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Introduction to Steam Generating Unit (Boiler)
Introduction to Steam Generating Unit (Boiler) A boiler is a closed vessel in which steam is produced from water by combustion of fuel. How a Boiler works:: Water is pumped into the boiler at operating pressure Heat of flue gases vaporizes water to form steam Steam formed is passed into steam space above the water space Applications of steam generatorss (Boilerss)) The steam generators or boilers are integral components of steam turbines which are used as prime movers to drive generators to produce electricity in all thermal and nuclear power plants. These are used in the industry for example in heating systems or for cement production, textiles. These are used to produce distilled water for medicines, pharmaceuticals and other usage. The boilers are used in cold countries for heating large buildings, in agriculture as well for soil steaming. Components of a steam generator (Boiler) Boiler drum, tubes, furnace Boiler mountings Boiler Accessories Boiler mountings are devices which are required for proper operation, safety and control of the boiler. Examples ar ee water level indicator (WLI), pressure gauges (PGs), steam stop valve, safety valves, fusible plug, feed-check valve, blow-off cock, manhole and mudhole, etc. Boiler accessories are devices which are used to increase the efficiency of a boiler. Examples are air preheater, economizer , ss, uperheater , feedpump or injector, baffles, etc.. Boiler classification: 1.1. Tube content: (i) Fire tube boiler and (ii) water tube boiler 2.2. Axis of shell: (i) Horizontal, (ii) vertical, (iii) inclined 3.3. Location of furnace: (i) Externally fired, (ii) internally fired 4.4. -
QUIZ: Boiler System Components
9707 Key West Avenue, Suite 100 Rockville, MD 20850 Phone: 301-740-1421 Fax: 301-990-9771 E-Mail: [email protected] Part of the recertification process is to obtain Continuing Education Units (CEUs). One way to do that is to review a technical article and complete a short quiz. Scoring an 80% or better will grant you 0.5 CEUs. You need 25 CEUs over a 5-year period to be recertified. The quiz and article are posted below. Completed tests can be faxed (301-990-9771) or mailed (9707 Key West Avenue, Suite 100, Rockville, MD 20850) to AWT. Quizzes will be scored within 2 weeks of their receipt and you will be notified of the results. Name: ______________________________________________ Company: ___________________________________________ Address: ____________________________________________ City: ______________________ State: _____ Zip: ________ Phone: ______________________ Fax: __________________ E-mail: _____________________________________________ Boiler Systems – Boiler Components By Irvin J. Cotton, Arthur Freedman Associates, Inc. and Orin Hollander, Holland Technologies, Inc. This is part two of a three-part series on boilers. In part one, the authors discussed boiler design and classification. Part two will discuss boiler components, and part three will describe the various chemistries used in boiler water treatment. Boiler Components The main components in a boiler system are the boiler feedwater heaters, deaerator, boiler, feed pump, economizer, boiler, superheater, attemperator, steam system, condenser and the condensate pump. In addition there are sets of controls to monitor water and steam flow, fuel flow, airflow and chemical treatment additions. Water sample points may exist at a number of places. Most typically the condensate, deaerator outlet, feedwater (often the economizer inlet), boiler, saturated steam and superheated steam will have sample points. -
Steamboating Guide Edition 2 2010
Steamboating SampleGuide Pages Second Edition Steamboating Guide Edition 2 2010 Edited by Roger Calvert and Rob van Es The contributors and editors of this publication have made every effort to ensure the accuracy and relevance of the data presented and the validity and appropriateness of the recommendations made. It is, however, ultimately the responsibility of the owner of a boat to check the data and take the final decisions, in the context of the proposed design. If necessary, appropriate professional advice should be sought. Neither the contributors, the editors, nor the SBA can accept responsibility for any direct or indirect consequences arising from the use of the data or from following the recommendationsSample of this publication. Pages Copying of parts or the whole of this document by members of the SBA is permitted, subject to the terms published on the SBA web site. Otherwise, copying is not permitted without the permission of the SBA, except as allowed under copyright law. Table of Contents Preface Section A – Introduction 1 Hulls 1-1 2 Boiler Types 2-1 3 Engine Types 3-1 4 Fuels 4-1 Section B – Steamboat Operations 5 Boiler Fittings 5-1 6 Steam Plant Installation 6-1 7 Boiler Operation and Maintenance 7-1 8 Steam Ancillaries 8-1 9 Boat Handling Advice 9-1 10 Boiler Inspection and Testing 10-1 11 Trailers and Towing 11-1 Section C – Technical 12 Propulsion 12-1 13 Valve Setting 13-1 14 Data and Performance 14-1 15 Boiler Design Considerations 15-1 16 Workshop Techniques 16-1 Glossary 17-1 Index 18-1 Sample Pages Preface The aims and objects of the Steam Boat Association are: (i) To foster and encourage steam boating and the building, development, preservation and restoration of steam boats and steam machinery, by all possible means. -
