Vic Guerrero Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 22 Formatted: Font: 12 pt LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................ 33 STARLING BEHAVIOR ............................................................................................................ 1211 THE ORIGINAL EXPERIMENT AND RESULTS .......................................................................... 1413 TIME LINE ............................................................................................................................. 1514 UPDATED ETHOGRAM .......................................................................................................... 2322 PLAN FOR CONTROL ............................................................................................................. 2524 APPENDIX A: ......................................................................................................................... 2826 APPENDIX B: ........................................................................................................................ -
(Harlequin Duck) European Red List of Birds Supplementary Material
Histrionicus histrionicus (Harlequin Duck) European Red List of Birds Supplementary Material The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015). Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 4 Sources of reported national population data p. 7 Species factsheet bibliography p. 8 Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/ Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected]. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Histrionicus histrionicus (Harlequin Duck) Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term -
Stars in Their Eyes: Iris Colour and Pattern in Common Mynas Acridotheres Tristis on Denis and North Islands, Seychelles
Chris J. Feare et al. 61 Bull. B.O.C. 2015 135(1) Stars in their eyes: iris colour and pattern in Common Mynas Acridotheres tristis on Denis and North Islands, Seychelles Chris J. Feare, Hannah Edwards, Jenni A. Taylor, Phill Greenwell, Christine S. Larose, Elliott Mokhoko & Mariette Dine Received 7 August 2014 Summary.—An examination of Common Mynas Acridotheres tristis, trapped during eradication attempts on Denis and North Islands, Seychelles, revealed a wide variety of background colours and patterns of silvery white spots (which we named ‘stars’) in the irises. Explanations for the variation were sought via comparison of iris colour and pattern with the birds’ age, sex, body condition, primary moult score and gonad size, and a sample of live birds was kept in captivity to examine temporal changes in iris colour and pattern. Juveniles initially had grey irises without stars, but through gradual mottling stars developed and other colours, especially brown, developed as bands within the iris. These changes took place within 3–7 weeks of capture; no major changes were observed in the irises of a small sample of adults over 17 weeks in captivity. No sex differences in colour or pattern were detected, but seasonal differences were apparent, particularly in that multiple bands of stars were more common in the breeding season, and grey irises were more prevalent in the non-breeding season. There was no association between iris colour/pattern and body condition index or primary moult score, but only in females was there a suggestion of a relationship between gonad size and two of the colour/star categories. -
Population Trends of the Finnish Starling Sturnus Vulgaris, 1952–1998, As Inferred from Annual Ringing Totals
Ann. Zool. Fennici 40: 365–385 ISSN 0003-455X Helsinki 29 August 2003 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2003 Population trends of the Finnish starling Sturnus vulgaris, 1952–1998, as inferred from annual ringing totals Jukka Rintala1,2, Juha Tiainen1 & Timo Pakkala2 1) Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 6, FIN-00721 Helsinki, Finland (e-mail: fi rst name.surname@rktl.fi ) 2) Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 17, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland (e-mail: [email protected].fi ) Received 18 Dec. 2002, revised version received 28 May 2003, accepted 2 June 2003 Rintala, J., Tiainen, J. & Pakkala, T. 2003: Population trends of the Finnish starling Sturnus vul- garis, 1952–1998, as inferred from annual ringing totals. — Ann. Zool. Fennici 40: 365–385. Finnish starling populations have declined, a phenomenon fi rst noted towards the end of the 1970s. Here we use national ringing totals to estimate changes in the starling population. However, the numbers ringed depend not only on the population size but also on yearly variations in ringing activities. Thus, it was necessary to correct these totals based on the records of other ringed passerines. In this study, we used a Monte Carlo simulation based on time series regressions for the estimation of confi dence of indices. The results suggest that the population size from the early 1970s to the 1990s was signifi cantly smaller than in the 1950s and 1960s. It was concluded that (i) the population was fairly stable in the period 1952–1970, (ii) the population started a con- sistent decline around 1970, and (iii) the population declined by approximately 90% in the period 1970–1985. -
Long-Tailed Glossy Starling
LONG-TAILED GLOSSY STARLING PASSERIFORMES Family: Sturnidae Genus: Lamprotornis Species: caudatus Range: Tropical Africa from Senegal east to Sudan Habitat: Open woodland and cultivation Niche: Omnivorous, arboreal/terrestrial, diurnal Wild diet: primary diet of fruit and insects Zoo diet: Life Span: (Wild) (Captivity) 17.8 years Sexual dimorphism: none Location in SF Zoo: African Aviary APPEARANCE & PHYSICAL ADAPTATIONS: A small bird from the Starling family. Adults are metallic green upper body and violet breast with a purple tail. The underparts of these species lacks iridescence and may be blue, purple, yellow or brown. The face is black with a yellow eye. Juveniles have an overall brownish tone to its plumage. Juveniles are duller with brownish hue. Their long tails are used for balance and their feet are very good at gripping. Weight: Body Length: 21 in (including tail) Tail length: 13 in STATUS & CONSERVATION This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion. It is listed as least concern. The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as common in most areas. BIR- LONG-TAILED GLOSSY STARLING COMMUNICATION AND OTHER BEHAVIOR This is a gregarious species whose call is harsh and grating. They are omnivorous and mostly feed on the ground, although they will take fruit from trees. The Starling feeds on fruit and insects, but specializes in capturing invertebrates using a method called open bill probing. The starling uses its sharp beak to penetrate the ground and catch small invertebrates hiding underneath the shallow surface. -
Starlings and Mynas
Beneficial Starlings The Eurasian Rose-colored and African Wattled Starlings are believed Starlings to be beneficial due to their insect con trol near agricultural crops. Both species establish breeding colonies in and Mynas areas where swarms of locusts and by Susan Congdon, grasshoppers appear. It is believed that Disney's Animal Kingdom, FL they eat enough of these insects to protect food crops. banded and released have been sub Pest Starlings? he names starling and myna sequently recovered when found for There are some species of star are often used interchange sale in Indonesian bird markets. The ling/myna that are considered to be T ably similar to pigeoN. and conversion of forest to agricultural pests. The European Starling and dove. Myna is the Hindi word for star land, and deforestation for firewood Common Myna are two examples of ling and is often used for species native and human settlements have greatly this. European Starlings were intro to southern and southeastern Asia and decreased their natural habitat. duced to North America and are the southeastern Pacific. Many of the In response to the decreasing wild extremely gregarious. As well as dam Asian birds are known as both starlings population, the American Zoo and aging important crops they compete and mynas. Aquarium Association, Jersey Wildlife with native birds for hollows in which Preservation Trust, and the Indonesian to nest. Near Extinction ofthe Bali Myna government have set up a Species Common Mynas, introduced to There are 114 species in the Survival Program (SSP). The main goals many places including Hawaii and sturnidae family.