Maneuvers for Service Under MSC Charter New AMO Jobs with AMSEA on Second BBC Cargo Ship

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Maneuvers for Service Under MSC Charter New AMO Jobs with AMSEA on Second BBC Cargo Ship Volume 42, Number 5 May 2012 BBC Seattle re-flagged Swift maneuvers for service under MSC charter New AMO jobs with AMSEA on second BBC cargo ship The U.S.-flagged high-speed vessel (HSV 2) Swift and the French warship Adroit recently performed steaming exercises together. The Swift is operated for the U.S. Navy’s Military Sealift Command by Sealift Inc. and is manned in all licensed positions by American Maritime Officers. AMO aboard Q-max LNG carrier Aamira American Maritime Officers mem- bers working aboard the LNG car- Photo: Captain Bud Conroy rier Aamira in April, here during a transit of the Suez Canal headed The U.S. flag was raised aboard the for Milford Haven, Wales, included newly renamed multipurpose cargo Third Assistant Engineer Matthew ship BBC Seattle on April 28. The ship’s Arnold and First Assistant re-flag team consisted of First Assistant Engineer Tom McCarthy. AMO offi- Engineer Kevin Hogle, Port Engineer cers sail in senior and junior posi- Matt Burnett, Chief Engineer Matt tions aboard LNG carriers in the Campbell, and Chief Mate Peter Kirk. Nakilat fleet operated for Qatargas The BBC Seattle will be fully crewed in by Shell Ship Management early May and will enter service under Limited. The Aamira, among the charter to the U.S. Navy’s Military world’s largest and most advanced Sealift Command later in the month. Q-max LNG carriers — with a General Dynamics American Overseas capacity of 266,000 cubic meters, Marine is providing crew management was delivered to Nakilat and services for the BBC Seattle and BBC Qatargas in May of 2010. Houston. American Maritime Officers represents all licensed officers working Photo submitted by Matthew Arnold aboard both ships and the SIU repre- sents the unlicensed crew members. How to accommodate Jones U.S.-flag requirement for AMO Essentials Act critics in key markets Ex-Im Bank cargoes has STAR Center course Page 2: Critics of the Jones Act are probably served our nation well ◆ schedule: Pages 8-9 encouraged by the Energy Information Administration’s apparent aversion to accuracy Page 3: In separate letters responding to a recent STAR Center registration regarding the capabilities of the domestic fleet. In editorial in the Washington Post, American Maritime ◆ application: Page 11 its report on the likely consequences of a Northeast Officers National President Tom Bethel and AMO refinery coming off line, the EIA undercounted the Legislative Director Paul Doell corrected the record domestic tank vessel fleet by a whopping 50 per- on the importance of reauthorization of the U.S. ◆ AMO directory: Page 10 cent by including only self-propelled ships in its Export-Import Bank and the maintenance of the fleet total. Despite acknowledging the error, the U.S.-flag requirement for transportation of Ex-Im ◆ AMO membership meeting agency has refused to amend its report. Bank financed cargoes. schedule: Page 12 Copyright © 2012 American Maritime Officers ■ 601 S. Federal Highway ■ Dania Beach, FL 33004 ■ (800) 362-0513 ■ [email protected] 2 • American Maritime Officer May 2012 How to fuel Jones Act Remembering the life and critics in key markets work of Gordon Spencer By Tom Bethel The problem at this point is that this National President could happen again this year. Many analysts expect another drawdown from the oil If I were a stockpile during the summer driving peak in businessman or a an attempt to defuse increasing gasoline lawmaker hoping prices as a Presidential campaign issue — to crack the Jones despite the minimal impact a new SPR Act in the oil and drawdown would have on the market and petroleum product the price at the fuel pump. The SPR repre- trades, I’d be sents a relatively small amount of crude, and encouraged by a this oil must be refined and delivered before federal agency’s it can be sold as fuel — it would take a long, apparent aversion long time for gasoline and other petroleum to accuracy with products made from SPR crude to reach respect to the American consumers. domestic tank ves- If a new SPR drawdown gets the go- sel fleet’s capabilities. ahead, public and private interests promot- The agency in question is the Energy ing a new round of waivers would most like- Current and former members of Congress, family members and maritime Information Administration, which appears ly contend again that are too few Jones Act labor leaders gathered at the Capitol Hill Club April 24 for a memorial hon- willing to accommodate Jones Act critics on vessels to move the crude — just ask the oring the life and work of the late Gordon Spencer, who held union book this front. As we report elsewhere in this Energy Information Administration. #S-2. Spencer was among those recruited by the late, legendary Seafarers issue, the EIA refuses to own up to its mis- After last year’s Jones Act waivers, International Union of North America President Paul Hall to build the taken conclusion last February that there Congress approved what American Brotherhood of Marine Engineers in New York City as an affiliate of the may not be enough Jones Act tank vessels to Maritime Partnership called “new require- SIUNA. The BME evolved into the union known today as AMO. Among those deliver gasoline and other fuels from the ments … intended to increase the use of speaking at the memorial was Congressman John “Jimmy” Duncan (R-TN). Gulf Coast to the Northeast if a U.S.