State of the Nation Survey, August 2006 (Sponsored by CNN-IBN and The Hindu)

Preliminary Findings

Lokniti: Programme for Comparative Democracy Centre for the Study of Developing Societies 29 Rajpur Road, 110 054, Ph: 23942199; Fax: 23943450 Q1: Generally speaking, how safe is living in this city/town/village- safe, not so safe, or very unsafe?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Safe 11006 74.4 74.4 Not so safe 2817 19.1 19.1 Valid Very unsafe 764 5.2 5.2 No opinion 199 1.3 1.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q2: Compared to the situation in this city/town/village a few years ago, do you now feel more safe, less safe or the same as before?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent More safe 6556 44.3 44.3 Less safe 3835 25.9 25.9 Valid Same as before 4079 27.6 27.6 No opinion 316 2.1 2.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q3: Thinking of the food you and your family member eat in day to day life, how would you describe eating habits of your family members?

a: Self

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Purely vegetarian 4641 31.4 31.4 Mainly vegetarian but eat eggs 1291 8.7 8.7 Valid Non-vegetarian, eat any thing 8753 59.2 59.2 No opinion 101 .7 .7 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

1 b: Spouse

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Purely vegetarian 4328 29.3 29.3 Mainly vegetarian but eat eggs 1207 8.2 8.2 Valid Non-vegetarian, eat any thing 8304 56.2 56.2 No opinion 947 6.4 6.4 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

c: Father

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Purely vegetarian 4438 30.0 30.0 Mainly vegetarian but eat eggs 1019 6.9 6.9 Valid Non-vegetarian, eat any thing 8174 55.3 55.3 No opinion 1155 7.8 7.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

d: Mother

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Purely vegetarian 5087 34.4 34.4 Mainly vegetarian but eat eggs 923 6.2 6.2 Valid Non-vegetarian, eat any thing 7732 52.3 52.3 No opinion 1044 7.1 7.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

2 Q4: Now I will read out names of few eating items. For each one would you say, during last ten years the level of consumption in your family has increased, remained same or decreased?

a: Milk for children

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Increased 7552 51.1 51.1 Same as before 4012 27.1 27.1 Valid Decreased 2638 17.8 17.8 No opinion 584 3.9 3.9 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: Pulses (Daal)

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Increased 7784 52.6 52.6 Same as before 4780 32.3 32.3 Valid Decreased 1983 13.4 13.4 No opinion 239 1.6 1.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

c: Cereals (Wheat, Rice e.t.c)

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Increased 8874 60.0 60.0 Same as before 4358 29.5 29.5 Valid Decreased 1318 8.9 8.9 No opinion 236 1.6 1.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

3 Q5: Compared to 10 years ago, would you say that the quality of food you and your family members eat has improved, remained same or deteriorated?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 6904 46.7 46.7 Remained same 5029 34.0 34.0 Valid Deteriorated 2559 17.3 17.3 No opinion 294 2.0 2.0 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q6: Compared to quality of food that your parents could have, would you say the quality of food you and your family members eat today has improved, remained same or deteriorated?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 6582 44.5 44.5 Remained same 4375 29.6 29.6 Valid Deteriorated 3429 23.2 23.2 No opinion 400 2.7 2.7 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q7: Compared to 10 years ago, how has the consumption of alcohol changed in your locality? Has it increased too much, to some extent, remained same or decreased?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Decreased 2053 13.9 13.9 Remained same 1838 12.4 12.4 Somewhat increased 3543 24.0 24.0 Valid Increased to much 5907 39.9 39.9 No opinion 1445 9.8 9.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

4 Q8: What is your opinion about the performance of the present Congress party led coalition government at the Centre? Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with it?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 3528 23.9 23.9 Somewhat satisfied 5057 34.2 34.2 Somewhat dissatisfied 1453 9.8 9.8 Valid Fully dissatisfied 1752 11.8 11.8 No opinion 2996 20.3 20.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q9: Thinking of the expectation that you had from Congress led UPA govt. when it was formed, would you say that the govt. has performed according to your expectation, better than expectation or worse than expectation?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent According to expectation 3993 27.0 27.0 Better than expectation 2436 16.5 16.5 Valid Worse than expectation 4234 28.6 28.6 No opinion 4123 27.9 27.9 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q10: Now I will read out names of few items. You tell me, how often do you consume them almost daily, once or twice a week, once or twice a month, rarely or never?

a: Tea/Coffee

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 11397 77.1 77.1 Once or twice a week 1016 6.9 6.9 Once or twice a month 373 2.5 2.5 Valid Rarely 1105 7.5 7.5 Never 895 6.1 6.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

5 b: Cold drinks

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 613 4.1 4.1 Once or twice a week 1557 10.5 10.5 Once or twice a month 1856 12.6 12.6 Valid Rarely 4198 28.4 28.4 Never 6562 44.4 44.4 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

c: Milk

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 5936 40.1 40.1 Once or twice a week 2495 16.9 16.9 Once or twice a month 1171 7.9 7.9 Valid Rarely 2655 18.0 18.0 Never 2529 17.1 17.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

d: Alcohol

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 505 3.4 3.4 Once or twice a week 632 4.3 4.3 Once or twice a month 803 5.4 5.4 Valid Rarely 1913 12.9 12.9 Never 10933 73.9 73.9 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

6 d: Biri/Cigarate

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 3099 21.0 21.0 Once or twice a week 593 4.0 4.0 Once or twice a month 306 2.1 2.1 Valid Rarely 1150 7.8 7.8 Never 9638 65.2 65.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q11: Now I would like you to compare the present Congress party led UPA government at the Centre with the previous BJP led NDA government. Which of these governments would you consider better?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent UPA Govt. 5263 35.6 35.6 NDA Govt. 3540 23.9 23.9 Both equally good 1583 10.7 10.7 Valid Both equally bad 1097 7.4 7.4 No opinion 3303 22.3 22.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q12: If you were choose any one leader from different parties as Prime Minister of the country whom would you like to choose?

Name of the Prime Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid Sonia Gandhi 4148 28.1 33.0 1776 12.0 14.1 Priyanka Gandhi 99 .7 .8 Rahul Gandhi 316 2.1 2.5 N.D. Tiwari 28 .2 .2 Arjun Singh 31 .2 .2 16 .1 .1

7 Name of the Prime Minister N Percent Valid Percent 56 .4 .4 P. Chidambaran 36 .2 .3 Gulam Nabi Azad 34 .2 .3 Digvijay Singh 14 .1 .1 Sharad Pawar 142 1.0 1.1 Laloo Prasad Yadav 149 1.0 1.2 M. Karunakaran 128 .9 1.0 Sheila Dixit 2 .0 .0 2695 18.2 21.5 L.K. Advani 280 1.9 2.2 94 .6 .7 Arun Jaitly 3 .0 .0 26 .2 .2 30 .2 .2 Scindia 18 .1 .1 10 .1 .1 George Farnandes 4 .0 .0 Nitish Kumar 67 .5 .5 39 .3 .3 Chandrababu Naidu 114 .8 .9 Jyoti Basu 132 .9 1.1 Buddhodeb Bhattacharya 40 .3 .3 Prakash Karat 14 .1 .1 Brinda Karat 2 .0 .0 4 .0 .0 V.S. Achuthanandan 5 .0 .0 13 .1 .1 A.B. Bardhan 1 .0 .0

8 Name of the Prime Minister N Percent Valid Percent Mayawati 498 3.4 4.0 Mulayam Singh Yadav 324 2.2 2.6 Amar Singh 6 .0 .0 J. Jayalalitha 66 .4 .5 84 .6 .7 10 .1 .1 2 .0 .0 Any one from Congress 122 .8 1.0 Any one from BJP 91 .6 .7 Anyone from Left Front 98 .7 .8 Others 690 4.7 5.5 Total 12557 84.9 100.0 Missing 98: DK 2229 15.1 Total 14786 100.0

Q13: How safe are women in your (city/village/town) when they go out after sunset. Would you say that women are safe, a little unsafe or unsafe?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Safe 8309 56.2 56.2 A little unsafe 3854 26.1 26.1 Valid Unsafe 2212 15.0 15.0 No opinion 411 2.8 2.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q14: What is your opinion about the performance of Manmohan Singh as a Prime Minister of -- Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with his performance?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 3222 21.8 21.8 Somewhat satisfied 5721 38.7 38.7

9 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat dissatisfied 1342 9.1 9.1 Fully dissatisfied 1355 9.2 9.2 No opinion 3146 21.3 21.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q15: In your opinion should the present Congress party led coalition govt. at the Centre get a second chance to rule?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 4134 28.0 28.0 Yes 6298 42.6 42.6 Valid Too early to say 1527 10.3 10.3 No opinion 2827 19.1 19.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q16: Have you heard about the recent bomb blast in Mumbai?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 5095 34.5 34.5 Yes 8764 59.3 59.3 Valid No opinion 927 6.3 6.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q17: Some people say that is the real force behind terrorist activities in India- do you agree or disagree?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Strongly agree 5080 34.4 34.4 Somewhat agree 2825 19.1 19.1 Somewhat disagree 591 4.0 4.0 Fully disagree 852 5.8 5.8 No opinion 5438 36.8 36.8

10 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Total 14786 100.0 100.0

a: (If strongly or somewhat agree), What should government do about Pakistan’s involvement Some people say that India should attack all terrorist bases in Pakistan. Other says that India should put international and military pressure on Pakistan and still others say that India should solve it through dialogues with Pakistan?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Should attack terrorist bases 3208 21.7 21.7 Put international and military pressure 1497 10.1 10.1 Through dialogues 2465 16.7 16.7 Valid No opinion 735 5.0 5.0 NA 6881 46.5 46.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q18: If you compare the present Congress led UPA govt. with the previous BJP led NDA govt. which of these would you say is best suited to solve the problem of terrorism?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent UPA govt. 4145 28.0 28.0 NDA govt. 3495 23.6 23.6 Both 1995 13.5 13.5 Valid None 1557 10.5 10.5 No opinion 3594 24.3 24.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q19: What is your opinion about the performance of the ruling party in State? Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with it? : Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 306 29.9 29.9

11 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat satisfied 307 30.0 30.0 Somewhat dissatisfied 88 8.6 8.6 Fully dissatisfied 198 19.3 19.3 No opinion 126 12.3 12.3 Total 1025 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 76 14.6 14.6 Somewhat satisfied 343 65.7 65.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 75 14.4 14.4 Valid Fully dissatisfied 17 3.3 3.3 No opinion 11 2.1 2.1 Total 522 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the JD(U) Allies Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 760 60.6 60.6 Somewhat satisfied 381 30.4 30.4 Somewhat dissatisfied 39 3.1 3.1 Valid Fully dissatisfied 56 4.5 4.5 No opinion 18 1.4 1.4 Total 1254 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the BJP Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 210 31.5 31.5 Somewhat satisfied 202 30.3 30.3 Somewhat dissatisfied 73 10.9 10.9 Fully dissatisfied 47 7.0 7.0 No opinion 135 20.2 20.2

