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Milda Grigelyte ALEKSANDRO STULGINSKIO UNIVERSITETO EKONOMIKOS IR VADYBOS FAKULTETO VERSLO VADYBOS KATEDRA Milda GRIGELYT Ė AMAT Ų PL ĖTROS TENDENCIJOS IR POVEIKIS KAIMO TURIZMO VERSLO PL ĖTRAI LIETUVOJE Magistrant ūros studij ų baigiamasis darbas Studij ų sritis: Socialiniai mokslai Studij ų kryptis: Vadyba Studij ų programa: Žem ės ūkio verslo vadyba Akademija, 2012 2 Baigiam ųjų darb ų ir egzamin ų vertinimo komisija: (Patvirtinta Rektoriaus įsakymu Nr. 103-KB, 2012 m. balandžio 24 d.) Pirmininkas prof. habil. dr. P. Žukauskas, Vytauto Didžiojo universitetas Nariai: 1. doc. dr. A. Gargasas, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas 2. doc. dr. A. Astromskien ė, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas 3. doc. dr. D. Makut ėnien ė, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas 4. mg. A. Pukinskien ė, Lietuvos žem ės ūkio konsultavimo tarnyba Mokslinis vadovas doc. dr. A. Astromskien ė, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas Recenzentas doc. dr. R. Dapkus, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas Katedros ved ėjas doc. dr. A. Gargasas, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas Oponentas prof. dr. V. Atko čiūnien ė, Aleksandro Stulginskio universitetas 3 SANTRAUKA Milda GRIGELYT Ė Amat ų pl ėtros tendencijos ir poveikis kaimo turizmo verslo pl ėtrai Lietuvoje Magistrant ūros studij ų baigiamasis, 67 puslapi ų, 24 paveikslai, 11 lentelių, 49 literat ūros šaltiniai, 3 priedai, lietuvi ų kalba. PRASMINIAI ŽODŽIAI: amatai, amatininkyst ė, kaimo turizmas, bendradarbiavimas. Tyrimo objektas – kaimo amat ų ir kaimo turizmo b ūkl ė Lietuvoje. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti kaimo turizmo reikšmingum ą kaimo amat ų pl ėtrai Lietuvoje. Uždaviniai: 1) išanalizuoti ir įvardinti amatininkyst ės ir kaimo turizmo s ąsaj ų teorinius aspektus; 2) identifikuoti Lietuvos kaimo amat ų pl ėtros poveik į kaimo turizmo pl ėtrai; 3) pagr įsti amat ų ir kaimo turizmo bendradarbiavimo pl ėtros galimybes. Tyrimo metodai: mokslin ės literat ūros ir statistini ų duomen ų analiz ė, lyginamieji ir apibendrinimo metodai, anketin ės apklausos ir grupin ės diskusijos metodai, statistiniai duomen ų apdorojimo metodai ir kokybin ė turinio analiz ė. Tyrimo rezultatai: • pirmojoje darbo dalyje pateikta amatininkyst ės samprata ir raida, kaimo turizmo samprata ir raida. Nustatytos amatininkyst ės ir kaimo turizmo s ąsajos. • antrojoje darbo dalyje pateikti tyrimo programa ir metodika, išanalizuota amat ų ir kaimo turizmo b ūkl ė Lietuvoje, sukurta amatininkyst ės ir kaimo turizmo s ąsaj ų ir veiklos pl ėtros kryp čių login ė schema. • tre čiojoje darbo dalyje pateikiami ir analizuojami gauti tyrimo rezultatai. Atliktas amat ų ir kaimo turizmo bendradarbiavimo Lietuvoje pl ėtros galimybi ų tyrimas parod ė, jog amatinink ų ir kaimo turizmo sodyb ų šeiminink ų bendradarbiavimas sąlyginai mažas. Pagrindin ės išvados: • Lietuvoje augantis amatinink ų mugi ų dalyvi ų ir lankytoj ų skai čius rodo amatinink ų gamini ų pasi ūlos ir paklausos augim ą. 4 • Bendradarbiaujant kaimo turizmo paslaug ų teik ėjams ir amatininkams padid ėtų bendro produkto konkurencingumas prieš vietin ės ir užsienio rinkos panašius produktus. • Amatininko ir kaimo turizm ą vykdan čio verslininko bendradarbiavimas teikt ų abipus ę naud ą ir kurt ų prid ėtin ę vert ę abiem bendradarbiaujan čioms pus ėms. Darbo tyrimo rezultatai publikuoti Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto student ų mokslin ėje konferencijoje „Jaunasis mokslininkas – 2012“ straipsni ų rinkinyje: GRIGELYT Ė, M. Kaimo turizmo veikl ų pl ėtros kryptys. 5 SUMMARY Milda GRIGELYT Ė Trends of Crafts Development and Its Impact on Rural Tourism Development in Lithuania The final work of postgraduate studies consists of 67 pages, 24 figures, 11 tables, 49 references, 3 attachments, in the Lithuanian language. KEY WORDS: crafts, rural tourism, collaboration. Research object – state of crafts and rural tourism in Lithuania. Research aim – to evaluate the importance of rural tourism to crafts development in Lithuania. Objectives: 1) to analyze and determine the theoretical links between the craft and rural tourism; 2) to evaluate the impact of crafts on rural tourism development; 3) to motivate opportunities of cooperation development between crafts and rural tourism. