No. 01 / 11 October 2010

Food availability is becoming an important issue WELCOME TO JOGJA! worldwide, said Mr. Ali Shady , a former president ICID conference in 10 years ago. The man who , the Treasure of came to represent Canada, said that there are a discrepancy between supply and demand for food in Yogyakarta (also called as Jogja or Yogya) is located the world today. He said that a country is not only in the middle of Java Island, and is one of a popular tourist destination in , especially for responsible to provide enough food, but also must cultural . The cultural colour of Yogyakarta is have a sufficient stock of food. still obvious because of the temples, traditional buildings, various cultural activities, and a number of Irrigation became an important thing in relation to famous artists. This is accentuated by the presence food availability. Currently, only about 17% total of living tradition and everyday life of Yogyakarta irrigated land in the world and it yield 40% of the community which is art loving and hospitable. world's food source. "Having a conference about irrigation and drainage in Asia is a very important Walking around Jogja, you can see the wealth of thing, because it has major population in the world," pristine Javanese culture, the locals who are so friendly and artists who are making handicraft items. he said. Yogyakarta is heaven of traveling with so much charm that has not been revealed. Yogyakarta is "Irrigation is one of the solution, how to make ready to host more visitors who are eager to enjoy irrigation more efficient," he added. The world its enchanting nature and culture by providing population continues to grow, and of course, food tourist facilities, attractions, guides, and other needs are also increasing. They want more and services. Your visit to Yogyakarta will be welcomed better food. So we need more water and more land. warmly. Begin your adventures and find the In this conference, many people came from different treasures of Java Island in Yogyakarta. countries and backgrounds. They also come with different experiences from their own countries. On this occasion they can discuss, working on group and THE CHALLENGE OF FOOD SECURITY exchange ideas about problems and solutions in their respective countries.

"It will help us to know better and apply it in our own country" he said. According to the man who is originally an Egyptian, the key is to exchange information. Two of the most important thing is information and knowledge. With the information we could know something, but with the knowledge we can apply it directly in our real life into something useful.

Ali Shady

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Fuzzy Timer Technique the offshore area of the bay the sediment concentration decreases up to 10 mg/l. The Implementation for Automatic distribution of sediments follows the current Water Level Control circulations induced by tide and river discharge.

A fuzzy timer control (FTC) technique was developed Fitri Riandin for application in water level control. FTC is the modification of the general fuzzy logic control (FLC) which have been widely known and been applied in INTERMITTENT IRRIGATION IN SYSTEM various control systems. The FTC was applied in simulation using water balance analysis of weather, OF RICE INTESIFICATION POTENTIAL AS evapotranspiration and land condition information. AN ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION FTC showed good performance in the anticipation of OPTION OF NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF RICE water level fluctuation to maintain water level near the setpoint, but faced difficulty in heavy rainfall CULTIVATION IN IRRIGATED PADDY event especially in heavy rain season. During dry FIELD season, the FTC showed better performance and ability to maintain water level near the desired level. Water availability that nowadays tends to decrease The simulation was conducted using spreadsheet in quality and quantity aspects is in fact in contrary programmed with macro basic language. The with the trend of increasing demand for water. simulation also gave the irrigation and drainage Therefore the effort to improve water use efficiency capacity of 1.3 lt/sec.ha for rainy season and1.6 is necessary in every aspect of life including irrigation lt/sec.ha for dry season, with each performance to support agriculture, especially for paddy index of 11871.5 and 4225.4, which values are the cultivation. Indonesia as an agricultural country has results of optimization during the simulation. 7,49 million hectare (ha) irrigated paddy field. By means of continuous flow irrigation method, 141 Satyanto K.Saptomo, Budi I. Setiawan, billion m3 of water is needed for irrigation during 2 Ahmad Tusi, Marzan A.Iskandar planting period every year or almost 6% of water availability in Indonesia. On the other hand, one of the environmental issues related to agriculture production particularly rice is that paddy cultivation become potential contributor to global warming ESTUARY DYNAMICS OF through methane emission. Intermittent irrigation BAY of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) has a potential to overcome this problem. For this reason research The 3D-numerical model has been applied to has been conducted for four years in various simulate estuary dynamics of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia implementation stages, starting from pot, field, on- include of tidal and river current, and cohesive farm, and tertiary unit. Water inflow-outflow, sediment ransport. Sediment loads comes from 3 climate and methane emission data were collected river mouths i.e. Angke River, Karang River, and in each scope for several cropping season. The result Ancol River. The model was simulated to analyze the shows that intermittent irrigation of SRI has a effect of tidal current and river discharge. A constant consistent trend to have lower water requirement westerly and easterly wind was used as input of the and lower methane emission as it is compared with model to see the influence of monsoonal season. conventional method using continuous flow The numerical results show that the tidal current irrigation. Water requirement was reduced by 36% flows from east to western part of the bay during in on-farm research and 15-33 % lower in a tertiary ebb tide and vice versa during flood tide. The surface unit research. Methane emission was lower by current circulation is dominantly influenced by the 37.5% and global warming potential was lower by tidal current compared with the wind and river 5.7%. discharge effects. High turbidity level was found near the river mouths with the range of 50 to 100 mg/l. Susi Hidayah, Dewi Arifianty Agustina, This high sediment concentration was caused by the Marasi Deon Joubert, Soekrasno effect of sediment load from the river upstream. In

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500.000 HECTARES ARE WAITING TO growth as well as productivity. In this study, the combinations of irrigating and planting patterns BE IRRIGATED IN NEPAL across these 3 systems were also investigated, and in total there were 36 treatments. Measurements Coming from the Ministry of Irrigation, Mr. were conducted on daily basis in water level, soil Mathura Dangol is one of the delegations from water, draining water, ponding water, irrigation water, and weather parameters such as his country, Nepal. Actually this is the first time temperature, wind velocity and sunshine duration to he joined ICID conference. He came with two calculate potential evapotranspiration by means of other friends from Nepal, and they are from the FAO Penmann Monteith model. department of irrigation. He said that he wants Water balance analysis was carried out to calculate to learn a lot of things about irrigation and equivalent depth of soil water, which was then drainage, because he thoughts that his own compared with measured soil water based on water country needs to develop more about irrigation level data and soil water retention curve. Optimization process was then conducted to find system. daily crop coefficients with the objective to minimize a cumulative different between calculated and Nepal totally had 2,6 million hectares of land, measured soil water depths. The results show that and 1.760.000 hectares are irrigable. By this each reatment produced different temporal crop year, they had 1,2 million hectares of irrigated coefficients but more or less had similar patterns in land, and the challenge they had to face now is the early, middle and late stages of the plant growth. In consequence, temporal crop coefficient is there are still 500.000 hectares of lands remain important to take into account for irrigation planning that haven’t being irrigated. on different system of paddy field especially to earn optimum water efficiency. What’s the problem in the country is the financial. They need a lot of money to develop Hanhan A. Sofiyuddin, Lolly M. Martief, their irrigation system, and now people in Nepal Budi I. Setiawan, Chusnul Arif just take a loan from the bank as the solution for the financial problems. “We also want to see the Sabo Dam Merapi, “ he said. He also said that Jogja is a very nice place. Prambanan, the Most Beautiful Hindu Temple in the World Mathura Dangol Reputated as the biggest and most beautiful Hindhus Temple in Indonesia, and locally known as Roro Jonggrang. Prambanan is the masterpiece of Hindu EVALUATION OF CROP COEFFICIENTS culture from the 10th century. The slender building is towering 47 meters high making it an unsurpassed FROM WATER CONSUMPTION IN beautiful architectural. Prambanan temple has three PADDY FIELDS main temples in the primary yard, namely Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva. The three temples are a symbol Crop coefficient was evaluated from water of Trimurti in Hindu belief. All of them face east. consumption of various treated paddy fields on the Each main temple has accompanying temple facing objective to find its changes with time as the plant to the west, namely Nandini for Shiva, Angsa to grew. Three principal techniques of paddy fields Brahma, and Garuda for Vishnu. known as the commonly practiced, Integrated Crop Management (ICM) and System of Rice Intensification (SRI) were investigated. Each of them has 2 major different irrigating and planting patterns, which has different performance on plant

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Borobudur, the Biggest Buddhist Malioboro, Nostalgia of Souvenirs Temple in the 9th Century Paradise

Extends over the imaginary axis connecting the Sultan's palace, Tugu monument and the peak of Mount Merapi, this street is formed into a trading locality after Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I developed it as a traditional market since 1758. Until now, Malioboro still survive as a trade area and even is one of Yogyakarta's famous icons.

Down the road about one kilometer would be very tiring, but stories and memories of old buildings and a sprinkling of souvenir will treat it. Enjoy the experience of shopping and souvenir hunting; tourists can walk along the shoulder of the road Who does not know Borobudur? Borobudur is the which is an arcade. Here you will find many vendors largest Buddhist temple from the 9th century. It is that sell merchandise. located in Magelang, , just about an hour from Yogyakarta. This Buddhist temple has 1460 Ranging from local handicrafts such as batik, rattan relief and 504 Buddha statues in the complex. Not ornament, leather puppets, bamboo crafts (key surprisingly, millions of people yearning to visit this chains, decorative lamps, etc.) also blangkon magnificent building, for the architectural and (Javanese / Yogyakarta hat typical) and silver goods, function as a place of worship, Borobudur is really to merchants who sell a lot of knick knacks. attractive. Throughout the arcade, beside the tourists can shop in peace in a sunny or rainy conditions, they can also All relief panels in Borobudur temple reflect the enjoy a pleasant shopping experience at bargain Buddha's teachings. The relief panels tell the prices. If we’re lucky, it can be reduced for a third or legendary story of Ramayana. In addition, there are even half price. relief panels describing the condition of society at that time.