-flag vessels in future Strategic Pennsylvania refinery closes later this year Petroleum Reserve drawdowns.” — a real possibility at this writing. In response, the administration told In its report on the likely conse- AMP that no decision had been made on quences of this refinery coming off line, the whether to open the SPR again. The EIA undercounted the domestic tank vessel administration also said the White House fleet by a whopping 50 percent by including — pledged to “faithful implementation” only self-propelled ships in its fleet total. of the Jones Act — would “continue to The agency overlooked or ignored a sizable operate consistent with the Jones Act” and number of tank barges capable of meeting comply with the new Congressional man- Northeast energy needs if necessary. dates if more oil is released from the SPR The American Maritime Partnership this year. — a coalition of Jones Act vessel operators, The phrase “continue to operate con- dredging companies and shipyards — point- sistent with the Jones Act” implies that the American Maritime Officers National President Tom Bethel greets Casey ed this out to the EIA, and the agency law had been followed with respect to the Jones, husband of Megan Spencer, Congressman Walter Jones (R-NC), acknowledged its error. But the EIA ulti- SPR shipments a summer ago, but it didn’t and Glen Downs, chief of staff for Rep. Jones, at the memorial held for the mately held fast to its flawed initial finding go that way. The “faithful implementation” late Gordon Spencer in the Capitol Hill Club April 24. and refused to amend its report in the inter- of the Jones Act would not have left quali- est of a fair, accurate and complete public fied Jones Act vessels at coastal docks while record. the SPR cargoes moved freely between U.S. As a result, it is not inconceivable that ports under foreign flags — one inventive advocates of Jones Act rollback or repeal way around the Jones Act could lead easily will capitalize quickly on the Energy to another. Information Administration’s obstinate, dan- Seagoing AMO members should see gerous position. They can zero in with a these developments as credible threats that vengeance on the Jones Act as it applies to could escalate and, in time, put every energy shipments by arguing a Jones Act domestic coastal, Great Lakes and inland deficiency that doesn’t exist. If these advo- waters AMO job at real risk. In the deep-sea cates are called out on their claims, they can sector, every lost Jones Act billet would simply cite the EIA’s slipshod statistics. mean three lost jobs for our union, and every This stunning development followed lost Jones Act billet in every trade would the far-from-settled flap over the Jones Act mean lost employer contributions to the and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. AMO benefit funds that serve all AMO Last summer, the administration members and their families. waived the Jones Act at least 48 times to With so much at stake, I ask again that allow foreign-flagged tankers to carry crude everyone in our union join me in support of oil drawn down from the Strategic the American Maritime Officers Voluntary Petroleum Reserve directly between U.S. Political Action Fund to the greatest possible ports — despite the availability of suitable extent so that AMO has its traditionally Jones Act tonnage for these shipments. strong voice in any new Jones Act debate on These waivers were eased by the Capitol Hill. Department of Energy, which set the As always, I welcome comments and Seafarers International Union Executive Vice President Augie Tellez rep- required minimum per-voyage cargo load at questions from AMO members everywhere. resented the SIU and addressed those gathered for the memorial at the a level just a bit higher than the capacity of Please feel free to call me on my cell at (202) Capitol Hill Club. the largest single available Jones Act tanker. 251-0349. American Maritime Officer (USPS 316-920) Official Publication of American Maritime Officers 601 S. Federal Highway Dania Beach, FL 33004 (954) 921-2221 POSTMASTER—Send Address Changes To: Periodical Postage Paid at American Maritime Officers — ATTENTION: Member Services Dania Beach, FL P.O.