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, questionnaire. Research results: • The first part represents conception and development of the craft and rural tourism, identifies links between the craft and rural tourism. • The second part presents the research program and methology, analyzes condition of craft and rural tourism in Lithuania, composes a logical scheme of craft and rural tourism links and trends of development. • The third part provides an analysis of the obtained results, completes feasibility study of crafts and rural tourism co-development in Lithuania. The main conclusions are: • Collaboration of rural tourism service providers and artisans increases the competitiveness of the produce to similar products in local and foreign markets. • Collaboration of craft and rural tourism entrepreneurs provides mutual benefits and creates added value for both cooperating parties. Research results were published in collection of articles of students‘ scientific conference “The young scientists – 2012” articles: GRIGELYT Ė, M. Directions of rural tourism development. 6 TURINYS ĮVADAS ..........................................................................................................................................8 1. AMATININKYST ĖS IR KAIMO TURIZMO TEORINIAI ASPEKTAI................................10 1.1. Amatininkyst ės samprata ir raida .....................................................................................10 1.2. Kaimo turizmo samprata ir raida......................................................................................15 1.3. Amatininkyst ės ir kaimo turizmo s ąsajos.........................................................................19 2. KAIMO AMAT Ų IR KAIMO TURIZMO LIETUVOJE SĄSAJ Ų ANALIZ Ė.......................25 2.1. Tyrimo programa ir metodika...........................................................................................25 2.2. Kaimo amat ų Lietuvoje b ūkl ės analiz ė ............................................................................27 2.3. Kaimo turizmo Lietuvoje b ūkl ės analiz ė..........................................................................29 3. AMAT Ų IR KAIMO TURIZMO BENDRADARBIAVIMO PL ĖTROS LIETUVOJE GALIMYB ĖS.............................................................................................................................36 3.1. Amat ų ir kaimo turizmo s ąsaj ų identifikavimas...............................................................36 3.2. Amatininkyst ės ir kaimo turizmo bendradarbiavimo pl ėtros priemon ės..........................50 IŠVADOS......................................................................................................................................54 LITERAT ŪRA ..............................................................................................................................56 PRIEDAI .......................................................................................................................................60 7 PAGRINDINI Ų S ĄVOK Ų ŽODYN ĖLIS Tradicinis amatas – individuali ar kolektyvin ė veikla, pagr įsta iš kartos į kart ą perduodama patirtimi ir specialiais įgūdžiais, skirta tautinio paveldo produkt ų nuolatiniam suk ūrimui ir realizavimui. Tradiciniams amatams priskiriamas tradicini ų gamini ų gaminimas, tradicini ų veisli ų augal ų ir gyv ūnų veisimas bei auginimas, j ų produkt ų gavyba, gamtos g ėrybi ų rinkimas ir perdirbimas, tradicini ų paslaug ų teikimas. (LR Tautinio paveldo produkt ų įstatymas Nr. X-1207) Sertifikavimas – proced ūra, kuria įvertinama, ar tautinio paveldo produktas, tradicinio amato meistras, tradicini ų amat ų mokymo programos, tradicin ės mug ės atitinka jiems keliamus reikalavimus. Atitiktis paliudijama dokumentu – sertifikatu. (LR Tautinio paveldo produkt ų įstatymas Nr. X-1207) Tradiciniai gaminiai – nemasin ės gamybos amatinink ų dirbiniai, maisto gaminiai, liaudies muzikos instrumentai ir kiti etninio materialaus paveldo gaminiai, pagaminti iš tradicini ų žaliav ų, naudojantis rank ų darbu ir kitomis senosiomis arba jas atitinkan čiomis naujomis technologijomis ir išsaugant unikalias kokybines gamini ų savybes ir sud ėtį. LR Tautinio paveldo produkt ų įstatymas Nr. X-1207) Tradiciniai gaminiai – nemasin ės gamybos amatinink ų dirbiniai, maisto gaminiai, liaudies muzikos instrumentai ir kiti etninio materialaus paveldo gaminiai, pagaminti iš tradicini ų žaliav ų, naudojantis rank ų darbu ir kitomis senosiomis arba jas atitinkan čiomis naujomis technologijomis ir išsaugant unikalias kokybines gamini ų savybes ir sud ėtį. (LR Tautinio paveldo produkt ų įstatymas Nr. X-1207) Tradicini ų amat ų centras – įstatym ų nustatyta tvarka įsteigtas viešasis arba privatus juridinis asmuo, tenkinantis tradicini ų amat ų amatinink ų interesus, besir ūpinantis tradicini ų produkt ų gamyba ir pl ėtra, teikiantis tradicini ų amat ų mokymo, konsultavimo, eksperto ir kitas paslaugas. (LR Tautinio paveldo produkt ų įstatymas Nr. X-1207) Kaimo turizmo paslauga – savarankiška, už užmokest į turistams kaimo gyvenamojoje vietov ėje ar mieste, kuriame gyvena ne daugiau kaip 3 000 gyventoj ų, teikiama apgyvendinimo paslauga, kai kartu sudaromos s ąlygos tenkinti maitinimo, poilsio, pramog ų ar rengini ų organizavimo poreikius. (LR Turizmo įstatymas Nr. VVII-667) Turistas – fizinis asmuo, kuris pažintiniais, profesiniais dalykiniais, etniniais,
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