Affandi Museum, Visiting the Palace Ratu Boko Palace, the Splendor on a of the Maestro peaceful hill

Affandi Museum is all part of Affandi's life as a Ratu Boko Palace is a magnificent palace complex painting maestro. In the region of Gajah Wong built in the 8th century during the reign of Rakai River’s edge, Affandi lived, worked, transforming his Panangkaran, one of the descendants of Wangsa knowledge and lived in his eternal home. Visiting dynasty which is also a founder of Borobudur Affandi Museum which is located at Jalan Raya temple. Yogyakarta-Solo, just in the west of Gajah Wong

River, will provide you an opportunity to track all the The palace was originally named Abhayagiri Vihara means of Affandi's life. (meaning monastery) was built for seclusion and to focus on spiritual life. Being in this palace, you can In a museum that consists of 3 galleries you can see feel the peace as well as see the sights of Yogyakarta the great works of the maestro during his life, the city and Prambanan Temple with the background of works of other painters, the transportation he used Mount Merapi. first, occupied house until a studio that is now used

to nurture talent to paint for children.

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In the olden time. Sri Sultan used to concentrate his mind along this axis before leading a meeting or giving orders to his people. Each part of the building has its own name. The palace meeting hall is called Pagelaran. It is the place where formal meeting of the Palace officials are held.

Manguntur Tangkil Hall is the place where the Sultan has his seat. This hall lies in the Siti Hinggil. Siti means ground and Hinggil means high. It is named so because the place where it was built is higher than any other ground around it. It was once a tiny island

on the swamp. To visit the Museum Affandi, you only need to pay Rp 10.000,00 as an entrance ticket for domestic The front gate is called Danapratopo. It is guarded by tourists and Rp 20.000,00 for foreign tourists, as well two giant statues called Gupala. One is called as additional Rp 10,000.00 as an additional cost if Cingkorobolo and the other is Boloupoto. The two you want to take pictures. statues are supposed to protect the palace from any harm or evil. The main part of the building is called Purworetno, there are two storeys buildings called Panti Sumbaga. This building is the Sultan's private library. The building where the Sultan live is called NGAYOGYOKARTO HADININGRAT, Gedong Kuning. THE SULTAN’S PALACE The visitor of the palace can enjoy the Atmosphere of the Kraton as it was some centuries ago. Wedding ceremonies, palace meeting which is often held with puppet shows to create such an atmosphere. Many sets of gamelan music instruments, antiques, and heirlooms make the palace of Yogyakarta the most interesting tourist attractions in Yogyakarta. The palace of NgayogyokartoHadiningrat is now the dwelling place of Sultan Hamengku Buwono X and the family.

www.jogjatourism.com The palace building, with its grand and elegant

Javanese architecture, lies in the centre of the city. It was founded by Pangeran Mangkubumi in 1755. The Prince was then called Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono PARTICIPANT ATTENDANCE INFO I. He chose the right place for the site of the building, right between Winongo and Code river, a swamp By the first day of registration for ICID participants, area that dried up then. The Palace building there are 150 participants from 30 countries who stretches from north to south. had registered in Sheraton Mustika Resort&Spa Yogyakarta. Some of them are the delegations of The front yard of the palace is called alun-alun Utara (North Square) and the back yard called alun-alun Nepal, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Canada, Iran, Selatan (South Square).The design of the building Turkey and South Africa. Totally, there are about 475 shows that the palace, the obelisk (The Tugu, the participant who had registered by on line column), and Mount Merapi lie in one line. It is registration, and they are targeted would arrive to believed that the axis is sacred. Jogja by tomorrow as the first day of Working on groups will be held.

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REDISCOVER THE LEGEND OF RORO JONGGRANG (Special Appearance of 2010)

The figure is excluding the “go-show” participant which is approximately about 10% of the total participants. And the committee is predicting that on Thursday, the participants who join this event will increase to be 700 participants.

Emir Faridz

RAMAYANA BALLET PERFORMANCE

AT PURAWISATA After more than a thousand years, the timeless and mystical legend of Roro Jonggrang is now brought to life into once a year show at Prambanan Temple where the legend was born. This special show will also have special appearance of Daniel Sahuleka, the Indonesian- born-Dutch singer, Didik Nini Thowok, a multi talented artist from Jogja, and also , Jimena Navarette. The show will be held on October 12, 2010, start from 18.00 Ramayana Ballet is a beautiful, enchanting and through 21.00 in Open Air Hanoman Prambanan unrivalled performance that could combine the Temple. diversity of Javanese arts in forms of dance, drama and music in one stage that at the same time could deliver Ramayana story in four stages: Sinta's Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta abduction, Anoman's mission to Alengka, Kumbarkana's death and the happy ending when Rama meets Sinta again. This show has received the award for making a record of 25 year stripping show Production Team: from MURI (Indonesia documentary record Adolf Tommy Sitompul museum). Emir Faridz John P Pantouw Time : Every night, 20.00 - 21.30 D Fathoni A Purawisata Maria Christine Sadipun Venue : Jl. Brigjen Katamso

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No. 02 / 12 October 2010 series of events of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID at the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. THE WHOLE WORLD ARE NOW Retno Kusumo batik, which is a producer of batik art and natural batik, for six days ahead, FACING THE SAME PROBLEM will be in the ballroom of the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta for displaying various works of batik. Maybe the delegation of Taiwan is one of the Ranging from traditional to modern batik with biggest groups who attend The 62nd IECM and cosmopolitan colors that is so attractive. This the 5th ARC in Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta, kind of Batik assessed the potential for Indonesia. “27 people are attending this international markets. So, this golden opportunity, they will exhibit, sell its works, and event,” said Mr. Shu Wen Pin, one of the also to show directly the process of making working on group participants. Talking about batik to the participants. the irrigation and the related things in his own country, he said that actually now the whole world is having the same problem. It’s all about the water resources, water quality, and water distribution.

He also told that in his own country there are a lot of competitions with the industry and commercial institution to get the water for their own interest. Mr. Shu Wen Pin who involved in working group on history of irrigation, drainage and food control came from irrigation organization in Taiwan called WUA (Water Users Association). And now they are trying to For the batik that is sold in the exhibition, the make more efficient of water usage, particularly price ranges from 250,000 IDR up to 1,750,000 in their own country. IDR. According to them the price is very affordable to target international markets. Shu Wen Pin Retno Kusumo Batik has a lot of products ranging from hand write batik, stamp batik and combination of stamp, handwrite and brush painting with bright colors (for synthetic colors). “BATIK” IS ALSO PRESENTED IN THE They also make “ready to wear” fashion with ST TH delicate fabrics for man and woman, as well as 61 IECM AND 6 ARC OF ICID serve make to order also suit with our designs. To make a sheet of Batik, will take a week. Organizing an international event in the city of Compare it with a draftman who can earn about Yogyakarta will be more complete with the 1.000.000 IDR per week. So, we can compare it presence of art and culture from Jogja. Batik as again with the batik price above. one of the cultural wealth owned by the Yogyakarta Special Region, go on display in a

From the information from Retno Kusumo two groups that had been merged about two Batik, the oldest Batik writer (Canting) who still years ago. remains in Jogja now is an 80-years-old woman. She can only make a classical patern of Batik He said that the environment problem based on her imagination. nowadays had to be solved in a systematical way. Because there are some differences between the environment condition in the Workshop on Role of Irrigation in developing countries and the developed Poverty Alleviation countries. And the developing countries need more problems solving for their environment As the series of workshop that will be held condition. “The most important thing is during the 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID, protecting the environment,” he said again. there would be a workshop on role of Each country should have their own way to irrigation in poverty alleviation. It will be protect their environments, because it’s a very held on Wednesday 13 October 2010, start local issue. But through this working groups, seminar, and workshop, we can disseminate the from 14.00-17.00 in West 1. The workshop information that we have, exchange idea that follows a working group meeting starting at we have to other people. 13.30 with four presentations:

1. “Role of Irrigation in Poverty Alleviation in India” by R C Jha 2. “Definitions of Poverty” by Prof Linden Vincent 3. “Multiple Uses of Farm Storages” by Andre Roux 4. “Employment Opportunities for the Landless Poor” by Peter Lee

Questions and discussion will be welcome.