12 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Total 667 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 48 20.5 20.5 Somewhat satisfied 82 35.0 35.0 Somewhat dissatisfied 27 11.5 11.5 Valid Fully dissatisfied 35 15.0 15.0 No opinion 42 17.9 17.9 Total 234 100.0 100.0 Jammu & Kashmir: Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 20 6.9 6.9 Somewhat satisfied 104 35.7 35.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 54 18.6 18.6 Valid Fully dissatisfied 49 16.8 16.8 No opinion 64 22.0 22.0 Total 291 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the JD(S) Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 131 12.0 12.0 Somewhat satisfied 486 44.7 44.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 97 8.9 8.9 Valid Fully dissatisfied 228 21.0 21.0 No opinion 146 13.4 13.4 Total 1088 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the LDF Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 118 20.0 20.0

13 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat satisfied 233 39.4 39.4 Somewhat dissatisfied 69 11.7 11.7 Fully dissatisfied 71 12.0 12.0 No opinion 100 16.9 16.9 Total 591 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the BJP Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 175 23.2 23.2 Somewhat satisfied 296 39.3 39.3 Somewhat dissatisfied 93 12.4 12.4 Valid Fully dissatisfied 111 14.7 14.7 No opinion 78 10.4 10.4 Total 753 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 257 22.0 22.0 Somewhat satisfied 512 43.8 43.8 Somewhat dissatisfied 82 7.0 7.0 Valid Fully dissatisfied 122 10.4 10.4 No opinion 196 16.8 16.8 Total 1169 100.0 100.0 Orissa: Performance of the BJD Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 116 19.4 19.4 Somewhat satisfied 266 44.4 44.4 Somewhat dissatisfied 73 12.2 12.2 Fully dissatisfied 35 5.8 5.8 No opinion 109 18.2 18.2

14 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Total 599 100.0 100.0 Punjab: Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 99 28.8 28.8 Somewhat satisfied 109 31.7 31.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 48 14.0 14.0 Valid Fully dissatisfied 62 18.0 18.0 No opinion 26 7.6 7.6 Total 344 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the BJP Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 196 27.2 27.2 Somewhat satisfied 182 25.3 25.3 Somewhat dissatisfied 74 10.3 10.3 Valid Fully dissatisfied 170 23.6 23.6 No opinion 98 13.6 13.6 Total 720 100.0 100.0 Tamil Nadu: Performance of the DMK Allies Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 524 46.7 46.7 Somewhat satisfied 331 29.5 29.5 Somewhat dissatisfied 47 4.2 4.2 Valid Fully dissatisfied 81 7.2 7.2 No opinion 139 12.4 12.4 Total 1122 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 483 19.6 19.6

15 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat satisfied 647 26.2 26.2 Somewhat dissatisfied 247 10.0 10.0 Fully dissatisfied 710 28.8 28.8 No opinion 378 15.3 15.3 Total 2465 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the Left Front Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 332 32.5 32.5 Somewhat satisfied 383 37.5 37.5 Somewhat dissatisfied 104 10.2 10.2 Valid Fully dissatisfied 87 8.5 8.5 No opinion 115 11.3 11.3 Total 1021 100.0 100.0 Delhi: Performance of the Congress party Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 30 18.6 18.6 Somewhat satisfied 50 31.1 31.1 Somewhat dissatisfied 25 15.5 15.5 Valid Fully dissatisfied 44 27.3 27.3 No opinion 12 7.5 7.5 Total 161 100.0 100.0 : Performance of the BJP Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 31 7.3 7.3 Somewhat satisfied 125 29.3 29.3 Somewhat dissatisfied 57 13.4 13.4 Fully dissatisfied 88 20.7 20.7 No opinion 125 29.3 29.3

16 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Total 426 100.0 100.0 Chattishgarh: Performance of the BJP Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 119 35.6 35.6 Somewhat satisfied 106 31.7 31.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 23 6.9 6.9 Valid Fully dissatisfied 49 14.7 14.7 No opinion 37 11.1 11.1 Total 334 100.0 100.0

Q20: If you were to choose any one leader from different parties as the of the states, whom would you like to choose? Andhra Pradesh Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent N Chandrababu Naidu 403 39.3 40.5 Y S Rajashekhara Reddy 469 45.8 47.1 K Chandrashekhara Rao 26 2.5 2.6 Valid S. 1 .1 .1 Others 96 9.4 9.6 Total 995 97.1 100.0 Missing Not answered 30 2.9 Total 1025 100.0 Assam Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid 271 51.9 52.3 Brindaban Goswami 68 13.0 13.1 Sarat Sinha 21 4.0 4.1 Prafulla Kumar Mahanta 12 2.3 2.3 Hema Prabha Saikia 3 .6 .6

17 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Pramod Gogoi 5 1.0 1.0 Others 138 26.4 26.6 Total 518 99.2 100.0 Missing Not answered 4 .8 Total 522 100.0 Bihar Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Laloo Prasad Yadav 164 13.1 13.2 81 6.5 6.5 Ram Vilas Paswan 123 9.8 9.9 Nitish Kumar 794 63.3 63.7 1 .1 .1 Valid Sushil Modi 9 .7 .7 Shatrughan Sinha 12 1.0 1.0 Jaggannath Mishra 10 .8 .8 Others 53 4.2 4.3 Total 1247 99.4 100.0 Missing Not answered 7 .6 Total 1254 100.0 Gujarat Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid Narendra Modi 302 45.3 52.2 38 5.7 6.6 5 .7 .9 Kanshiram Rana 2 .3 .3 Shankarsingh Waghela 110 16.5 19.0 Amarsingh Choudhary 5 .7 .9 Madhavsingh Solanki 15 2.2 2.6

18 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Ahmed atel 9 1.3 1.6 Others 92 13.8 15.9 Total 578 86.7 100.0 Missing Not answered 89 13.3 Total 667 100.0 Haryana Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Om Prakash Chautala 90 38.5 41.7 Ajay Choutala 2 .9 .9 15 6.4 6.9 78 33.3 36.1 Valid Randeep Singh Surjewala 1 .4 .5 Kishan Singh Sangwan 5 2.1 2.3 Rao Birender Singh 1 .4 .5 Others 24 10.3 11.1 Total 216 92.3 100.0 Missing Not answered 18 7.7 Total 234 100.0 Jammu & Kashmir Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid Mufti Mohammed Sayeed 28 9.6 9.6 5 1.7 1.7 19 6.5 6.5 Omar Abdullah 16 5.5 5.5 59 20.3 20.3 Mangal Ram Sharma 1 .3 .3 Bhim Singh 1 .3 .3 Others 162 55.7 55.7

19 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Total 291 100.0 100.0 Karnataka Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent HD Kumara Swamy 129 11.9 11.9 Dharm Singh 108 9.9 10.0 Malikarjun Kharge 134 12.3 12.4 6 .6 .6 M Veerappa Molly 12 1.1 1.1 68 6.3 6.3 Valid B S Yedurlyappa 111 10.2 10.3 H D Deve Gowda 41 3.8 3.8 S M Krishna 235 21.6 21.8 Vijay Mallya 3 .3 .3 Others 233 21.4 21.6 Total 1080 99.3 100.0 Missing Not answered 8 .7 Total 1088 100.0 Kerala Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent K Karunakaran 13 2.2 2.2 A K Antony 68 11.5 11.6 111 18.8 18.9 V S Achuthanandan 249 42.1 42.3 Valid 9 1.5 1.5 Palloli Mohammed Kutty 4 .7 .7 1 .2 .2 Others 133 22.5 22.6 Total 588 99.5 100.0

20 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Missing Not answered 3 .5 Total 591 100.0 Madhya Pradesh Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Uma Bharati 240 31.9 33.9 Sunderlal Patwa 14 1.9 2.0 Kailash Joshi 1 .1 .1 Shivraj Singh Chauhan 108 14.3 15.3 Digvijay Singh 105 13.9 14.8 22 2.9 3.1 Valid Subhash Yadav 22 2.9 3.1 Jamuna Devi 2 .3 .3 6 .8 .8 Arjun Singh 9 1.2 1.3 Others 179 23.8 25.3 Total 708 94.0 100.0 Missing Not answered 45 6.0 Total 753 100.0 Maharashtra Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid Sharad Pawar 70 6.0 7.4 Bal Thackeray 36 3.1 3.8 38 3.3 4.0 Vilasrao Deshmukh 247 21.1 26.2 Shivraj Patil 1 .1 .1 R R Patil 144 12.3 15.3 Chhagan Bhujbal 3 .3 .3 Vijaysingh Mohite Patil 7 .6 .7

21 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Jayant Patil 5 .4 .5 Gopinath Munde 64 5.5 6.8 9 .8 1.0 Manohar Joshi 28 2.4 3.0 Narayan Rane 47 4.0 5.0 Raj Thackeray 25 2.1 2.7 Others 218 18.6 23.1 Total 942 80.6 100.0 Missing Not answered 227 19.4 Total 1169 100.0 Orissa Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent 354 59.1 84.5 Bijay Mahapatra 2 .3 .5 Dilip Ray 1 .2 .2 Juel Oraon 2 .3 .5 J B Patnaik 16 2.7 3.8 Valid 2 .3 .5 9 1.5 2.1 K P Singh Deo 1 .2 .2 Others 32 5.3 7.6 Total 419 69.9 100.0 Missing Not answered 180 30.1 Total 599 100.0 Punjab Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid Capt. Amrinder Singh 148 43.0 49.8 Rajinder Kaur Bhattal 14 4.1 4.7

22 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Prakash Singh Badal 68 19.8 22.9 Simranjit Singh Mann 1 .3 .3 Balramji Dass Tandon 2 .6 .7 Others 64 18.6 21.5 Total 297 86.3 100.0 Missing Not answered 47 13.7 Total 344 100.0 Rajasthan Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Vasundhara Raje 192 26.7 28.4 30 4.2 4.4 300 41.7 44.3 Shiv Charan Mathur 2 .3 .3 Valid Girija Vyas 4 .6 .6 B.D. Kalla 12 1.7 1.8 Sheesh Ram Ola 13 1.8 1.9 Others 124 17.2 18.3 Total 677 94.0 100.0 Missing Not answered 43 6.0 Total 720 100.0 Tamil Nadu Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid M Karunanidhi 531 47.3 48.9 J Jayalalitha 248 22.1 22.8 S Ramdoss 20 1.8 1.8 E.V.K.S. Elangovan 11 1.0 1.0 M.K. Stalin 46 4.1 4.2 V. Gopalaswami(Vaiko) 4 .4 .4

