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New England Province History

12-1940 The esJ uit Seminary News Jesuit Seminary Guild All physical materials associated with the New England Province Archive are currently held by the Jesuit Archives in St. Louis, MO. Any inquiries about these materials should be directed to the Jesuit Archives (http://jesuitarchives.org/). Electronic versions of some items and the descriptions and finding aids to the Archives, which are hosted in CrossWorks, are provided only as a courtesy.

Digitized Record Information Jesuit Seminary Guild, "The eJ suit Seminary News" (1940). New England Province History. 3. https://crossworks.holycross.edu/nenprovhistory/3 < i

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AINTLY FATHER AND FOUNDER OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS, to you we dedicate these pages as a grateful salute of S soldiers to our Leader. It was your intrepid spirit that called forth a Company of Jesus Christ to do battle for Him. To these ranks the Divine Captain has called each one of us. Were it not for you, Ignatius of Loyola, there would be no long line of regiments to lead us on; and no glorious heritage of forefathers for the past four hundred years to hand us down their honored shields. They have fallen as heroes in the battle that we, too, may be valiant of heart. Gratefully and prayerfully we plead: make us worthy of you, Ignatius, and of those who have lived and died for Christ. Give us the grace in sacrifice and suffering to emulate our Saints and martyrs. Their record is a scroll of glory for you: make it for us your sons of today a clarion challenge to achieve' ment. Make us, Father, humble and prayerful: take from us the seeds of self-glorifying satisfaction in the warfare we have waged, and grant to us the same Divine restlessness that enflamed your heart, and the irresistible ardor that was yours when four hundred years ago you cried, Ad maiorem Dei Gloriam.

His Eminence

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T length they have reached the sacred City. And steadfastly per­ g severing in the bonds of charity and seeking to perfect and per­ •4 &egtoum jWtlttantte Ccclestae petuate the ties which bound them together as one Society in Christ, they have formulated a plan of life based upon the evangelical counsels and the cononical sanctions of the Fathers and regulated by those prin­ -m m ciples, which experience had taught them to be conducive to the end $0 of $ope $aul MS which they proposed unto themselves. In consequence, the manner of life instituted by this body of Companions and embraced within the '1 I**'-. • s*. m. aforesaid formula not only elicited the praise of many virtuous men fa 3ft RESIDING, as We do, by God's Providence over the government burning with zeal for God, but even won the approbation of some souls I:. . ' of the Church Militant, albeit Our qualifications fall short of that to such a degree as to awaken within them a longing to adopt this plan trust; and diligently seeking with mingled anxiety and zeal the salvation of life also for themselves. .v8 Hi*'- of souls conformably to the obligations of Our pastoral office, We spon­ $••••••: 31N view of the fact, then, that this formula of life contains nothing taneously cherish with the affectionate esteem of Our Apostolic favor foreign to piety and holiness and in order that the selfsame Com­ all the faithful, who manifest a desire to be the recipients of that esteem; panions, who have most humbly entreated Us to accede to their petition, \4 and moreover, We dispose of their services in various wise according W may manifest greater alacrity in following their holy rule of life in pro­ to the measure of that greater advantage and profit, which in the Lord portion to the greater favor with which they recognize themselves to be We perceive to be presaged by circumstances of time and place. embraced by the Apostolic See, We with Apostolic authority and by the *". tenor of these presents and out of Our certain knowledge do aoprove, 4 J90W We learned but recently that Our beloved sons Ignatius Loyola f establish, bless and confirm with the strength of perpetual stability this ~ and Peter Faber and James Laynez, Claude le Jay and Paschase holy rule of life in its entirety and in its each several part as being con­ ducive to the spiritual perfection of the selfsame Companions and the Brouet and Francis Xavier, Alphonsus Salmeron and Simon Rodriquez rest of the flock of Christ; and We embrace the Companions themselves '3 and John Codure and Nicholas Bobadilla — priests of the cities of rf't under Our protection and under the shelter of this Apostolic See, the Pampeluna, Ceba, Siguenza, Toledo, Vizeu, Embrun and Palencia and while We grant to them the power freely and lawfully to draw up ..••it the corresponding diocesan sees — after graduating with the degree of '.••.'*J among themselves particular Constitutions, which in their judgment are Master of Arts from the University of Paris and spending many years jfefiv. • in conformity with the end of this Society and the glory of Our Lord in theological studies have under the illumination of the Holy Spirit, I-•:•,-.. Jesus Christ and the service of the neighbor. as it is piously believed, forsaken various parts of the world to bind HP" JSOTWITHSTANDING the constitutions and ordinations of the $t H*' themselves together. Fashioned in this wise into a body of Companions, General Council and of Our Predecessor, Pope Gregory X of they have renounced the allurements of this life and have consecrated I- happy memory, and any other Apostolic constitutions and ordinations •:-4 I" their lives to the perpetual service of Our Lord Jesus Christ and to ./it!I whatsoever, and notwithstanding anything else to the contrary. Our service and that of Our Successors, the Roman Pontiffs. M 7JT shall, therefore, be unlawful for any person whomsoever to attempt fc -4 /IpVEN now over a long span of years they have toiled in the vineyard any infringement of this document of Our approbation, establish­ ment, blessing, confirmation, acceptance, concession and will, or with of the Lord. For upon obtaining the necessary faculties, they have audacious daring to contradict it. If, however, any one shall have the publicly preached the word of God — the while they have in private presumption to attempt this, let him know that he shall thus incur the exhorted the faithful to a good and holy life and urged them to the wrath of Almighty God and of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul. practice of pious meditation. They have attended the sick in hospitals if** /1&IVEN at Rome, at Saint Mark's, the twenty-seventh day of Septem­ and have instructed boys and unlettered persons in all that is requisite ber, in the fifteenhundre d and fortieth year after the Incarnation for the Christian formation of man. In fine, wherever their journeys of Our Lord, the sixth year of Our Pontificate. have brought them, they have merited high praise by their performance ,M of all the works of charity, which make for the solace of souls.