Peter Lee

THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT FOR ENVIRONMENT Environment has both negative impact and Coming from the working group on positive impact. All we have to do is minimize environment, Mr. Yamaoka Kazumi from the negative impact and maximize the positive told the Daily News about the environmental impact for our life. “Although it’s a very local issues that had been discussed in the working issue, we should think globally and act locally,” group. Actually, the main topic or issue is about he added. the future development of environment. Yamaoka Kazumi Originally, working group on environment were

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BEST SELLER BOOK : WATER SAVING him. The major topic which they discussed in IN AGRICULTURE the meetings is a matter of Water & corps. He said he was more interested to attend the workshop to be held on Wednesday. During the first day IECM 61st and 6th ARC of ICID at the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta, the Asked about his impression of the event 61st ICID book exhibition has been one of the IECM and 6th ARC of ICID, he sees so far interesting things in the series of event. Many everything is good and well-organized. But one participants from Indonesia as well as from thing he can not stand of Jogja city is the other country had ordered and bought many weather that was very hot. "It's too hot here," kind of book. But there is a book that today he said with a laugh. This might be a challenge became a “best seller book”, that is Water as Yogyakarta has been hit by the negative Saving in Agriculture. effects of global warming which is causing the average temperature each day was so high in As we know, the major challenge facing by recent years. irrigated agriculture today is producing more food using less water. This book is a compilation Andrew Sanewe of case studies of successful water saving experiences, tools and research studies contributed by ICID WatSave award winners as well as by selected experts from Australia, FIRST DAY SURPRISES FOR THE Brazil, China, India, Egypt, South Korea, COMMITTEE , South Africa, Spain, Netherland, Turkmenistan, UK and USA. This publication is a rich source of information and an inspiration for The first day of IECM 61st and 6th ARC of ICID all those professionals, policy makers, 2010 seemed to be a hard and busy day for Mr. researchers and irrigators engaged in producing Eri Gas, the regional committe from Padang more crops per drop all over the world. city, Sumatera, Indonesia. But he was so The committee said that there are many surprised as he attended the meeting that was participants who were interesting to the book well running. He used to join as well as organize exhibition. The participants from Indonesia the regional events. But today, when he arrived who have bought the book are mainly from in Jogja, he felt that everything in the education institution (lecturers) and from PU. conference was well organized, and he really Ega appreciated the committee from Jogja and Jakarta who had organized everything in this

event.

JOGJA IS TOO HOT : A GLOBAL WARMING CHALLENGE?

Mr. Andrew Sanewe, South African delegation that came to Yogyakarta with his 11 colleagues claimed that so far there’s nothing very interesting on the first day IECM 61st and 6th ARC of ICID at the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. When interviewed during the coffee break time, he admitted that he only came as an observer. But the working group that he had participated today hadn’t brought any interesting thing to

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The committees who are in charge to organize that this activity will be an open seminar the book exhibition were so surprised too, that expected it will be followed also by the knowing that a lot of participants were so young people who become participants interested with the book exhibition. “We IECM 61st and 6th ARC of ICID 2010. thought that today there would be a few people, but in fact so many people bought and order the books,” said Ega, a student of Gadjah Vina Mada University Yogyakarta who was in charge. “Some of the books had been sold out, and we don’t have the stock anymore,” he added. No “APA KABAR” MY OLD BROTHERS wonder that many people wanted to buy the book because in this special occasion, ICID gave (How are you?) 50% discount for all items.

It was different with the committee who was in charge for author check in. Mrs. Indrijati S. told Daily News that everything was going fine. Some of the paper presenters have been registered to the “author check in”, and only some of them who still prepared and about to finish their papers and power point for the presentations. “But so far, all of the participants and presenters were so cooperative with the committee,” she said.

Ega, Indrijati, Erigas IECM 61st and 6th ARC of ICID 2010 is a great opportunity for the participants to FIRST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR OF meet and greet their old friends from YOUNG PROFESSIONAL FORUM different countries. (YPF) INACID

YPF is a new organization that established FIRST DAY SUMMARY OF WORKING about four months ago. As the name GROUPS ON WATER MANAGEMENT implies, this forum consists of young people who want to focus on the field of irrigation IN WATER STRESSED REGIONS and drainage. On 15 October 2010, YPF will host the first international seminar. Working group on water management in water-stressed regions run very well. The The seminar will be held at West I room at meeting which held in the Mataram II room Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. It is planned was followed by about 50 participants from to bring 14 speakers, one of them came various countries. In essence, the purpose from Japan, and the other from Indonesia. of this working group is to provide The theme of this first international seminar information to water-stressed regions, as was not only on irrigation, but also about well as solutions or steps forward in dealing the world water resources. It is planned with these important issues.

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When asked about any country that became the focus of the issue, Frank Dimick, a civil engineer of Dimick Water Resources Engineering that is based in Monroe, Utah, who became speaker in the meeting, said that he could not say it specifically. "Each country must have a water-stressed region," he said after the working group.

He said that in the working group there was lot of discussion from many participants. "We got many progress," he added. In the Fathoni second session of the working group, they also produced a work plan for the next three years, a sort of action plan expected Tamansari the Water Castle to be a concrete step in dealing with issues related to water management in water- Visit Tamansari (Water Castle), you will find a stressed regions. unique atmosphere of the past periods. Formerly Tamansari was a recreation garden or Frank Dimick a resting house for the Sultan and Family. The other resting houses including Warungboto, COORDINATION MEETING OF THE Manukberi, Ambarbingun, and Ambarrukmo COMMITTEE functioned for the vacation and meditation for the royal family. The other function is used as hiding place for royal family to defend against the enemy assault.

Not for from Tamansari is Ngasem traditional market, the biggest bird market in Yogyakarta. All of those attractions have made Tamansari become one of main tourist object in Yogyakarta besides Yogyakarta palace.

www.jogjatourism.com

The coordinator meeting was attended by 30 executive committees and led by Mr. Imam and Mr. Hasan as the leader of Malioboro, the Souvenirs Paradise organizer. The meeting talked about the final preparation of opening ceremony and Extends over the imaginary axis connecting the also the preparation of the exhibition Sultan's palace, Tugu monument and the peak inauguration that would be held on of Mount Merapi, this street is formed into a Thursday. trading locality after Sri Sultan Hamengku buwono I developed it as a traditional market

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since 1758. Until now, Malioboro still survive as (wayang player) plays puppet made from a trade area and even is one of Yogyakarta's buffalo’s leather behind a white screen. famous icons. Down the road about one kilometer would be Hence, the audience can only see the very tiring, but stories and memories of old shadow. That’s exactly the reason why it’s buildings and a sprinkling of souvenir will treat called “wayang” meaning shadow in it. Enjoy the experience of shopping and English. The attractive parts of the show lie souvenir hunting; tourists can walk along the on the dynamic movement of dalang at shoulder of the road which is an arcade. Here playing different roles of wayang, changing you will find many vendors that sell the voice character, his jokes and even his merchandise. singing.

It’s free. However, we need to pay the entrance fee to get into Keraton (IDR 12,500). The show will be performed every Saturday, 09.00-13.00 at Keraton Yogyakarta (The Sultan’s Palace) Jl. Rotowijayan No. 1 Phone: +62 274 373721

Ranging from local handicrafts such as batik, rattan ornament, leather puppets, bamboo crafts (key chains, decorative lamps, etc.) also blangkon (Javanese / Yogyakarta hat typical) and silver goods, to merchants who sell a lot of knick knacks. Throughout the arcade, beside the tourists can shop in peace in a sunny or rainy conditions, they can also enjoy a pleasant shopping experience at bargain prices. If we’re lucky, it can be reduced for a third or even half price. (www.yogyes.com)

WAYANG KULIT (LEATHER PUPPET) SHOW Production Team: Adolf Tommy Sitompul Wayang kulit (leather puppet) is a Emir Faridz magnificent artwork of Javanese art John P Pantouw D Fathoni A performance that has received Maria Christine Sadipun acknowledgement from UNESCO. A dalang

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No. 03 / 13 October 2010 FARMERS HAD THEIR OWN CONSTRAINS FOR THE WAY IRRIGATED AREAS

Looking at a chart which is on posters mounted on the ballroom of Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta, a participant of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID from Rome, Italy, gave his little opinion. The irrigated area in the world today has reached almost 300 Mha, with the highest percentage owned by India, with 60.8%.

In Europe, only the South European region Jakarta - In the midst of a situation which is too was the one who had the largest irrigated limited, farmers are able to bring innovations in areas, like Italy, Spain, Portugal, some also agricultural cultivation of food to cope with the from Eastern European regions such as impact of global climate change. They hoped Poland and surrounding countries. the government is not absent, continues its However, the people there can take support of research. advantage of land cultivating time that is so short of for planting until harvesting. It’s Farmers are frustrated with the sluggish because the continent with four seasons attitude of the government in tackling climate certainly had a different planting time with change. With all its limitations, most farmers do two season countries. Yet all can be done what might be done. There are a variety of effectively and efficiently. innovations by farmers and proved a success. For example, to overcome the rotten onion

plants when it rains, farmers are innovating Asia is the continent which has the largest cultivation techniques by way of deepening the percentage of irrigated area in the world. trench. Not surprising since this continent still has a lot of land and plenty of water. Commented There are four basic things that should be on African countries, he said in fact there is pursued in the face of global climate impact of a great potential there, because the an increasingly uncertain. They are the aspect of available land is so large. However, financial production, distribution, pricing, and constraints also become an obstacle to the networking. Distribution factors can be development of irrigation systems and improved by building “embung” (lake), farming there. improvement of irrigation infrastructure including construction of reservoirs. The other

important things that also matter are price and Maria C.S network cooperation. By establishing a good

