DOCSLIB.ORG

~ Jhllesseb C!Cbristmas! to T4£ C3fnohtn 2Ffilisstons

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
~ Jhllesseb C!Cbristmas! to T4£ C3fnohtn 2Ffilisstons r c-cc..; O-~~ % lO·- .z ­ -1 0.(1) , :; -tHE ::0 0'" , rt2JZ> c: C', :i - r- r HI) ;.0 \ (/) t 1 NC'· (It i IN DIA~~.~REC ORD ~ . en e: N l < ()(n \ $s/o"t>' · 1' .., :O - j VOL. XVIII, No, 10 OTTAWA, CANADA DE " Q = \ en f ~ .r QI4ril?itn:1 \ ~ Jhllesseb C!Cbristmas! to t4£ c3fnohtn 2ffilisstons ERY seldom is the idea V stressed that one should enjoy all good things made by the Lord. The celebration of 'the Holy Feast of Christmas, as well as that of New Year, gives \JS occasion to invite our readers to share fully the true Christian joy which was brought to us the night the Angels sang the " Gloria in Excel is 1" Christmas means so much to Catholics that the Church allows the celebration of the Mass three times, so no one need be deprived of Mass and Communio n on that hallowed day. In more than five hundred mis­ sion stations, from the 'fog-bound coast of t he Atlantic, across the snowy reaches of the eastern pro­ vinces, the blizzard-swept prai­ ries and the ice-laden Rockies, to the rainy Icoast of the Pacific, and north to the desertic wastes of the dark rfrigid land that reaches .far beyond the Arctic circle, missionaries by the hun­ dreds will . celebrate Christmas with their flocks. The misSionary will have braved storm and wind, often travelling hundreds of miles away . _from the central mission resi­ dence, to bring Christmas joy to his p eciple, be they a mere hand­ ful , huddled Ifor warmth around the little mission chapel stove. There, at midnight, the wheezy organ will play the traditional hymns, the small crib will be the LIVING WITNESSES TO CHRIST'! center of attraction, while the altar will be ablaze with candles RCHBISHOP M. J. Le­ Archbishop Lemieux said to his On reservations we see the same and vigil-lights. A mieux of Ottawa once re­ people. "When you see the words, signs of pagan influence that In the most remote and deso­ called in a letter to the Sacred pagan world', you might be in­ Archbishop Lemieux points out to late mission station, the majestic Heart League of his Archdiocese inclined to think that they do his people: careless language and rite of Midnight Mass will be words of the Holy Father that not apply to our country." behavior ; mortification an al­ performed with the S3!me respect, we, too, might remember as we But he points out that they do most forgotten pmctice; persons devotion and spirit of adoration look upon the Infant Christ in apply to us fo r our own land i who think the Church is behind as in the greatest cathedral of the the manger. subject to all sorts o'f influences the times, is too strict and that world. His Holiness said: "Today, foreign to our beliefs and which she should take up the slacker Dear Indian reader, consider more than ever before, as in the are a menace to the morals and and easier custom and h3!bits of faith of our youth. modern times the sacrifices made by your .mis­ earliest days of its existence, the His words - addressed to the sionaray in order to bring you Church needs witnesses who by people of his own Archdiocese - Hence apostles are needed to spiritual and ' temporal happiness bring our environment back to their lives will show Christ and could well be addressed to Catho­ on Christmas-Day. He is human Christ and purify a civilization the Church before the eyes of the lic Indians for they, too, " are too - he would have the right that ha adopted money and pagan world that urrounds ubject to all sorts of influence to enjoy Christmas at home, like them". f orei O' n -to thei r belief ' . (Contd. p. 2, col. 4) (Contd. p. 2, col. 3) Page 2 THE INDIAN :MISSIONARY ltECOn.n DECEMBER, 1955 RELIGIOUS CEREMONY IN GERMANY QI4ristUtUS @r££iings ••. LIVING WITNESSES (from p. 1, col. 3) (from p. 1, col. 4) pampers the body to the detri­ all of you - but he is perhaps ment of the soul. six thousand miles away from a Today: more than ever before, home he may not have visited in the Church needs Indians who, ten years. He brushes away his instead of adop ting pagan in­ nostalgic childhood memories and fluences, will b e living witnesses does his very best to shower joy to Christ, following the example and hap piness to all. And he is of the saints pictured on p. 1 with truly hap.py in doing so ! ylary and Her Divine Child, The only cloud which brings Gregory the Great, John the Bap­ sorrow is the knowledge that, on tist, John the Apostle, Julian, the sacred Christmas night, too Dominic and Francis. many of his >flock will not be G.L., o.m.i. partaking of Holy Communion, nor even be present at Church. CHIEF TOM And this, not on account oJ snow­ DIES AT 111 "Our Lady of Canada" Catholic Church situated in the Canadian Camp blocked roads, nor of illness, but POWELL RIVER - Chief near Iserlohn, Germany, was the scene of a recent presentation of hand­ because too many, be they ever Tom, Ill-year-old former chief of carved plaques by members