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Plagiosaurid and Capitosaurid Amphibian Material from the Late Triassic of Medernach, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg : Preliminary Note

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Plagiosaurid and Capitosaurid Amphibian Material from the Late Triassic of Medernach, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg : Preliminary Note Bulletin de la Société belge de Géologie, T. 104 (1-2), 1995, pp. 43-53 Bulletin van de Belgische Vereniging voor Geologie. Publ. 1996 PLAGIOSAURID AND CAPITOSAURID AMPHIBIAN MATERIAL FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC OF MEDERNACH, GRAND-DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG : PRELIMINARY NOTE Andrew R. MILNER 1, Christopher DUFFIN 2, & Dominique DELSATE 3 ABSTRACT. A series of fragments of temnospondyl amphibians are described from a bone bed in the Steinmergelgruppe of Medernach, Luxembourg. Much of the material is attributable to one of the two most derived genera of the Plagiosauridae, subfamily Plagiosaurinae, either Gerrothorax or Plagiosaurus, but is not deteuuinate at generic level. Other material is attributable to the Capitosauridae and probably belongs to the terminal genus Cyclotosaurus but is not strictly determinate. The presence of a derived plagiosaurine together with ? Cyclotosaurus supports an Upper Triassic age for this fauna but does not permit any finer resolution. KEYWORDS: temnospondyl amphibians, Plagiosauridae, Capitosauridae, Triassic, Luxembourg. RESUME. Sont décrits ici des fragments d'Amphibiens Temnospondyles, provenant d'un bone-bed du Steinmergelgruppe de Medemach, Luxembourg. La majorité du matériel est attribuée, sans pouvoir être plus précis au niveau générique, aux Plagiosauridae, soit Gerrothorax, soit Plagiosaurus, les deux genres les plus évolués de la sous-famille Plagiosaurinae. D'autres spécimens semblent attribuables aux Capitosauridae, probablement au genre terminal Cyclotosaurus. La présence conjointe d'un Plagiosaurinae évolué et de ? Cyclotosaurus conforte l'attribu- tion de cette faune aux Trias Supérieur, sans permettre une résolution temporelle plus fine. MOTS-CLES: amphibiens temnospondyles, Plagiosauridae, Capitosauridae, Trias, Luxembourg. ZUSAIVIMENFASSUNG. Aus einem Bonebed der Steinmergelgruppe von Medernach, Luxemburg, werden Fragmente temnospondyler Amphibien beschrieben. Ein Teil des Materials gehort zu einer der zwei h6chstspeziali- sierten Gattungen der Plagiosauridae, Unterfamilie Plagiosaurinae, Gerrothorax oder Plagiosaurus. Andere Stücke sind den Capitosauridae zu zuordnen; siegehüren wahrscheinlich zur jüngsten Gattung Cyclotosaurus, sind aber nicht sicher bestimmen. Das Vorkommen eines spezialisierten Plagiosauriers zusammen mit ? Cyclotosaurus spricht für Obertrias-Alter; eine genauere Datierung ist nicht mdglich. SCHLÜSSELWORTER: temnospondyle Amphibien, Plagiosauridae, Capitosauridae, Trias, Luxemburg. 1. INTRODUCTION Rinkebierg, a small hill on the western outskirts of Medernach in east-central Luxembourg (Text-fig. la- b). The original section was made during the con- Geological background struction of National Road 14. The succession (Text- fig. 2) comprises 1.1 m of Lower «Rhaetic» strata The greater part of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg underlain by approximately 12 m of marls and is a dissected plateau of Lower Mesozoic beds dolomites assigned to the Steinmergelgruppe (Hary & (Müller 1964, 1966; Feuth 1966). The amphibian Müller 1967; Duffin 1993) on lithological grounds. material described here was collected from the Approximately 6 m below the base of the «Rhaetic» is Department of Biology, Birbeck College, Malet Street. London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom. z Church Hill Road 146, Sutton. Surrey SM3 8NF, United Kingdom. 3 Rue du Quartier 5. B-6972Battincourt. 43 a bone bed, the fauna of which was originally er extent by Duffin, yielded more material which described briefly by Hary and Muller (1967). They formed the basis of a description of the selachian identified teeth of the hybodont selachian Hybodus, component of the fauna (Duffin, 1993). Cuny, actinopterygian fish scales, chondrostean teeth resem- Godefroit & Martin (1995) have recently described bling those of Saurichthys, and teeth of Sargodon microvertebrate material from the fauna on the basis tomicus (as Sphaerodus minimus; Hary & Müller of collections made from excavations in 1991 by the 1967 p. 339). Dermal armour fragments were cited as Musée national d'Histoire naturelle de Luxembourg resembling those of the phytosaur Belodon, and some and the Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de isolated amphicoelous centra were reported. Belgique. The work of these authors has failed to sub- stantiate the identifications of the actinopterygian remains made by Hary & Müller (1967) but has sub- a) 10 miles stantially increased the known diversity of the assem- 15 kilometres blage (see faunal list below). BELGIUM GERMANY wffiz r Metres, 15 Vienden RHAETIC Black mottled clay ti s