cooperation between countries, the sharp rise because no participants in attendance. On the in the price fluctuations can be overcome. 4th floor of Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta, which ought to be room for the Task Force on Water www..com for Bio-energy and Food at 09.00 to 12.30 pm was followed by only three participants. While the Adipati room that was planned for the Working Group on Environment Workshop was ASIAN REGIONAL SUMMARRY, attended by only about 10 people. “WHERE ARE WE NOW?” & “WHAT Mr. Erwin Tri Nugroho as a committee from Jogja expressed his opinion that perhaps it was IS OUR GOAL?” because of the separated venue for the meeting, where the most of the meetings were The Asian Regional Working Group that took centered on the ballroom of Sheraton Mustika place in Mataram 3 Meeting room came out Yogyakarta. But he added the lack of with next plan to face the challenge in the Asian information may also be a reason why some Region, especially related to climate change. In meetings could have a very few participants. that session, Japan also gave a kind of report to all of the participants about the climate change, titled “Asian Regional Task Force on Climate TURKEY PROMOTED Change Meeting”. It was presented by Shinsuke ITSELF TO HOST ICID’S Ota, the chairman of ARTF-CC. NEXT CONFERENCE He explained a lot of things about “Where are we now” and “What is our goal”. As the As a proposal of hosting ICID 8th Asian conclusion, ARTF-CC prepares the concise th report consisting of country-wise information Regional Conference and 64 IEC Meeting and extracted lessons, which will be really on 2010, the delegation of Turkey as the useful for government officials, researchers, candidate was presenting and promoting practitioners and other tackling climate change. itself to the participants who were gathering in the Asian Regional Working Group. The international conference that WHERE ARE YOU GUYS? planned to take place in Antalya, Turkey on 2013 brought “Irrigation Management under Drought Conditions” as the theme.

A Group of Participants Joined Jogja Heritage Tour

16 participants who did not follow the meeting or working group on Tuesday (12/10) joined Jogja tour. The tour began at 08.30 a.m using 2 mini vans. The tour started with a city tour to In the second day of 61st IEC Meeting and 6th visit some tourist attractions in Yogyakarta, ARC of ICID, there are still some deserted room such as the Museum Sonobudoyo, Keraton, that was less of participants, there was even Taman Sari the Water Castle, and Ngasem one or two meetings that had to be canceled traditional market.

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After lunch, the tour continued with a tourist destination Borobudur temple in Magelang, Central Java. The trip was closed with a visit to Batik Prawirotaman to see directly the process of making batik. After that, all of the tour participants went to Silver smith. Tour ended around five o'clock. There are also other tour packages to different destinations for the next day.

They also made a visit to the (UGM) and the Indonesian Islamic University (UII). "Yogyakarta is a very nice place," said Mrs. Hayati, one of the participants representing the Malaysian International Committee on Irrigation and Drainage. Not only that, some of the committees also visited Borobudur temple in the early morning Hayati to see the beautiful sunrise view there. They were Mr. John Pantouw and other committees. They went to Borobudur at 03.30 in the morning, just to hunt the sunrise from Gala Dinner with Miss Borobudur temple and statues that was so Universe and beautiful. This is one of the 25 photos that he had captured there. The gorgeous panorama of 2010 at Prambanan Temple Merapi mountain and its cloud. Tuesday (12/10), Miss Universe 2010 Tonny Jimena Navarette and Puteri Indonesia 2010 Nadine Alexandra Dewi Ames arrived at the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta Resort and Spa. Their arrival was greeted warmly with a MALAYSIAN DELEGATIONS’ traditional dance presented by the SUNDAY TOUR Yogyakarta tourism office. The event was followed by a press conference held at the The first day arrived in Yogyakarta on Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta’s Suko Sunday (10/10), the participants 61st IECM Lounge. At that occasion, Jimena Navarette and 6th ARC of ICID from Malaysia, said that she was impressed with Jogja city, amounting to 5 people have made time for although it was her first time here. And she touring to some place in Jogja. They have was also thankful for the invitation from visited the tourist area of Mount Merapi sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. and Merapi Golf Court.

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maintenance," said Gatot Priono, a Water Management Specialist.

The people involved in this program incorporated in the Union of Water User Farmers (P3A). This program had run in 6 provinces in Indonesia, from , Central Java, , to South . Mr. Gatot added that the construction of irrigation program is divided into 2, namely the rehabilitation P3A conducting joint operations with the contractor, in which at least P3A involved in 10%. While the second is a program that is 100% run by SP3 with During the stay in Yogyakarta, the two funds under 250 million IDR. beautiful women came to promote the tourism potential in Yogyakarta Special Region. First they visited the Taman Sari A CANADIAN FARMER CAN Royal Heritage Spa that was recently opened in Solo. Next they followed a special FEED MORE THAN 30 gala dinner at Prambanan Temple with the FAMILIES, HOW ABOUT theme of "The Legend of Roro Jonggrang". INDONESIA?

Sekar Ayu GP It is amazing that country like Canada which just had a limit of land, water, and planting time, can produce a lot of crops. Like Ali Presentation of PISP Shady said, the statistic prediction showed that each farmer can feed more than 30 Program families. Why a country like Indonesia can’t do such thing too? As we know, Indonesia is On the second day of 61st IECM and 6th a very large country, with a lot of farming ARC of ICID, there was a special session of land areas and plenty of water. The climate Indonesia-India that presented a program of Indonesia also supported the agriculture of Participatory Irrigation Sector Program sector. (PISP) with Mott MacDonald. This presentation will be delivered by Mr. Mr. Ali from Canada just said that William Pandis from Mott MacDonald. In “technology” is the answer. In his country, the presentation also displayed the design people cultivate the land effectively and sector projects that have been efficiently. So they are not only producing implemented in the area of Purworejo and food for their own people, but they can also Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia. "PISP is an export it. He saw that most people in Asia, irrigation project undertaken by a particularly in Indonesia, haven’t taken the participatory approach. So, this program benefit of technology. Whereas, it would be directly involving farmers from the so useful to increase the crop. construction, operation, up to

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As an example, a Canadian farmer used lot of participants. The average attendance rate machines to cultivate the land and to of participants was 75 up to 100%. harvest. But in Indonesia most people do those things manually. Maybe it’s also a Erwin Tri Nugroho challenge for our country, how to take more benefit from technology so it can help us to produce better and more food in the future. ICID NEEDS MORE YOUNG PEOPLE

In the recent year, we can see that ICID was still Ali Shady held by senior people. Even some people who have retired were still active in the organizational activities of ICID. Several The Committee Added Seats to delegations from countries such as China and Mataram I Room Taiwan even always sent the same people to every ICID meeting both regional and

international levels. No wonder if those who When the first day there were only 150 re- diligently followed ICID events will always be registered participants, but in the second day it met in such opportunity like this. seemed pretty much progress of the participants number of 61st IEC Meeting and One positive point was strengthening relations 6th ARC of ICID. The committee noted the with the colleagues from various countries. But registration until Tuesday afternoon that there on the other hand, the current young were 180 participants from abroad, and a total generation is also expected to take over the of 267 participants overall. The committee said roles that existed in ICID. Iran for example, had the prediction for tomorrow is the peak of the made the promotion to the Universities there. attendees’ registration, with a target of 250 They actively invited youth to participate in the foreign participants. organization.

They often gave awards for papers produced by the students, sent them to attend seminars, and even also recruited students who were considered to have good potential. One thing that also supported it was in those countries, such organizations had been separated from the government, so they had autonomy in developing their organizations.

Hafid

The raising number of participants significantly affected the meeting held in Mataram I room. AFRICAN PARTICIPANTS The committee even had to add the seats for ALSO INTERESTED TO BATIK the participants who attended the Working Group on Global Climate Change and For the participants who came from foreign Agricultural Water Management. Several other countries, batik became something unique. On rooms which were located in the ballroom of the sidelines and break time of the 61st IECM the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta also showed a and 6th ARC of ICID, there were a lot of them who came to see the work of batik and batik

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making which was performed directly in the Merapi via Kinahrejo village to descend again at ballroom of the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. noon. Some participants from Africa in that afternoon also looked quite enthusiastically asked the When the weather is clear, a spectacular sight batik maker. of the panoramic view that covers the surrounding forest of Plawangan and Kaliurang, and the rolling green country side that fades into the distant misty horizon of the blue Indian Ocean can be seen easily. The best time to view the mountain is shortly after sunrise (before 09.00 o'clock ), when the early morning light starts lifting up the shroud of mist around its peak.