Recommended publications
  • China's Merchant Marine
    “China’s Merchant Marine” A paper for the China as “Maritime Power” Conference July 28-29, 2015 CNA Conference Facility Arlington, Virginia by Dennis J. Blasko1 Introductory Note: The Central Intelligence Agency’s World Factbook defines “merchant marine” as “all ships engaged in the carriage of goods; or all commercial vessels (as opposed to all nonmilitary ships), which excludes tugs, fishing vessels, offshore oil rigs, etc.”2 At the end of 2014, the world’s merchant ship fleet consisted of over 89,000 ships.3 According to the BBC: Under international law, every merchant ship must be registered with a country, known as its flag state. That country has jurisdiction over the vessel and is responsible for inspecting that it is safe to sail and to check on the crew’s working conditions. Open registries, sometimes referred to pejoratively as flags of convenience, have been contentious from the start.4 1 Dennis J. Blasko, Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army (Retired), a Senior Research Fellow with CNA’s China Studies division, is a former U.S. army attaché to Beijing and Hong Kong and author of The Chinese Army Today (Routledge, 2006).The author wishes to express his sincere thanks and appreciation to Rear Admiral Michael McDevitt, U.S. Navy (Ret), for his guidance and patience in the preparation and presentation of this paper. 2 Central Intelligence Agency, “Country Comparison: Merchant Marine,” The World Factbook, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2108.html. According to the Factbook, “DWT or dead weight tonnage is the total weight of cargo, plus bunkers, stores, etc., that a ship can carry when immersed to the appropriate load line.
    [Show full text]
  • Regulatory Issues in International Martime Transport
    Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development __________________________________________________________________________________________ Or. Eng. DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY DIVISION OF TRANSPORT REGULATORY ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL MARTIME TRANSPORT Contact: Mr. Wolfgang Hübner, Head of the Division of Transport, DSTI, Tel: (33 1) 45 24 91 32 ; Fax: (33 1) 45 24 93 86 ; Internet: [email protected] Or. Eng. Or. Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d’origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format 1 Summary This report focuses on regulations governing international liner and bulk shipping. Both modes are closely linked to international trade, deriving from it their growth. Also, as a service industry to trade international shipping, which is by far the main mode of international transport of goods, has facilitated international trade and has contributed to its expansion. Total seaborne trade volume was estimated by UNCTAD to have reached 5330 million metric tons in 2000. The report discusses the web of regulatory measures that surround these two segments of the shipping industry, and which have a considerable impact on its performance. As well as reviewing administrative regulations to judge whether they meet their intended objectives efficiently and effectively, the report examines all those aspects of economic regulations that restrict entry, exit, pricing and normal commercial practices, including different forms of business organisation. However, those regulatory elements that cover competition policy as applied to liner shipping will be dealt with in a separate study to be undertaken by the OECD Secretariat Many measures that apply to maritime transport services are not part of a regulatory framework but constitute commercial practices of market operators.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
    U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office Preserving Our History For Future Generations ICEBREAKERS AND THE U.S. COAST GUARD by Donald L. Canney Among the many missions of the U.S. Coast Guard, icebreaking is generally viewed as a rather narrow specialty, associated most often in the public mind with expeditions into the vast Polar unknowns. However, a study into the service's history of ice operations reveals a broad spectrum of tasks - ranging from the support of pure science to the eminently practical job of life saving on frozen waters. Furthermore, the nature of each of these functions is such that none can be considered "optional": all are vital - whether it be in the arena of national defense, maritime safety, international trade, or the global economy. The origin of icebreaking in the United States came in the 1830s, with the advent of steam propulsion. It was found that side-wheel steamers with reinforced bows were an excellent means of dealing with harbor ice, a problem common to East Coast ports as far south as the Chesapeake Bay. These seasonal tasks were common, but were strictly local efforts with no need to involve the Coast Guard (then called the Revenue Marine or Revenue Cutter Service). The service's first serious encounter with operations in ice came after the purchase of Alaska in 1867. The Revenue Cutter Lincoln became the first of many cutters to operate in Alaskan waters. Though the vessel was a conventional wooden steamer, she made three cruises in Alaskan waters before 1870. Since that time the Bering Sea patrol and other official - and unofficial - tasks made the Revenue Service a significant part of the development of that territory and state.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing Structural Casualties of the Ro-Ro Vessel Using Straight and Oblique Collision Incidents on the Car Deck
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Article Comparing Structural Casualties of the Ro-Ro Vessel Using Straight and Oblique Collision Incidents on the Car Deck Aditya Rio Prabowo 1,* , Dong Myung Bae 2 and Jung Min Sohn 2,* 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia 2 Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Systems Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.R.P.); [email protected] (J.M.S.) Received: 24 April 2019; Accepted: 6 June 2019; Published: 11 June 2019 Abstract: Roll on-roll off (Ro-Ro) ship is the preferable vessel for public transportation and also as a medium to distribute several commodities. Its operations are a straightforward process but traffic management is quite delicate, especially for cross-route. Moreover, maritime incidents sometimes occur, causing significant casualties and in the case of the Ro-Ro, collision with other ship is a possible threat with the ability to trigger immense damages. This research, therefore, was conducted to assess the structural casualties of a Ro-Ro vessel under collision. This was modelled with respect to a ship involved in a certain incident in Indonesia in the latest decade, and the designed collision problems were calculated using the finite element approach. The collision angle was selected as the main input parameter with the straight collision of angle 90◦ and oblique collision with different angles applied to the scenario. The results found the collision energy due to structural destruction to have distinct pattern and peak value under oblique cases with lower values observed for straight collision for all scenarios.
