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Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC Apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 Lokaratna [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 Lokaratna Folklore Foundation,India [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 Lokaratna Vol. XI, Part – I, 2018 ISSN No. 2347-6427 UGC Journal Number: 47781 Lokaratna is an international e-journal of Folklore Foundation; India collaborated with World Oral Literature Project, Cambridge University. Folklore Foundation has an international repute of bringing out digital journal disseminated in more than 70 universities and institutes around the globe. The purpose of the journal is to explore the rich cultural heritage of Odisha in particular and interdisciplinary search in general, for a wider readership. Any scholar across the globe interested to contribute on any aspect of folklore and allied areas is welcome. This volume represents the articles on culture, folklore, education, and language pedagogy. Cover Image: Keshkal Ghat of Bastar, Chhattishgarh, India Folklore Foundation Office Bearers President: Sri Sukant Mishra Managing Trustee and Director: Dr M K Mishra Trustee: Sri Sapan K Prusty Trustee: Sri Durga Prasanna Layak Lokaratna is the official journal of the Folklore Foundation, India and it is a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary international and UGC approved academic journal in English. The objectives of the journal are: To invite writers and scholars to contribute their valuable research papers on any aspects of Folklore and allied subjects. They should be based on the theory and methodology of research and on empirical studies with substantial field work. To publish seminal articles written by senior scholars on Folklore and allied subjects, making them available as the original sources. To present lives of folklorists, outlining their substantial contribution to Folklore To publish book reviews, field work reports, descriptions of research projects and announcements for seminars and workshops. To present interviews with eminent scholars from India and abroad. Any new idea that would enrich this research journal is welcome. We also review newly published books, to get your book reviewed write to: [email protected] / [email protected] [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 Editor in Chief: Dr Mahendra K Mishra Executive Editor: Prof. Anand Mahanand, EFLU, Hyderabad Advisory Board Prof.Anvita Abbi, Linguist , Ex Professor of Longuistics, JNU Prof Mark Turin, Department of Anthropology, British Columbia University , Canada Dr.Molly Kaushal, Director, Janapada Sampada,(IGNCA)New Delhi Dr.Nirupama Modwel, Director, ( Intangible Heritage,)INTACH, New Delhi Prof.Irina Samarina, Russian Akademi of Letters, Moscow Prof .Tatyana Fedosova, Altai University , Siberia Chandrabhanu Pattanayak, Senior Academician, Centurian University, Bhubaneswar Editorial Board Dr Subhendu Mund, Eminent poet and Critic of Indian Literature, Bhubaneswar Dr Harekrushna Meher, Retired Professor of Sanksrit, Odisha Mary Provost, Activist, Indigenous Rights, Canada Prof. Ranjan K. Panda, IIT Bombay Dr Sharmila Chhotray, Department of Sociology, Tripura University,Agartala Dr.Indranil Acharya, Department of English, Vidyasagar University, Midnapur Dr Amitendu Bhattacharya, Asst. Professor, BITS Pilani (Goa) Subhasis Nanda, Ph D scholar, EFLU, Hyderabad [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 From The Desk of the Editor-In-Chief Human knowledge expressed in the philosophy, aesthetics, literature, drama and arts had dominated the history through the ages. Now a time has come where individual human freedom has shrieked with the marketization of the globe where culture, literature and arts have also been a valuable good. In 1080 Chittaranjan Das, a great thinker of our time had written, “Almost all over the world at present, as people are becoming more and more aware of the gods that have failed them, the heroic in them are searching for alternatives, an alternative in science and technology, alternatives in political and economic patterns, and also an alternative in education. Man everywhere has never been so rude and ruthless in throwing away the old idols as he is now. It seems there is going to be a total leap, a decision in the direction of the vertical.”