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Enerdata Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe Renewable Energy Support Policies Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe September 2020 2 Enerdata Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe Table of contents Table of contents 2 List of figures 7 List of tables 8 Definitions 12 Acronyms 15 Overview 16 Main changes since the last version 19 Austria 19 Croatia 19 Czechia 19 Estonia 19 Greece 19 Hungary 19 Italy 19 Ireland 19 Lithuania 20 Luxembourg 20 Netherlands 20 Poland 20 Portugal 20 Romania 20 Slovakia 20 Spain 20 Ukraine 21 United Kingdom 21 Austria 22 Policies overview 22 Feed-in Tariffs 22 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 24 Investment grants 24 Biofuels 24 Belgium 25 Policies overview 25 Renewable Obligations 25 Premium 28 Investment grants 29 Net metering 29 Bulgaria 30 Policies overview 30 Feed-in Tariffs 30 Biofuels 31 Croatia 32 Enerdata 2 Policies overview 32 Feed-in Tariffs 32 Biofuels 33 Cyprus 34 Policies overview 34 Net metering 34 Investment grants 34 Feed-in Tariffs 34 Biofuels 35 Czechia 36 Policies overview 36 Feed-in Tariffs/Premiums 36 Investment grants 36 Biofuels 37 Denmark 38 Policies overview 38 Premiums 38 Net metering 40 Biofuels 40 Estonia 41 Policies overview 41 Premiums 41 Investment grants 42 Finland 43 Policies overview 43 Premiums 43 France 45 Policies overview 45 Feed-in Tariffs 45 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 48 Biofuels 48 Germany 49 Policies overview 49 Feed-in Tariffs 49 Biofuels 52 Greece 53 Policies overview 53 Feed-in Tariffs 53 Net Metering 56 Hungary 57 Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe - Copyright© Enerdata – All rights reserved 3 Policies overview 57 Feed-in Tariffs /Premiums 57 Net metering 59 Biofuels 59 Ireland 60 Policies overview 60 Feed-in Tariffs/Premiums 60 Investment grants 61 Solar water heaters 61 Biofuels 61 Italy 63 Policies overview 63 Renewable obligations 64 Feed-in Tariffs/Premiums 64 Net metering 69 Biofuels 69 Latvia 70 Feed-in Tariffs 70 Net Metering 70 Lithuania 71 Policies overview 71 Feed-in Tariffs /Premiums 71 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 73 Net Metering 73 Investment grants 73 Biofuels 73 Luxembourg 74 Policies overview 74 Feed-in Tariffs 74 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 76 Investment grants 76 Biofuels 76 Malta 77 Policies overview 77 Feed-in Tariffs 77 Investment grants 77 Netherlands 78 Policies overview 78 Premiums 78 Investment grants 79 Biofuels 79 4 Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe - Copyright© Enerdata – All rights reserved Poland 80 Policies overview 80 Feed-in Tariffs 80 Renewable obligations 82 Net-metering 82 Biofuels 82 Portugal 83 Policies overview 83 Feed-in Tariffs 83 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 84 Biofuels 85 Romania 86 Policies overview 86 Renewable obligations 86 Slovak Republic 88 Policies overview 88 Feed-in Tariffs / Premiums 88 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 90 Biofuels 91 Slovenia 92 Policies overview 92 Feed-in Tariffs/Premiums 92 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 93 Net-metering 93 Biofuels 94 Spain 95 Policies overview 95 Feed-in Tariffs/Premiums 95 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 96 Biofuels 96 Sweden 97 Policies overview 97 Renewable obligations 97 Investment grants 98 United Kingdom 99 Policies overview 99 Renewable obligations 99 Feed-in Tariffs 100 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 101 Net metering 101 Solar water heaters 102 Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe - Copyright© Enerdata – All rights reserved 5 Biofuels 103 Albania 104 Policies overview 104 Feed-in tariffs 104 Net metering 104 Biofuels 105 Bosnia-Herzegovina 106 Policies overview 106 Feed-in Tariffs 107 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 109 North Macedonia 110 Policies overview 110 Feed-in tariffs/Premiums 110 Norway 112 Policies overview 112 Renewable obligations 112 Serbia 114 Policies overview 114 Feed-in Tariffs 114 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 116 Switzerland 117 Policies overview 117 Feed-in tariffs 117 Investment grants 120 Turkey 121 Policies overview 121 Feed-in Tariffs 121 Ukraine 124 Policies overview 124 Feed-in Tariffs 124 Sources 127 Transversal sources 127 National sources 127 6 Renewable Energy Support Policies in Europe - Copyright© Enerdata – All rights reserved List of figures Figure 1: Schematic illustration of FiT, Fixed FiP and one-sided sliding feed-in-premium ........................... 13 Figure 2: Schematic illustration of two-sided sliding feed-in-premium ........................................................ 13 Figure 3: Main renewable energy support schemes in European countries................................................. 16 Figure 4: Renewable energy support policies in Europe ............................................................................... 