23 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Vijaykant 130 11.6 12.0 Dayanaidhi Maran 16 1.4 1.5 P. Chidambaran 10 .9 .9 Others 70 6.2 6.4 Total 1086 96.8 100.0 Missing Not answered 36 3.2 Total 1122 100.0 Uttar Pradesh Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Mulayam Singh Yadav 721 29.2 31.5 Akhilesh Yadav 25 1.0 1.1 Amar Singh 8 .3 .3 Rajnath Singh 190 7.7 8.3 170 6.9 7.4 Om Prakash Singh 6 .2 .3 Kalraj Mishra 6 .2 .3 6 .2 .3 Valid Keshri Nath Tripathi 1 .0 .0 Mayawati 820 33.3 35.9 Salman Khursid 14 .6 .6 Rahul Gandhi 63 2.6 2.8 Priyanka Gandhi 36 1.5 1.6 Ajit Singh 17 .7 .7 Others 203 8.2 8.9 Total 2286 92.7 100.0 Missing Not answered 179 7.3 Total 2465 100.0

24 West Bengal Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Buddhadeb Bhattacharya 561 54.9 60.1 Jyoti Basu 86 8.4 9.2 Mamata Banerjee 83 8.1 8.9 Pranab Mukherjee 64 6.3 6.9 Somen Mitra 1 .1 .1 Valid 24 2.4 2.6 Tapan Sikdar 11 1.1 1.2 Subhash Chakraborty 1 .1 .1 Others 102 10.0 10.9 Total 933 91.4 100.0 Missing Not answered 88 8.6 Total 1021 100.0 Delhi Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Sheila Dixit 86 53.4 54.4 1 .6 .6 Prem Singh 2 1.2 1.3 Valid 6 3.7 3.8 Sushma Swaraj 12 7.5 7.6 Others 51 31.7 32.3 Total 158 98.1 100.0 Missing Not answered 3 1.9 Total 161 100.0 Jharkhand Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent Valid 74 17.4 18.8 100 23.5 25.4

25 Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent 100 23.5 25.4 Yashwant Sinha 2 .5 .5 Thomas Hansda 3 .7 .8 Inder Singh Namdhari 3 .7 .8 Others 111 26.1 28.2 Total 393 92.3 100.0 Missing Not answered 33 7.7 Total 426 100.0 Chattishgarh Preferred Chief Minister N Percent Valid Percent 94 28.1 30.3 Dilip Singh Judeo 37 11.1 11.9 Ramesh Bais 4 1.2 1.3 V.C. Shukla 3 .9 1.0 Valid 124 37.1 40.0 S.C. Shukla 1 .3 .3 Mahendra Karma 4 1.2 1.3 Others 43 12.9 13.9 Total 310 92.8 100.0 Missing Not answered 24 7.2 Total 334 100.0

Q21: I will read out some things that people feel insecure about these days. Tell me, how insecure do you personally feel about the following—Very insecure, somewhat insecure or not at all insecure?

a: Theft/robbery

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Very insecure 5413 36.6 36.6

26 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat insecure 4179 28.3 28.3 Not at all insecure 4219 28.5 28.5 No opinion 975 6.6 6.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: Riots/Mob violence

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very insecure 4175 28.2 28.2 Somewhat insecure 3632 24.6 24.6 Valid Not at all insecure 5121 34.6 34.6 No opinion 1858 12.6 12.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

c: Militants/Terrorist attack?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very insecure 3980 26.9 26.9 Somewhat insecure 2434 16.5 16.5 Valid Not at all insecure 4600 31.1 31.1 No opinion 3772 25.5 25.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

d: Global/International terrorism

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very insecure 3244 21.9 21.9 Somewhat insecure 2089 14.1 14.1 Valid Not at all insecure 4484 30.3 30.3 No opinion 4969 33.6 33.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

27 Q22: What is your opinion about the Chief Minister of the state- Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with his/her performance? Andhra Pradesh: Performance of the Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 341 33.3 33.3 Somewhat satisfied 288 28.1 28.1 Somewhat dissatisfied 80 7.8 7.8 Valid Fully dissatisfied 219 21.4 21.4 No opinion 97 9.5 9.5 Total 1025 100.0 100.0 Assam: Performance of the Tarun Kumar Gogoi Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 88 16.9 16.9 Somewhat satisfied 325 62.3 62.3 Somewhat dissatisfied 85 16.3 16.3 Valid Fully dissatisfied 17 3.3 3.3 No opinion 7 1.3 1.3 Total 522 100.0 100.0 Bihar: Performance of the Nitish Kumar Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 780 62.2 62.2 Somewhat satisfied 386 30.8 30.8 Somewhat dissatisfied 33 2.6 2.6 Valid Fully dissatisfied 44 3.5 3.5 No opinion 11 .9 .9 Total 1254 100.0 100.0 Gujarat: Performance of the Narendra Modi Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 225 33.7 33.7 Somewhat satisfied 194 29.1 29.1

28 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat dissatisfied 70 10.5 10.5 Fully dissatisfied 47 7.0 7.0 No opinion 131 19.6 19.6 Total 667 100.0 100.0 Haryana: Performance of the Bhupinder Singh Hooda Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 63 26.9 26.9 Somewhat satisfied 82 35.0 35.0 Somewhat dissatisfied 21 9.0 9.0 Valid Fully dissatisfied 32 13.7 13.7 No opinion 36 15.4 15.4 Total 234 100.0 100.0 Jammu & Kashmir: Performance of the Ghulam Nabi Azad Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 34 11.7 11.7 Somewhat satisfied 85 29.2 29.2 Somewhat dissatisfied 63 21.6 21.6 Valid Fully dissatisfied 46 15.8 15.8 No opinion 63 21.6 21.6 Total 291 100.0 100.0 Karnataka: Performance of the H. D. Kumaraswamy Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 156 14.3 14.3 Somewhat satisfied 451 41.5 41.5 Somewhat dissatisfied 134 12.3 12.3 Valid Fully dissatisfied 191 17.6 17.6 No opinion 156 14.3 14.3 Total 1088 100.0 100.0

29 Kerala: Performance of the V.S. Achutanandan Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 139 23.5 23.5 Somewhat satisfied 259 43.8 43.8 Somewhat dissatisfied 50 8.5 8.5 Valid Fully dissatisfied 64 10.8 10.8 No opinion 79 13.4 13.4 Total 591 100.0 100.0 Madhya Pradesh: Performance of the Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 194 25.8 25.8 Somewhat satisfied 314 41.7 41.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 56 7.4 7.4 Valid Fully dissatisfied 98 13.0 13.0 No opinion 91 12.1 12.1 Total 753 100.0 100.0 Maharashtra: Performance of the Vilasrao Deshmukh Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 304 26.0 26.0 Somewhat satisfied 477 40.8 40.8 Somewhat dissatisfied 76 6.5 6.5 Valid Fully dissatisfied 114 9.8 9.8 No opinion 198 16.9 16.9 Total 1169 100.0 100.0 Orissa: Performance of the Navin Patnaik Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 139 23.2 23.2 Somewhat satisfied 279 46.6 46.6 Somewhat dissatisfied 70 11.7 11.7

30 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully dissatisfied 25 4.2 4.2 No opinion 86 14.4 14.4 Total 599 100.0 100.0 Punjab: Performance of the Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 113 32.8 32.8 Somewhat satisfied 89 25.9 25.9 Somewhat dissatisfied 34 9.9 9.9 Valid Fully dissatisfied 85 24.7 24.7 No opinion 23 6.7 6.7 Total 344 100.0 100.0 Rajasthan: Performance of the Vasundhara Raje Scindia Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 218 30.3 30.3 Somewhat satisfied 174 24.2 24.2 Somewhat dissatisfied 67 9.3 9.3 Valid Fully dissatisfied 163 22.6 22.6 No opinion 98 13.6 13.6 Total 720 100.0 100.0 Tamil Nadu: Performance of the M. Karunanidhi Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 547 48.8 48.8 Somewhat satisfied 363 32.4 32.4 Somewhat dissatisfied 32 2.9 2.9 Valid Fully dissatisfied 76 6.8 6.8 No opinion 104 9.3 9.3 Total 1122 100.0 100.0

31 Uttar Pradesh: Performance of the Mulayam Singh Yadav Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 526 21.3 21.3 Somewhat satisfied 633 25.7 25.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 260 10.5 10.5 Valid Fully dissatisfied 734 29.8 29.8 No opinion 312 12.7 12.7 Total 2465 100.0 100.0 West Bengal: Performance of the Buddhadev Bhattacharya Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 373 36.5 36.5 Somewhat satisfied 401 39.3 39.3 Somewhat dissatisfied 73 7.1 7.1 Valid Fully dissatisfied 59 5.8 5.8 No opinion 115 11.3 11.3 Total 1021 100.0 100.0 Delhi: Performance of the Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 42 26.1 26.1 Somewhat satisfied 45 28.0 28.0 Somewhat dissatisfied 23 14.3 14.3 Valid Fully dissatisfied 42 26.1 26.1 No opinion 9 5.6 5.6 Total 161 100.0 100.0 Jharkhand: Performance of the Arjun Munda Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Fully satisfied 49 11.5 11.5 Somewhat satisfied 107 25.1 25.1 Somewhat dissatisfied 62 14.6 14.6

32 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully dissatisfied 104 24.4 24.4 No opinion 104 24.4 24.4 Total 426 100.0 100.0 Chattishgarh: Performance of the Raman Singh Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 139 41.6 41.6 Somewhat satisfied 90 26.9 26.9 Somewhat dissatisfied 22 6.6 6.6 Valid Fully dissatisfied 53 15.9 15.9 No opinion 30 9.0 9.0 Total 334 100.0 100.0

Q23: Would you like that the present ruling party government in the state should get another chance to rule? Andhra Pradesh: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 401 39.1 39.1 Yes 487 47.5 47.5 Valid No opinion 137 13.4 13.4 Total 1025 100.0 100.0 Assam: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 190 36.4 36.4 Yes 315 60.3 60.3 Valid No opinion 17 3.3 3.3 Total 522 100.0 100.0

33

Bihar: Should get another chance to JD(U) Allies? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 296 23.6 23.6 Yes 920 73.4 73.4 Valid No opinion 38 3.0 3.0 Total 1254 100.0 100.0 Gujarat: Should get another chance to BJP? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 168 25.2 25.2 Yes 327 49.0 49.0 Valid No opinion 172 25.8 25.8 Total 667 100.0 100.0 Haryana: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 78 33.3 33.3 Yes 87 37.2 37.2 Valid No opinion 69 29.5 29.5 Total 234 100.0 100.0 Jammu & Kashmir: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 62 21.3 21.3 Yes 128 44.0 44.0 Valid No opinion 101 34.7 34.7 Total 291 100.0 100.0 Karnataka: Should get another chance to JD(S)? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid No 612 56.3 56.3 Yes 268 24.6 24.6