    [Show full text]
  • Basic Concepts of Maritime Transport and Its Present Status in Latin America and the Caribbean
    or. iH"&b BASIC CONCEPTS OF MARITIME TRANSPORT AND ITS PRESENT STATUS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN . ' ftp • ' . J§ WAC 'At 'li ''UWD te. , • • ^ > o UNITED NATIONS 1 fc r> » t 4 CR 15 n I" ti i CUADERNOS DE LA CEP AL BASIC CONCEPTS OF MARITIME TRANSPORT AND ITS PRESENT STATUS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN UNITED NATIONS Santiago, Chile, 1987 LC/G.1426 September 1987 This study was prepared by Mr Tnmas Sepûlveda Whittle. Consultant to ECLAC's Transport and Communications Division. The opinions expressed here are the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily coincide with those of the United Nations. Translated in Canada for official use by the Multilingual Translation Directorate, Trans- lation Bureau, Ottawa, from the Spanish original Los conceptos básicos del transporte marítimo y la situación de la actividad en América Latina. The English text was subse- quently revised and has been extensively updated to reflect the most recent statistics available. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATIONS Sales No. E.86.II.G.11 ISSN 0252-2195 ISBN 92-1-121137-9 * « CONTENTS Page Summary 7 1. The importance of transport 10 2. The predominance of maritime transport 13 3. Factors affecting the shipping business 14 4. Ships 17 5. Cargo 24 6. Ports 26 7. Composition of the shipping industry 29 8. Shipping conferences 37 9. The Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences 40 10. The Consultation System 46 * 11. Conference freight rates 49 12. Transport conditions 54 13. Marine insurance 56 V 14.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Liberty'cargo Ship
    ‘LIBERTY’ CARGO SHIP FEATURE ARTICLE written by James Davies for KEY INFORMATION Country of Origin: United States of America Manufacturers: Alabama Dry Dock Co, Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyards Inc, California Shipbuilding Corp, Delta Shipbuilding Co, J A Jones Construction Co (Brunswick), J A Jones Construction Co (Panama City), Kaiser Co, Marinship Corp, New England Shipbuilding Corp, North Carolina Shipbuilding Co, Oregon Shipbuilding Corp, Permanente Metals Co, St Johns River Shipbuilding Co, Southeastern Shipbuilding Corp, Todd Houston Shipbuilding Corp, Walsh-Kaiser Co. Major Variants: General cargo, tanker, collier, (modifications also boxed aircraft transport, tank transport, hospital ship, troopship). Role: Cargo transport, troop transport, hospital ship, repair ship. Operated by: United States of America, Great Britain, (small quantity also Norway, Belgium, Soviet Union, France, Greece, Netherlands and other nations). First Laid Down: 30th April 1941 Last Completed: 30th October 1945 Units: 2,711 ships laid down, 2,710 entered service. Released by WW2Ships.com USA OTHER SHIPS www.WW2Ships.com FEATURE ARTICLE 'Liberty' Cargo Ship © James Davies Contents CONTENTS ‘Liberty’ Cargo Ship ...............................................................................................................1 Key Information .......................................................................................................................1 Contents.....................................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • Towline V. 63 16 Layout 1
    Good Work on the Water Moran at 150: a Reflection he year 2010 marks Moran’s tressed by the company’s driving work ethic and 150th anniversary in busi- its knack for recognizing and seizing opportunity. ness, and the company’s long In the early days, the towing business was immi- and storied history has been grants’ work. They came in waves, looking for quite a voyage. Moran’s ves- meaningful, rewarding employment — rugged, sels have churned steadfastly pioneering spirits who could be fiercely ambitious. onward from era to era, man- In early-20th-century New York Harbor, the pre- aging to prosper through the dominant method of securing towing work was to company’s formative years in race out ahead of the competition and meet an Tthe 1800s, two World Wars, the Great Depression, incoming ship as it entered a channel, whereupon the boom and bust years of the late 20th century, you would nail the contract. There were around 50 and into the globally connected 21st century. tugboat companies flourishing in the Harbor. What accounts for such staying power? Fewer than ten remain today. The answer could doubtless fill a doorstop of a In essence, Moran’s good fortune continued book, brimming with pictures ranging from the unabated as the company grew along with the historic to the nostalgic. But the short answer is, American economy, in an industry so necessary Moran’s evolution as a company is an epic story of for prosperity that it defied obsolescence. It was fortunate timing compounded by hard work and not all happenstance, of course; long before entrepreneurial vision.
