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Modi, Social Media, and Competitive Electoral Populism in India
International Journal of Communication 11(2017), 4158–4180 1932–8036/20170005 Fragile Hegemony: Modi, Social Media, and Competitive Electoral Populism in India SUBIR SINHA1 School of Oriental and African Studies, London, UK Direct and unmediated communication between the leader and the people defines and constitutes populism. I examine how social media, and communicative practices typical to it, function as sites and modes for constituting competing models of the leader, the people, and their relationship in contemporary Indian politics. Social media was mobilized for creating a parliamentary majority for Narendra Modi, who dominated this terrain and whose campaign mastered the use of different platforms to access and enroll diverse social groups into a winning coalition behind his claims to a “developmental sovereignty” ratified by “the people.” Following his victory, other parties and political formations have established substantial presence on these platforms. I examine emerging strategies of using social media to criticize and satirize Modi and offering alternative leader-people relations, thus democratizing social media. Practices of critique and its dissemination suggest the outlines of possible “counterpeople” available for enrollment in populism’s future forms. I conclude with remarks about the connection between activated citizens on social media and the fragility of hegemony in the domain of politics more generally. Keywords: Modi, populism, Twitter, WhatsApp, social media On January 24, 2017, India’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), proudly tweeted that Narendra Modi, its iconic prime minister of India, had become “the world’s most followed leader on social media” (see Figure 1). Modi’s management of—and dominance over—media and social media was a key factor contributing to his convincing win in the 2014 general election, when he led his party to a parliamentary majority, winning 31% of the votes cast. -
Global Digital Cultures: Perspectives from South Asia
Revised Pages Global Digital Cultures Revised Pages Revised Pages Global Digital Cultures Perspectives from South Asia ASWIN PUNATHAMBEKAR AND SRIRAM MOHAN, EDITORS UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PRESS • ANN ARBOR Revised Pages Copyright © 2019 by Aswin Punathambekar and Sriram Mohan All rights reserved This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publisher. Published in the United States of America by the University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America Printed on acid- free paper First published June 2019 A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication data has been applied for. ISBN: 978- 0- 472- 13140- 2 (Hardcover : alk paper) ISBN: 978- 0- 472- 12531- 9 (ebook) Revised Pages Acknowledgments The idea for this book emerged from conversations that took place among some of the authors at a conference on “Digital South Asia” at the Univer- sity of Michigan’s Center for South Asian Studies. At the conference, there was a collective recognition of the unfolding impact of digitalization on various aspects of social, cultural, and political life in South Asia. We had a keen sense of how much things had changed in the South Asian mediascape since the introduction of cable and satellite television in the late 1980s and early 1990s. We were also aware of the growing interest in media studies within South Asian studies, and hoped that the conference would resonate with scholars from various disciplines across the humanities and social sci- ences. -
Women Novelists in Indian English Literature
WOMEN NOVELISTS IN INDIAN ENGLISH LITERATURE DR D. RAJANI DEIVASAHAYAM S. HIMA BINDU Associate Professor in English Assistant Professor in English Ch. S. D. St. Theresa’s Autonomous College Ch. S. D. St. Theresa’s Autonomous for Women College for Women Eluru, W.G. DT. (AP) INDIA Eluru, W.G. DT., (AP) INDIA Woman has been the focal point of the writers of all ages. On one hand, he glorifies and deifies woman, and on the other hand, he crushes her with an iron hand by presenting her in the image of Sita, the epitome of suffering. In the wake of the changes that have taken place in the society in the post-independence period, many novelists emerged on the scene projecting the multi-faceted aspects of woman. The voice of new Indian woman is heard from 1970s with the emergence of Indian English women novelists like Nayantara Sehgal, Anitha Desai, Kamala Markandaya, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, Arundhati Roy, Shashi Deshpande, Gita Mehta, Bharathi Mukherjee, and Jhumpha Lahiri.. These Feminist writers tried to stamp their authority in a male dominated environment as best as it is possible to them. This paper focuses on the way these women writers present the voice of the Indian woman who was hitherto suppressed by the patriarchal authority. Key words: suppression, identity, individuality, resistance, assertion. INTRODUCTION Indian writers have contributed much for the overall development of world literature with their powerful literary expression and immense depth in characterization. In providing global recognition to Indian writing in English, the novel plays a significant role as they portray the multi-faceted problems of Indian life and the reactions of common men and women in the society. -