34 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No opinion 208 19.1 19.1 Total 1088 100.0 100.0 Kerala: Should get another chance to LDF? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 183 31.0 31.0 Yes 220 37.2 37.2 Valid No opinion 188 31.8 31.8 Total 591 100.0 100.0 Madhya Pradesh: Should get another chance to BJP? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 250 33.2 33.2 Yes 429 57.0 57.0 Valid No opinion 74 9.8 9.8 Total 753 100.0 100.0 Maharashtra: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 251 21.5 21.5 Yes 671 57.4 57.4 Valid No opinion 247 21.1 21.1 Total 1169 100.0 100.0 Orissa: Should get another chance to BJD? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 104 17.4 17.4 Yes 302 50.4 50.4 Valid No opinion 193 32.2 32.2 Total 599 100.0 100.0

35 Punjab: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 124 36.0 36.0 Yes 180 52.3 52.3 Valid No opinion 40 11.6 11.6 Total 344 100.0 100.0 Rajasthan: Should get another chance to BJP? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 309 42.9 42.9 Yes 284 39.4 39.4 Valid No opinion 127 17.6 17.6 Total 720 100.0 100.0 Tamil Nadu: Should get another chance to DMK Allies? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 270 24.1 24.1 Yes 635 56.6 56.6 Valid No opinion 217 19.3 19.3 Total 1122 100.0 100.0 Uttar Pradesh: Should get another chance to Samajwadi party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 1189 48.2 48.2 Yes 820 33.3 33.3 Valid No opinion 456 18.5 18.5 Total 2465 100.0 100.0 West Bengal: Should get another chance to Left Front? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid No 193 18.9 18.9 Yes 632 61.9 61.9 No opinion 196 19.2 19.2

36 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Total 1021 100.0 100.0 Delhi: Should get another chance to Congress party? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 52 32.3 32.3 Yes 80 49.7 49.7 Valid No opinion 29 18.0 18.0 Total 161 100.0 100.0 Jharkhand: Should get another chance to BJP? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 148 34.7 34.7 Yes 147 34.5 34.5 Valid No opinion 131 30.8 30.8 Total 426 100.0 100.0 Chattishgarh: Should get another chance to BJP? Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 123 36.8 36.8 Yes 163 48.8 48.8 Valid No opinion 48 14.4 14.4 Total 334 100.0 100.0

Q24: Now I will ask about the changes that have taken place in the country since the UPA government at the Centre. You tell me, in the last two and a half years have the conditions regarding these matters improved, same as before or deteriorated?

a: Curbing corruption

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Improved 2902 19.6 19.6 Same as before 4686 31.7 31.7 Deteriorated 4349 29.4 29.4

37 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No opinion 2849 19.3 19.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: Controlling prices

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 2206 14.9 14.9 Same as before 3341 22.6 22.6 Valid Deteriorated 7250 49.0 49.0 No opinion 1989 13.5 13.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

c: National security

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 2587 17.5 17.5 Same as before 4797 32.4 32.4 Valid Deteriorated 3380 22.9 22.9 No opinion 4022 27.2 27.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

d: Employment opportunities

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 2342 15.8 15.8 Same as before 4138 28.0 28.0 Valid Deteriorated 5309 35.9 35.9 No opinion 2997 20.3 20.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

38 e: India’s standing in the world

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 3362 22.7 22.7 Same as before 3941 26.7 26.7 Valid Deteriorated 2203 14.9 14.9 No opinion 5280 35.7 35.7 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

f: Condition of farmers

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Improved 2245 15.2 15.2 Same as before 3635 24.6 24.6 Valid Deteriorated 6755 45.7 45.7 No opinion 2151 14.5 14.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q25: If you had a problem that needed police help, would you go to the police or would you rather not bring the police into the matter?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 3178 21.5 21.5 Yes 9410 63.6 63.6 Valid Probably 1301 8.8 8.8 No opinion 897 6.1 6.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q26: If you went to the police, do you feel you would be treated in the same way as anyone else or may be discriminated against?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Same as anyone 6226 42.1 42.1 Discriminated against 5333 36.1 36.1

39 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No opinion 3227 21.8 21.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q27: Now I will read out two statements on various issues. Tell me whether you agree with statement first(1) or statement second (2)?

a: 1: Terrorist activities in India are a result of failure of the government; 2: Government is doing its best to control over terrorist activities.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 5656 38.3 38.3 Agree with second 4723 31.9 31.9 Valid No opinion 4407 29.8 29.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: 1: The Government should ban the consumption of alcohol; 2: Those who like to drink should not be prevented

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 10789 73.0 73.0 Agree with second 2634 17.8 17.8 Valid No opinion 1363 9.2 9.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

c: 1: The government should suppressed the Naxallites because they use violence; 2: The government should negotiate with the Naxallites because they raise demands for the poor.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 5359 36.2 36.2 Agree with second 3984 26.9 26.9 Valid No opinion 5443 36.8 36.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

40 d: 1: Some seats should be reserved for students belonging to backward castes in higher education institutes; 2: Such a reservation should not take place because reserving seats for students of backward caste will lead to loss of merit and quality.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 6849 46.3 46.3 Agree with second 3478 23.5 23.5 Valid No opinion 4459 30.2 30.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

e: 1: The government’s new treaty with the US is a wise step because it will help India to have powerfull ally like the USA; 2: The government has surrendered national interest to the USA.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 4358 29.5 29.5 Agree with second 2748 18.6 18.6 Valid No opinion 7680 51.9 51.9 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

f: 1: Terrorism get support from Muslim community within the country; 2: Terrorists have no religion and it is unfair to blame any community for what they do.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 5100 34.5 34.5 Agree with second 4648 31.4 31.4 Valid No opinion 5038 34.1 34.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

41 Q28: There are different opinions among people regarding Manmohan Singh as a Prime Minister. Some people say that the Sonia Gandhi should replace Manmohan Singh as Prime Minister others say that Manmohan Singh should continue as Prime Minister, still there are some people who say that Sonia Gandhi should nominate someone else from the Congress Party to replace Manmohan Singh as Prime Minister. What is your opinion?

Valid Opinion N Percent Percent Sonia Gandhi herself becomes Prime Minister 5264 35.6 35.6 Manmohan Singh should continue as Prime 3598 24.3 24.3 Minister Valid Someone else from Congress should replace 1433 9.7 9.7 Manmohan Singh No opinion 4491 30.4 30.4 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q29: Now I will read out names of few Indian leaders. You tell me, how much do you have in them? I will show you a ladder with 10 steps. If you place at step 1 those leaders on whom you have a great deal of trust and step 10 those leaders on whom you have no trust then where would you place ……..

States a: Chief Minister b: State Leader 1 c: State Leader 2

Name Trust Name Trust Name Trust

Andhra Pradesh Y.S.Rajasekhara 77.03 Y S Rajasekhara Reddy 78.38 Chandrababu Naidu 43.09 Reddy

Assam Tarun Kumar Gogoi 79.87 Brindaban Goswami 59.48 Prafulla Kumar Mahanta 37.86

Bihar Nitish Kumar 89.25 Laloo Prasad Yadav 60.07 Ram Vilas Paswan 63.53

Gujarat Narendra Modi 78.59 Shankar Singh Vaghela 62.92 Keshubhai Patel 61.09

Haryana Bhupinder Singh 71.06 Om Prakash Chauthala 70.51 Bhajan Lal 44.89 Hooda

Jammu & Kashmir Ghulam Nabi Azad 74.68 Mufti Mohammed 45.68 Omar Abdullah 47.43 Sayeed

Karnataka H D Kumaraswamy 60.68 Deve Gowda 57.00 68.68

Kerala V S Achutanandan 81.27 Oommen chandy 75.18 A.K.Antony 71.41

Madhya Pradesh Shivraj Singh 68.36 Digvijay Singh 60.90 74.59 Chouhan

Maharashtra Vilasrao Deshmukh 72.29 Gopinath Munde 62.17 Narayan Rane 57.14

Orissa Navin Patnaik 82.09 Janaki Ballabh Patnaik 55.47 Biswabhusan 61.89 Harichandan

Punjab Amarinder Singh 73.38 Prakash Singh Badal 65.99 Simranjit Singh Mann 53.82

42 States a: Chief Minister b: State Leader 1 c: State Leader 2

Name Trust Name Trust Name Trust

Rajasthan Vasundhara Raje 65.74 Ashok Gehlot 70.50 Lalit Kishore Chaturvedi 58.19 Scindia

Tamil Nadu M. Karunanidhi 80.84 Jayalalithaa 70.18 Ramadoss 56.56

Uttar Pradesh Mulayam Singh 64.32 Mayawati 73.41 Rajnath Singh 63.51 Yadav

West Bengal Buddhadev 80.61 Mamata Banerjee 44.48 Jyoti Basu 72.09 Bhattacharya

Delhi Sheila Dikshit 68.63 63.60 Sahib Singh Verma 51.52

Jharkhand Arjun Munda 60.57 Babu Lal Marandi 72.25 Shibhu Soren 62.69

Chattishgarh Raman Singh 69.75 Ajit Jogi 69.34 Dilip Singh Judeo 65.51 * The trust figure is the mean score of over all trust scale by 10 to 100. Step 1 stands for 100 scale where as step 10 stands 10 scale.

State Overall Trust

d: Manmohan Singh e: Atal Bihari Vajpayee f: Sonia Gandhi g: L.K. Advani

Andhra Pradesh 71.74 62.68 72.58 46.22

Assam 78.96 73.98 75.33 53.32

Bihar 78.38 82.43 81.08 60.96

Gujarat 66.07 68.57 72.30 61.29

Haryana 76.43 83.85 68.82 36.36

Jammu & Kashmir 74.26 83.36 76.41 45.84

Karnataka 74.75 72.66 79.25 55.41

Kerala 76.60 63.10 73.59 46.31

Madhya Pradesh 68.27 76.80 73.26 47.80

Maharashtra 76.04 73.08 82.19 54.32

Orissa 73.48 81.58 72.78 61.71

Punjab 85.41 68.79 73.83 42.55

Rajasthan 70.80 72.91 73.00 53.81

Tamil Nadu 69.96 61.12 75.80 51.48

Uttar Pradesh 68.21 72.54 74.53 52.89

West Bengal 71.41 59.11 69.27 37.98

Delhi 79.11 81.49 81.02 62.69

Jharkhand 67.70 82.69 74.88 61.81

Chattishgarh 68.32 77.30 74.79 49.46

Total 72.96 72.25 75.60 52.70 * The trust figure is the mean score of over all trust scale by 10 to 100. Step 1 stands for 100 scale where as step 10 stands 10 scale.