Lima 2-8-0 “Consolidation”, Developed for TS2013, by Smokebox
Union Pacific 4000 Class 4884-1 "Big Boy" circa 1948-49 Developed by Smokebox TM for Dovetail Games' Train Simulator © Smokebox 2021, all rights reserved Issue 1 Union Pacific 4000 Class 4884-1 "Big Boy" Steam Locomotive Page 2 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 32- and 64-bit TS ................................................................................................................................................ 7 Expert or Simple Controls mode, HUD and Automatic Fireman ....................................................................... 7 "All-in-one" .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Standard TS Automatic Fireman .................................................................................................................... 8 F4 HUD ........................................................................................................................................................... 8 High Detail (HD) and Standard Detail (SD) ........................................................................................................ 8 Recommended Settings ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Cab Layout ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Steam Locomotive Firebox Explosion on the Gettysburg Railroad Near Gardners, Pennsylvania
Steam Locomotive Firebox Explosion on the Gettysburg Railroad near Gardners, Pennsylvania Leadership ViTS Meeting 6 September 2005 Bryan O’Connor, Chief Office of Safety and Mission Assurance Accident Timeline Place: Gettysburg Railroad near Gardners, PA Accident Date: June 16, 1995 Gettysburg 1278 @ Gettysburg Oct 1988 The Accident: • Steam locomotive 1278 with six passenger cars had completed two excursions and was preparing for a third and final excursion for the day. • During slow climb up moderate grade, the boiler exploded, seriously burning the engineer and two firemen. • . (2) Events Associated with Proximate Cause • Operators began climb with too little water in boiler • Water-level continued to drop and by the time the locomotive had crested the grade the crownsheet of boiler was not covered by water and failed due to thermal overstress. • Failure of crownsheet opened boiler to the firebox (atmosphere) and the water in boiler flashed into high pressure steam. • Steam exploded through firebox door into the locomotive cab, seriously burning the engineer (third degree burns over 65% of body) and two firemen. (3) Events Associated with Proximate Cause Approx. 175 psi This figure is exaggerated to show low water conditions, in locomotive 1278 the lowest gage cock was 3.25 inches above the highest point of the crownsheet and the water glass was 3.125 inches above the highest point of the crownsheet (4) Contributing Factors • Prior to operation the feed pump gauge had been removed. • Preparing to ascend grade first fireman shut off the feed pump to the boiler because a leaking check valve between the feed-pump and the boiler could potentially cause slippage on driving wheels. -
Module BESTT MS1
Module BESTT MS1 Marine Steam Boiler Types, Construction and Maintenance. Aim This unit introduces learners to the wide variety of fuels which may be encountered in steam launches and small steam ships operating on inland waterways or sheltered coastal waters. The range of types of boilers is explained. In each case, the benefits of each fuel type or boiler type are explored. The reasons for caution when conducting external work on old boilers are explained. INTRODUCTION Boiler types considered Horizontal Fire Tube boilers (including locomotive type) Vertical Fire Tube boilers Horizontal Drum Water Tube boilers Vertical Drum Water Tube boilers Single coil (or Flash) boilers Construction, design and general arrangements Heat transfer Cleaning Considerations for boiler choice and design Options for materials and insulations Boiler cladding materials The sheer variety of boiler types used in marine applications is wider than anything we will encounter for railway locomotives or in road steam applications. Although fire tube boilers from earliest days have been the norm for railway locomotives, water tube boilers could also very occasionally be found in locomotives. The well-known Sentinel shunters had water tube boilers a little bigger but otherwise similar to the company’s steam wagon boilers, and Sir Nigel Gresley on the LNER experimented with a ‘Yarrow’ type boiler but dropped the idea and fitted Britain’s only 4-6-4 express engine with a traditional loco boiler. For shipping, various forms of the classic marine multi-furnace fire tube ‘Scotch’ boiler was a norm to the last, and vertical fire tube types were a standard for small steam launches, but alongside these a huge range of highly efficient water tube types was under constant development resulting in many different configurations. -