PARANGTRITIS BEACH

Parangtritis ha long been famous, not only as a beach resort where sand-dunes, sandy beach "Usually they ask the kinds of batik and the and rocky cliffs meet, but it is also a historical price," said Lisa who learn batik by self-taught place which closely related to the mysterious since she was young. Kouyato Goundo, a legend of the Queen of the south sea " Kanjeng delegate from , Africa also expressed her Ratu Kidul ", who together with her confident, attraction to the original traditional art of Jogja. the feared Nyai Loro Kidul, the ever youthful and beautiful queen, reign over sea nymphs and Lisa spirits. The Legends say that Kanjeng Ratu Kidul was married to one of the Mataram Monarch, Panembahan Senopati whom she visited and KALIURANG MOUNTAIN RESORT communed with on certain occasions. It is said that the name Parangtritis expresses a natural Kaliurang lies at the foot of Plawangan hill on phenomenon. From the wall of one of the hills the southern slope of mount Merapi, some 28 drops off water containing calcium continuously km, north of Yogyakarta. This is a refreshing dripped down and finally formed a pool with a holiday resort for those seeking refuge and very clear water in it. Sri Sultan Hamengku tranquility amidst the lush green tropical Buwono Vll found and took care of it. The pool splendour. As a mountain resort Kaliurang is now used as the bathing pool of Parangtritis offers accommodation facilities - villas, swimming pool. bungalows, inns as well as recreational facilities, such as swimming pools, tennis courts and playground. Many people visit Kaliurang, especially during the holidays. Young people, like boy scouts, enjoy going there since the town provides camping sites and places for Production Team: mountaineering. Those who like mountain Adolf Tommy Sitompul climbing can climb the Merapi Mountain from Emir Faridz Kaliurang. One can stay overnight in Kaliurang John P Pantouw then start, very early in the morning, climbs the D Fathoni A Maria Christine Sadipun

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used to irrigate eastern Java areas such as Kediri and Ponorogo. No. 04 / 14 October 2010 It must be recognized that irrigation in Indonesia ever delivered this nation as a self-

sufficient in food. But it turned out to not be

maintained due to lack of maintenance. Most IRRIGATION IN engineers just want to build and build, but for INDONESIA : NOW AND maintenance, no one wanted to be responsible. For the future, Indonesia seems to need to FUTURE move the concentration on the island of Java to other islands in eastern Indonesia such as Sulawesi and Papua. It needs a change in philosophy that development is based on the human to a development based on natural resources.

Soenarno

WORKING GROUP ON HISTORY OF IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND FLOOD CONTROL

On Wednesday, October 13, 2010, there

was a working group on history of irrigation, Initially, irrigation in Indonesia was only for our drainage and flood control presented by own needs (social purpose). The longer it Kamran Emami, the Chairman. The theme developed; irrigation became something that was the fulfillment of the economy (economic that was presented in the meeting was purpose.) In terms of water availability has “Past Water Wisdom for Future undergone many changes, from the plenty of Challenges”. and easy to get water, then it became very limited and difficult to get. The objective of this working group is to motivate ICID National Committees in From the first known of irrigation, Indonesia had adopted surface irrigation, which took various countries to set up their National water from the rivers. However in 1968 during a Working Groups and provide them guidance solo river flooding every year, Indonesia began to compile, publish, update and/or translate to implement ground water irrigation. Because documents on history of irrigation, they found that soil water in that area already saturated. The water was then pumped and drainage, flood control, and river

engineering, incorporating relevant food day, October 19-22. Therefore, the agricultural, political, socio-economic, consumption of rice as the main carbohydrate climatological and geographical aspects for source must be reduced to 1.5% per year. It's proper understanding of the technological not easy because rice is the main food in Indonesian. developments in the subject, if possible Anticipate the need for food; the daily executive chronologically. Furthermore, to organize director of food crops protection from the seminars at ICID Congresses, in order to ministry of agriculture, Sarsito Wahono also show the importance of historical studies warned that climate change could threaten and as to how they help when planning for national food security. the new projects. www.kompas.com

Tommy Sitompul

GENDER ACTION PLAN BY Indonesia will be WATER USER FARMERS ASSOCIATION exhausted if continues to depend on rice Although working in the field of irrigation and drainage, Water User Farmers Association (P3A) in Indonesia also still care about gender equality. They did a gender action plan which required at least 30% of women in their organizations. So that, in the membership, management and training they did, at least there will be at least 30% of women who got involved. Mr. Gatot Priono which is the project coordinator of Participatory Irrigation Sector (PISP) in Semarang saw this as a positive step. He said the program was quite successful Jakarta - Indonesia's dependence on rice as a because there were many women staple food is rising up. If in 1950 the national incorporated in the P3A and became an rice consumption of total carbohydrate was active member in every program held by 53%, this year the figure rose to 95%. them. Head of the center of consumption and food safety agency of agriculture ministry, Mulyono Machmur explained that as the population SABO DAM TECHNICAL TOUR grows, consumption of rice in Indonesia will continue to rise. On Wednesday (13/10), 40 participants from foreign countries together with the committees "Indonesia will be exhausted if it continues to from PU joined a technical tour. The journey spur the production of rice more than 5%," he began at 06.00 am from Sheraton Mustika said in a press conference to welcome the world Yogyakarta. On this occasion, their first

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destination was Tlatar Sabo Dam (sabo dam 8th Asian Regional Conference and 64th IEC combined with irrigation facility). After that the Meeting of ICID on 2013. Several posters group went to Ketep Pass, a natural attractions and banners were displayed in the ballroom located on the slopes of Merapi in Sawangan, and lobby of the Sheraton Mustika Central Java. From this place we can see Yogyakarta. panoramic views of Merapi and indovolcanoes. They also gave merchandise and CD that can be taken free of charge by the participants. had proposed itself to host the 8th ICID Asian Regional Conference and 64th IEC Meeting in Chiang Mai on 2013 with the theme "Water Management in the Changing World".

TWO VIEW POINTS OF WEB CONFERENCE

In the midst of the current technological advances, communication can be done anytime, anywhere and to everywhere. It The trip continued to Borobudur Temple in also became an input to ICID to hold a web Magelang regency, Central Java Province. conference in their meetings. It had also During the trip, the committee of PU (Public previously been suggested by the National Works) who accompanied members also Committee in Australia. The existence of a explained the technical issues associated with web conference can make a meeting with the places they visited. After the Borobudur, the anyone from anywhere without having to group visited the Sabo Dam BO-D3 (sabo dams meet physically. But this proposal has not combined with road), and Merapi Museum. In received further response from officials in this museum participants can see the history of ICID. Surely this can not be resolved in a the Merapi eruption. Ranging from photographs and video documentation. short time. At least it would take two years to make further consideration of this Tonny proposal.

According to Mr. Hafied, besides it will save VOTE CHIANG MAI 2013 cost, time and energy, it will also very efficient in its execution. But on the other If yesterday Turkey had been promoting side, there would be less opportunity to themselves as a candidate for the next strengthen the relations and meet with event’s organizer, one of the beautiful countries in Asia, Thailand, also did the colleagues and old friends from various same to get some supports for hosting the countries. In addition, if we held

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international conferences in various lost from the farm land. Some delegates countries, it will also help the country to from various countries shared their introduce themselves to other people who experiences as occurring in their countries. were there. Based on the capabilities and China for example, has made the mapping current conditions, Mr. Hafied only of polluted areas. This is certainly cost a lot commented that we can make the of money, but the benefits can be directly transition slowly, can not be drastic. felt by the farmers there. Germany also made a sort of experiments to investigate

the loss of nitrate by a method using INDONESIA-INDIA JOINED selective electrodes. Similarly, South Africa which now continued to develop many SESSION PRESENTED A CASE researches and experiments to solve one of STUDY OF PURWOREJO the problems faced by agriculture today.

On Tuesday (12/10) had been held an “Indonesia-India Joined Session” with the JATILUHUR DAM on theme “Existing status of Participative jatiluhur.net Irrigation management”. The material was presented by Ir. Moh. Hassan, Dr. M. basuki Hadimuljono, M.Sc., and also Mr. W. J. van Diest. Still in the same session, the second presentation was about “The Implementation of Participating irrigation management and development”. It was a case study from Purworejo District, Central Java province, Indonesia. This was presented by Ir. Adang Sat ahmad and Ir. W. J. Van Diest. Jatiluhur located in District Jatiluhur, Tommy Sitompul Purwakarta Regency (± 9 km from the center of Purwakarta). Jatiluhur Dam is the largest dam in

Indonesia. The dam was named by the NUTRIENT LEACHING ON government Reservoir Ir. H. Juanda, with AGRICULTURE panoramic lake which covers about 8300 ha. The dam was built since 1957 by a French A working group in the room Sheraton contractor, with the potential of the available Mustika Yogyakarta had a good discussion water of 12.9 billion m3 / year and is the first about the Nutrient Leaching on Agriculture. multipurpose dam in Indonesia. They talked about a methodology to predict If you want to know more information about the nitrogen or nitrate substance which was this place, just click on

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http://www.jatiluhur.net/. Starting from the from Jakarta. She enjoyed playing the “kecapi” love and care about the environment, then the although for her it was quite difficult. site was created as a forum for environmental If you want to feel the sensation of playing the activists to share information about “kecapi”, just come up beside the “Batik booth” environmental conditions that developed in the in the ballroom of Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta area. and the young man will be pleasure to tell you how to play it. With hope that we can unify our vision and mission to always care about the preservation of the environment around us. INVITATION FOR YOUNG Jatiluhur.NET founded as a non-governmental PROFESSIONALS: NGO, a non profit organization that has focused to a learning objective to the broad community, “ROAD TO TEHRAN 2011” and students from elementary school until the university to maintenance the environment of The 62nd ICID-IEC meeting and 21st Jatiluhur and the environment in Indonesia International Congress on irrigation and generally. drainage, 8th International micro irrigation Jatiluhur.NET do not have a political mission congress will be held in Tehran, Iran, on and did not have duty of a particular agency or May 2011 by Iranian National committee on institution. irrigation and drainage (IRNCID). www.jatiluhur.net Therefore, all interested participants are

welcome to exchange ideas, experiences, An Hour with “KECAPI” new technologies and innovations, as well as to share benefits from scientific aspects. You can note the following extended deadlines for submission of papers.