17 Figure 5: Share of renewable in final energy consumption in 2008, 2018 and 2020 targets in European countries ........................................................................................................................................................ 18 Figure 6: Renewable policies overview in Austria since 2007 ....................................................................... 22 Figure 7: Renewable policies overview in Belgium since 2007 ..................................................................... 25 Figure 8: Renewable policies overview in Bulgaria since 2007 ..................................................................... 30 Figure 9: Renewable policies overview in Croatia since 2007 ....................................................................... 32 Figure 10: Renewable policies overview in Cyprus since 2009 ..................................................................... 34 Figure 11: Renewable policies overview in Czechia since 2002 .................................................................... 36 Figure 12: Renewable policies overview in Denmark since 2008 ................................................................. 38 Figure 13: Renewable policies overview in Estonia since 2003 .................................................................... 41 Figure 14: Renewable policies overview in Finland since 2011 .................................................................... 43 Figure 15: Renewable policies overview in France since 2001 ..................................................................... 45 Figure 16: Renewable policies overview in Germany since 2000 ................................................................. 49 Figure 17: Renewable policies overview in Greece since 2006 ..................................................................... 53 Figure 18: Renewable policies overview in Hungary since 2003 ................................................................... 57 Figure 19: Renewable policies overview in Ireland since 2006 ..................................................................... 60 Figure 20: Renewable policies overview in Italy since 1992 ......................................................................... 63 Figure 21: Renewable policies overview by energy in Italy since 1992 ........................................................ 64 Figure 22: Renewable policies overview in Lithuania since 2002 ................................................................. 71 Figure 23: Renewable policies overview in Luxembourg since 2000 ............................................................ 74 Figure 24: Renewable policies overview in Malta since 2004 ....................................................................... 77 Figure 25: Renewable policies overview in The Netherlands since 2003 ..................................................... 78 Figure 26: Renewable policies overview in Poland since 2000 ..................................................................... 80 Figure 27: Renewable policies overview in Portugal since 2005................................................................... 83 Figure 28: Renewable policies overview in Romania since 2006 .................................................................. 86 Figure 29: Renewable policies overview in Slovakia since 2010 ................................................................... 88 Figure 30: Renewable policies overview in Slovenia since 2009 ................................................................... 92 Figure 31: Renewable policies overview in Spain since 2000 ....................................................................... 95 Figure 32: Renewable policies overview in Sweden since 2003 ................................................................... 97 Figure 33: Renewable policies overview in the United Kingdom since 2003 ................................................ 99 Figure 34: Renewable policies overview in Albania since 2007 .................................................................. 104 Figure 35: Renewable policies overview in Bosnia since 2009 ................................................................... 106 Figure 36: Renewable policies overview in North Macedonia since 2009 .................................................. 110 Figure 37: Renewable policies overview in Norway since 2012 .................................................................. 112 Figure 38: Renewable policies overview in Serbia since 2009 .................................................................... 114 Figure 39: Renewable policies overview in Switzerland since 2009 ........................................................... 117 Figure 40: Renewable policies overview in Turkey since 2005 ................................................................... 121 Figure 41: Renewable policies overview in Ukraine since 2009 .................................................................
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