Young People's Engagement
Young People’s Engagement “Our lives during a pandemic” Outreach Key Messages July-August 2020 Covid-19 ‘National Lockdown’ Measures were put in place in March 2020. Contents Children, young people and their families Where did we visit and what 1 were asked to ‘Stay home, save lives and protect our NHS’. did we do? Therefore, from April to July 2020 Our Voice engaged with young people online. What did young people share? -Covid 19 As soon as restrictions were relaxed and 2 -Our Learning and Futures we were able to find young people in 3 parks and open spaces, we did. -The importance of recreation 4 and play We asked about their experiences of navigating a global pandemic, the changes that have resulted and what’s What Next? 5 important to them. Here is a summary of what they told us… Where did we visit and what did we do? The main purpose of the outreach sessions was to promote the Our Voice We have also met virtually with the LGBTQ+ Youth Programme and encourage young people from across Kirklees to join in! We Group at the Brunswick Centre, the Children in know there will be exciting experiences and opportunities available, for Care Council and Care Leavers Council. them to make a difference in the coming months. We have spoken to 238 children and young people* this Summer, their ages Spen Valley In North Kirklees, we visited: Cleckheaton have varied from 8-23. Alongside promoting our current projects, we have Batley Birstall also asked young people how they have managed ‘lockdown’ and what they Heckmondwike feel about the coming months… -
Visitor Attraction Trends England 2003 Presents the Findings of the Survey of Visits to Visitor Attractions Undertaken in England by Visitbritain
Visitor Attraction Trends England 2003 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VisitBritain would like to thank all representatives and operators in the attraction sector who provided information for the national survey on which this report is based. No part of this publication may be reproduced for commercial purp oses without previous written consent of VisitBritain. Extracts may be quoted if the source is acknowledged. Statistics in this report are given in good faith on the basis of information provided by proprietors of attractions. VisitBritain regrets it can not guarantee the accuracy of the information contained in this report nor accept responsibility for error or misrepresentation. Published by VisitBritain (incorporated under the 1969 Development of Tourism Act as the British Tourist Authority) © 2004 Bri tish Tourist Authority (trading as VisitBritain) Cover images © www.britainonview.com From left to right: Alnwick Castle, Legoland Windsor, Kent and East Sussex Railway, Royal Academy of Arts, Penshurst Place VisitBritain is grateful to English Heritage and the MLA for their financial support for the 2003 survey. ISBN 0 7095 8022 3 September 2004 VISITOR ATTR ACTION TRENDS ENGLAND 2003 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS A KEY FINDINGS 4 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 12 1.1 Research objectives 12 1.2 Survey method 13 1.3 Population, sample and response rate 13 1.4 Guide to the tables 15 2 ENGLAND VISIT TRENDS 2002 -2003 17 2.1 England visit trends 2002 -2003 by attraction category 17 2.2 England visit trends 2002 -2003 by admission type 18 2.3 England visit trends -
The Evolution of the Steam Locomotive, 1803 to 1898 (1899)
> g s J> ° "^ Q as : F7 lA-dh-**^) THE EVOLUTION OF THE STEAM LOCOMOTIVE (1803 to 1898.) BY Q. A. SEKON, Editor of the "Railway Magazine" and "Hallway Year Book, Author of "A History of the Great Western Railway," *•., 4*. SECOND EDITION (Enlarged). £on&on THE RAILWAY PUBLISHING CO., Ltd., 79 and 80, Temple Chambers, Temple Avenue, E.C. 1899. T3 in PKEFACE TO SECOND EDITION. When, ten days ago, the first copy of the " Evolution of the Steam Locomotive" was ready for sale, I did not expect to be called upon to write a preface for a new edition before 240 hours had expired. The author cannot but be gratified to know that the whole of the extremely large first edition was exhausted practically upon publication, and since many would-be readers are still unsupplied, the demand for another edition is pressing. Under these circumstances but slight modifications have been made in the original text, although additional particulars and illustrations have been inserted in the new edition. The new matter relates to the locomotives of the North Staffordshire, London., Tilbury, and Southend, Great Western, and London and North Western Railways. I sincerely thank the many correspondents who, in the few days that have elapsed since the publication: of the "Evolution of the , Steam Locomotive," have so readily assured me of - their hearty appreciation of the book. rj .;! G. A. SEKON. -! January, 1899. PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION. In connection with the marvellous growth of our railway system there is nothing of so paramount importance and interest as the evolution of the locomotive steam engine. -