43 Q30: (If rural) The Govt. has started distributing job cards to people who are willing to do casual labour under NREG Act. Have you heard about it?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 6937 46.9 46.9 Yes 4382 29.6 29.6 Valid NA 3467 23.4 23.4 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

a: (If yes) Do you have such a job card?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 3478 23.5 79.4 Valid Yes 904 6.1 20.6 Total 4382 29.6 100.0 Missing NA 10404 70.4 Total 14786 100.0

Q31: Have you heard about the Naxalites? (Use local name if any for Naxallites)

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 6640 44.9 44.9 Valid Yes 8146 55.1 55.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q32: Have you heard about Osama-bin-Laden?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 5882 39.8 39.8 Yes 8648 58.5 58.5 Valid No opinion 256 1.7 1.7 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

44 Q33: Have you heard about LTTE?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 9677 65.4 65.4 Yes 4691 31.7 31.7 Valid No opinion 418 2.8 2.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q34: Have you heard about controversy on Office of profit?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 11099 75.1 75.1 Yes 3568 24.1 24.1 Valid No opinion 119 .8 .8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q35: Looking to your needs and the needs of your household, how much income per month do you think you must have to meet your needs?

Desired Income N Percent Valid Percent 0-2500 2965 20.1 20.2 2501-5000 6132 41.5 41.7 5001-10000 3898 26.4 26.5 Valid 10001-20000 1372 9.3 9.3 Above 20000 346 2.3 2.4 Total 14713 99.5 100.0 Missing NA 73 .5 Total 14786 100.0

Q36: Over the past one year, how often did you or any member of your family had to go without two proper meals a day – often, sometimes or never??

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Often 1071 7.2 7.2

45 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Sometimes 3799 25.7 25.7 Never 9394 63.5 63.5 No opinion 522 3.5 3.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

Q37: (If urban) How often do you or your family go for eating out in restaurant/hotel- daily, once or twice a week, once or twice a months rarely or never?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Daily 62 .4 1.8 Once or twice a week 287 1.9 8.3 Once or twice a months 445 3.0 12.8 Valid Rarely 966 6.5 27.9 Never 1325 9.0 38.2 No opinion 382 2.6 11.0 Total 3467 23.4 100.0 Missing NA 11319 76.6 Total 14786 100.0

Q38: If Elections held tomorrow, which party would you vote for?

Parties N Percent Valid Percent Valid Congress 5589 37.8 41.0 BJP 3220 21.8 23.6 JD(U) 287 1.9 2.1 CPI 141 1.0 1.0 CPI(M) 794 5.4 5.8 BSP 671 4.5 4.9 NCP 189 1.3 1.4 Samajwadi Party 476 3.2 3.5

46 Parties N Percent Valid Percent RJD(Laloo) 198 1.3 1.5 LNJP(Paswan) 93 .6 .7 KEC(M) 4 .0 .0 IUML 23 .2 .2 TRS 24 .2 .2 DMK 296 2.0 2.2 PMK 17 .1 .1 JMM 63 .4 .5 RPI 1 .0 .0 AUDF 17 .1 .1 Samata 2 .0 .0 Shiv Sena 63 .4 .5 BJD 137 .9 1.0 Akali Dal 75 .5 .5 AIADMK 182 1.2 1.3 Trinamool Congress 87 .6 .6 TDP 314 2.1 2.3 DMDK 57 .4 .4 DPI 8 .1 .1 AGP(P) 5 .0 .0 JD(S) 105 .7 .8 RLD(Ajit Singh) 5 .0 .0 INLD(Chautala) 38 .3 .3 ARC 1 .0 .0 AJSU 3 .0 .0 CPI(ML) 47 .3 .3 FBL 17 .1 .1 RSP 14 .1 .1

47 Parties N Percent Valid Percent MIM 28 .2 .2 TDP (NTR) 6 .0 .0 ASDC 2 .0 .0 AGP 44 .3 .3 IPF 1 .0 .0 MCC(A.K. Roy) 2 .0 .0 JKNC 5 .0 .0 JKPP 6 .0 .0 JKDP 1 .0 .0 KEC 1 .0 .0 GGP 6 .0 .0 BBM 3 .0 .0 RPI(Athawale) 3 .0 .0 PWP 16 .1 .1 FPM 1 .0 .0 PDS 1 .0 .0 ZNP 3 .0 .0 Akali Dal (Mann) 5 .0 .0 MDMK 18 .1 .1 Other Smaller ally 25 .2 .2 INPT 1 .0 .0 UKD 2 .0 .0 Independent 41 .3 .3 Other smaller parties 164 1.1 1.2 Total 13648 92.3 100.0 DK 549 3.7 Missing NA 589 4.0 Total 1138 7.7

48 Parties N Percent Valid Percent Total 14786 100.0

Q39: If Vidhan Sabha elections in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh were held tomorrow, whom did you vote for?

Rajasthan

Parties N Percent Valid Percent Congress 396 55.0 56.2 BJP 292 40.6 41.4 CPI(M) 3 .4 .4 BSP 9 1.3 1.3 Valid NCP 3 .4 .4 LNJP(Paswan) 1 .1 .1 Shiv Sena 1 .1 .1 Total 705 97.9 100.0 98: DK 13 1.8 Missing 99: NA 2 .3 Total 15 2.1 Total 720 100.0

Uttar Pradesh

Parties N Percent Valid Percent Valid Congress 267 10.8 11.7 BJP 401 16.3 17.6 JD(U) 3 .1 .1 CPI 5 .2 .2 CPI(M) 8 .3 .4 BSP 812 32.9 35.6 NCP 18 .7 .8

49 Parties N Percent Valid Percent Samajwadi Party 682 27.7 29.9 LNJP(Paswan) 1 .0 .0 IUML 1 .0 .0 TRS 1 .0 .0 AIADMK 1 .0 .0 JD(S) 1 .0 .0 RLD(Ajit Singh) 17 .7 .7 FBL 1 .0 .0 MIM 1 .0 .0 TDP (NTR) 1 .0 .0 JKNC 2 .1 .1 RSMD 1 .0 .0 ZNP 3 .1 .1 OGP 1 .0 .0 SDF 1 .0 .0 Other Smaller ally 6 .2 .3 UKD 1 .0 .0 Independent 3 .1 .1 Other smaller parties 44 1.8 1.9 Total 2283 92.6 100.0 98: DK 76 3.1 Missing 99: NA 106 4.3 Total 182 7.4 Total 2465 100.0

50 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

B1: How regularly do you read newspaper- daily, frequently, occasionally, rarely or never?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Daily 3495 23.6 23.6 Frequently 1547 10.5 10.5 Occasionally 1037 7.0 7.0 Valid Rarely 1660 11.2 11.2 Never 6667 45.1 45.1 No opinion 380 2.6 2.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B1: How regularly do you listen to news on radio- daily, frequently, occasionally, rarely or never?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Daily 2744 18.6 18.6 Frequently 1786 12.1 12.1 Occassionally 1171 7.9 7.9 Valid Rarely 2234 15.1 15.1 Never 6553 44.3 44.3 No opinion 298 2.0 2.0 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B1: How regularly do you watch news on T.V.- daily, frequently, occasionally, rarely or never?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Daily 4458 30.2 30.2 Frequently 1849 12.5 12.5 Occasionally 1204 8.1 8.1 Rarely 1949 13.2 13.2

51 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Never 5078 34.3 34.3 No opinion 248 1.7 1.7 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B4: How often do you practice-prayer/puja/namaj- daily, weekly, on festivals or never?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Daily 8140 55.1 55.1 Weekly 2709 18.3 18.3 Only on festivals 2970 20.1 20.1 Valid Never 669 4.5 4.5 No opinion 298 2.0 2.0 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B5: What is your age?

Age group N Percent Valid Percent Up to 25 years 2118 14.3 14.3 26-35 years 4470 30.2 30.2 36-45 years 3490 23.6 23.6 Valid 46-55 years 2266 15.3 15.3 Above 55 years. 2442 16.5 16.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B6: Gender

Gender N Percent Valid Percent Male 8193 55.4 55.4 Valid Female 6593 44.6 44.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

52 B7: What is your marital status?

Marital Status N Percent Valid Percent Married 12856 86.9 86.9 Unmarried 1443 9.8 9.8 Living with someone, but 17 .1 .1 unmarried Valid Divorced/Separated 46 .3 .3 Widowed 345 2.3 2.3 NA 79 .5 .5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B8: Till what level have you studied?

Education (Respondent) N Percent Valid Percent Non literate 4821 32.6 32.6 Below primary 1450 9.8 9.8 Primary pass/Middle fail 2043 13.8 13.8 Middle pass/Matric fail 1783 12.1 12.1 Matric 1873 12.7 12.7 Valid College no-degree 1231 8.3 8.3 Graduate 1066 7.2 7.2 Post Graduate 348 2.4 2.4 Professional degrees 121 .8 .8 NA 50 .3 .3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

a: Till what level have your father studied?

Education (Father) N Percent Valid Percent Valid Non literate 9259 62.6 62.6 Below primary 1204 8.1 8.1

53 Education (Father) N Percent Valid Percent Primary pass/Middle fail 1291 8.7 8.7 Middle pass/Matric fail 874 5.9 5.9 Matric 1006 6.8 6.8 College no-degree 427 2.9 2.9 Graduate 439 3.0 3.0 Post Graduate 138 .9 .9 Professional degrees 53 .4 .4 NA 95 .6 .6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: Till what level your mother studied?

Education (Mother) N Percent Valid Percent Non literate 11315 76.5 76.5 Below Primary 1003 6.8 6.8 Primary pass/Middle fail 889 6.0 6.0 Middle pass/Matric fail 498 3.4 3.4 Matric 521 3.5 3.5 Valid College no-degree 232 1.6 1.6 Graduate 133 .9 .9 Post Graduate 45 .3 .3 Professional degrees 25 .2 .2 NA 125 .8 .8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B9: What is your main occupation?