of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry so few, are celebrating Christmas the Sliammon tribe is dead. and the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. the modern and pagan way: feast­ (Nat ional Defence Photo) The chief, one of the oldest per­ ing, drinking, dancing. sons in the province, headed his tribe until he was defeated in tribal Yet, after Mass is over, he will elections in 1950. dispense gladly his humble treas­ He was with the Indian party Dokis Builds Own Road ures, even to the late-comers, which paddled a canoe from Sli­ toys, clothing, candies, which ammon creek to New Westminster, DOKIS BAY, Ont. - T he Indians at D okis Bay reserve in were piled neatly under the a distance of nearly 75 miles, to bring the first missionary to the northern Ontario are building their own road to b ring their hardwood Christmas tree in the mission hall. logs from the reservation to Sturgeon F alls, Ont. , fo r sale. tribe in 1890. Dear Indian reader, do enjoy He received a telegram from Eight veneer logs from the large river by means of a $10,000 bridge King George VI thanking him for stand of hardwood in the district which they are paying for themsel­ Christmas, the greatest gift of the a canoe which he built and was bring the Indians income of $100, ves. Lord, by receiving Holy Com­ used in the coronation parade. but for years lack of an adequate Quick Access munion and by sharing with He also received a telegram road, has made it almost impossible others, like your missionary, your from the King, congratulating him to transport the logs to the Stur­ Sale of logs is not the only bene­ gifts and p resents, in the sight of on his 100th birthday. geon Falls mill. fit the Indians see in the eight­ the Divine Babe lying in the Chief Tom was buried in Powell For years they have asked the mile highway. It also means quick River. access to medical help at Sturgeon humble crib at your mission R. I. P. province to build the road, but last Falls if a band member becomes chap el. year the tragic death by drowning sick. of a band member while returning Father G. Laviolette, O.:M.I. Indian Population home from a shopping trip led to "The Indians also feel the road a council meeting at which band will serve as a graphic example In B.C. Increasing members decided to build the road of the fact that the first citizens British Columbia'S Indian popu­ themselves. of Canada are not persons to be In Eskimoland lation is on the increase, F. Earl Edward Dokis, 38, the father of treated as children," writes report­ Anfield, Indian Agent from Van­ er Victor Laberge of the North .oTTAWA -- Rev. Paul Del­ couver, told the annual meeting six children, died while negotiating tombe, an Oblate missionary fa­ the old tote road and crossing Bay, Ont., Nugget. of the B.C. Indian Arts and Wel­ through the frozen area of muskeg ther, has just ~returned to Ottawa fare Society, recently. "They are just as ambitious and after eight years in the Arctic. The Indian population which for and swamp. But in future, the full of initiative as any other Ca­ Indians will have a fine road to Father Deltombe was stationed years was on the decline due large­ nadian. All they ask is a chance ly to deaths from tuberculosis, was travel and will cross the French to prove it." with another priest at the lonely Eskimo mission at Ivuyivik on the now growing rapidly, he said. There are about 20 homes in the Hudson Strait. He will spend the The 'population has reached the 33,000 mark. THE attractive Indian village at Dokis winter in his homeland, Belgium, Bay on the French River. Most and return next spring to his mis­ Indian Missionary Record of the families have their own out­ sionary work in the north. Tolem-Pol'e 'Carver A NAT IONAL PUBLICATION board motorboats which provide He said money was no problem NANAIMO, B.C. - A skilled FOR THE INDIANS OF CANADA transportation during the summer in the little community of 150 months.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Inhabiting New France: Bodies, Environment and the Sacred, C.1632-C.1700
    Inhabiting New France: Bodies, Environment and the Sacred, c.1632-c.1700 Robin Macdonald PhD University of York History September 2015 2 Abstract The historiography of colonial and ‘religious’ encounters in New France has tended to focus on encounters between human beings, between ‘colonisers’ and ‘colonised’ or ‘natives’ and ‘newcomers’. This thesis will focus on encounters between people and environment. Drawing on recent anthropology, notably the work of Tim Ingold, it will argue that whilst bodies shaped environment, environment also could shape bodies – and their associated religious practices. Through the examination of a broad variety of source materials – in particular, the Jesuit Relations – this thesis will explore the myriad ways in which the sacred was created and experienced between c.1632 and c.1700. Beginning with the ocean crossing to New France – an area largely unexplored in the historiographical literature – it will argue that right from the outset of a missionary’s journey, his or her practices were shaped by encounters with both humans and non-humans, by weather or the stormy Ocean Sea. Reciprocally, it will argue, missionary bodies and practices could shape these environments. Moving next to the mission terrain, it will analyse a variety spaces – both environmental and imaginary – tracing the slow build up of belief through habitual practices. Finally, it will chart the movement of missionaries and missionary correspondence from New France back to France. It was not only missionaries, it will argue, who could experience