    [Show full text]
  • N.S. Savannah History – World's First Nuclear Merchant Ship
    N.S. Savannah History – World’s First Nuclear Merchant Ship CONSTRUCTION OF THE N.S. SAVANNAH (NSS) BEGAN WITH A CEREMONY ON MARITIME DAY IN 1958. MAMIE EISENHOWER CHRISTENED THE SHIP IN 1959 AND BY EARLY 1962 THE SHIP WAS AT SEA. THE SHIP’S MAIDEN VOYAGE TO SAVANNAH, GEORGIA TOOK PLACE IN AUGUST 1962. The NSS entered service as an experimental ship and MARAD placed the NSS into a reserve fleet in Virginia, spent three years sailing to ports in the U.S. and overseas while carrying out an allowed period of storage before carrying passengers, cargo and goodwill. Thousands of decommissioning the nuclear power plant. After another people visited the ship in each port, bringing the vision of round of shipyard maintenance, MARAD moved the NSS Atoms for Peace to the world. When the experiment was to Baltimore in 2008. It is here that MARAD will safely finished, the NSS operated as a cargo ship for another conduct the decommissioning process and determine five years. By 1970, the NSS achieved its objectives and Savannah’s future. the project ended. Savannah sailed 454,675 miles on 163 pounds of uranium; if it had been oil-fired, Savannah would have burned nearly 29 million gallons of fuel. Like all commercial nuclear power plants, the NSS is licensed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). After the ship’s fuel was removed in 1971, the reactor was made inoperable and the NRC converted MARAD’s license to only allow possession of the reactor. The license was modified to allow the NSS to operate as a museum in South Carolina from 1982 to 1994.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ship of Saint Paul: Historical Background
    Trinity University Digital Commons @ Trinity Classical Studies Faculty Research Classical Studies Department 3-1990 The hiS p of Saint Paul: Historical Background Nicolle E. Hirschfeld Trinity University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/class_faculty Part of the Classics Commons Repository Citation Hirschfeld, N. (1990). The ship of ains t Paul: Historical background. Biblical Archaeologist, 53(1 'An Underwater View of the Ancient World'), 25-30. doi:10.2307/3210150 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Classical Studies Department at Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Classical Studies Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Part I The Ship of Saint Paul Historical Background by Nicolle Hirschfeld n c.E. 62, Saint Paul left Caesa­ rea for Italy. Sailing in a vessel I of unknown type, he reached Myra on the southern coast of Tu rkey, where he boarded another ship for the second leg of his trip. Acts 27:6-28:16 records subsequent events: the voyage to Crete made dif­ ficult by unusual autumnal winds; an attempt to find a Cretan harbor in which to stay the winter; and finally the tempest that drove the ship across the Adriatic and caused it to wreck on the island of Melita (Malta). This story is more than a tale of adventure. From the perspective of nautical archaeology, it preserves important information about the type of vessel on which Paul and his companions sailed: a ship en route from Alexandria to Italy (Acts 27:6), carrying grain as its cargo (Acts 27:38), as well as 2 7 6 passengers and crew members (Acts 27:37).