Submission deadline of comprehensive summary and conclusion of about 500-600 words is 30 November 2010. Intimation of acceptance of summary and conclusion deadline is 15 January 2011. And the receipt of full text of accepted papers will be on 01 2011. All young professionals of ICID

National Irrigation and Drainage Hearing the strains of kecapi sound that was Committees are invited actively participate played by a young man in the ballroom of in the congress as well as annual meeting in Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta, was making one Tehran. of the committee are interested to try it. Javanese stringed music instrument proved very unique for Ms. Dewi, one of the committee

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LADY’S PROGRAM AND committee explained again that so far they can handle everything well. COOKING CLASS

Some of the participants of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID who came from abroad also came with their families, including their wives and children. In the 3rd day, one of them came up to one of the committee and asked about the “ladies program” because they didn’t know what to do when their husband was in the meeting. Unfortunately, there was no lady’s program in this event. But you do not to be worry because there are some tour packages that you can take from the hotel.

Some of the women participants also had an One other thing that became constrain for them idea of cooking session. It’s a program where were the different languages. So there was a they can learn to cook with other participants little bit difficulty in communication with some too. Some of participants agreed with the idea, participants. But with their hospitality, the and if there are at least 3 participants who committees always tried to give the best to the would join the program, it will come soon in participants of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID. Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta.

384 PARTICIPANTS THE “ADELAIDE 2012” TEAM

ALREADY HAD THEIR Australian Trade Commission under the “PHOTO SHOOT” Australian Government and also Irrigation Australia give an invitation that requests the The committee from registration division pleasure of your company to the “Irrigation reported that in the 3rd day, there are already Australia Networking Function” with 384 participants who had registered and took Australian Irrigation Industry their photos. They came from various countries representatives. The meeting will take place (about 35 countries) and also from Indonesia. It at The Suko Wine Lounge, Sheraton Mustika showed a better progress for this event, Yogyakarta Resort and Spa, Thursday, 14th because on Thursday (14/10), there would be October 2010 at 5.00 pm. an opening ceremony of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID.

The committee said that so far everything can be ran well, although some of the participants Production Team: still complained about the light when they want Adolf Tommy Sitompul to take their photos in the registration room. Emir Faridz Because the bad light made the result of their John P Pantouw photo shoots were not good. But the D Fathoni A Maria Christine Sadipun

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No. 05 / 15 October 2010

SRI PADUKA PAKU ALAM IX prominent figures who attended. The top part of the opening ceremony was the Inauguration MARKED THE OPENING ceremony symbolically by beating the "Gong" CEREMONY BY BEATING by Sri Paduka Paku Alam IX accompanied by esteemed leaders. ‘GONG’ ICID 6th Asian Regional Conference this time brought the theme "Improvement of irrigation and Drainage Efficiency under the Small Holding Land Condition". The leaders who attended appreciated the event, and hoped that it can allow the participants to share the development of Irrigation and Drainage in the past and future. Especially to deal with global climate change that will affect the world’s food security.

GENERAL REPORT FROM THE PLENARY SESSION On Thursday (14/10), officially ICID 6th Asian Regional Conference opened in the ballroom of After the opening ceremony on Thursday the Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. In that morning, some important figures presented to morning (14/10), there was a plenary session of th mark the opening of the Asian regional ICID 6 Asian Regional Conference in the conference held on October 14-16. They are Ir. ballroom of Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. The Agus Imam Nugroho, Dipl. HE as a Chairman of conference’s theme was “Improvement of Organizing Committee; Prof. Dr. Chandra A. Irrigation and Drainage Efficiency through Madramootoo Ph.D., Ing. as the President of Participatory Development and Management ICID; Sri Paduka Paku Alam IX as the Vice under Small Holding Condition”. In the plenary, Governor of Yogyakarta; Minister of Parliamentary Affairs and Water Resources, some of important figures also attended. They Government of India, Hon'ble Pawan Kumar are Dr. Ir. M. Amron M. Sc. Director General of Bansal and Also the Minister of Public Works, Water Resources, Ministry of Public Works and Dr. Ir. Djoko Kirmanto, Dipl. HE. also H. E. Hon’ble Pawan Kumar Bansal, the Minister of Parliamentary affairs and Water Starting at 09.00 a.m, ceremony opened with a resources, Government of India. traditional dance of Yogyakarta that was delivered by 5 couples of talented Dancers. There was also a general report of the After that also delivered speeches from conference that was presented by Mr. Paul van

Hofwegen as a general reporter.

The general report began with the description traditional farmer participation patterns like the of the small holders. They are the owners of Subak model on Bali or other traditional small farm holding with no capability to communities were presented. (significantly) contribute financially to system development and management. In this region for example, a small holder has to feed more people on less land with less water.

He also explained the findings from contributing papers. In general, papers presented the experiences and best practices from different countries for small holders in coping with water scarcity, participative management, climate change and environmental issues and urbanization and the rapid development of rural and urban infrastructures.

SRI as one of the Some presentations emphasized the richness of remarkable ways for traditional wisdom, but, on the other hand, in ensuring water use another presentation, exploring a statistical approach, a mixture of traditional knowledge efficiency in Indonesia and governmental interference turned out to be an optimal management strategy. And religious During this seminar, participants have explored rituals, as well as traditional belief systems were many aspects of irrigation history, but also of identified as relevant factors in irrigation the present, and we have even experienced management issues, as these may have a projections of the future. Most presentations motivating potential to improve the farmer's dealt with Indonesia, but there was also an performance. Many ancient irrigation structures interesting presentation on the Aichi-canal in still function in today's Indonesia, notably in Japan, a good case-study to compare with remote areas, which reveals even more the Indonesian cases. Technical systems were relevance of past knowledge and expertise. explored, in a large variety, but also To conclude, this richness of historical organizational problems and practices, like knowledge and practices may inspire us to work stakeholder management, budgetary matters, O out solutions to respond to the many challenges and M performances, sustainability and ahead in the irrigation field. religious and cultural aspects of irrigation management were highlighted. Bert Toussaint, Tommy Sitompul

Regarding the historical aspects, the seminar provided much learning material. The colonial heritage was discussed, its beneficial effects and its adverse consequences; case-studies on

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PARTICIPANTS to exchange information among members for ENTHUSIASTICALLY the improvement of water resources management. To facilitate closer relations TOOK PHOTOS WITH among NARBO members, the program includes THE DANCERS information exchange, staff exchange and exchange visit.

In the exhibitions of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID, NARBO presented in the ballroom of Sheraton Mustika Yogykarta to give you all of information about the organization, programs, and activities. For further information, you can go to the stand or booth and meet Ms. Sakuma Chie from Japan Water Agency who will give you a friendly explanation.

Sakuma Chie After the opening ceremony, some participants who had left the room enthusiastically were taking some pictures with the dancers who just SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS FROM performed the traditional dance in the Opening ceremony. The dancers wore traditional YOGYAKARTA Javanese costumes served each participant who wanted to capture that special moment Since doing promotions at the conference in friendly. Pakistan 2008 and India 2009, Mr. Basuki saw that so far the 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID held in Yogyakarta this year was good enough. Until the fourth day, he himself saw that the NARBO TO HELP ACHIEVE participants from abroad quite a lot compared INTERGRATED WATER RESOURCES with the previous event, about almost 200 MANAGEMENT (IWRM) participants from the foreign countries. "They look more enjoy. Knowing that the conference will be held in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, some of Network of Asian River Basin Organization them also came with their kids and wife to visit (NARBO) officially established in February 2004 this city, "he said during a coffee break. rd and was announced at the 3 World Water Forum in March 2003. The total member now is He considered that with the hundreds of guests 15 countries, including Indonesia. The goal is to from abroad that came to Yogyakarta, it is help achieve Integrated Water Resources certainly lifting the existing potential in Yogyakarta which is famous for its historical and Management in river basin throughout Asia. For cultural tourism. The participants who gathered that goal, NARBO carries out some programs in the conference not only exchange like information sharing activities, thematic information about the field of irrigation and workshop, benchmarking, training course, and drainage, but also about their culture and social also twinning program. issues of each country. It can strengthen the relationship for each other country. NARBO’s twinning program promotes the adoption of good practices by other members

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sediment,” he said after the opening ceremony of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID.