    [Show full text]
  • People of the Dawnland and the Enduring Pursuit of a Native Atlantic World
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE “THE SEA OF TROUBLE WE ARE SWIMMING IN”: PEOPLE OF THE DAWNLAND AND THE ENDURING PURSUIT OF A NATIVE ATLANTIC WORLD A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By MATTHEW R. BAHAR Norman, Oklahoma 2012 “THE SEA OF TROUBLE WE ARE SWIMMING IN”: PEOPLE OF THE DAWNLAND AND THE ENDURING PURSUIT OF A NATIVE ATLANTIC WORLD A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY ______________________________ Dr. Joshua A. Piker, Chair ______________________________ Dr. Catherine E. Kelly ______________________________ Dr. James S. Hart, Jr. ______________________________ Dr. Gary C. Anderson ______________________________ Dr. Karl H. Offen © Copyright by MATTHEW R. BAHAR 2012 All Rights Reserved. For Allison Acknowledgements Crafting this dissertation, like the overall experience of graduate school, occasionally left me adrift at sea. At other times it saw me stuck in the doldrums. Periodically I was tossed around by tempestuous waves. But two beacons always pointed me to quiet harbors where I gained valuable insights, developed new perspectives, and acquired new momentum. My advisor and mentor, Josh Piker, has been incredibly generous with his time, ideas, advice, and encouragement. His constructive critique of my thoughts, methodology, and writing (I never realized I was prone to so many split infinitives and unclear antecedents) was a tremendous help to a graduate student beginning his career. In more ways than he probably knows, he remains for me an exemplar of the professional historian I hope to become. And as a barbecue connoisseur, he is particularly worthy of deference and emulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Wabanaki Women Religious Practitioners
    WABANAKI WOMEN RELIGIOUS PRACTITIONERS by Leah Wherry B.A., University of New Brunswick, 2003 A Thesis, Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in the Graduate Academic Unit of Anthropology Supervisor: Evelyn Plaice, PhD., Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, UNB Examining Board: Peter Lovell, PhD., Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, UNB External Examiner: Wendy Robbins, PhD, Department of English, UNB This thesis, dissertation or report is accepted by the Dean of Graduate Studies THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK February 2007 © Leah Wherry, 2007 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-49807-1 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-49807-1 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these.
    [Show full text]
  • Part L the Jesuit Role in the Founding of Christianity at Sault Ste. Marie
    HISTORY OF THE PRECIOUS BLOOD CATHEDRAL Part l The Jesuit Role in the Founding of Christianity at Sault Ste. Marie The history of Precious Blood Cathedral is undoubtedly tied to the establishment of Christianity and the Roman Catholic faith here at Sault Ste. Marie and in the Great Lakes region. It is hoped that the following will both inform and give value to what was done for the faith so many years ago. The great age of European expansion in the 16th and 17th centuries brought the first wave of French explorers to the shores of North America. The ultimate goal was the discovery of an overland route to the Pacific Ocean and beyond, to the riches of the Orient. Notable among these early adventurers are such names as Jacques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain who repeatedly risked crossing the Atlantic Ocean in an effort to establish a foothold in the ‘New World’ for France and for the greater glory of God. The strong religious fervor of the previous century led to the establishment of a number of Catholic missionary orders devoted to proclaiming the Gospel so that all non-Christian souls might be brought into the light and the love of Jesus Christ. State and Church aligned to achieve their objectives of discovery and evangelization. The ‘Recollects’, a French religious order following the rule of St. Francis, arrived at the close of the 16th century, and although they evidently reached the Great Lakes region, were unable to establish themselves in numbers necessary to be successful. It is recorded that they, the Recollects, actually requested the assistance of the recently established ‘Society of Jesus’ to take on this daunting task.