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DECEMBER, 1940 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS There is another reason also why We should heartily congratulate you on this occasion and exhort you with fatherly affection. We are aware, gpostoltc Hetter of $te holmes*, $tus: #33, indeed, that your Society from its very origin devoted itself wholeheartedly and with all its strength to the safeguarding of the Catholic faith in all its purity and fullness against the manifold deceits of erroneous doctrine, to the NINTEEN HUNDRED AND FORTY vindication of the most sacred rights of the Church and of the Roman Pontiffs, and, lastly, to the propagation of the Christian religion by apos­ tolic men, who sowed the divine word among all nations. . . . And here the BY DIVINE PROVIDENCE POPE, names of those men of eminent holiness come to Our mind, who like Peter Canisius and Robert Bellarmine. . . . Peter Claver and John Francis Regis To His BELOVED SON, and Francis Geronimo. * * * * And if the enemies of the Divine Redeemer and of the Church have ^lobimir Hebocfjotosifet persecuted your religious Society with a particular hatred and animosity, that must redound not to your discredit but to your highest praise; for whoever SUPERIOR GENERAL OF THE follows Christ the Lord with utmost fidelity and love productive of great deeds must, in a certain measure, necessarily incur the odium and execration SOCIETY OF JESUS, of depraved men. ... In persecutions, then, of all kinds, in accusations and ON THE OCCASION OF calumnies, do not lose heart; but mindful of the saying "Blessed are they that suffer persecution for justice's sake, for theirs is the kingdom of THE FOURTH CENTENARY OF THE heaven," carry on with enthusiastic zeal the holy works you have begun, rejoicing exceedingly like the Apostles "that you have been accounted FOUNDATION OF THE SAID SOCIETY worthy to suffer reproach for the name of Jesus." * * * * ELOVED SON: Nor do We wish on this occasion to pass over in silence the high com­ Greeting and the Apostolic Benediction. You doubtless know how mendation won by your Society throughout these four centuries by the moral Bdear to Us and how highly esteemed by Us is the Family of Ignatius, and intellectual education of youth. which you have governed with diligence and prudence for the past twenty- * * * * five years. It will be no surprise to you, then, if now, when four hun­ A strong support is given to this work of education by those organiza­ dred years have passed since Our Predecessor of undying memory, Paul III, tions of piety and the Christian apostolate, known as the Sodalities of Mary, in his Apostolic Letter Regimini Militantis Ecclesiae approved the Society which the Church has at her call like to so many picked auxiliaries, enlisted of Jesus and duly established it by apostolic authority, we wish to take in the ranks of peace under the standard of the Virgin Mary. Continue, part in your solemn celebration and share in your joy. Indeed, that joy, though then, with your accustomed zeal to promote these holy enterprises, and do not it seems just now to be overcast with a cloud of sorrow, due to the distressful imagine that any forethought on your part can be so effective that none and alarming circumstances of the time, none the less is equally the joy of greater need be exercised. the universal Church, which is deeply indebted to your religious society The new times in which we live demand, it is true, even in spiritual for its glorious record of service during this long lapse of time. It is Our lines new undertakings, works and safeguards, by which suitable provi­ pleasure today to recall in a brief summary the memory of those glorious sion may be made for the changed and increasing needs of this our age. In deeds, and this not only to solace Ourselves and you, but also that all of keeping with your ardent zeal do not neglect these means and strive to you, while pondering with grateful hearts upon the brilliant achievements bring it about that whatever this adult age may introduce may contribute which God in His providence has effected through your forefathers and in fuller and fitter measure to strengthening at home and extending abroad yourselves during the course of these four hundred years, may offer enduring the Reign of Jesus Christ. thanks to the same Heavenly Father and at the same time, trusting in His * * * * providence, may derive from these memories encouragement to go on with May they win for you in fullest measure the divine favor and most undiminished strength in the advancement of the greater glory of God and abundant fruits of sanctity and of the apostolate from the Most Sacred Heart the salvation of souls. of Jesus, the love and worship of which you strive to instill and foster in * * * * every class of men, especially through what is called the Apostleship of It is a matter of common knowledge that in this number of holy men, who Prayer. as "star from star differ in glory", Ignatius of Loyola held a place of highest * * * * eminence and that the Society founded by him took a large share in those Meanwhile, We impart, most cordially, to you, beloved Son, and to all laborious enterprises. Justly and deservedly so. For, to quote the words of the religious of the Society of Jesus and to their students the Apostolic Our immediate Predecessor of happy memory, "History bears witness . . . Benediction, as a pledge of heavenly blessings and a token of Our fatherly that the Catholic world, fortified by the aid Ignatius had so seasonably affection. provided, began speedily to recover its vigor. It would be no easy task to Given at Rome, at St. Peter's, the sixth day of July, the Octave of the recount the many and great works wrought by the Society of Jesus for the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul, in the year 1940, the second of Our Pontificate. glory of God under the initiative and leadership of Ignatius." Pius PP. XII

4 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 5 Reprinted—from The Pilot, Oct. 5, 1940 Liberty—license, not liberty. There can be no civilized life without obedi­ ence to the will of God. • St. Ignatius recited the Lord's Prayer, as we do, and as if by a flash he realized he had been saying that wonderful prayer in a casual way, as we CARDINAL PRESIDES AT sometimes do. What was the meaning of the petition: "Thy kingdom come"? He lived in a kingdom; he knew what it meant. It meant some­ body at the head with laws to restrain license, and to compel order, because JESUIT CENTENARY MASS without order there can be no civilized life. "Thy kingdom come," He served the court, he knew that sort of king­ dom was not the kingdom of God, although it might lead to the kingdom of SOLEMN SERVICES MARK 400 YEARS OF SOCIETY'S WORK God. Nevertheless, it was a worldly kingdom with abuses and it was not "Thy kingdom." His Eminence Recalls Heroic Virtues and Deeds of St. Ignatius Loyola in The next phrase petitons: "Thy will be done." There is the unity of the Address Given at Immaculate Conception Church kingdom of God. But Saint Ignatius knew perfectly well just at that time the trend of everything outside of the Church, to let everyone have his own way. "My will be done." That is not the command of Christ but the word of a HE 400th anniversary of the confirmation of the Society of Jesus by tyrant, the command of the totalitarian, producing absolute discord and Pope Paul III was fittingly commemorated on Sunday, September 29th, chaos then as it does today. Twith a Solemn Mass of Thanksgiving celebrated in the Church of the That is the essence of the fight today between Christianity and the forces Immaculate Conception, Harrison Avenue, Boston. The venerable edifice of evil. It is all summed up in that phrase, the difference between "Thy will was filled to overflowing with a congregation which included priests, Sisters, be done," and "My will be done." It was the task of St. Ignatius to show scholastics of the Society, and students and alumni, with many others from the world the difference. You cannot have it both ways. It must be Thy all parts of the Diocese. will, not my will. In the sanctuary, presiding at the solemn function and afterward ad­ That is the force which is bringing unhappiness to the world today—self- dressing the great gathering was His Eminence the Cardinal, most dis­ will. Wilfulness is the gospel being preached and we are seeing the fruits tinguished alumnus of Boston College, whose presence and words brought of it because when all of the world is trying to have its own way then comes a very special joy and satisfaction to the Jesuit Community, their students a Master Will, the tyrant. That is what we see, today, the iron will of a few and guests. men dominating millions. Why? Because the people will not realize the sac- The Cardinal voiced his feelings on this momentous occasion in words redness of that prayer, "Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done." We are which were a blending of tenderness and the sterner emotions, for in this taught to be proud of being wilful. Then comes the confusion of hopeless instance he was impelled to refer to the tragic condition of the world today anarchy, tyranny and despotism. The world has them today. in contrast to the priceless peace of the individual and of society, which is By boasting of having their own way people are just trying to deceive the fruit of union with God and obedience to His commands. themselves. They are not having their own way. They cannot have their The beloved Chief Shepherd addressed the gathering as follows: own way without complete chaos. For order and law there must be obedi­ A Wonderful Company ence. Submission of our will to God's will, self-renunciation, that iis the key­ We come here today to join with all those present and with Holy Mother note of the founding of the Society of Jesus. That is why it is the vanguard Church throughout the world in thanking Almighty God for the gift of St. of the body of the Church, its members soldiers of Jesus Christ, knowing Ignatius and all his wonderful company. The Jesuits were founded 400 obedience down through the four centuries from the time of St. Ignatius. years ago. Of course it would take volumes and hours even to narrate the Willingness to obey, which after all is the finest thing that the will can chief events of that wonderful achievement, which is known as the story do, dedication to the finest cause, is the sublimity of self-will. of St. Ignatius and his sons. Therein you see the character of the glorious body of men which filled I am not here to give that story in detail, but to thank Almigthy God for the world with triumph for Christ. giving to the Church St. Ignatius and his sons of the Society. It is a The world tires of its own folly. Like children we will have our way. wonderful story of the Church, as one goes from one century to another of its Yes, for a time, but not for long. Either we have the spirit of tyranny growth, its influence, its occasional defeat and then its glorious triumph again. from without, or we must choose the way of St. Ignatius, obedience to God's It is a most interesting thing to see how Almighty God provides every law. In that obedience we have complete renunciation which brings complete need of the Church with some great apostle to fit just the need of the time. satisfaction on earth as well as in heaven. At the time of St. Ignatius a disillusion and disintegration existed everywhere. The Anniversary Mass What was needed at that time was cooperation and the creation of a tre­ Chaplains to His Eminence at the Mass were Rt. Rev. Msgr. Jeremiah mendous force which only unity can bring. J. Minihan, Secretary to His Eminence the Cardinal, the Rt. Rev. Msgr. Whence was the apostle to bring that light, that incandescent light? Francis A. Burke, of Jamaica Plain. The Celebrant of the Mass was Rev. Out of the armies of Spain, out of its gallant knights came Ignatius to serve Francis L. Archdeacon, S.J. Fr. Archdeacon was assisted by Rev. William J. Christ, his Master. Duffy, S.J., as Deacon, and Rev. D. Augustus Keane, S.J., as Sub-deacon. St. Ignatius Loyola Rev. Edward S. Swift, S.J., was Deacon of Honor. The sermon was preached The world and the Church needed a united front to face the enemy, in a by Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph F. McGlinchey, of Lynn. time of disintegration. There was disillusion, disintegration everywhere be­ After the Mass the visiting prelates and clergy were guests of the Jesuit cause every man sought to exercise his own will in the name of liberty. Fathers at a luncheon in the Boston College High School gymnasium.

