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Ch1 Overview

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Ch1 Overview RESERVATION OF RIGHTS A number of governments and agencies participated in the development of this Flathead Subbasin Plan, Part I (Assessment Volume), Part II (Inventory Volume), and Part III (Management Plan Volume), its appendices, and electronically linked references and information (hereafter Plan). The primary purpose of the Plan is to help direct Northwest Power and Conservation Council funding of projects that respond to impacts from the development and operation of the Columbia River hydropower system. Nothing in this Plan, or the participation in its development, is intended to, and shall not be interpreted to, compromise, influence, or preclude any government or agency from carrying out any past, present, or future duty or responsibility which it bears or may bear under any authority. Nothing in this Plan or the participation in its development constitutes a waiver or release of any rights, including the right to election of other remedies, or is intended to compromise, influence, or preclude any government or agency from developing and prosecuting any damage claim for those natural resource impacts identified in the Plan which are not directly and exclusively resulting from, or related to, the development and operation of the Columbia River hydropower system. Nothing in this Plan or the participation in its development is intended to, and shall not be interpreted to, waive any rights of enforcement of regulatory, adjudicatory, or police powers against potentially responsible parties for compliance with applicable laws and regulations pertaining to natural resource damages throughout the Flathead Subbasin whether or not specifically identified in this Plan. This Plan is the result of a group effort. Nothing in it or the participation in its development should be interpreted as constituting unqualified acceptance or endorsement of the Plan, its appendices, or any electronically linked reference or information by any party. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This assessment, much of which is a compilation of existing information, draws heavily on the previous work of many agencies, groups, educational institutions, consulting firms, and individuals. Throughout we have used excerpts or condensed or adapted sections from other reports, studies, and plans. In each case we have acknowledged such use. The Flathead River Subbasin Plan Technical Team expresses its gratitude for the use of these materials. The Technical Team also thanks Chip McConnaha, Drew Parkin, and Betsy Torell for their assistance with QHA, Paul Anders for his work on LQHA, Mike Panian for developing the terrestrial spreadsheet tool (TBA), Bob Jamieson for his revisions of the assessment outline and early organizational work on TBA, and Susan Ball and Volker Mell for their GIS work. We are also grateful to Albert Chirico and Mike Panian other colleagues in the British Columbia ministries for their help and cooperation with this effort. © 2004 Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes (CSKT) and Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (MFWP) Citation: Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes and Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. 2004. Flathead Subbasin Plan: Part I: Flathead River Subbasin Assessment. A report prepared for the Northwest Power and Conservation Council. Portland, OR. Lead Agency: CSKT Co-lead Agency: MFWP Subbasin Coordinator: Lynn DuCharme, CSKT Co-coordinator: Brian Marotz, MFWP Technical Team Lynn DuCharme Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Brian Marotz Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks Larry VanRinsum Flathead County Conservation District Leo Marnell Glacier National Park Albert Chirico BC Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management Mike Panian BC Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management Bob Jamieson Private Consultant Alan Wood Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks Scott Relyea Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana Seth Makepeace Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Barry Hansen Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Craig Barfoot Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Art Soukkala Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Steve Phillips US Forest Service (USFS), Flathead National Forest Fred Samson USFS, Region One Wade Fredenberg US Fish and Wildlife Service Bill Westover BC Ministry of Land, Water, and Air Protection Jeff Hutten Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks Tom Weaver Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks Dean Sirucek US Forest Service (USFS), Flathead National Forest Beth Gardner US Forest Service (USFS), Flathead National Forest Pat Van Eimeren US Forest Service (USFS), Flathead National Forest Herb Tepper BC Ministry of Land, Water, and Air Protection David Rockwell CW Consulting Document Prepared by David Rockwell GIS work by Susan Ball and Volker Mell, CSKT For information on this document, contact Lynn DuCharme, Subbasin Coordinator Brian Marotz, Subbasin Co-Coordinator Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks PO Box 278 490 North Meridian Rd Pablo, MT 59855 Kalispell, MT 59901 Phone: 406-675-2700 ext. 7279 Phone: (406) 751-4546 email: [email protected] [email protected] 2 INTRODUCTION This assessment constitutes the technical evaluation of the biological and physical characteristics of the Flathead Subbasin, the first step in the development of a subbasin plan, which will be reviewed and eventually adopted as part of the Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. The primary purpose of the plan will be to help direct Bonneville Power Administration funding of projects that protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife that have been adversely impacted by the development and operation of the Columbia River hydropower system. The primary purpose of the assessment is to bring together and synthesize technical information so that it can be used to develop the biological objectives For the PowerPoint introduction to the Kootenai that form the foundation of the management plan. It begins with an overview of and Flathead Subbasin Plans the subbasin environment. Chapter 2 examines in some detail the major biomes that the Subbasin found in the subbasin—aquatic, riparian/wetland, grassland, coniferous forest. Coordinators gave the Each of these biomes is evaluated in terms of ecological function and process and Independent Scientific Review how human activities have affected those functions and processes. For each biome Panel, go to Appendix 96. we also describe the current condition and several reference conditions. Chapter 3 assesses fish and wildlife communities in the subbasin, Chapter 4 examines the status of individual focal and target species. In Chapter 5, we present the results of a detailed aquatic evaluation of each 6th-code HUC in the subbasin and a terrestrial assessment of various units within each of our targeted biomes. This resulted in a ranking of the restoration potential and protection value of each. Finally, in the last chapter we interpret and synthesize our results, setting the stage for development of specific objectives, which make up the bulk of the management plan. It is our hope that this approach, moving from the broad (biomes and communities) to the more specific (individual species and 6th-code HUCs), is a logical framework for developing objectives and strategies to protect, mitigate, and enhance the fish and wildlife of the Flathead Subbasin. 3 This Page Intentionally Blank 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Reservation of Rights................................................................................................. 1 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 1 Subbasin Overview .................................................................................. 13 1.1 Subbasin Description ........................................................................................ 13 1.1.1 Land Status and Administrative Structure ................................................ 16 1.1.2 Climate ..................................................................................................... 20 1.1.3 Geology and Geomorphology .................................................................. 21 1.1.4 Hydrology ................................................................................................. 29 1.1.5 Soils and Landtypes .................................................................................. 35 1.1.6 Vegetation.................................................................................................. 37 1.2 The Subbasin in the Regional Context ............................................................. 45 1.2.1 Size, Placement, and Unique Qualities.................................................... 45 1.2.2 Relationship of the Subbasin to ESA Planning Units ............................... 47 1.2.3 External Environmental Conditions Impacting the Subbasin .................. 49 1.2.4 Macroclimate trends ................................................................................. 50 1.3 Fish, Wildlife, and Plant Species ...................................................................... 51 1.3.1 Vertebrate Species ..................................................................................... 51 1.3.2 Species at Risk .......................................................................................... 51 1.3.3 Aquatic Focal Species and Terrestrial Target Species ............................
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