    [Show full text]
  • In John Pynchon's Letter of 1663
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of Anthropology Papers Department of Anthropology 2006 Locating “Wissatinnewag” in John Pynchon’s Letter of 1663 Margaret Bruchac University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Peter Thomas Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/anthro_papers Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Bruchac, M., & Thomas, P. (2006). Locating “Wissatinnewag” in John Pynchon’s Letter of 1663. Historical Journal of Massachusetts, 34 (1), 56-82. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/anthro_papers/105 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/anthro_papers/105 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Locating “Wissatinnewag” in John Pynchon’s Letter of 1663 Abstract The place name “Wissatinnewag” appears in only a single document preserved in the English colonial records: a letter from John Pynchon written on July 28, 1663. The original letter, written in English, is now missing, and only a printed text and a Dutch translation survive. Today, some assume that the name refers to a Native American Indian village situated in the present-day town of Gill, Massachusetts, along the northern shore of the Connecticut River near Turners Falls.1 There appears to be no other surviving seventeenth century manuscript or primary source that confirms this name for this location. The archaeological evidence and oral traditions of Native use of the falls for millenia are indisputable, but there is no indication that a separate tribal nation lived there, nor that the residents of this site were engaged in diplomatic relations with John Pynchon. Furthermore, the association of Wissatinnewag with the Connecticut River Valley overlooks the complex history then unfolding in western Massachusetts and eastern New York, where Pynchon was trying to negotiate peace with the Mohawk and Mohican and establish a truck house to expand the potentially lucrative fur trade with them.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter One the Jesuit Heritage in Maine
    CHAPTER ONE THE JESUIT HERITAGE IN MAINE The presence of the Jesuits in the Pine Tree State not only antedates their arrival in any of the remaining New England States but it precedes the establishment of the Diocese of Portland on 29 July 1853 by almost 250years. In surveying the Jesuit connection with the State of Maine before and after the Diocese of Portland came into existence, it will be helpful to study the early period of the seventeenth and eighteenth cen­ turies when the Jesuits served the Indians of Maine, the modem period of the nineteenth century when the Jesuits strengthened the foundations of the Catholic Church in Maine, and the contemporary period of the twentieth century when the Jesuits continue their service to the people of Maine. I The coming of the Jesuits to Maine began when Father Pierre Biard, a French Jesuit, traveled the rivers of the St. John, St. Croix, Penobscot and Kennebec in the summer and fall of 1611. As far back as 1604, Samuel de Champlain, a friend of the Jesuits in later years at Quebec, had explored the coast of Maine and helped to establish the first European colony on St. Croix Island. Father Biard's journey led him not only to this French settlement but to Bangor, where he hoped to establish a mission; to Castine, where he cared for a sick warrior of the Etchemins; and to islands, like Matinicus and Monhegan, where he helped to plant the Holy Cross, the Christian symbof that he used to instruct the Indians. His ministry to the Indians of Maine was historic because he offered the first recorded Mass in New England on an island, presumably Swan Island, near the entrance of the Kennebec River on November 1st.
    [Show full text]
  • Et Les Abénaquis 2. La Rivière Chaudière
    La rivière Chaudière, un chemin d’eau Par M. Roger Gagné Retraité de l'enseignement Histoire et géographie Collaboration : Linda Champagne Le 1er décembre 2015 En page couverture, photographies: 1- Rivière Chaudière, Rapides du Diable, Mme Linda Champagne. 2- Rivière Chaudière, Estacades de la Brown Co., Ville de Sainte-Marie. Tous droits réservés 2016 Société historique Sartigan Saint-Georges ISBM: 978-2-9806946-3-9 Dépôt légal-Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec 2016 Préface M. Roger Gagné, un enseignant passionné d'histoire et de géographie, a côtoyé de nombreux étudiants pendant trente-cinq années à la Commission scolaire de la Beauce-Etchemin. Je fus l'une de ses élèves et, en 2014, j'ai eu le privilège de recevoir son soutien pour l'écriture de ce cahier historique, dans le cadre du projet « Au Cœur de notre Rivière Chaudière » élaboré grâce à l'implication de citoyens et d'organismes de la région de la Beauce. Pour le sujet du cahier, je lui ai alors demandé de répondre à la question suivante: « En quoi la géographie de la rivière Chaudière a-t-elle tracé le cours de certains événements historiques de la Beauce, et même de la Nouvelle-France? ». Au nom du comité de travail des Ambassadeurs de la rivière Chaudière, je remercie donc M. Roger Gagné de partager avec nous ses connaissances et de nous laisser un autre héritage de ses enseignements. Par ses écrits, M. Gagné a ciblé des notions historiques et géographiques importantes en lien avec la rivière Chaudière, depuis les années « du début de la Nouvelle-France » jusqu'en 1907, afin de rappeler à la mémoire collective certains faits marquants de notre histoire.