6 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 7 the opposition and acknowledged that circumstances were hardly favorable to found a college in those lands during his own lifetime. But when he was asked to relinquish the right to found a college in Jerusalem, he was adamant PALESTINIAN DREAM in refusal. "Not knowing what God our Lord might one day wish to accom­ plish by the useless instruments of this very little company, it seems to me By REV. JOSEPH P. CONNEIX, SJ. that it would not be reasonable, nor would it conform to the will of God, to refuse absolutely every college in the Holy Land." AINT IGNATIUS long pursued an ambition which Paul Dudon, one of the Was Ignatius still clinging to a fragment of the dream? saint's biographers, terms the Palestinian dream. The Society of Jesus, on its four hundredth anniversary, can point to many S What was the dream? It was the desire to live literally in the foot­ Jesuit establishments in the lands where Saint Ignatius desired to labor and steps of our Divine Lord in the Holy Land and labor there for the conver­ die. There is a church and residence in Alexandria, a college up the Nile in sion of the infidels. Cairo, a student vacation house at the spot where, tradition has it, the Holy The Holy Land was in the hands of the Ottoman Turks. Access was diffi­ Family rested during the Flight to Egypt. cult. An ancient treaty between Venice and the Turks granted safe passage Outside Jerusalem's Jaffa Gate stands the pretentious building of the to one Venetian pilgrim ship yearly, but all other ships sailed the eastern Pontifical Biblical Institute, to which scholars, entrusted by the Church to Mediterranean at the risk of capture. The Turks tolerated the residence of teach the Holy Scriptures, come from all the world to complete their studies. In a group of Francisans in the Holy Land. If other Christians attempted to re­ the hills across the Jordan is the site of an ancient civilization, which Jesuit side there, they invited almost certain death or captivity. scholars are excavating. Further in the bleak hills, there labors an American Ignatius left the cave of Manresa after a year of prayer and penance. He Jesuit, who is charged with the supervision of all the Christian schools of tramped to Venice and begged passage as a pilgrim on a ship to the Holy Transjordania. Land. Once he had set foot on the soil hallowed by our Saviour's presence, There are Jesuit residences in Damascus, Aleppo and Constantinople, Jerusalem became the home of his choice and he requested the Franciscans Beirut has a first class University, technical and law schools and the best to let him pass the rest of his days in the Holy Land. The request was medical school between Beirut and Bombay. From the seminary in Beirut denied despite his insistance. Regretfully Ignatius rejoined his fellow-pilgrims go forth native priests who spread that peculiar beauty of the Catholic Church for the homeward journey. He hoped one day to return. which is achieved by unity of doctrine and diversity of rite. The polyglot Ignatius never returned, but his dream did not die. He rallied six of his press reels off Arabic newspapers, books, magazines and pamphlets; and, in fellow-students at the University of Paris to the service of Christ. Together, addition, it publishes many works in European and Oriental languages. The in the chapel on Montmartre, they promised God lives of poverty and chas­ mountains of Syria are dotted with mission stations and schools for Syrians, tity. Their third promise was this: to go to Jerusalem and labor there for the Armenians, Alouites and Druzes. Jesuit scientists are camped on archaeo­ conversion of the infidels, unless some obstacle prevented their departure from logical sites in Syria, and their seismograph and meteorological stations are Venice or their stay in Palestine; otherwise they would go to Rome and beg links in a world-embracing chain. the Pope to decide their destinies. A rendezvous was set for Venice. Mean­ Across the desert in the oasis city of Baghdad, there is the latest Jesuit time those who had not completed their studies were to remain in Paris. venture in the East. After the breakdown of the Ottoman Empire in the At Venice Ignatius awaited his companions, who arrived one year before first World War and the formation of the Arab Kingdom of Iraq, the Chaldean the appointed time. The pilgrim ship did not leave port during all that year, patriarch of Baghdad requested His Holiness Pope Pius XI to provide sec­ because Venice shared the alarm of all Christendom, menaced by the Turks. ondary education for the Christian minority of the country. His Holiness en­ The greatest of the Ottoman sultans, Suleiman the Magnificent, had completed trusted this project in the very heart of Islam to the American Jesuits. the organization of his vast empire from Baghdad to Belgrade and from Cairo Baghdad College conducted its first class in a rented mud apartment under to Constantinople. He was prepared to achieve his lifetime ambition of driv­ the domes and minarets of the city's mosques. Two years later it moved to ing the point of the Moslem Crescent into the very heart of Christendom, the outskirts and occupied a residence which housed the Turkish command the city of Rome. Suleiman's armies were marshalled on the Bosporus; his during the war. Now, eight years after its inception, Baghdad College has fleet had ravaged the coast of Italy and closed the neck of the Adriatic. There its own property on the bank of the Tigris, its own dormitory building and would be no pilgrim ship in 1538, the year of the rendezvous. class-room building; and within its walls are taught Moslems, Jews and The Palestinian dream was swept away and vanished. Christians of the various Oriental rites. In the spring, Ignatius and his companions were in Rome according to the This is one part of the Eastern picture. The other part shows hundreds terms of the Montmartre promise, but with no thought of forming a religious of frustrated efforts for each success. Jesuits have travelled to their missions society. One day the Pope chanced to address a group of the companions in the East by sailing-ship, donkey and camel, by liner, bus and plane. They and asked, "Why are you so eager to go to Jerusalem? Italy is the real have succumbed to heat, exposure, fever and violence. During a lull in an Jerusalem and a good one, if you wish to do good in the Church of God." earlier period of persecution, one of the missoinaries was led to ask, "How When these words were reported to Ignatius and the others, the formation can the Church grow here without martyrs?" Since, Jesuits have been shot, of a new religious society was discussed. One year later, in 1540, the Society stabbed and stoned to death. Today, even, the labors of the Jesuits enjoy of Jesus was approved and confirmed by Pope Paul III. that insecurity which characterizes the entire history of the Society and Ignatius' plan to work in the Holy Land had persevered from 1523 until prompts the Jesuit to entrust all his undertakings to Divine Providence. 1538. Pope Julius III, in 1653, granted the Society the right to erect three In the Eastern picture one feature stands in sharp focus. The Jesuits colleges at Cyprus, Constantinople and Jerusalem. Ignatius was overjoyed, are laboring in lands where their Holy Founder longed to live and labor. but nothing was done. This time opposition arose not from the Turks, but May it not be that the sons of St. Ignatius have recaptured his vanished from influences within the Christian ranks. Ignatius bowed graciously to dream and poured that dream into a mould?