Chapter-Ii Journey of Women Novelists in India
CHAPTER-II JOURNEY OF WOMEN NOVELISTS IN INDIA 2.1 Preliminaries This chapter deals with the study of „novel‟ as a popular literary genre. It traces the advent of the novel in India which is a product of colonial encounter. Essentially dominated by male writers, women‟s writings in the past were looked down upon as inconsequential. Literary contributions by Indian women writers were undervalued on account of patriarchal assumptions which prioritized the works of male experiences. For many women writers, who are products of strong patriarchal cultures, ability to write and communicate in the language of the colonizers represents power. Since English is the language of British-ruled colonies, literature written in English has often been used to marginalize and thwart female point of view. But in the post-colonial era, however, the ability to use language, read, write, speak and publish has become an enabling tool to question the absence of female authorial representation from the literary canon. Post-colonial studies sparks off questions related to identity, race, gender and ethnicity. Since one of the objectives of the post-colonial discourse is aimed at re- instating the marginalized in the face of the dominant some of the aspects it seeks to address through its fictions are those related to women‟s status in society, gender bias, quest for identity among others. As Rosalind Miles remarks, The task of interpretation of women‟s experience cannot be left to male writers alone, however sympathetic they might be. The female perspective expressed through women‟s writings of all kinds is more than a valuable corrective to an all-male view of the universe.1 Taking this argument into consideration, the present chapter will very briefly study the works of women novelists in India. -
Introduction
I INTRODUCTION The objective of the thesis has been to explore the rootlessness in the major fictional works of V.S. Naipaul, the-Trinidad-born English author. The emphasis has been on the analysis of his writings, in which he has depicted the images of home, family and association. Inevitably, in this research work on V.S. Naipaul’s fiction, multiculturalism, homelessness (home away from home) and cultural hybridity has been explored. Naipaul has lost his roots no doubt, but he writes for his homeland. He is an expatriate author. He gives vent to his struggle to cope with the loss of tradition and makes efforts to cling to the reassurance of a homeland. Thepresent work captures the nuances of the afore-said reality. A writer of Indian origin writing in English seems to have an object, that is his and her imagination has to be there for his/her mother country. At the core of diaspora literature, the idea of the nation-state is a living reality. The diaspora literature, however, focuses on cultural states that are defined by immigration counters and stamps on one’s passport. The diaspora community in world literature is quite complex. It has shown a great mobility and adaptability as it has often been involved in a double act of migration from India to West Indies and Africa to Europe or America on account of social and political resources. Writers like Salman Rushdie, RohingtonMistry, Bahrain Mukherjee, and V.S. Naipaul write from their own experience of hanging in limbo between two identities: non-Indian and Indian. -
THE INDIAN JOURNAL of ENGLISH STUDIES an Annual Journal
ISSN-L 0537-1988 53 THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ENGLISH STUDIES An Annual Journal VOL.LIII 2016 Editor-in-Chief Dr. Binod Mishra Associate Professor of English, IIT Roorkee The responsibility for facts stated, opinion expressed or conclusions reached and plagiarism, if any, in this Journal is entirely that of the author. The editor/publisher bears no responsibility for them whatsoever. THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF ASSOCIATION FOR ENGLISH STUDIES OF INDIA 53 2016 INDIAN JOURNAL OF ENGLISH STUDIES Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Binod Mishra, CONTENTS Department of HSS, IIT Roorkee, Uttarakhand. The Indian Journal of English Studies (IJES), published since 1940, accepts Editorial Binod Mishra VII scholarly papers presented by members at the annual conferences World Literature in English of the Association for English Hari Mohan Prasad 1 Studies of India (AESI). Orders for the Indian and Western Canon copy of the journal for home, college, Charu Sheel Singh 12 departmental/university library may be sent to the Editor-in-Chief, Mahesh Dattani’s Ek Alag Mausam: Dr. Binod Mishra, by sending an Art for Life’s Sake Mukesh Ranjan Verma 23 e-mail on [email protected]. Teachers and research scholars are Encounters in the Human requested to place orders on behalf of Zoo through Albee their institutions for one or more J. S. Jha 33 copies. Orders can be sent to Dr. Binod John Dryden and the Restoration Milieu Mishra, Editor-in-Chief, IJES, 215/3 Vinod Kumar Singh 45 Saraswati Kunj, IIT Roorkee, District- Folklore and Film: Commemorating Haridwar, Uttarakhand-247667, Vijaydan Detha, the Shakespeare India. -