    [Show full text]
  • Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 16
    Library of Congress Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 16 REPUTED PORTRAIT OF MARQUETTE From oil painting by unknown artist, discovered in Montreal in 1897 COLLECTIONS OF THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF WISCONSIN EDITED BY REUBEN GOLD THWAITES Secretary and Superintendent of the Society VOL. XVI The French Regime in Wisconsin—I 1634–1727 WISCONSIN STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY MADISON PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY 1002 IN EXCHANGE Wis. His. Soc. Published by Authority of Law 2,500 COPIES PRINTED F576 W81 DEMOCRAT PRINTING CO., MADISON, STATE PRINTER CONTENTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 16 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689e Library of Congress PAGE Reputed Portrait of Jacques Marquette, S.J. Frontispiece Officers of the Society ix Preface xi THE FRENCH REGIME IN WISCONSIN—I DOCUMENTS 1634: Jean Nicolet's Visit to Wisconsin 1 1640–60: Tribes And Tribal Wars about Green Bay 3 1653–55: First Iroquois Raid into Wisconsin. 10 1656–62: The Ottawas and Hurons flee to Wisconsin: Hostilities between them and the Sioux 14 1658–61: Radisson and Groseilliers in Wisconsin 21 1660–61: First Jesuit Mission among the Ottawas 21 1660–61: Ménard's Labors and Death 22 1662–72: Relations between the Wisconsin Tribes and the Sioux 25 1665: Allouez describes Lake Superior 31 1665–66: Perrot visits the Wisconsin Tribes, and induces them to become Allies of the French 32; 1665–67: Religious Beliefs and Superstitions of the Upper Algonkin Tribes. 50 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 16 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689e Library of Congress 1665–68: Allouez's Account of Various Tribes 55 1665–69: Allouez's Mission at Lake Superior 59 1670: Galinée and Dollier de Casson at Sault Ste.
    [Show full text]
  • Jesuit Conversion Efforts in Seventeenth-Century Acadia
    Maine History Volume 49 Number 2 Maine Agriculture Article 5 6-1-2015 Rosaries, Disease, and Storehouse Keys: Jesuit Conversion Efforts in Seventeenth-Century Acadia Heather Sanford Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mainehistoryjournal Part of the Cultural History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Missions and World Christianity Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Sanford, Heather. "Rosaries, Disease, and Storehouse Keys: Jesuit Conversion Efforts in Seventeenth- Century Acadia." Maine History 49, 2 (2015): 204-224. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/ mainehistoryjournal/vol49/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maine History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Iron axe head, Auburn, ca. 1700. Iron goods discovered with other Native American artifacts provide evidence of cross-cultural trading and exchange. Collections of the Maine Historical Society. ROSARIES, DISEASE, AND STOREHOUSE KEYS: JESUIT CONVERSION EFFORTS IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ACADIA BY HEATHER SANFORD Throughout the seventeenth century, contests over medicinal orthodoxy between American Indians and Jesuit missionaries revealed the limits of compromise and communicated the values that determined the extent of their cooperation. When French Jesuits arrived in Acadia in 1611, they became witnesses to an epidemic that eventually eliminated an over - whelming majority of the Native population. Publicly proclaiming their desire to save souls, the priests converted disease into an evangelical tool. They began to use healing to persuade Wabanakis of the grace, power, and superiority of the Christian god.