The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS 8 DECEMBER, 1940 the French and the Massachusetts colony, and because Rasles opposed the ad­ vance of the English, local historians have found it difficult to forgive him even when they openly admire the sacrifice of his life. One must admit that the Indians had more right to the Kennebec than either the French or the V1GIVETTES OF HISTORIC JESUITS English; and it is quite clear that the Indians had a better chance to survive with the French than with the English. It was clear to Rasle, and that is why he spent thirty years and then his life for the Abnakis on the Kennebec. IS HEW EIGLMO * **** L. Lra», w. Not many years of the 18th century had gone by when the French colony began to feel the effects of the declining power of France, her strength O the Abnaki Indians of Maine our Revolutionary War was an undisguised sapped by the continual pressure of the growing might of the British Empire. blessing; it restored to their villages and their hunts their beloved Black- Neglect of her over-sea colonies kept pace with the decline. The Indians of TRobe. No one, of course, claims that the Puritans of New England ex­ Maine first realized the threat to their security when the colony of Massachu­ cited the colonists of the New World to take up arms for the spiritual wel­ setts determined on the death of their priest. Of their final success we know fare of the Maine Indians. It was, as the Indians will tell you, the work of too well,—how Rasle was left dead amid smouldering ruins and the lifeless Divine Providence. During the three decades preceeding our struggle for bodies of his dear Indians; independence the Faith of the Abnakis was in grave danger of being com­ And where the house of prayer arose, pletely lost; as the power of England over North America increased their And the holy hymn, at daylight's close, priests were forced to retire to the banks of the St. Lawrence, and when And the aged priest stood up to bless Quebec was taken in 1760 the priests were outlawed from the Indian villages. The children of the wilderness, Then the Abnakis had only the memories of the Black-Robe to sustain their There is naught save ashes sodden and dank; Faith. And the birchen boats of the Norridgewock, The Indian has a good memory, and the Indians of Maine had much to Tethered to trees and stump and rock, remember. How could they ever forget the arrival of their Apostle, Father Rotting along the river bank! Gabriel Druillettes, who came to them in the year 1646—the very same year —(Whitter: Mog Megone.) that another Jesuit, Isaac Jogues, so joyfully started for the Iroquois and The death of Rasle was on the eve of bitter years. Not that they were martyrdom. It was after repeated demands that Druillettes came to the Ab­ abandoned, for in 1730 Father James de Sirenne arrived to carry on the work nakis on the Kennfebee, demands inspired by a visit made by a few of the tribe of their revered friend. But the tide was definitely against the French and the to the Christian Indian village of Sillery. They wanted to build another Maine Indians; in the middle of the century the last phase of the struggle for Sillery on the banks of their beautiful river. Druillettes was finally allowed the continent began. By 1760 Quebec had fallen; three years later France to go, although priests were very scarce at the time. This new mission had surrendered her North American colonies. The Abnakis, with only memories the approval of the French authorities who were quick to appreciate the ad­ to live on, submitted to the control of Massachusetts. vantages of a friendly Indian tribe in Maine. During the next ten years he visited and lived with them, although he had to take time off twice to visit * * * * * * * Boston as an envoy of the French to discuss a possible alliance against the Divine Providence intervened in favor of the Indians when the colonists, destructive raids of the Iroquois. These Indians had already ruined the lands eleven years after the defeat of France, resolved to fight for independence. It of the Hurons and had given us our first American martyrs, and now would be risky to have an unfriendly tribe at their rear, and so the continental threatened the northeastern section of the continent. These missions to forces, at the bequest of New England, sought the friendship and cooperation Boston obliged Father Duillettes to return to Quebec to consult and to report. of the Abnakis. Their answer was cordial enough; they had no reason to favor He managed, however, to spend the good part of the ten years with his new the English nation. But they made it clear to their "new friends" that they friends, and before he was ordered to another field the Abnakis were a wanted their BlacknRobe back in their villages. The promise to satisfy them promising group of Christians. No doubt their Apostle told them of how the was made. Independence from England brought the priest back to the Maine first group of Jesuits came to Mount Desert in the year 1613, and how, having Indians; for just as soon as Catholicism took root in the cold, in the hospitable just established their mission, Argall, from the distant colony of Jamestown, atmosphere of Boston interest in these first Catholics of New England was swooped down upon them unexpectedly and scattered the priests after destroy­ revived. Two remarkable exiles from the French Revolution, Francis Matignon ing their infant village. and John Cheverus, offered themselves to the struggling Church of the United States and were assigned the task of minstering to the Catholics of New After the departure of their Apostle, priests visited them occasionally. England. Without much loss of time they went to Maine. From then on, It was not that they were forgotten, nor had the French authorities ignored with fair consistency, the Abnakis had their priest. Although Cheverus him­ the advantages of retaining friendly relations with the Maine Indians. They self visited them frequently, he was fortunate in obtaining Father James could not spare the missionary. Consequently it was not until the 17th cen­ Romange to live with them; for about twenty years, until his health was tury neared its end,—during those years when a new spirit was instilled into utterly ruined, he devoted his time and strength in their service. the colonial activities of France and plans were made and partially executed to conquer the whole northern continent,—that we find missionary priests on It was during the years of Boston's second Bishop, Benedict Fenwick, that the three important rivers of Maine: Father Bigot on the Kennebec, Father the Jesuits returned to New England. He was himself a Jesuit,—a descend­ Thury, a secular priest, on the Penobscot, and a Recollect on the St. John's ant of Maryland's original colonists and one of the first group of young men where they had had an interest since 1619. The Indians of Maine were at to enter the restored Society. Naturally, he retained his strong love for the peace and happy. Society after being raised to the episcopacy and made every attempt to estab­ To the first of these three rivers came in the year 1695, Sebastian Rasle; lish them in his diocese. Great was his need of priests, for he had to protect his thirty years ..here left no doubt that the right man for the Indians was and encourage his small flock when Protestantism was crusading against sent. The beuutiful Kennebec became the front line in the battle between Catholicism. In the end despite the opposition, he could thank God that he