Occupation (Respondent) N Percent Valid Percent Valid Scientist 12 .1 .1 Engineers 30 .2 .2

54 Occupation (Respondent) N Percent Valid Percent Doctors 28 .2 .2 Lawyers 40 .3 .3 Accountants 27 .2 .2 College/University teachers 72 .5 .5 Writers 17 .1 .1 Modern Artist 14 .1 .1 Other higher professional 28 .2 .2 Science and engineering technician 13 .1 .1 Computer operator 21 .1 .1 Alternative doctors 8 .1 .1 Medical Technician 21 .1 .1 School teachers 212 1.4 1.4 Nursery teachers 63 .4 .4 Folk and commercial artist 1 .0 .0 Priests 24 .2 .2 Other lower professionals 36 .2 .2 Elected officials (Central/State) 10 .1 .1 Elected officials (District) 14 .1 .1 Managers 28 .2 .2 Officials Class-I 18 .1 .1 Officials Class-II 27 .2 .2 Class-III Employee (Clerical) 127 .9 .9 Superintendents 17 .1 .1 Traditional clerks 31 .2 .2 Class IV employee 128 .9 .9 Other administrative workers 52 .4 .4 Big businessmen 27 .2 .2 Medium businessmen 164 1.1 1.1

55 Occupation (Respondent) N Percent Valid Percent Small businessmen 539 3.6 3.6 Petty business 185 1.3 1.3 Hawkers 67 .5 .5 Sales Executive 41 .3 .3 Salespersons 39 .3 .3 Shop Assistants 65 .4 .4 Rentire 11 .1 .1 Other businessmen 75 .5 .5 Waiters 26 .2 .2 Dhobi 27 .2 .2 Barbers 37 .3 .3 Ayahs, Maids, Domestic servants 37 .3 .3 Chowkidars 28 .2 .2 Sweepers 24 .2 .2 Other service workers 142 1.0 1.0 Mechanics 176 1.2 1.2 Electricians 62 .4 .4 Jewellers 18 .1 .1 Tailors 141 1.0 1.0 Weavers 69 .5 .5 Shoemakers 40 .3 .3 Blacksmiths 25 .2 .2 Carpainters 90 .6 .6 Other skilled workers 142 1.0 1.0 Miners 20 .1 .1 Measons 33 .2 .2 Potters 22 .1 .1 Stone-cutter and carvers 31 .2 .2

56 Occupation (Respondent) N Percent Valid Percent Furniture, basket, mat makers 19 .1 .1 Rickshaw-pullars 60 .4 .4 Unskilled labourers 434 2.9 2.9 Other semi-skilled and unskilled workers 195 1.3 1.3 Owner-cultivators 20+ Acres 125 .8 .8 Owner-cultivators 10-20 Acres 204 1.4 1.4 Owner-cultivators 5-10 Acres 395 2.7 2.7 Owner-cultivators 1-5 Acres 1219 8.2 8.2 Owner-cultivators 0-1 Acre 410 2.8 2.8 Tenant Cultivators. 5+ acres 82 .6 .6 Tenant Cultivators 0-5 acres 435 2.9 2.9 Plantation workers 98 .7 .7 Agricultural labourers 2257 15.3 15.3 Other Agricultural Workers 384 2.6 2.6 House-wife/husband 3646 24.7 24.7 Students 358 2.4 2.4 Employee seekers 152 1.0 1.0 Unemployed workers 105 .7 .7 Other occupation 178 1.2 1.2 Political activists 22 .1 .1 Unidentifiable 54 .4 .4 N.A. 432 2.9 2.9 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

a: (If the respondent is not the main earner) What is/has been the main occupation of the respondent’s father?

Occupation (Father) N Percent Valid Percent Valid Scientist 14 .1 .1

57 Occupation (Father) N Percent Valid Percent Engineers 19 .1 .1 Doctors 31 .2 .2 Lawyers 30 .2 .2 Accountants 21 .1 .1 College/University teachers 43 .3 .3 Writers 5 .0 .0 Modern Artist 7 .0 .0 Other higher professional 101 .7 .7 Science and engineering technician 10 .1 .1 Computer operator 1 .0 .0 Alternative doctors 11 .1 .1 Medical Technician 15 .1 .1 School teachers 128 .9 .9 Nursery teachers 45 .3 .3 Folk and commercial artist 1 .0 .0 Priests 18 .1 .1 Other lower professionals 29 .2 .2 Elected officials (Central/State) 11 .1 .1 Elected officials (District) 10 .1 .1 Managers 17 .1 .1 Officials Class-I 18 .1 .1 Officials Class-II 47 .3 .3 Class-III Employee (Clerical) 125 .8 .8 Superintendents 15 .1 .1 Traditional clerks 38 .3 .3 Class IV employee 84 .6 .6 Other administrative workers 58 .4 .4 Big businessmen 30 .2 .2

58 Occupation (Father) N Percent Valid Percent Medium businessmen 147 1.0 1.0 Small businessmen 389 2.6 2.6 Petty business 122 .8 .8 Hawkers 40 .3 .3 Sales Executive 13 .1 .1 Salespersons 17 .1 .1 Shop Assistants 28 .2 .2 Rentire 17 .1 .1 Other businessmen 67 .5 .5 Waiters 13 .1 .1 Dhobi 26 .2 .2 Barbers 41 .3 .3 Ayahs, Maids, Domestic servants 9 .1 .1 Chowkidars 18 .1 .1 Sweepers 15 .1 .1 Other service workers 101 .7 .7 Mechanics 118 .8 .8 Electricians 40 .3 .3 Jewellers 15 .1 .1 Tailors 109 .7 .7 Weavers 59 .4 .4 Shoemakers 33 .2 .2 Blacksmiths 19 .1 .1 Carpainters 74 .5 .5 Other skilled workers 112 .8 .8 Miners 12 .1 .1 Measons 28 .2 .2 Potters 17 .1 .1

59 Occupation (Father) N Percent Valid Percent Stone-cutter and carvers 25 .2 .2 Furniture, basket, mat makers 19 .1 .1 Rickshaw-pullars 52 .4 .4 Unskilled labourers 343 2.3 2.3 Other semi-skilled and unskilled workers 188 1.3 1.3 Owner-cultivators 20+ Acres 127 .9 .9 Owner-cultivators 10-20 Acres 313 2.1 2.1 Owner-cultivators 5-10 Acres 550 3.7 3.7 Owner-cultivators 1-5 Acres 1529 10.3 10.3 Owner-cultivators 0-1 Acre 606 4.1 4.1 Tenant Cultivators. 5+ acres 105 .7 .7 Tenant Cultivators 0-5 acres 569 3.8 3.8 Plantation workers 63 .4 .4 Agricultural labourers 1942 13.1 13.1 Other Agricultural Workers 344 2.3 2.3 House-wife/husband 86 .6 .6 Students 9 .1 .1 Employee seekers 16 .1 .1 Unemployed workers 43 .3 .3 Other occupation 376 2.5 2.5 Political activists 13 .1 .1 Unidentifiable 107 .7 .7 N.A. 4680 31.7 31.7 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B10: What is your Caste/Jati-biradari/Tribe name?

Caste/Jati-biradari/Tribe N Percent Valid Percent Bhamin 801 5.4 5.4

60 Caste/Jati-biradari/Tribe N Percent Valid Percent Bhumihar 153 1.0 1.0 Rajput 545 3.7 3.7 Kayasthas 239 1.6 1.6 Vaishya 281 1.9 1.9 Jain 69 .5 .5 Punjabi Khatri 40 .3 .3 Sindhi 19 .1 .1 Other Upper Caste 293 2.0 2.0 Jat 260 1.8 1.8 Reddy 79 .5 .5 Kamma 75 .5 .5 Nair 124 .8 .8 Marathas 250 1.7 1.7 Patel 137 .9 .9 Raju 16 .1 .1 Velama 29 .2 .2 Kapu 109 .7 .7 Other PP 104 .7 .7 Gujjar 125 .8 .8 Yadav 756 5.1 5.1 Kurmi/Gowda 397 2.7 2.7 Lodh/Munuru Kapu 170 1.1 1.1 /Mudiraj 178 1.2 1.2 Vokkaliga/Kalinga 236 1.6 1.6 Lingayat/Thorpu Kapu 210 1.4 1.4 Gaderia/Koopula Velama 138 .9 .9 Kunbi 186 1.3 1.3 Other Peasant OBC 365 2.5 2.5

61 Caste/Jati-biradari/Tribe N Percent Valid Percent Bunkar/Padmasali 90 .6 .6 Darzee/Meera 49 .3 .3 Thatihar 9 .1 .1 Lakhera/Boya 23 .2 .2 Badhai/Kamsali 129 .9 .9 Kumhar 101 .7 .7 Lohar/Kanchar 116 .8 .8 Sunar 61 .4 .4 Medara 5 .0 .0 Other Craftsmen 96 .6 .7 Kewat/Pallekari 162 1.1 1.1 Dhobi/Rajaka 106 .7 .7 Nai/ 144 1.0 1.0 Teli/Gandla 324 2.2 2.2 Jogi/Dudekula 39 .3 .3 Traders OBC 62 .4 .4 Toddy Tappers/Perika 168 1.1 1.1 Landless Labourers/Bhartraju 108 .7 .7 Entertaining caste/Kalavanthulu 22 .1 .2 Other Service OBC 301 2.0 2.1 Chamar/Jatav/Madigas 1083 7.3 7.3 Balmiki/Bhangi 133 .9 .9 Pasi/Pano/Adi Andhra 275 1.9 1.9 Rajbanshis/Mala 128 .9 .9 Namasudras/Mahar/Malajangam 273 1.8 1.9 Dhobi/Telli 86 .6 .6 Dom/Sindhollu 31 .2 .2 Nomadic 91 .6 .6

62 Caste/Jati-biradari/Tribe N Percent Valid Percent Lowest SC 70 .5 .5 Other SC 394 2.7 2.7 Mina/Sugali/Boro 171 1.2 1.2 Bhil/Yerukula/Karbi 62 .4 .4 Gond/Koya/Abor 42 .3 .3 Oraon/Konda Dhora/Miri 65 .4 .4 Kamars/Irular/Nega/Yanadi 1 .0 .0 Santhal/Paniyan/Mizo/Boya 87 .6 .6 Munda/Kuruba/Khasi/Savara 68 .5 .5 Andh/Malyali/Chakma/Jatapu 67 .5 .5 Naikda/Nayaka/Kuki/Chenchu 47 .3 .3 Other Sts 437 3.0 3.0 Ashraf 378 2.6 2.6 Mughal 184 1.2 1.3 Rajput Muslim 72 .5 .5 Other Upper caste(Muslim) 117 .8 .8 Peasants+Traders 109 .7 .7 Craftsmen+Weavers 215 1.5 1.5 Service muslims 161 1.1 1.1 Muslim 10 .1 .1 Other Muslim OBC 138 .9 .9 Muslim no caste 354 2.4 2.4 Jat sikh 135 .9 .9 Khatri Sikh 38 .3 .3 OBC Sikh 11 .1 .1 Sikh no caste 19 .1 .1 Upper Christian 61 .4 .4 OBC Christian 90 .6 .6

63 Caste/Jati-biradari/Tribe N Percent Valid Percent Dalit Christian 25 .2 .2 Christian no caste 25 .2 .2 Other Minorities 7 .0 .0 Buddhists 5 .0 .0 Dalit Buddhist 11 .1 .1 Hindu no caste 29 .2 .2 No religion no caste 14 .1 .1 NA 468 3.1 3.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

a: What is your caste group?

Caste group N Percent Valid Percent SC 3009 20.4 20.4 ST 1196 8.1 8.1 Valid OBC 5908 40.0 40.0 Others 4673 31.6 31.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B11: Which religion do you follow?