    [Show full text]
  • France and the St. Lawrence Mission Villages in War and Peace, 1630-1730
    IN EACH OTHER’S ARMS: FRANCE AND THE ST. LAWRENCE MISSION VILLAGES IN WAR AND PEACE, 1630-1730. by JEAN-FRANÇOIS LOZIER A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Graduate Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Jean-François Lozier (2012) In Each Other’s Arms: France and the St. Lawrence Mission Villages in War and Peace, 1630-1730 Jean-François Lozier Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto 2012 Abstract Beginning in the late 1630s, a diversity of Algonquian and Iroquoian peoples established under the auspices of Jesuit and, later, Sulpician missionaries a string of village communities in the St. Lawrence Valley. A diversity of peoples, whom the French lumped under the rubrics of “Algonquins”, “Montagnais”, “Hurons”, “Iroquois”, “Abenakis” and “Loups”, migrated to these villages in the hope of bettering their lives in trying times. This dissertation retraces the formation and the early development of these communities, exploring the entangled influence of armed conflict, diplomacy, kinship, and leadership on migration, community-building, and identity formation. The historiography of the St. Lawrence Valley – the French colonial heartland in North America – has tended to relegate these Aboriginal communities to the margins. Moreover, those scholars who have considered the formation of mission villages have tended to emphasize missionary initiative. Here, these villages are reimagined as a joint creation, the result of intersecting French and Aboriginal desires, needs, and priorities. The significance of these villages as sites of refuge becomes readily apparent, the trajectories of individual communities corresponding with the escalation of conflict or with ii its tense aftermath.
    [Show full text]
  • Nicolas Perrot from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Nicolas Perrot From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Nicolas Perrot sketch Nicolas Perrot (1644–1717), explorer, diplomat, and fur trader, was one of the first white men in the Upper Mississippi Valley. Statute of Nicolas Perrot (far right) in front of historic Brown County Courthouse, Green Bay, Wisconsin. 1 Map showing Nicolas Perrot’s travels and where he helped establish forts. Nicolas Perrot and his men founded the Fort called Saint Antoine in the spring of 1686 on the eastern shore of Lake Pepin. The purpose of this expedition was to establish alliances with the Ioway and Dakota Indians in order to expand French interests in the fur trade market. Although Perrot's venture was not the first French excursion into the upper Mississippi Valley, his was the first attempt to establish a foothold in this region Biography Born in France, he came to New France around 1660 with Jesuits and had the opportunity to visit Indian tribes and learn their languages. He formed a fur trading company around 1667 and undertook expeditions to various tribes and land in and around present-day Wisconsin. He was sometimes the first white man seen by the native peoples and was generally well received. In 1670 he was an interpreter for Daumont de Saint-Lusson, a French commissary assigned to the country of the Ottawas, Amikwas, Illinois, and other Indian natives to be discovered in the direction of Lake Superior. He continued to travel around these areas and engaged in fur trading, giving the natives such items as cooking kettles and hatchets (to replace stone tools).
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting Pocumtuck History in Deerfield: George Sheldon's Vanishing Indian
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of Anthropology Papers Department of Anthropology 6-2011 Revisiting Pocumtuck History in Deerfield: George Sheldon’s Vanishing Indian Act Margaret Bruchac University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/anthro_papers Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Bruchac, M. (2011). Revisiting Pocumtuck History in Deerfield: George Sheldon’s Vanishing Indian Act. Historical Journal of Massachusetts, 39 (1-2), 30-77. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/ anthro_papers/106 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/anthro_papers/106 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Revisiting Pocumtuck History in Deerfield: George Sheldon’s Vanishing Indian Act Abstract During the first seven decades of the English fur trade in the middle Connecticut River valley of Massachusetts, the Pocumtuck, Nonotuck, Sokoki, and other Native American tribal nations were densely documented and actively engaged in intercultural trade, diplomacy, and conflict. Amid the increasing hostilities of the 1670s to the mid-1700s, the valley's Native people largely folded into the populations of surrounding tribes, and documentation on them diminished. During the 1800s, Deerfield historian George Sheldon depicted this complex history as an Indian vanishing act and refused to acknowledge the presence of living Native descendants. Keywords ARRAY(0x7f54f6e0eb58) Disciplines Anthropology | Social and Behavioral Sciences This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/anthro_papers/106 30 Historical Journal of Massachusetts • Summer 2011 George Sheldon, 1895 George Sheldon (1818-1916) strikes a confident pose surrounded by the tools of his trade. Staring directly at the camera, the seventy-seven-year- old historian is depicted at the height of his career in 1895, the year the first volume of his History of Deerfield was published.
    [Show full text]