Mr. Andre Roux who was the representative of Department of Agriculture came to Indonesia Mr. Soenarno who’s also an activist commented with 11 delegations from his country. He said that it's been a lot of new faces in attendance at that he found that topic interesting because his the ICID conference. "I can not meet some of country also faces the similar problem. This my old friends," he said. But this is positively regarded as one of the ICID progress for its exhibition is a good chance to show what the member regeneration. Looking ahead, Mr. companies had. The information given in this Imam Agus as the Chairman of Organizing event will be so useful for those who have the Committee said that it is expected to be even same challenge and problem in irrigation, more young professionals who will be involved drainage and water resources. in the next programs and activities organized by the ICID. Andre Roux

Mr. Basuki, Mr. Imam Agus TAIWAN ALWAYS ENCOURAGE

THE YOUNG PROFESSIONALS EXHIBITION GAVE A LOT Taiwan delegation seems to always be one of OF USEFUL the largest groups in every ICID conference. "We always send a representative of more than INFORMATIONS 20 people," said one delegate. This year in the 61st and 6th IECM ARC of ICID held in Yogyakarta, Taiwan sent 27 participants from During the exhibitions that held in the ballroom various institutions, such as universities, of Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta, Andre Roux, consultants, irrigation association and also the the delegation from South Africa shared his government. opinion about the most interesting part of the This year Taiwan showed regeneration of exhibition. “I’m interested to the development approximately 20 participants because it was of water resources and the warning system for the first time they follow the international and

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regional conferences. Taiwan also always discussion from 08.30-18.00. There would be encouraged the young professionals to be about 20 paper presentations that would be actively involved in a lot of programs, activities presented in each panel discussion. So, for all of and conferences. participants who want to be involved in the Young Professional Forum,don’t miss this In the 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID in special chance. Come and join the Seminar Yogyakarta, some delegations from Taiwan also because it’s opened for every young participated to present their papers in the professional. working group. One of them is Professor Hsiao- Vina Wen Wang from National Cheng Kung University. THE APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR AN ENVIRONMENTAL FLOW ASSESSMENT AND TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD (TMDL) OF PRACHINBURI– BANGPAKONG RIVER

This research assessed the environmental water demand and Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) of Prachinburi-Bangpakong River, Thailand. This was done by applying the mathematical models in order to study Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), assess the TMDL in the form of pollutants that had BOD, In organizing its participation in the and evaluate Environmental Flows (EF) or international and regional conferences, Taiwan minimum demand of water reservation, proved to be professional. Since a year ago even respectively. they had prepared a book containing a list of all participants at the conference and also selected The studied river was selected distances of 146 papers, including the abstracts. Not only that, km inland freshwater and was divided into five they also made it two versions in Chinese and reaches which based on the Water Quality English, so it can be understood by all of the Monitoring Station of the Pollution Control participants. Department. Research results using the Ivan Chen, Ming-Young Jan, Chang-Chi mathematical models indicated that in studying Cheng the water quality of the river during 1996-2006, the mean of DO was between 4.9 - 6.8 mg/L and YPF-INACID 2010 AT WEST 1 TODAY the mean of BOD was between 1.7 - 2.1 mg/L. In the series of events of 61st IECM and 6th ARC Furthermore, the assessment of the TMDL in of ICID in Yogyakarta, today (15/10) the the form of BOD found that the mean of the committee will also held an International TMDL in real condition was between 33.5 - seminar for Young Professional. The Seminar 109.9 kg/d and the mean of the TMDL in Class 3 will be held in West 1 at the ballroom of condition was between 43.9 - 506.5 kg/d. Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. During the Environmental Flows Assessment found that the seminar, there would be 3 sessions of panel mean of the water flow in real condition was

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between 7.6 - 11.7 m3/s and the mean of the Magelang regency, Central Java. In this water flow in Class 3 condition was between 10 opportunity, the participants who went there - 53.9 m3/s. This identified condition will enable were a group from Canada, including Mr. Ali better water quality and carrying capacity of the Shady. river. Therefore, the water flow in Class 3 condition was limited to EF, which was the For other participants who want to enjoy the minimum demand of water reservation in this beauty of Yogyakarta and its surroundings, river. (Author: Apaporn Bulsathaporn, Borobudur or Prambanan Temple is an Kampanad Bhaktikul, Chumlong Arunlertaree, attractive destination, because it can be a Watchara Sueadee and Arthon Suttigarn) historical tour as well as cultural tour. But for those who want to shop and see the central city of Yogyakarta, Malioboro is the right MANCID TO PROMOTE TOURISM destination. There you can find many items of MALAYSIA Jogja’s souvenirs, and also feel the atmosphere of the real Jogja. th On the 4 day of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID, there was an exhibition in the ballroom of Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta. Malaysia, LET THE MUSIC SPEAKS ABOUT represented by the Malaysian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage WATER (MANCID) did not want to miss this opportunity to promote their country. Of course they didn’t If we used to get the information about water open a stand (booth) like other companies that management from papers or books, there is an followed the exhibition. They used a simple way unusual way to present the information about by distributing souvenirs that can be taken for water management. Ki Siswoko Sastrodiharjo free by the participants at the ICID book stand from Indonesia made a special album of in the ballroom of Sheraton Mustika Javanese traditional songs that speak about Yogyakarta. water management. The album also supported Ega, who was in charge in the booth said that the souvenir distributed by Mancid became an by Jasa Tirta I. And in this album, you can listen interesting thing to a lot of participants. There to his 4 songs : “hanggulowentah Tirto”, was a lot of people who wanted to get the “Mangayubagyo PU”, “Bebenduning Alam”, souvenirs. Some of the souvenirs are mini- “Perum Jasa Tirta I”. Beside you can get a lot of notes, pin, and postcard from Tourism Malaysia. information, you can also entertained with the

Ega exotic songs, and of course can be one of your

best album collection.

PARTICIPANTS FROM CANADA VISITED BOROBUDUR TEMPLE Production Team: Adolf Tommy Sitompul For many participants from abroad, coming to Emir Faridz Yogyakarta will be more memorable if they visit John P Pantouw the famous landmarks there. Borobudur Temple D Fathoni A is one of favorite destinations for participants Maria Christine Sadipun who want to travel. Thursday (14/10), two cars went to Borobudur Temple which is located in

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No. 06 / 16 October 2010

SPECIAL REPORT of Food is now and future major challenge for WORLD FOOD DAY Indonesia because of natural resources, especially land and water for agriculture, became so limited. Population continued to “Survival in the Rice Granary” grow, poverty was still unresolved, and we’re now dealing with climate change as well. Ministry of Agriculture has released drought- resistant rice varieties and resistant varieties puddle. However, the weather forecast is still a barrier for food farming requires weather information in the next four months. The role of extension becomes important, not just quantity, but quality and dedication.

Kompas, October 15, 2010

Not far from the city of Cimahi, , Kampung Cirendeu community since 1924, only JOGJA JAVA CARNIVAL 2010, BE ate rice flour made from cassava as a main THERE source of carbohydrates. It wasn’t because they can’t afford to buy rice, but cassava was chosen Jogja Java Carnival is a night carnival which is a to preserve their self-esteem and balance with package that does not exist or has never been held in Indonesia, except in the city of nature. Cirendeu community now feels proud Yogyakarta. The presence of technology, the because their living to nearly 100 years. They composition of shapes, colors and variety of never lack of food because of cassava grown on light pouring into the main thing in creating the slopes of the hills surrounding their village. excitement and fun night. Diversity of all forms "We do not rely on rice," said Asep, one of the will gathered in one place at the same time. The residents of traditional village Cirendeu. artists and the audiences of carnival performers from all over the region of Yogyakarta, Towards the World Food Day, 16 October, with Indonesia, and even overseas will be united in a the theme of Food and Agriculture Organization harmony. The theme "Harmonight" in Jogja Java Carnival of the United Nations "United Against Hunger" 2010 will be divided into 3 sub themes, which and the national theme "Independence Food to consist of Human Harmony (In harmony with Fight Hunger, Cirendeu community gained the Fellow), Universe Harmony (In harmony relevance. with Nature) and the Heaven Harmony (In harmony with the Creator).

Carnival art installations by the vehicles will be Ngawi district, East Java Province who has run along Malioboro street - Ahmad Yani street developed this method in recent years. and will finish in the North Square of Yogyakarta Recently, Mrs. Miyati with Bill Clinton Kingdom (Keraton). It was prepared as an Foundation, Cornell University and World Bank, international event held at night. Jogja Java expanding the SRI project into the Solomons. Carnival will be held on October 16, 2010, start During the 2 weeks of being there, they shared from 19:00 pm. a lot of informations to residents in one province on rice cultivation using SRI methods. Senior Participants Also Involved in Apparently people in the Solomons were very enthusiastic, and even "addicted" to the rice YPF-INACID Seminar 2010 that actually was not their staple food. "That's why, after this I will go back to the Solomons In the series of Young Professional Forum (YPF) and develop this program in four provinces seminar, which was held at the West 1 on there," said Mrs.Miyati which also planed to go Friday (15/10) turned out to attract a lot of to the islands of Fiji and New Zealand for the participants. But from all of the participants same mission. who gathered in the room, we can still see the faces of seniors who also participated. Around 15 senior participants involved in the YPF- INACID seminar. This can be interpreted as a support for the young people who presented their real role in the studies, researches and programs that they do. Not only that, all participants of senior and young professional still listen to presentations given by speakers during the seminar. Some papers presented at the seminar were "Water and economic development: Correlation Between Investment in the Water sectors and Economic Growth of Developing Country" and

"The design of Irrigation Drainage System Due to the Influence of Global Climate Change". In Indonesia, SRI research center located in West Java, named NOSC (Nusantara Organic SRI Center). The products of SRI Rice grown in Tasikmalaya even been exported to Malaysia, U.S. and Singapore. SRI is a system of organic rice cultivation of high productivity, saving water, fertilizer-efficient, environmentally friendly, and certainly healthy to eat.