Religion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Hindu 11861 80.2 80.2 Muslim 1808 12.2 12.2 Christian 412 2.8 2.8 Sikh 312 2.1 2.1 Buddhist 122 .8 .8 Jain 50 .3 .3 Parsi 5 .0 .0 Others 216 1.5 1.5

64 Religion N Percent Valid Percent Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B12: Generally, which language do you speak at home?

Language spoken N Percent Valid Percent Valid Telugu 1029 7.0 7.0 English 21 .1 .1 Assamese 129 .9 .9 Hindi 3445 23.3 23.3 Konkani 87 .6 .6 Gujarati 634 4.3 4.3 Kashmiri 186 1.3 1.3 Kannada 850 5.7 5.7 Malayalam 587 4.0 4.0 Marathi 942 6.4 6.4 Manipuri/Meithei 1 .0 .0 Oriya 521 3.5 3.5 Punjabi 422 2.9 2.9 Nepali/Gokhali 90 .6 .6 Tamil 1030 7.0 7.0 Bengali 1181 8.0 8.0 Sanskrit 1 .0 .0 Sindhi 10 .1 .1 Urdu 298 2.0 2.0 Marwari 312 2.1 2.1 Harianvi 12 .1 .1 Maithili 242 1.6 1.6 Bhojpuri 872 5.9 5.9 Magadhi 144 1.0 1.0

65 Language spoken N Percent Valid Percent Dhundari 60 .4 .4 Braj 55 .4 .4 Hadauti 30 .2 .2 Mewari 107 .7 .7 Bhili 1 .0 .0 Bundelkhandi 60 .4 .4 Gondi 12 .1 .1 Malwi 48 .3 .3 Begheli 98 .7 .7 Nimari 60 .4 .4 Santhali 70 .5 .5 Halbi 4 .0 .0 Oraon 5 .0 .0 Bus 1 .0 .0 Muwda 3 .0 .0 Chhattisgadhi 259 1.8 1.8 Garhwali 2 .0 .0 Kumaoni 2 .0 .0 Awadhi 61 .4 .4 Mahaswi 2 .0 .0 Kulvi 3 .0 .0 Kinnauri 14 .1 .1 Pahari 8 .1 .1 Ladakhi 21 .1 .1 Naga 2 .0 .0 Dogri 110 .7 .7 Nissi/Daffia 1 .0 .0 Ao 1 .0 .0

66 Language spoken N Percent Valid Percent Konyak 3 .0 .0 Bhutia 1 .0 .0 Bodo 54 .4 .4 Karbi 2 .0 .0 Mishing 38 .3 .3 Tripuri 2 .0 .0 Other Indian Language 250 1.7 1.7 Other South Asian Language 2 .0 .0 Other European Language 1 .0 .0 DK 5 .0 .0 NA 282 1.9 1.9 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B13: Area/Locality

Area/Locality N Percent Valid Percent Village 11319 76.6 76.6 Town(Below 1 Lakh) 1491 10.1 10.1 Valid City (above 1 Lakh) 1481 10.0 10.0 Metropolitan city(above 10 lakhs) 495 3.3 3.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

a: (If town/city) Type of house where R lives.

Valid Type of house N Percent Percent Valid NA 11462 77.5 77.5 House/Flat/Bungalow with 4 or more bedrooms 344 2.3 2.3 House/Flat with 3 or 4 Bedrooms 350 2.4 2.4 House/Flat with 2 bedrooms (with kitchen and 614 4.2 4.2 bathrooms)

67 Valid Type of house N Percent Percent House/flats with 2 pucca rooms (with kitchen) 524 3.5 3.5 House/Flat with 2 pucca rooms(without kitchen) 443 3.0 3.0 House with 1 pucca room (with kitchen) 343 2.3 2.3 House with 1 pucca room (without kitchen) 249 1.7 1.7 Mainly Kutcha house 260 1.8 1.8 Slum/Jhuggi-Jhopri/Fully Kutcha 197 1.3 1.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: (If village) Type of house where R lives.

Type of house N Percent Valid Percent NA 3617 24.5 24.5 Pucca (both wall and roof made of pucca 2767 18.7 18.7 materials) Pucca-Kutcha (Either wall or roof is made of 3222 21.8 21.8 pucca material and of other kutcha material) Valid Kutcha (both wall and roof are made of kutcha material other than 3596 24.3 24.3 materials mentioned in category 4) Hut (both wall and roof are made of grass, 1584 10.7 10.7 leaves, mud, un-burnt brick or bamboo) Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B14: Number of rooms used in the household

Number of rooms N Percent Valid Percent Valid No rooms/NA 387 2.6 2.6

68 Number of rooms N Percent Valid Percent One 2178 14.7 14.7 Two 4905 33.2 33.2 Three 3011 20.4 20.4 Four 2315 15.7 15.7 Five 921 6.2 6.2 Six 543 3.7 3.7 Seven 200 1.4 1.4 Eight 180 1.2 1.2 Nine and above 146 1.0 1.0 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B15: Total number of family members living in the household.

a: Adults

Adults N Percent Valid Percent Blank/NA 332 2.2 2.2 One 347 2.3 2.3 Two 3812 25.8 25.8 Three 2708 18.3 18.3 Four 3333 22.5 22.5 Valid Five 1780 12.0 12.0 Six 1290 8.7 8.7 Seven 509 3.4 3.4 Eight 369 2.5 2.5 Nine and above 306 2.1 2.1 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

69 b: Children

Children N Percent Valid Percent Blank/NA 2006 13.6 13.6 One 2102 14.2 14.2 Two 4325 29.3 29.3 Three 2951 20.0 20.0 Four 1636 11.1 11.1 Valid Five 756 5.1 5.1 Six 467 3.2 3.2 Seven 236 1.6 1.6 Eight 130 .9 .9 Nine and above 177 1.2 1.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B16: Do you or your family member have the following:

a: Car/Jeep/Van/Tractor

Car/Jeep/Van/Tractor N Percent Valid Percent No 13715 92.8 92.8 Valid Yes 1071 7.2 7.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

b: Colour or B/W Television

Colour or B/W Television N Percent Valid Percent No 7439 50.3 50.3 B/W 4277 28.9 28.9 Valid Colour 3070 20.8 20.8 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

70 c: Scooter/Motorcycle/Mopet

Scooter/Motorcycle/Mopet N Percent Valid Percent No 11084 75.0 75.0 Valid Yes 3702 25.0 25.0 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

d: Telephone/Mobile Phone

Telephone/Mobile Phone N Percent Valid Percent No 10157 68.7 68.7 Valid Yes 4629 31.3 31.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

e: Electric fan/cooler

Electric fan/cooler N Percent Valid Percent No 6758 45.7 45.7 Valid Yes 8028 54.3 54.3 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

f: Bicycle

Bicycle N Percent Valid Percent No 5589 37.8 37.8 Valid Yes 9197 62.2 62.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

g: Radio/Transistor

Radio/Transistor N Percent Valid Percent No 8057 54.5 54.5 Valid Yes 6729 45.5 45.5 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

71

h: Pumping set

Pumping set N Percent Valid Percent No 12413 84.0 84.0 Valid Yes 2373 16.0 16.0 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

i: Fridge

Fridge N Percent Valid Percent No 12480 84.4 84.4 Valid Yes 2306 15.6 15.6 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

B17: Total monthly household income

Monthly household income N Percent Valid Percent Up to Rs. 1000 3660 24.8 24.8 Rs. 1001- Rs. 2000 3508 23.7 23.7 Rs. 2001- Rs. 3000 2550 17.2 17.2 Rs. 3001- Rs. 4000 1373 9.3 9.3 Rs. 4001- Rs. 5000 1237 8.4 8.4 Valid Rs. 5001- Rs. 10,000 1539 10.4 10.4 Rs. 10,001- Rs. 20,000 603 4.1 4.1 Rs. 20,001 and above 145 1.0 1.0 NA 171 1.2 1.2 Total 14786 100.0 100.0

72 Additional Questions (to be asked from respondents whose age is between 18 to 29 years)

Q1: What is your employment status?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Student, not looking for job 373 11.4 11.4 Student, looking for employment 425 13.0 13.0 Partially employed 750 22.9 22.9 Valid Fully employed 562 17.2 17.2 No opinion 1163 35.5 35.5 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

a: (If partially or fully employed) To what extent are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your job?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Fully satisfied 296 9.0 9.0 Somewhat satisfied 547 16.7 16.7 Somewhat dissatisfied 136 4.2 4.2 Valid Fully dissatisfied 257 7.9 7.9 No opinion 76 2.3 2.3 NA 1961 59.9 59.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q2: If you had a choice what kind of employment would you prefer- your own work or salaried job?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Own work 1035 31.6 31.6 Salaried job 1492 45.6 45.6 Valid No opinion 746 22.8 22.8 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

73 Q3: Now I will read out a few things. You tell me, do you personally own any of the following things:

a: Mobile phone

Mobile phone N Percent Valid Percent No 2068 63.2 63.2 Yes 585 17.9 17.9 Valid No opinion 620 18.9 18.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

b: Two wheeler(Motor Cycle/Scooter/Moped)

Two wheeler N Percent Valid Percent No 2054 62.8 62.8 Yes 569 17.4 17.4 Valid No opinion 650 19.9 19.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

c: Internet connection

Internet connection N Percent Valid Percent No 2383 72.8 72.8 Yes 110 3.4 3.4 Valid No opinion 780 23.8 23.8 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q4: Thinking of 5 close friends, tel me how many of them are from:

a: The opposite sex

Friends from opposite sex N Percent Valid Percent Valid No friends 1362 41.6 41.6 One friends 385 11.8 11.8 Two friends 548 16.7 16.7

74 Friends from opposite sex N Percent Valid Percent Three friends 261 8.0 8.0 Four friends 113 3.5 3.5 All five friends 90 2.7 2.7 No response 514 15.7 15.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

b: From your own/caste community

Friends from own caste-community N Percent Valid Percent No friends 501 15.3 15.3 One friends 183 5.6 5.6 Two friends 580 17.7 17.7 Three friends 611 18.7 18.7 Valid Four friends 346 10.6 10.6 All five friends 423 12.9 12.9 No response 629 19.2 19.2 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q5: How frequently do you discuss poitics with your friends and colleagues-often, occassionally or never?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Often 373 11.4 11.4 Occassionally 1182 36.1 36.1 Valid Never 1087 33.2 33.2 No opinion 631 19.3 19.3 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

75 Q6: What is 15th August?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Incorrect 1025 31.3 31.3 Valid Correct 2248 68.7 68.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q7: In which year did India get Independence?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Incorrect 1320 40.3 40.3 Valid Correct 1953 59.7 59.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q8: Have you heard about ‘’ imposed in the country in 1975?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 2399 73.3 73.3 Valid Yes 874 26.7 26.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q9: I am reading out few things. You tell me, how often do you do them-almost daily, once or twice a week, once or twice a month, rarely or never?