Rail Accident Report
Rail Accident Report Derailment of a passenger train near Cummersdale, Cumbria 1 June 2009 Report 06/2010 March 2010 This investigation was carried out in accordance with: l the Railway Safety Directive 2004/49/EC; l the Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003; and l the Railways (Accident Investigation and Reporting) Regulations 2005. © Crown copyright 2010 You may re-use this document/publication (not including departmental or agency logos) free of charge in any format or medium. You must re-use it accurately and not in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and you must give the title of the source publication. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This document/publication is also available at www.raib.gov.uk. Any enquiries about this publication should be sent to: RAIB Email: [email protected] The Wharf Telephone: 01332 253300 Stores Road Fax: 01332 253301 Derby UK Website: www.raib.gov.uk DE21 4BA This report is published by the Rail Accident Investigation Branch, Department for Transport. * Cover photo courtesy of Network Rail Derailment of a passenger train near Cummersdale, Cumbria, 1 June 2009 Contents Preface 5 Key Definitions 5 The Accident 6 Summary of the accident 6 The parties involved 7 Location 8 External circumstances 8 The trains involved 10 Events preceding the accident 10 Events during the accident 10 Consequences of the accident 11 Events following the accident 11 The Investigation -
The Unauthorised History of ASTER LOCOMOTIVES THAT CHANGED the LIVE STEAM SCENE
The Unauthorised History of ASTER LOCOMOTIVES THAT CHANGED THE LIVE STEAM SCENE fredlub |SNCF231E | 8 februari 2021 1 Content 1 Content ................................................................................................................................ 2 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 3 1975 - 1985 .......................................................................................................................... 6 Southern Railway Schools Class .................................................................................................................... 6 JNR 8550 .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 V&T RR Reno ................................................................................................................................................. 8 Old Faithful ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Shay Class B ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 JNR C12 ......................................................................................................................................................... 10 PLM 231A ..................................................................................................................................................... -
88 Series 2 Boiler Manual
88 Water & steam boilers – Series 2 for use with Gas, Light Oil, & Gas/Light Oil – Fired Burners Boiler Manual • Installation • Maintenance • Startup • Parts For additional information, refer to . Burner specifi cation and data sheets for burners pre-tested with model 88 boilers This manual must only be used by a qualifi ed INSTALLER Consider piping and installation when determining heating installer/service technician. Read all boiler location. instructions before installing. Follow all in- Any claims for damage or shortage in shipment must be structions in proper order. Failure to comply fi led immediately against the transportation company could result in severe personal injury, death by the consignee. or substantial property damage. USER . This manual is for use only by your qualifi ed heating When calling or writing about the boiler— installer/service technician. Boiler and burner must be Please have the boiler model number from the installed by a qualifi ed service technician. We recom- boiler rating label and the CP number from mend regular service by a qualifi ed service technician, the boiler jacket. at least annually. Part No. 550-100-068/1018 Weil-McLain 88 Water and steam boilers — Series 2 — for Gas, Light Oil, & Gas/Light Oil-Fired Burners Read before proceeding Hazard Definitions The following defined terms are used throughout this manual to bring attention to the presence of hazards of various risk levels, or to important information concern- ing the life of the product. Indicates presence of hazards that will cause severe personal injury, death or substantial property damage if ignored. Indicates presence of hazards that can cause severe personal injury, death or substantial property damage if ignored.