PAKISTAN FLOOD, THE BIGGEST

TRAGEDY SRI GOES TO SOLOMON Floods in Pakistan that occurred in July 2010 SRI (System of Rice Intensification) has now were one of the biggest disasters that ever been developed in Indonesia. One of them who happened in Pakistan and also in the world. One developed it is Mrs. Miyati, a farmer from of the Pakistani delegations, Mr. Husnan Ahmad had his opportunity to give presentations on

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West 1. He shared his experiences from his for irrigation reservoirs and canals, agricultural country. He played a video documentary that pits and ponds, or even waste water reservoirs. described the condition of Pakistan when the Mr. Edy said that the US product is now going to disaster occurred. Indonesian Market as the solution of irrigation, The houses were destroyed, the victims were washed away the water. Children in refugee drainage and agricultural problems. camps do not get proper facilitation. "The real So far, this product had been applied in a lot of condition is much worse than this. But I can not show the picture, because it was so creepy and countries in Europe and US. He also added that horrible, "Mr. Husnan said while editing the if it can be applied in Indonesia, it can be video. He felt the need to share this experience cheaper for both agricultural and industrial with participants from other countries because needs. “I also hoped that it can give prosperity this is a very important issue. Floods can to farmers in Indonesia,” he said in Firestone happen anytime and anywhere in the country. booth. He wished for the better future of This meeting and working group was so useful Indonesian agriculture by preserving the water, to share the experiences and exchange ideas for a better future. because for him, water is the source of life.

AN INISIATIVE OF WATER SHARE YOUR INFORMATION TO THE HARVESTING MAILBOX

Learning from experiences that occurred in Australia, an idea came on the Exhibiton of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID. Mr. Edy Mahadi and Mr. Tommy Sitompul discussed the idea of 'water harvesting'. In Australia, water harvesting system run by rainwater harvesting. The rainwater was then processed to a variety of needs, both needs for irrigation and daily necessities. They daydreamed if only Indonesia can implement this sort of thing. Especially to face the climate change issue that now had been a big challenge for Indonesia as well as other countries too. If there were initiatives to make water harvesting, water resources can certainly Do you see two racks in the ballroom of be used efficiently for various other needs. Sheraton Mustika Yogyakarta? You will find a row of mailboxes with the names of the countries. That's the mailbox you can use to WATER, THE SOURCE OF LIFE leave any information from your country or your institution. This will be very useful to Firestone came to the exhibitions of 61st IECM exchange information with participants and 6th ARC of ICID to promote their best from other countries. You can leave geomembrane product which becomes a brochures, business cards, booklets and solution for agricultural application needs. other forms of information to make it easier Geomembrane is a rubber liner offering a to be taken by anyone who needs it. flexible and durable material which can be used

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UGM PROUDLY TO BE THE ONLY Adelaide itself is a driest State in the driest UNIVERSITY IN THE EXHIBITION content. On the special occasion of dinner in Suko Wine Lounge Sheraton Mustika Among many companies and institutions Yogyakarta, Irrigation Australia represented by involved in the Exhibiton of 61st IECM and 6th Mr. Chris said that irrigation sector is critical to ARC of ICID, University of Gadjah Mada (UGM) both water security and food suply. Australia as the largest state university in Yogyakarta and Indonesia have a lot to gain by working participated to exhibit System of Rice together in this sector. Intensification projects undertaken by students of the Faculty of Agriculture. Faculty of Agriculture Gadjah Mada University has been conducting research as well as counseling for farmers in rural areas Sidorejo, Godean, Yogyakarta. They also facilitated the farmers in the village with agricultural facilities for the project can be done well. In the beginning of 2010, UGM also held a SRI competition at the provincial level in Yogyakarta. The participants were farmers in the region of Yogyakarta, from the districts of Bantul, Sleman, Kulonprogo, and Gunung Kidul. The 2012 conference will be held at the The winner of the competition was the farmers Adelaide Convention Center from 24-29 June from Kulon Progo Regency yields 11 tons per ha. 2012 and will be the single largest irrigation This achievement was very good and hopefully event ever staged in Australia as it will be in the future can be developed in more villages combine with the ICID 63rd IECM and 7th Asian in Yogyakarta. Therefore, the team from the Regional Conference. The conference will focus Faculty of Agriculture UGM will continue to do on several important things, such as the latest counseling as well as direct practice with the development in urban and rural recycling, farmers in the region of Yogyakarta. treated waste water for parklands and

horticulture, environmental and water policy, ADELAIDE 2012 TO BE THE SINGLE flood control and droughts and extensive LARGEST CONFERENCE program of technical tour. This event would also come with major exhibitions of more than 200 Why Irrigation Australia is so heavily promoting booths. (Chris Bennet)

Adelaide as host ICID conference in 2012? In one occasion during the exhibition of 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID, Mr. Chris Bennett, CEO of SPECIAL DINNER BY IRNCID, Irrigation Australian explained that for this 10 TOWARD TEHRAN 2011 decades, Australia faced the biggest issue : There was a dinner host by IRNCID at the Grand drought. This made Australia as one of the Quality Hotel Yogyakarta on Thursday (14/10). driest continent in the world because they The dinner started at 19.00 p.m and attended experienced a long drought during that time.

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by a lot of delegations from various countries. In paper. The essential constituents of the that occasion, IRNCID promote the next event drainage flow local recycling structures are units of ICID that would be held in Tehran on 2011. on drainage flow desalting and purification. It They presented slideshow and video enables to use treated drainage flow for presentation which told about their country as irrigation in some periods of crop cultivation as the host of 62nd IEC Meeting of ICID. After that, well as for other purposes. (Ludmila there were about 20 participants who were the Kireycheva, Irina Glazunova)

alumnus of Delf - Netherland, continued to have a reunion. It was held in the “Pecel Solo” restaurant until midnight. COOKING SESSION IS WAITING FOR

THE LADIES

DRAINAGE FLOW An interesting idea to do a cooking session as a HARVESTING AND ITS ON- form of the lady's program came from several FARM RE-USING IN LOCAL female participants as well as the wives who IRRIGATED PLOTS accompany their husbands in the 61st IECM and 6th ARC of ICID. This activity was planned as an Social and political reforms (“perestroika”) exciting way to learn to cook traditional dishes taken place in Russia in the 90s of the last of Yogyakarta and Java. century activated agrarian sector revisions. This became interesting because the Besides large-scale agricultural enterprises participants will be invited to directly go into many small farms with different types of landed the traditional markets, feel the process of property were established in Russia. Nowadays bargaining the price with the seller to get the small farms represent about 90% of all materials to be cooked. The event was actually agricultural enterprises. going to be a memorable experience as well as Large-scale irrigation projects having been built during in Yogyakarta. It is planned that after to water large fields are operated in the visiting a traditional market, participants will be conditions of combined state and private invited to the Kali Opak Resto located in landed property within the same irrigation Prambanan, Yogyakarta. In this place, other scheme. Integrated approach in irrigation than to learn to cook directly with the chef from management for such irrigation units supposes the restaurant, participants also will be invited to enjoy a rural atmosphere in the one part of high effectiveness of water use. Such an approach providing high water Yogyakarta which is still thick with the productivity and big crops for arid areas is on- traditional way of life. This event will be held farm drainage flow recycling within the with a minimum of 3-5 existing participants who separate farm on the base of the common register to the secretariat. water-use for irrigation purposes. Type of drainage, filters, drain spacing and drain depth depend on requirements and special features of Mr. Soeyono : “I felt like I were drainage flow-recycling structures. the youngest participant” An approach on drainage flow local recycling structures design providing drainage flow One of the senior participants who involved to the YPF seminar was Mr. Soeyono. “I felt like I harvesting and conditioning is proposed in the

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were the youngest participant,” he said at the models FAO-33, DAISY, and APSIM were used to coffee break. He also commented that the calculate the risk in yield reduction in view of papers presented in the seminar were so good. different sources of uncertainty, such as He just added that for next, maybe the author climate, while a stochastic framework for should make more complete conclusion about the research. decision support for the planning of water supply in irrigation was employed. The stochastic framework consists of: (i) a weather generator for simulating regional impacts of climate change; (ii) a new tailor-made evolutionary optimization algorithm for optimal irrigation scheduling with limited water supply; and (iii) the above mentioned models for simulating water transport and crop growth in a sound manner. The results present stochastic crop water production functions (SCWPF) for But so far, compared with his era, he thought different crops which can be used as basic tool that they were good enough. Mr. Yono said to to assess the impact of climate variability on the the young professionals to keep up the good risk for the potential yield. Case studies from work, get involved to seminars and conferences, and also learn more about the condition in the India, Oman, Malawi, and France are provided field, not only working with their computers. to evaluate the differences in modeling water Sometime what happened in the field is so stress and yield response for the different crop much different with the theory they learned. models. (Sebastian Kloss, Niels Schütze, Sabine Walser)

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT DINNER AT GRAND QUALITY HOTEL CROP MODELS FOR ESTIMATING Hosted by China’s Delegates THE POTENTIALS TO INCREASE THE WATER USE EFFICIENCY UNDER CLIMATE VARIABILITY

The interest in techniques to improve water use efficiency (WUE) such as controlled deficit irrigation is rising due to the emergence of strong competition for fresh water in order to comply with the increased demand for food worldwide. Additionally, the use of crop models in conjunction with complex decision support systems becomes more and more widespread Production Team: making it essential to reliably predict WUE as Adolf Tommy Sitompul ratio of water consumption and yield. The Emir Faridz John P Pantouw objective of this paper is the assessment of the D Fathoni A problems that occur when certain crop models Maria Christine Sadipun are applied to maximize the WUE. The crop

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