Grey-yellow to olive Medernach T green dolomitic clay biotech E Grovenmeche l'•, LUXEMBOURG N j M Reddish marly clays Athus \ i 10 Luxembourg E R G Bonebed E FRANCE L G Mottled dolomitic R clays u P d) Emedorl P 1km E Diekirch CR350 N14 Figure 2. Stratigraphie section of the Upper Triassic beds MEDERNACH exposed at Rinkebierg, near Medernach, based on informa- RInkoblsrg tion in Hary & Müller (1967 fig.2). After Duffin (1993). R358C Savelbrom die Nommern The Lepage collection contains about a hundred frag- Laroch este ments of temnospondyl amphibians. A few of the more detesistinate elements from this collection form Figure 1. the basis of the present work, which should be seen as a) Map of Luxembourg showing location of Medemach. a preliminary account of the temnospondyl amphib- b) Map of vicinity of Medernach showing location of road cutting at Rinkebierg. After Duffin (1993). ians of Medernach pending study of the material held by the IRSNB and in the Musée national d'Histoire naturelle de Luxembourg. Wouters, Lepage and Coupatez excavated the bone bed in 1983, obtaining a rich vertebrate fauna by The vertebrate fauna of the Late Triassic bone bed of acetic acid treatment of the matrix, followed by con- Medernach can be summarised as follows: centration using the bromoform flotation method. Possible therapsid teeth were described in a prelimi- SELACHII nary paper by Wouters, Lepage & Coupatez (1983) Hybodus minor Agassiz (1837) and later, in more detail, by Hahn, Lepage & Wouters Lissodus lepagei Duffin (1993) (1984). Further excavations by Lepage, and to a less- 4 types of dermal denticle 44 ACTINOPTERYGII Incertae sedis Colobodus sp. cf. Dipteronotus Material Six specimens registered in the collections Perleidus cf. stoschiensis of the Department of Palaeontology, The Natural Perleidus sp. History Museum, London (BMNH) as follows : cf. Semionotus BMNH R.12345, Large fragment of base of right undeterutined carnivorous actinopterygians clavicle (Text-fig. 3a-b, Plate 1 figs 1-2); undetermined pycnodontiforms BMNH R.12346, Posterodorsal strut of left cleithrum (Text-fig.4a, Plate 1, fig.3); DIPNOI BMNH R.12347, Posterodorsal strut of smaller right undetermined ceratodontiforms cleithrum (Text-fig.4b, P1.1 fig.4); BMNH R.12348, Fragment of right surangular (Text- AMPHIBIA fig.4c, Pl.l figs 5-6); Plagiosauridae BMNH R.12349, Dorsal scute (P1.1 fig.7); Plagiosaurinae incertae sedis BMNH 8.12350, Large trunk vertebral centrum (P1.1 Capitosauridae fig.8). ? Cyclotosaurus SAUROPSIDA Description : Much of the temnospondyl material in Small archosaurian carnivores this assemblage bears the pustulate dermal ornament Undetermined phytosaurs characteristic of the Triassic temnospondyl family Plagiosauridae, subfamily Plagiosaurinae. PTEROSAURIA The family first appears in the Lower Triassic of Eudimorphodontidae Australia (Plagiobatrachus Warren, 1985), a record Eudimorphodon sp. that cannot be readily placed in either of the named subfamilies. All later determinate material can be THEROPSIDA placed in one of the two subfamilies created by Shishkin (1986, 1987), namely the Plagiosterninae CYNODONTIA and the Plagiosaurinae. Plagiosternines have conven- Pseudotriconodon wildi Hahn et al. 1984 tional temnospondyl dermal ornament, not pustular Gaumia cf. incisa ornament and so are not the source of the plagiosaurid Cynodontia incertae sedis material described in this work. The Subfamily Plagiosaurinae (Shishkin 1986 using Jaekel's family MAMMALIA name) is characterized by pustulate ornament on the Undetermined morganucodontid dermal bones of the skull, pectoral girdle and the dor- sal scales, and even small scraps can be diagnosed to 2. SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY this subfamily quite readily. The earliest known pla- giosaurines are from the Anisian of Orenburg Order Temnospondyli Zittel, 1888 Province and Kazakhstan, and later forms have been Family Plagiosauridae Jaekel, 1914 found in the Ladinian of Europe and Russia, the Subfamily Plagiosaurinae (Jaekel) Shishkin, 1986 Carman and Norian of Europe and the Norian of a. b. clavicle stem lateral dermal face Tossa posterior ventral dermal face bearing pustular base of clavicle ornament blade Figure 3. Plagiosaurine material from the Steinmergelgruppe of Medernach, Luxembourg : a-b. BMNH R.12345 : large fragment of base of right clavicle. 45 Thailand. Within the Plagiosaurinae is a terminal für Naturkunde, Humboldt Universitat, Berlin) fig- clade formed by two Upper Triassic genera ured by Nilsson 1939 (Taf I figs 1-3; Taf.II figs 7-8) Plagiosaurus and Gerrothorax, characterized by and examined by ARM. BMNH R.12345 comprises highly derived, massive pectoral girdles which are part of a thick plate of bone - the base of the clavicle very different from those of all other temnospondyls blade - bearing pustular ornament on the flat ventral including the Ladinian plagiosaurines. The stem of dermal face. It curves through 90 degrees, still bear- the clavicle becomes abbreviated and the cleithrum ing ornament on the lateral
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