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Damage from Offshore Dredging: Recommendations for Pre-Operational Surveys and Mitigation During Dredging to Avoid Adverse Impacts
    OCS STUDY MMS 2004-005 ARCHAEOLOGICAL DAMAGE FROM OFFSHORE DREDGING: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRE-OPERATIONAL SURVEYS AND MITIGATION DURING DREDGING TO AVOID ADVERSE IMPACTS PREPARED FOR: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MINERALS MANAGEMENT SERVICE Under Contract Number No. 01-02-CT-85139 February 2004 OCS Report MMS 2004-005 ARCHAEOLOGICAL DAMAGE FROM OFFSHORE DREDGING: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRE-OPERATIONAL SURVEYS AND MITIGATION DURING DREDGING TO AVOID ADVERSE IMPACTS Prepared for: Leasing Division, Sand and Gravel Unit Minerals Management Service U.S. Department of Interior Herndon, Virginia Prepared by: Research Planning, Inc. Columbia, South Carolina Tidewater Atlantic Research, Inc. Washington, North Carolina W.F. Baird & Associates Ltd. Madison, Wisconsin February 2004 DISCLAIMER This report has been reviewed by the Minerals Management Service and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Cover Art: Painting by Fitz Hugh Lane (M-19323). Published in Johnson, P. F., 1983. Steam and the Sea. Peabody Museum of Salem, Salem, Massachusetts, p.63. i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1 2.0 METHODS OF STUDY......................................................................................................2 2.1 Worldwide Review of Current Dredging
    [Show full text]
  • Shipping Under the Jones Act: Legislative and Regulatory Background
    Shipping Under the Jones Act: Legislative and Regulatory Background Updated November 21, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45725 SUMMARY R45725 Shipping Under the Jones Act: November 21, 2019 Legislative and Regulatory Background John Frittelli The Jones Act, which refers to Section 27 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920 (P.L. 66-261), Specialist in requires that vessels transporting cargo from one U.S. point to another U.S. point be U.S.-built, Transportation Policy and owned and crewed by U.S. citizens. The act provides a significant degree of protection for U.S. shipyards, domestic carriers, and American merchant sailors. It is a subject of debate because some experts argue that it leads to high domestic ocean shipping costs and constrains the availability of ships for domestic use. The Jones Act has come into prominence amid debates over Puerto Rico’s economic challenges and recovery from Hurricane Maria in 2017; in the investigation into the sinking of the ship El Faro with 33 fatalities during a hurricane in 2015; and in discussions about domestic transportation of oil and natural gas. The law’s effectiveness in achieving national security goals has also been the subject of attention in conjunction with a congressional directive that the Administration develop a national maritime strategy, including strategies to increase the use of short sea shipping and enhance U.S. shipbuilding capability. Defense officials have stated that while the Jones Act helps preserve a baseline of shipyard capability, the dwindling size of the fleet indicates a need to reassess current policy.
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBILITY ASSESSMENT VESSEL: SS Cape Alava, Ex-SS African Comet
    NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBILITY ASSESSMENT VESSEL: SS Cape Alava, ex-SS African Comet Vessel History Top: SS Cape Alava underway. Right: SS African Comet at the James River Reserve Fleet circa 1980. Maritime Administration photos. Vessel History The African Comet, later renamed Cape Alava, was designed by New York naval architects, Gibbs and Cox, Inc. It was built by the Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation in Pascagoula, Mississippi in 1962 for Farrell Lines, Inc., a steamship company then headquartered in New York, which operated principally in the U.S. East Coast-Africa trade. The ship was built under several Federal ship subsidy and financing programs.1 After serving Farrell Lines in commercial trade, the African Comet was acquired by the government under the terms of the Ship Exchange Program of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936.2 It was renamed Cape Alava and placed into defense sealift service with the Ready Reserve Force (RRF). The ship is still active but will be downgraded in the next year. It is located in the Maritime Administration’s RRF at Fort Eustis, Virginia. The Cape Alava is one in a group of six general cargo/break-bulk3 vessels classified as C4-S-58a under the Maritime Administration’s design classification scheme. The other five ships included the African Mercury (Cape Ann), African Meteor (Cape Alexander), African Neptune (Cape Archway), African Sun (Cape Avinof) and African Dawn. The 1 Subsidy programs under the Merchant Marine Act of 1936, as amended, included Construction Differential Subsidy (CDS) and Operating Differential Subsidy (ODS). Another form of financing included Federal Ship Financing Guarantees, more commonly known as “Title XI” loan guarantees.
    [Show full text]