Phoenix Reps Arnab Vs India Today Writ, Plus Other Anti- Republic Claim by TOI [READ PETITION • UDPATE-1]
Phoenix reps Arnab vs India Today writ, plus other anti- Republic claim by TOI [READ PETITION • UDPATE-1] 30 May 2017 : We understand that law firm Phoenix Legal is defending journalist Arnab Goswami’s freshly launched news channel Republic TV in the Delhi high court, against news channel TV Today’s writ that alleges that Republic is violating telecom law to gain unprecedented television ratings (TRP). LPJ & Partners is acting for TV Today, which is the India Today Group’s English and Hindi television news channel. TV Today has alleged that Republic violates the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) rule that makes it mandatory for a TV channel to list itself at a single location on the Electronic Programme Guide (EPG) of various multi-system operators (MSO). The case is expected to be heard before Justice Sanjeev Sachdeva, with it having been listed for hearing today. We have not been able to confirm the lead lawyers or counsel instructed at either law firm at the time of going to press. Update 19:03: The matter was part-heard today and listed for a continued hearing tomorrow. Senior counsel Abhishek Manu Singhvi appeared for TV Today. Senior counsel Ramji Srinivasan was instructed by Phoenix for Republic. DSK Legal acted for the Broadcast Audience Research Council (BARC), which is a co-respondent, instructing senior counsel Sandeep Sethi. On EPG listings, TV channels are grouped together based on their genre, so that TV viewers see a channel only once while surfing the listings, in a scenario where they are linearly zapping through the listings. -
A Room of Their Own: Women Novelists 109
A Room of their Own: Women Novelists 109 4 A Room of their Own: Women Novelists There is a clear distinction between the fiction of the old masters and the new novel, with Rushdie's Midnight's Children providing a convenient watershed. When it comes to women novelists, the distinction is not so clear cut. The older generation of women writers (they are a generation younger than the "Big Three") have produced significant work in the nineteen-eighties: Anita Desai's and Nayantara Sahgal's best work appeared in this period. We also have the phenomenon of the "late bloomers": Shashi Deshpande (b. 1937) and Nisha da Cunha (b. 1940) have published their first novel and first collection of short stories in the eighties and nineties respectively. But the men and women writers also have much in common. Women too have written novels of Magic Realism, social realism and regional fiction, and benefited from the increasing attention (and money) that this fiction has received, there being an Arundhati Roy to compare with Vikram Seth in terms of royalties and media attention. In terms of numbers, less women writers have been published abroad; some of the best work has come from stay-at- home novelists like Shashi Deshpande. Older Novelists Kamala Markandaya has published just one novel after 1980. Pleasure City (1982) marks a new direction in her work. The cultural confrontation here is not the usual East verses West, it is tradition and modernity. An efficient multinational corporation comes to a sleepy fishing village on the Coromandal coast to built a holiday resort, Shalimar, the pleasure city; and the villagers, struggling at subsistence level, cannot resist the regular income offered by jobs in it. -
Judgment Has Been Divided Into Sections to Facilitate Analysis
Reportable IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION Criminal Appeal No. 742 of 2020 (Arising out of SLP (Crl) No. 5598 of 2020) Arnab Manoranjan Goswami ....Appellant Versus The State of Maharashtra & Ors. ....Respondents With Criminal Appeal No. 743 of 2020 (Arising out of SLP (Crl) No. 5599 of 2020) And With Criminal Appeal No. 744 of 2020 (Arising out of SLP (Crl) No. 5600 of 2020) 1 J U D G M E N T Dr Dhananjaya Y Chandrachud, J This judgment has been divided into sections to facilitate analysis. They are: A The appeal B The parties, the FIR and ‗A‘ Summary C Previous proceedings against the appellant D Re-opening of investigation and arrest of the appellant E Submissions of Counsel F Criminal Appeal No. 743 of 2020 (Arising out of SLP (Crl) No. 5599 of 2020) G Criminal Appeal No. 744 of 2020 (Arising out of SLP (Crl) No. 5600 of 2020) H Jurisdiction of the High Court under Article 226 and Section 482 CrPC I Prima Facie evaluation of the FIR and the grant of bail J Human liberty and the role of courts K Conclusion 2 PART A A The appeal 1 While invoking the jurisdiction of the High Court of Judicature at Bombay under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India and Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (―CrPC‖), the appellant sought three substantive reliefs: (i) A writ of Habeas Corpus, claiming that he had been illegally arrested and wrongfully detained by the Station House Officer (―SHO‖) at Alibaug Police Station in the district of Raigad in Maharashtra in relation to a First Information Report1 (―FIR‖) registered on 5 May 2018 under Sections 306 and 34 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (―IPC‖) in spite of an earlier closure report which was accepted by the Magistrate; (ii) The quashing of the above-mentioned FIR; and (iii) The quashing of the arrest memo on the basis of which the appellant had been arrested. -