JO The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 11 had preserved and increased the flock bequeathed him by Cheverus; he gave Boston her first Catholic newspaper (called The Jesuit), her first Catholic school for boys, and gave New England her first Catholic College: Holy Cross in Worcester. Bishop Fenwick had many generous souls who assisted him during HOLY CROSS COLLEGE those difficult days; I shall recall only two of them. Virgil Barber is the first. He was a convert to the faith, as was his wife. Fenwick, while Administrator N central New England, towards the center of Massachusetts and on the of the New York diocese had directed him into the Church. Shortly after­ famous old Post-Road from Boston to New York, is situated the city of wards came his wife, and then they agreed to separate with ecclesiastical ap­ I Worcester in a narrow valley flanked by rolling hills. It is a fairly large proval, in order to enter the religious life: Virgil into the Society of Jesus, city today, but, as one may gather from its restricted business area and its and his wife into the Visitation Convent at Washington. Into the religious traffic congestions, it was much smaller a hundred years ago. There was life followed their four daughters and son; into the Catholic Church his little more worthy of note at Worcester in 1843 than in a score of small father and mother. It was one of the most remarkable family conversions in industrial centers in New England. To be sure, it had a new railroad from the history of the Church in this country. Fenwick being a friend of this Boston, some growing manufactures, and the usual knot of politicians. But influential New England family was anxious to keep Virgil with him. At the of the warmth and light which the Faith always brings it had exceedingly request of Bishop Fenwick, Virgil went to Boston; and during the years 1826- 1830 shared his time with the Penobscot and Passamaquoddy Indians and the little. inhabitants of the small town of Claremont in New Hampshire, where he had a Fifteen years before, however, there had been consecrated as Bishop of church and a group of converts. His greatest delight was with his docile Boston Benedict Joseph Fenwick, S.J., a scion of one of Lord Baltimore's early Indians, who surprised and pleased him with their piety amidst hardships and Catholic colonists of Maryland, and thirteen years before had been ordained poverty. in Boston, Father James Fitton, the son of an immigrant from Preston, Eng­ Bishop Fenwick's other dear friend is, unfortunately, not so well known; land, and a convert Welsh mother, a man whose glorious Apostolic labors for yet he was one of the very few Catholics prominent in American public life nearly twenty-five years accomplished miracles of grace from the St. Law­ during the first half of the 19th century. Edward Kavanagh of Damariscotta, rence to Boston and from Newport to Lake Champlairi. These two unfor­ Me., was the first Catholic to be elected to our Congress from any New England gettable Apostles were the co-founders of Holy Cross College, Father Fitton State; after his Congressional service, he was our diplomatic representative as the original purchaser of the land for a school of higher education in 1836, to Portugal and later was the Governor of his State. He won respect for and Bishop Fenwick as the conveyor of the property to the Jesuit Fathers for his religion and played an important part in breaking down the prejudices of a college in 1843. the Puritans against the Catholic Church. Fenwick sought his advice and This work of the bishop and his missionary apostle whom he had himself support in promoting the Faith, but especially in his work with the Maine trained and ordained, marked historically the establishment of the first Catho­ Indians. When Kavanagh was Governor he succeeded in obtaining financial lic institution for higher learning in New England. It was a work dear to aid for the priest assigned to the mission. both and deliberately planned as they looked into the future and foresaw the Despite his anxiety, Bishop Fenwick did not succeed in getting the Jesuits Cross of Christ flaming above the ridge-poles of Catholic churches in- almost permanently into his diocese until the year 1843, a few years before he died. every town, village, and hamlet of a New England formerly monopolized In that year they opened New England's first Catholic College in Worcester. by a cold Calvinism, and dreamt of a New England.Catholic college thronged His plan to establish the college in Maine where they could also have charge with students. Within a century their dream was realized. Holy Cross of the Indian missions, failed to materialize. became a great college, the third largest Jesuit college and the fourth largest Shortly after his death his hopes were realized. In the fall of 1847, under Catholic college in the United States; New England reversing itself became a his successor, Bishop Fitzpatrick, the Jesuits returned to assist in parish work chief stronghold of the Faith. and the Indian missions. First came Father John McElroy, after ten months The annals of Holy Cross record a singularly consistent increase in en­ with the American army in Mexico, to take charge of St. Mary's in Boston. rollment from the beginning of its history. By 1848, when the new college The next year two more came; Father Gustave Eck for Holy Trinity Parish, had become better known, the enrolled had increased from the seventeen stu­ and Father John Bapst for the Maine Indians. Bapst arrived to celebrate the bi-centennial of the arrival of Father Druillettes, the Apostle of the Abnakis; dents of 1843 to one hundred and twenty. In 1851 the total of students was and he stayed to become their second Apostle,—for he found them, due to the one hundred and fifty. Though the Civil War summoned many of the stu­ absence of a priest for many years, in an extremely demoralized state. dents to arms and the enrollment of the college fell to eighty in 1861, the On March 17, 1861—an appropriate day for Boston—the Church of the increasing number of students in 1868 necessitated the construction of a five- Immaculate Conception was dedicated. The Jesuits had started to expand. story addition to the college building. Father McElroy was appointed pastor, and Father Bapst was recalled from There had been twenty-five years of struggle before this step forward, Maine to take charge of the Jesuit House of Studies attached to the church. including twenty years of weary waiting for legal recognition by the Massa­ The church, as we know, thrived, but in 1864 the seminary was transferred. chusetts legislature, a delay happily terminated by the granting of a charter That was a fortunate move, for a high school and college was substituted for to the college in 1865 through the kindly intercession of a great Massachu­ the seminary. They decided to name the new educational institution (since setts Governor, the Honorable John A. Andrews. Boston had no college), Boston College. There were protests at the boldness With renewed vigor the college then began a continuously prosperous of the plan; but they were in vain. It was only right that the City of Culture history. There were two hundred boarders at the college in 1890, and two should have a college with its famous name. This brings us down to the days hundred and thirty-seven in 1891 in a total enrollment of three hundred and of our parents and grandparents who will eagerly tell us how the churches thirty. In 1917, before the entrance of our country into the World War, and colleges have survived in willing service. Holy Cross enrolled six hundred students, and in the war year only two hun-

12 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 13 dred, but in 1919 it registered a new record number of eight hundred and eighteen. Today the roster of students numbers eleven hundred and ninety- seven. As this prolific flowering of Holy Cross College went on, the Jesuit Fathers for generations were encountering "House Problems." But the Jesuits have been great builders in more senses than one. Besides building sound Christian characters, they erected at Holy Cross the attractive collegiate structures which now stand out against the sky as seen from all over the Worcester valley. The' O'Kane building was opened in 1896. Then in 1905 a gift from the graduates of the college provided Alumni Hall. Later, under the leader­ ship of the Right Reverend Thomas Beaven, the three hundred priests of the Springfield diocese contributed the funds which provided Beaven Hall. In 1923 Loyola Hall was finished and the new Memorial Students' Chapel was dedicated. The Bishop Dinand Library was dedicated in 192:7 and Kimball Dining Hall in 1935. The latest building, Wheeler Hall, was opened in 1940. Thus Holy Cross catapulted itself up the slopes of its own pyramidal hill in a century. Great as was the architectural result, the method of its achievement was far greater in human interest. For this inspiring college campus was built by the slim purses of a multitude of small benefactors and the gratuitous services of its Jesuit faculties. It is almost incredible that Holy Cross has built its present eight great structures without having re­ ceived a single gift of munificent proportions from any single donor; this is also perhaps unique in the history of great college building. It shows what Catholic grit, generosity, and giving can accomplish. What of the contribution of this college to civil welfare and religion? One might speak with admiration of the many hundreds of lawyers, doctors, teachers, and business men among its Alumni of over eight thousand mem­ bers, and point with legitimate pride to the judges, governors of states, and members of the United States Congress who once were boys at Holy Cross. In addition to this contribution to state and civil society, the fact that the college has a priestly alumni of nearly fifteen hundred tells an even better story, a story of great supernatural ideals. And over the fact that Holy Cross College has numbered among its Alumni twenty-one bishops, one could rhapsodize. The finger of God has been here certainly. In 1943 Holy Cross College will celebrate its centennial. Its loyal alumni and friends are carrying forward a drive for a million dollars—building fund in preparation for the celebration. This fund will be used for the construc­ tion of a gymnasium, a science building, and a faculty residence. With the aid, even as in the past, of a multitude of gleanings, and the gifts of wealthy friends of education, the fund will be raised. The friends of youth, of Chris­ tian progress, and of civic welfare will not forget Holy Cross upon its hun­ dredth birthday. The celebration will be carried out with civil and religious exercises befitting the end of a glorious century of effort and achievement. The celebration will have national and even international significance, since the alumni and students of Holy Cross are drawn from almost every state in the Union and from Latin America, Asia, and other foreign lands. From north, east, south and west the glad hope will be expressed to Holy Cross College, "Ad multos Annos."