a: Watch cinema in a theatre

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 117 3.6 3.6 Once or twice a week 332 10.1 10.1 Once or twice a month 670 20.5 20.5 Valid Rarely 915 28.0 28.0 Never 1239 37.9 37.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

76 b: Watch entertainment/sports on T.V.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 956 29.2 29.2 Once or twice a week 491 15.0 15.0 Once or twice a month 225 6.9 6.9 Valid Rarely 530 16.2 16.2 Never 1071 32.7 32.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

c: Use internet

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 105 3.2 3.2 Once or twice a week 114 3.5 3.5 Once or twice a month 109 3.3 3.3 Valid Rarely 261 8.0 8.0 Never 2684 82.0 82.0 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

d: Read a book other than syllabus/examination book

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Almost daily 306 9.3 9.3 Once or twice a week 314 9.6 9.6 Once or twice a month 232 7.1 7.1 Valid Rarely 509 15.6 15.6 Never 1912 58.4 58.4 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

77 Q10: Have you ever participated in any political protest, demonstration, struggle or movement?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 2109 64.4 64.4 Yes 523 16.0 16.0 Valid No opinion 641 19.6 19.6 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q11: (If rural), If you get an opportunity, would you like to settle in a city rather than the village?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 579 17.7 23.8 Yes 1390 42.5 57.2 Valid No opinion 462 14.1 19.0 Total 2431 74.3 100.0 Missing NA 842 25.7 Total 3273 100.0

Q12: If you get an opportunity, would you like to go outside your own state to work?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 1094 33.4 33.4 Yes 1586 48.5 48.5 Valid No opinion 593 18.1 18.1 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q13: If you get an opportunity, would you like to work abroad (foreign countries)

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid No 1392 42.5 42.5 Yes 1251 38.2 38.2 No opinion 630 19.2 19.2

78 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q14: Now I will read out two statements on various issues. Tell me whether you agree with statement first (1) or statement second (2) a: 1: In matters of marriage, boys and girls may be consulted, however final decision should be taken by parents; 2: In matters of marriage though the parents may be consulted, final decision should be left to boys/girls themselves. Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 1889 57.7 57.7 Agree with second 831 25.4 25.4 Valid No opinion 553 16.9 16.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

b: 1: After marriage if the son leave his parents’ house and settle down on his own, it is beneficial for all; 2: According to our social traditions, even after marriage the son should say stay with parents.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 619 18.9 18.9 Agree with second 2084 63.7 63.7 Valid No opinion 570 17.4 17.4 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

c: 1: In our society, meeting/dating of boys and girls should be restricted before marriage; 2: In modern society, there should be no restriction on meeting/dating of boys and girls even before marriage.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 1542 47.1 47.1 Agree with second 1081 33.0 33.0 Valid No opinion 650 19.9 19.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

79 d: 1: In our society marriages must take place within one’s own caste-community; 2: In the present time, there is nothing wrong if boys and girls of different caste- community marry.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 1922 58.7 58.7 Agree with second 778 23.8 23.8 Valid No opinion 573 17.5 17.5 Total 3273 100.0 100.0 e: 1: It is the duty of the children to look after their parents when they grow old; 2: In the changed society, old parents should look after themselves.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Agree with first 2531 77.3 77.3 Agree with second 198 6.0 6.0 Valid No opinion 544 16.6 16.6 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q15: If you could get citizenship of USA, would you give up your Indian citizenship?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 2087 63.8 63.8 Yes 387 11.8 11.8 Valid No opinion 799 24.4 24.4 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q16: Do you believe in God?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent No 230 7.0 7.0 Yes 2541 77.6 77.6 Valid No opinion 502 15.3 15.3 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

80 Q17: Which one of the following three statements do you agree with most?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Democracy is preferable to any 1562 47.7 47.7 other kind of government In certain situation, a dictatorial government can be preferable to a 204 6.2 6.2 democratic one Valid It doesn’t matter to matter to people like me whether we have 253 7.7 7.7 democratic or non-democratic governance No opinion 1254 38.3 38.3 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q18: Now I am reading out names of few personalities of India. For each of them, you tell me, to what extent do you see them as your ideal- Very much, Somewhat or Not at all?

a: Medha Patkar

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 406 12.4 12.4 Somewhat 539 16.5 16.5 Valid Not at all 388 11.9 11.9 Not heard 1940 59.3 59.3 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

b: Bhagat Singh

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 1383 42.3 42.3 Somewhat 627 19.2 19.2 Valid Not at all 267 8.2 8.2 Not heard 996 30.4 30.4 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

81

c: Dr. Ambedkar

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 1408 43.0 43.0 Somewhat 628 19.2 19.2 Valid Not at all 300 9.2 9.2 Not heard 937 28.6 28.6 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

d: Mahatma Gandhi

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 2016 61.6 61.6 Somewhat 459 14.0 14.0 Valid Not at all 176 5.4 5.4 Not heard 622 19.0 19.0 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

e: Amartya Sen

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 537 16.4 16.4 Somewhat 488 14.9 14.9 Valid Not at all 430 13.1 13.1 Not heard 1818 55.5 55.5 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

f: Mother Teresa

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Very much 1377 42.1 42.1 Somewhat 522 15.9 15.9

82 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Not at all 233 7.1 7.1 Not heard 1141 34.9 34.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

g: Abdul Kalam

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 1526 46.6 46.6 Somewhat 562 17.2 17.2 Valid Not at all 206 6.3 6.3 Not heard 979 29.9 29.9 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

h:

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 1734 53.0 53.0 Somewhat 611 18.7 18.7 Valid Not at all 254 7.8 7.8 Not heard 674 20.6 20.6 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

i: Dhirubhai Ambani

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 620 18.9 18.9 Somewhat 520 15.9 15.9 Valid Not at all 469 14.3 14.3 Not heard 1664 50.8 50.8 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

83 j: Veer Savarkar

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very much 453 13.8 13.8 Somewhat 434 13.3 13.3 Valid Not at all 384 11.7 11.7 Not heard 2002 61.2 61.2 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q19: What do you think will be the economic condition of you or your family in the coming few years? Would you say it will become better, remained same or become worse? (probe further whether ‘much better’ or ‘better’ or ‘much worse’ or ‘worse’)

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Much better 623 19.0 19.0 Better 1362 41.6 41.6 Same 472 14.4 14.4 Valid Worse 138 4.2 4.2 Much worse 30 .9 .9 No opinion 648 19.8 19.8 Total 3273 100.0 100.0 Q20: Thinking about the next few years, do you think the economic condition of India will become better or become worse? (probe further whether ‘much better’ or ‘better’ or ‘much worse’ or ‘worse’) Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Much better 658 20.1 20.1 Better 1249 38.2 38.2 Same 301 9.2 9.2 Valid Worse 140 4.3 4.3 Much worse 21 .6 .6 No opinion 904 27.6 27.6 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

84 Q21: I will read out some statements. For each of these tell me whether you agree or disagree? (probe further whether ‘strongly’ agree or disagree)

a: Globalisation is a threat to our culture, economy and freedom.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Strongly agree 480 14.7 14.7 Agree 566 17.3 17.3 Disagree 362 11.1 11.1 Valid Strongly disagree 116 3.5 3.5 No opinion 1749 53.4 53.4 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

b: There is nothing wrong in being ambitious and successful even if it leads to some conflict.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Strongly agree 566 17.3 17.3 Agree 721 22.0 22.0 Disagree 360 11.0 11.0 Valid Strongly disagree 108 3.3 3.3 No opinion 1518 46.4 46.4 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

c: The old values of simplicity are redundant in today’s world, we need high standard of living.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Strongly agree 582 17.8 17.8 Agree 633 19.3 19.3 Disagree 457 14.0 14.0 Valid Strongly disagree 173 5.3 5.3 No opinion 1428 43.6 43.6 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

85 Q22: Now I will read out few statements about the future of India. Tell me, 20 years from now how likely are those to happen- very likely, likely, not likely, or not at all likely to happen?

a: India will become a global superpower.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very likely 1175 35.9 35.9 Likely 767 23.4 23.4 Not likely 158 4.8 4.8 Valid Not at all likely 68 2.1 2.1 No opinion 1105 33.8 33.8 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

b: India will remain one of the poorest countries in the world.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very likely 162 4.9 4.9 Likely 312 9.5 9.5 Not likely 886 27.1 27.1 Valid Not at all likely 777 23.7 23.7 No opinion 1136 34.7 34.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

c: Indians and Pakistanis will be free to travel in each other’s country without visa restriction.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very likely 264 8.1 8.1 Likely 394 12.0 12.0 Not likely 534 16.3 16.3 Valid Not at all likely 651 19.9 19.9 No opinion 1430 43.7 43.7 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

86 d: India will break up into many small countries.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very likely 156 4.8 4.8 Likely 250 7.6 7.6 Not likely 625 19.1 19.1 Valid Not at all likely 950 29.0 29.0 No opinion 1292 39.5 39.5 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

e: India will remain a secular country.

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Very likely 1180 36.1 36.1 Likely 633 19.3 19.3 Not likely 158 4.8 4.8 Valid Not at all likely 119 3.6 3.6 No opinion 1183 36.1 36.1 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

Q23: Now I will read out a few anxieties, which young people generally face these days. You tell me to what extent are you anxious about the following – great extent, somewhat, not much or not at all?

a: Employment/Career

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Great extent 1540 47.1 48.8 Somewhat 601 18.4 19.1 Not much 176 5.4 5.6 Valid Not at all 143 4.4 4.5 No opinion 694 21.2 22.0 Total 3154 96.4 100.0

87 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Missing NA 119 3.6 Total 3273 100.0

b: Health

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Great extent 1075 32.8 33.6 Somewhat 1000 30.6 31.3 Not much 312 9.5 9.8 Valid Not at all 131 4.0 4.1 No opinion 677 20.7 21.2 Total 3195 97.6 100.0 Missing NA 78 2.4 Total 3273 100.0

c: Prospects of marriage

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Great extent 627 19.2 20.9 Somewhat 746 22.8 24.8 Not much 515 15.7 17.1 Valid Not at all 375 11.5 12.5 No opinion 741 22.6 24.7 Total 3004 91.8 100.0 Missing NA 269 8.2 Total 3273 100.0

d: Family & Social pressure

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Valid Great extent 888 27.1 28.2

88 Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Somewhat 806 24.6 25.6 Not much 380 11.6 12.0 Not at all 292 8.9 9.3 No opinion 788 24.1 25.0 Total 3154 96.4 100.0 Missing NA 119 3.6 Total 3273 100.0

Q24: What is Valentine Day?

Opinion N Percent Valid Percent Incorrect 827 25.3 25.3 Correct 1405 42.9 42.9 Valid Not heard 1041 31.8 31.8 Total 3273 100.0 100.0

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