(Chittaranjan Das, Searching for an Alternative, 1980, P. 14 ) Inter-creation of the divine to human and human to divine turns the history of time. Human divinity with aesthetics helped to see the invisible within for a quest for the transcendental. What are that idea and thought that could survive the earth, human values and aesthetics that bring happiness to the human society? At this juncture, writers and researchers taking an interest in the study of landscape, river, mountain, nature and the nativity connected to the collective memory locate one’s individuality with the togetherness. Folklore and language with their roots in the earth and life have the esoteric knowledge to fulfil the unfulfilledness of the human society with harmony. Nature act and human captures it through imagination, memory, and creativity manifested in words and visuals. Now, scholars are engaged in the field study and explore the orality of the knowledge from the diverse spaces of this country to connect the literature with the memory, history and identity. I wish that in future, Lokaratna will come up with more assurance in the field of literature , folklore and language. I am thankful to Dr Anand Mahanand and the team of editors for the task to bring the ideas and thoughts of the scholars, new and celebrated together in a platform that is thriving with creativity and innovation. Mahendra Kumar Mishra [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 From The Desk of the Executive Editor Cultural Representations and Folk Narratives “Representation through language is therefore central to the processes by which meaning is produced” (Stuart Hall 2010, p.1) Culture is understood as something best that has been thought and said in a society. It is expressed in the forms of narratives such as songs, tales, art, paintings, music, literature, and world-view and so on. India is a store house of such narratives. We have abundance of such forms that have been part of our living traditions since time immemorial. It will take ages for us to explore and understand them. Nevertheless, some efforts have been made in the past to explore such narratives by way of translation, documentation and commentary by some erudite scholars like Verrier Elwin, Alan Dundes and A. K. Ramanujan, and so on. Their works give us access to such valuable resources of our culture. However, such explorations should not be studied on the face value but read critically. The critical reading will help us explore many more things that lie beyond the surface level of meaning. The primary focus of many articles in this volume of Lokaratna has been representation. For instance, Koutuk Dutta in his article “Romantic Sensibility in the Works of [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 Verrier Elwin: A Study” defines romanticism and describes the tenets of romantic sensibilities and places Verrier Elwin’s works in the light of romantic sensibility. Indranil Acharya and Moumita Dutta in their article “Magic Meets Mundaneness: A Re-reading of Thakurmar Jhuli” study a collections of tales that has been popular since the Swadeshi movement. They argue that these narratives are not just entertaining stories for children but are repository of historical, economic, ethnographical and cultural knowledge. Priyadarshini Mishra’s article “Gender and Culture of the Dongria Kondh of Odisha: A Preliminary Assessment” describes the role of women in shaping the folklore of the country. The article titled “Shadow Plays in Karnataka” by Basavaraj Naikar gives a historical account of shadow play and argues that it has its origin in India. It also describes the art form that is prevalent in Karnataka and elaborates its various aspects. Rashmi Das’s article “Kohinoor Theatre of Assam” explores the history of mobile theatre of Assam and studies features that are very specific to it. Arpeata Sharma’s article “Breaking of the “Bahadur”: Reading the song Bir Gorkhai within the Context of the 2007 Gorkhaland Movement” studies the song “Bir Gorkhai” and highlights how the song gave an alternative image of the Gorkha people as opposed to the popular image of bahadur or chowkidar”. Sandeep Chattaraj studies the neglected historicity and representation of the indigenous communities of West Bengal such as Kharia Sabar, Malpaharia and Lodha etc in his article “Decolonizing the Indigenous Identity: Rewriting the History and Identity of Indigenous People Living in Jangal Mahal of West Bengal”. Sudeshna Chanda and Sharmila Chotaray in their article “Soap Opera and Its Audience Reception: A Review of Shifting Paradigms’ explore the shifting paradigms of media theory with special reference to soap opera and study how feminism has uplifted the interpretation of the women genre soap. Nancy Yadav discusses the Bonda myths and relates them to Ramakatha by bringing in oral and ritual gestures and religious beliefs in her article “Construction of [Folklore Foundation, India, Lokaratna Vol XI (I) UGC apporved Journal Number: 47781 ISSN: 2347 6427 Bonda Identity: Manifestation of Ramakatha within Indigenous Bonda Myths”.
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