The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 15 high school because of lack of a an enviable quality. The completion Jesuit personnel and because of of the college library under Rev. J. H. bigotry in the sale of land for Catho­ Dolan, S.J., present provincial of the HISTORY OF BOSTON COLLEGE, 1863-1940 lic educational purposes. New England province, gave to the A new day was at hand when the college and to the graduate school as By REV. JAMES L. BURKE, S.J. Harrison Avenue property was ob­ well the opportunity to increase its tained in 1857. There in addition to intellectual standards. With 170,000 the Immaculate Conception Church volumes this library is today the heart WIDELY-READ weekly maga­ inauguration of similar work in sum­ was built a school where at first a of the academic life of the college. zine, commenting recently on mer sessions brought numbers of re­ Jesuit national scholasticate was In 1938 a collegiate School of Busi­ A the educational endeavors of the ligious women for collegiate and maintained. In April of 1863 a char­ ness Administration was begun and is Society of Jesus, listed American graduate school work. In 1935 the ter was obtained and in the fall of now housed at the Heights. This de­ Jesuit universities as fifteen. This graduate and extension work were 1864 a high school and college opened parture from the curriculum of the list did not include Boston College. rigorously separated. Since that time with 21 students. Since the pioneer old college is in keeping with the re­ The editors were undoubtedly misled extension work has continued at New­ college extended only through Sopho­ vision in studies initiated throughout by the collegiate name of this institu­ bury Street. At Chestnut Hill the more, no degrees were granted until this province in 1935, when in addition tion, which, however, is much more graduate school, observing all the 1877, after one year of philosophy to the A.B. degree and the B.S. degree than a college. Since one very fre­ university requirements of the Asso­ had been added to the curriculum. in physical sciences, other B.S. de­ quently meets those who believe that ciation of the American Universities With these early days on James grees were inaugurated in Social Sci­ Boston College engages only in col­ and Colleges, has developed into a Street are connected the names of ences. While the college considers that legiate instruction, it is well to in­ first-class graduate school, although Fr. Bapst, the first president (1864- classical instruction is the ideal train­ dicate in what her additional work it limits itself to masters' work. 1869), and Fr. Fulton (1870-1879; ing in the freshman and sophomore consists. Large collections of primary and sec­ 1888-1890). To perpetuate their years of the college, it found numbers In 1936 there was inaugurated at ondary material in the college library memory there are debating societies, applying not completely equipped to 126 Newbury Street, Boston, a gradu­ and spacious study stalls made pos­ one at the present high school and one profit by this instruction. Organized ate School of Social Work where two sible ideal conditions for graduate at the college. The same early days courses for other students thus from years of training in academic and students. were also the student days of His time to time have been added, that field work equips men and women for These activities of law, social work, Eminence, Cardinal William O'Con- students may have the benefit of a all varieties of social leadership. and graduate schools show how in­ nell, who has ever been a loyal Catholic, if not of a classical, edu­ Since its inception this school has adequate is the picture which sees friend of the college. cation. been blessed by a carefully organized in Boston College, despite its name, The name of the slowly growing To this task of Catholic education curriculum, high academic standards, simply a college institution. This, college became widely known in edu­ the college is committed. Throughout and a trained faculty. In 1929 Boston however, must not obscure the fact cational circles when Fr. Timothy its whole history from James Street College instituted a Law School that without the college there could Brosnahan (1894-1898) in a consum­ to University Heights it has in addi­ which admits in addition to college be no professional schools. Because mate piece of rhetoric answered the tion to training the mind fostered graduates those who have success­ the college was known for its spirit­ strictures of President Eliot of Har­ piety and trained the will by incul­ fully completed two years of college. ual and intellectual leadership in the vard on the alleged static character cating devotion to the Sacred Heart From its inception the Law School Boston metropolitan area, it has been of Jesuit education. In order that this and the Blessed Mother particularly. has enjoyed high rating from law possible to raise funds and to attract growth might not be prevented, a Today at the college not only do these school agencies. Today, under a students to the graduate schools. new site was necessary. This was ob­ devotions flourish, but spiritual activi­ trained lawyer, Rev. William J. There is a far cry from today's col­ tained when a farmland at Chestnut ties are given a unified direction Kenealy, S.J., and a full-time law lege of approximately 1400 students Hill was acquired in December, 1907, through the office of the Student faculty, it promises to rise to even housed in English Collegiate Gothic by Rev. Thomas I. Gasson, S.J., then Counsellor, Rev. James L. McGovern, greater heights in legal training and buildings, offering a rich and inte­ president of the college (1907-1913). S.J. Thus B. C.'s curriculum and its academic recognition. grated curriculum, and the earliest To the first of the new buildings devotional life realize her motto of Traditional graduate school work beginnings of Jesuit education in came the Senior class of 1913, in the "Religion and the Fine Arts" in both began in a large-scale manner with Boston. The Protestant crusade spring preceding their graduation. of which she strives ever to be the Fr. Matthew Fortier, S.J., at James made attendance by Catholics in the One building could not long suffice best (aien aristeuein). Street in 1912. Here for attendance public schools of Boston a precarious when the entire college institution at evening classes, candidates were matter in the fifties of the last cen­ moved to the Heights in the fall of Boston College awarded the degree of M.A. or Ph.D. tury. To supply classes for boys who 1913. In 1917 the faculty house was From 1917 to 1920 with the departure otherwise would be jailed as truants, finished. Due to a drive in 1921 funds Law School of Fr. Fortier from Boston, this work the Jesuit Fathers of St. Mary's in were available to complete a Science rPHE Law School began its twelfth bulked less large in Boston College the North End opened a grammar building in 1924 and to begin a library academic year in September. Dur­ activity. It was renewed under Rev. school in the years preceding the structure. The excellent equipment ing the summer months its Faculty James Mellyn, S.J., in 1920, combin­ Civil War. Fr. McElroy, the Jesuit of this Science Building and the ade­ was increased by the addition of two ing extension collegiate work with pastor of St. Mary's, found himself quate staff of science professors make full-time professors. Mr. William J. graduate school study. In 1925 the handicapped in opening a college and the science departments of the college O'Keefe, A.B., Holy Cross 1910, LL.B.