Introduction to Mass Communication Question Bank
School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION COMPLEMENTARY COURSE – MASS COMMUNICATION FOR BA ENGLISH (2011 Admission) SEMESTER II PAPER I INTRODUCTION TO MASS COMMUNICATION QUESTION BANK 1. The Interpretation process in Communication takes place in a) Sender b) Message c) Receiver d) Channel 2. The Hindu Newspaper was founded by G. Subrahmaniya Aiyer in the year ………… a) 1868 b) 1878 c) 1898 d) 1875 3. The Press Act passed by the British in 1878 to prevent Indian language press from being critical of the British rule is ……………. a) Indian News Paper Act b) Indian Press Act c) Vernacular Press Act d) Colonial Press Act 4. Which among the following publication is not associated with Gandhiji? a) Young India b) Harijan c) Swarajiya d) Navajeevan 5. The News paper founded by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru is? a) Indian Chronicle b) Times of India c) Indian Herald d) National Herald 6. The first Newspaper in India, Bengal Gazette founded by? a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy b) James Augustus Hickey c) Dr. William Carrey d) Sir. Philip Francis 7. “When the Press was asked to bed, Most of them chose to crawl” who said this about press during the emergency period? a) Jaiprakash Narayan b) A.B.Vajpai c) L.K.Advani d) I.K.Gujral 8. The FM Station owned by Malayala Manorama group is ……………… a) Best FM b) Radio Mango c) Club FM d) Radio Mirchi 9. The first private television channel in India is……………….. Introduction to Mass Communication Page 1 School of Distance Education a) Asianet b) NDTV c) Times New d) Surya 10. -
Arnab Goswami's Arrest
Commonwealth Law Review Journal │Annual Volume 6 602 ARNAB GOSWAMI’S ARREST: POLITICAL OR POLICING & JOURNALISM? Written by Neeta Beri Principal cum Professor, Center for Legal Studies, Gitarattan International Business School, Delhi, India ABSTRACT The sudden arrest and alleged assault of Republic TV’s Editor-in-Chief Arnab Goswami by the Raigad Police in Maharashtra has brought to the forefront concerns about India’s long- cherished freedom of speech and whether it is losing its pride of place in the Constitution. Throughout India’s well-established democracy, courts have accorded the highest respect for protecting this right enshrined in our Constitution under Article 19 (1)(a). Yet, the detention of one of India’s most celebrated journalists — in a case of abetment to suicide of architect Anvay Naik in which the Raigad Police previously found no illegality — raises several issues of propriety. Commonwealth Law Review Journal – Annual Volume 6 ISSN 2581 3382 © All Rights Reserved – The Law Brigade Publishers (2020) Commonwealth Law Review Journal │Annual Volume 6 603 INTRODUCTION The Republic TV Editor-in-Chief Arnab Goswami was arrested from his Mumbai house on 4th November, 2020 by the police. Ever since the journalist was lifted from his house, there was confusion behind the reason of his arrest. Mumbai Police, however, has confirmed that Goswami has been arrested in connection with the case related to the suicide of an architect and his mother in 2018. The matter has to do with non-payment of dues. Anvay Naik and his mother allegedly committed suicide over non-payment of dues by Goswami's Republic TV, an official had revealed. -
Behind Bars: Arrest and Detention of Journalists in India 2010-20
BEHIND BARS Arrest and Detention of Journalists in India 2010-20 Journalist Siddique Kappan (in cap) brought to court in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (Picture courtesy: PTI). An analysis of a decade of summons, detentions, arrests, interrogations and show-case notices against journalists By Geeta Seshu Free Speech Collective 2 [BEHIND BARS: ARREST AND DETENTION OF JOURNALISTS 2010-20] Introduction The year 2020 has been a bad one for journalists in India. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused illness and death, and the lockdown resulted in salary cuts and loss of livelihood due to mass retrenchments effected by media houses. The Killing and attacks on journalists have continued unabated. While self-censorship within the media remained an open secret, the government sought to increase regulation of the media, with media policies, funding and administrative mechanisms for online media. A sharp rise in criminal cases lodged against journalists in India for their worK, with a majority of cases in BJP-ruled states, has contributed to the deterioration in the climate for free speech in India. In the last decade, 154 journalists in India were arrested, detained, interrogated or served show cause notices for their professional work and a little over 40 per cent of these instances were in 2020. Nine foreign journalists faced deportation, arrest, interrogations or were denied entry into India. Apart from cases under various sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), ‘terror’ related charges and sedition have also been increasingly applied against journalists. Three journalists are in custody under various sections of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (UAPA), one of them being convicted with life imprisonment.