16 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 17 Georgetown 1915, returned to the Fac­ feet of the Sodality, Manager of the with the threefold objective of tech­ ulty after an absence of two years. Fulton Debating Team, Assistant Ed­ nical, cultural and moral attainment. Professor O'Keefe was on the Faculty itor of the "Heights," and Valedic­ It gives a position of honor to those of the Law School from its inception torian of the class. The former is now instruments of culture; the lan­ in 1929 until 1937, when he resigned President and the latter Vice-Presi­ guages, history and philosophy which to take the post of Legal Advisor to dent of the Freshman Class of the have always been held in high esteem the Massachusetts State Department Law School. . . . John C. "Blondy" as leading factors in true education. of Education. His return to the Law Ryan, A.B., Holy Cross 1930, and hero In the major fields of Accounting, School was hailed with enthusiasm by of a famed World Series, is now an Finance, Marketing and Management, students and alumni of the School. exceedingly industrious member of the it strives to give the students that Prior to his connection with Bos­ first year class. skill and resourcefulness which con­ ton College Law School, Professor The Alumni Association of the Law stitute a professional college training O'Keefe taught law and business School conducted its annual election of for the better opportunities in busi­ courses for many years at Pace In­ officers recently with the following re­ ness. And it very definitely takes the stitute, Fordham University, Catholic sults: Charles W. O'Brien, '36, Presi­ stand that the enriching and the University, and Boston College Grad­ dent; James E. McCabe, '32, Vice- stimulating of the intellectual fac­ uate School. He is conducting the President; Francis E. Harrington, '35, ulties is of no avail unless it goes courses in Judicial Remedies, Bills and Treasurer; Vincent J. Cosgrove, '39, Notes, and Bankruptcy. The other hand in hand with a morally elevat­ Secretary. The Alumni Association ing influence in human life which new Faculty member is Professor gave an enthusiastic vote of appre­ Richard S. Sullivan, A.B., Boston Col­ can only be had by a thorough train­ ciation to retiring President James J. ing in Religion. lege 1929, LL.B. Boston College 1939, Curley and his fellow officers for their LL.M. Harvard 1940. Professor Sulli­ exemplary leadership during the past To promote these aims of the Col­ van teaches Equity, Security, and year. The tremendous success of the lege of Business Administration, the Labor Law. There are now eight pro­ Tenth Anniversary Banquet was faculty has been chosen with sedulous fessors devoting their full time to in­ largely due to the untiring efforts of care. Men of outstanding success in struction at the Law School. President "Jim" Curley — a man professional and business fields have With the inception of its twelfth whose loyalty and enthusiasm for formed an Advisory Council that they academic year, the Law School has Boston College is unexcelled among may devote their energies and re­ Faculty room: Boston College Library adopted a revised curriculum which her thousands of alumni. sources to a cause which is so deserv­ gives a much greater emphasis to the ing; the education of young men who ity in many ways more vitally than various aspects of public law which will prove to be not only cultured and the educational function. are of vital concern to the nation Boston College School competent, but also upright and God­ During the past four years, the today. . . . Students of the Morning of Business Administration fearing, in a word, the genuine busi­ School has equipped seventy-five Session now attend classes six days ness man. young men and women with this spe­ a week. . . . During the past year the TN the early spring of her Diamond cialized training, and they have taken' content of the library was increased Jubilee Year, 1938, Reverend Wil­ Boston College their places at important posts in pub­ to twenty-five thousand volumes and liam J. McGarry, S.J., President of lic and private social work throughout the seating capacity of the reading the College, announced the opening of School of Social Work the community. Some are directors room is now one hundred and fifty. the College of Business Administra­ of community federations, others are ryHE Boston College School of So­ public welfare officials, many are en­ . . . The entering class this year is tion. The first Freshman Class con­ cial Work is entering upon its as large as it was a year ago. This is vened in September. A distinct but in­ gaged in family counselling, child virtually a large increase, since, owing tegral part of the greater Boston Col­ fifth year of exnstence. The School welfare services and as probation offi­ to the Conscription Law, law school lege, the new School offered to the un­ was organized in March, 1936, to cers. The opportunities in the field enrollments have universally dropped. dergraduate a four-year course lead­ meet a very definite need in the New are limitless. The range of activity The John B. Creeden, S.J., Scholar­ ing to the degree of Bachelor of Sci­ England community. The rapid ex­ runs from a case worker with delin­ ships, established last year in honor ence in Business Administration. Its pansion of social services under both quent boys in Hollywood to a foreign principal aim was to make it possible public and private auspices calling commissioner of the Red Cross in Bor­ of the first Regent of the Law School, deaux, France. The vocation of so­ were awarded to Francis X. Ahearn for the Catholic young man who for an increase of well-trained per­ wishes to prepare himself for a busi­ sonnel constituted a real challenge to cial work is in a very real sense intel­ and Edmund J. Kenny of the Class of ness career to receive the technical ligent Catholic action. 1940 of Boston College. While at the Boston College. There had been no training which is offered by other facilities in the New England are for Heights Mr. Ahearn was Editor of the undergraduate schools of the kind, "Sub Turri," President of the New Catholic young men and women to Boston College Intown and yet to receive this training un­ get graduate professional training England Catholic Student Peace Fed­ der Catholic auspices and safety T OCATED at 126 Newbury Street, eration, a member of the Fulton De­ grounded upon the principles of under Catholic auspices. The func­ Boston College Intown is the bating Team, and Salutatorian of the Catholic philosophy and culture. tions of the social worker touch the afternoon and evening division of the class. Mr. Kenny was Knight Com­ With this end in view, the pro­ lives of Catholic people and conse­ College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. mander of the Cross and Crown, Pre- gramme of studies was formulated quently border on the pastoral activ- Its primary object is to provide a

18 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 19 complete cultural training for men serve this purpose. Among the courses and women desiring to acquire either offered are Accounting, English, a Bachelor of Arts or a Bachelor of Gaelic, History, Law, Spanish, French, Science degree under Jesuit aus­ German, Mathematics, Philosophy, pices. The late afternoon and eve­ Religion, Physics, and Social Sciences. ning classes provide an opportunity The Faculty is composed of Jesuit for young men and women to acquire members of Boston College, and also collegiate training and an academic Lay Professors and Instructors. degree which occupation and em­ The number of new students who ployment during the day would other­ registered this year more than wise render impossible. doubled last year's enrollment. Doc­ The Intown College also provides tors, nurses, lawyers, business men excellent opportunities for students and women who have attended Boston who are interested only in some defi­ College Intown have been very grate­ nite field of study. The evening ful for the opportunity to study classes are particularly adapted to under Jesuit auspices.

BOSTON COLLEGE HIGH SCHOOL

HE history of Boston College High School is the history of Boston Col­ lege from 1864 to 1913. For fifty years both College and High School Twere on James Street occupying the same building. The High School had not even a name up to 1895 when for the first time the catalogue of Boston College separated the faculty of the Preparatory Department from that of the College Department. We read in the catalogue of 1894: "It is Solemn High Pontifical Mass one of the decided advantages of the system followed in this college, that Immaculate Conception Church the student may begin his preparatory studies and then pass on, through September 29, 1940 the college course to graduation, in the same institution. This secures, besides the moral influence thus gained, a uniform and homogeneous course of teaching and of training. The result of such a course of study is a is justly ranked among the foremost preparatory schools in the United continuous and normal development of the mental faculties along well de­ States for its excellence and its prestige. As the catalogue of 1940 proudly fined lines, and the possession of a clear and coherent system of principles states more than ten thousand, boys have received the advantages of a Jesuit upon which any special course may afterwards safely rest." High School Education since it began its separate existence in 1913. Its In the year 1899 appears the name The Boston College Preparatory graduates are found in every walk of life: in the professions, in civic and School with its own catalogue. Two years after that the name for the business life, in responsible positions and in the priesthood. first time is, The Boston College High School. The year 1905 saw the first Its objectives are to develop intelligent Catholic men who will be vo­ class awarded diplomas of graduation. cationally prepared, cultured and spiritually vigorous Catholics. The means With the transfer of the College to Newton in 1913 the High School through various organizations and societies are many for active Catholicity, began its separate existence with the building on James Street all to itself. growth in religion, personal holiness, civic and professional life, future Though both College and High School were now separated they were still writers and physical fitness. one corporate institution with the same president and board of trustees. Worthy of note are the activities connected with Boston College High This went on until 1919 when the final and complete separation took place. School conducted as chaplains or directors by the Jesuit Fathers of the From now on there was a tremendous increase in the number of stu­ Boston College High School community. Chaplaincies of Boston City Hos­ dents. An average of 1,500 was had from this time until 1929 the advent pital, St. Margaret's Hospital, Good Shepherd Convent and the Home for of the depression. The largest graduating class of 244 in its history re­ Destitute Catholic Children. Spiritual Directors of sodalities and societies ceived their diplomas in 1925. From 1929 to 1936 as happened in private for Catholic Deaf Mutes, Converts, Jesuit Seminary Guild, St. Catherine schools and colleges all over the country the enrollment fell off considerably. Guild for professional women, St. Radegonde Guild for nurses, Catholic With the advent of Very Rev. Francis L. Archdeacon, S.J., as Rector in Alumni Sodality and Young Men's Catholic Association. 1937 there has been a steady increase in numbers until today 1940 the The foregoing record of activities connected with Boston College High figure 900 has been reached. This is actually extraordinary when we reflect School are apart from the activities that naturally belong to the Church of the that High Schools connected with Parishes in Boston and in the surrounding Immaculate Conception. cities have considerably increased. At the same time scholastic standards The history of this Church goes back to 1860 when it was built. It have been maintained at a high level so that Boston College High School was formally opened in March, 1861. Though not a parish church no

The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS 20 DECEMBER, 1940 21 church in the archdiocese has had throughout its nearly 80 years of existence a more loyal or more devoted following of friends and benefactors. The number of those in the past as in the present who love this church is legion. It has been the scene of many and beautiful liturgical services from ST. MARY'S CHURCH i RETROSPECT ordinations to great feasts of the Church. Eloquent preachers have spoken from its pulpit. It is admittedly a very beautiful church, distinctive in By JAMES J. LYONS, S.J. appearance exteriorly and in its interior of Grecian Ionic architecture. Its purity and chasteness of finish contribute much to the effect its vastness produces. All of it enveloped in immaculate whiteness is emblematic of the HE first St. Mary's Church in Boston's North End was dedicated on purity of Mary the Immaculate. The Church draws many to its services Pentecost Sunday, May 22, 1836, under the patronage of the Blessed Virgin whether they be Masses on week-days and Sundays, confessions, devotions, TMary. But it was not until the year 1847 that St. Mary's came into the retreats or novenas. Its novenas in number six every year attract many but hands of the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. The parish at that time em­ particularly does its Novena of Grace with its seventeen services daily at­ braced all the North End and a large portion of the West End, but was after- tract thousands. This brief and sketchy account of the work of Boston College High School and the Church of the Immaculate Conception that goes on daily, leaves much that might be said of the glorious history of both. But the Jesuits of today who are here doing the work, on this 400th anniversary of the Confirmation of the Society of Jesus, sing their Te Deum and their Magnificat to God for whom they do it, in accord with their great motto, "Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam"—For the greater glory of God. They are happy and consoled by the words of the Supreme Pontiff Pius XII addressed to them while he commends the principle ministries of the Society and the rich fruit derived from them. They dwell particularly on the words of Pius XII when with paternal kindness he bids them to ponder with grateful hearts the brilliant achievements, which God in His providence has effected through them during the four hundred years from their founding, and to offer enduring thanks to their Heavenly Father, and at the same time, trusting in His Providence, to derive from these memories of their four hundred years, encouragement to go on with undiminished strength in the advancement of the greater glory of God and the salvation of souls.

THE HEW ENGLMO JESUIT MISSION HMD N the year of 1923 the first announcement of the long-expected division of the Maryland-New York Province was made. It was a matter of three I years of adjustment before the complete separation was made final. For those three years the present Bishop of Jamaica, Most Rev. Thomas A. Emmet, acted as the Director of the New England section that included Fathers Goeding, Williams, Coveny, and Green. In 1926 the present Director, Rev. Joseph P. Green was appointed Su­ perior of the New England Mission Band. In those fourteen years the Band has had many well-known preachers and retreat directors. Some have already passed to their reward, among them are: Very Rev. Charles W. Lyons, Rev. St. Mary's Church Francis B. Goeding, and Rev. Joseph J. Williams. Other former members Boston, Mass. now working in new fields are: Rev. John T. McGrory, Rev. Francis X. Dow­ ney, Rev. Daniel P. Mahoney, Rev. John F. Duston, Rev. Edward M. Sullivan, Rev. Frederick J. Winnerberg, Rev. Frederick Gallagher, Rev. Patrick J. wards divided—St. Joseph's Church and St. Stephen's Church taking away a Nolan. considerable portion of the original parish. The present members of the Band are: Rev. Joseph P. Green, Rev. John In the year 1847, Rev. John McElroy, S.J., at the invitation of Right A. Mattimore, Rev. Daniel F. Ryan, Rev. Thomas T. Herlihy, Rev. John J. Rev. John B. Fitzpatrick, Bishop of Boston, took over the Church and resi­ Flannagan, Rev. Richard Hegarty, Rev. Fred J. McCarten, Rev. Patrick F. dence of St. Mary's. Exactly two years and a month after Fr. McElroy's Foley, Rev. Paul R. Power, Rev. Anthony Meslis, and Rev. Francis J. Hugal. arrival at St. Mary's, the Sisters of Notre Dame, at his invitation took over

2? The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 23 the Girls' Parochial School. The present Parochial School of St. Mary's was erected in the year 1884 under the direction of the Rev. William H. Duncan, S.J., Pastor, one of the best known and most admired of the zealous pastors of St. Mary's. Too much credit in the good work of the parish HOLY TRINITY CHURCH cannot be given to the Sisters of Notre Dame who for so many years have labored to instill in the hearts of the children the lessons which Christ By HENRY C. MACLEOD, S.J. came to teach. The superior character of their teaching has proved itself by the excellent results obtained down through the years. In the early 70's the parish already numbered about ten thousand, and HE Holy Trinity Church on Shawmut Avenue, Boston, is the only Ger­ was growing so rapidly that the Fathers realized the necessity of a new and man Catholic Church in New England (with the exception of a small larger church. Thus, in the summer of 1874 the foundation of the new Tchapel in Lawrence, Mass.). The attendance at church services presents church was begun. The first Mass said in the basement, was the First Com­ special difficulties for the many parishioners who live all over Greater Bos­ munion Mass of the children of the parish, June 13, 1876; and the basement ton, especially Roxbury, Dorchester, West Roxbury, Roslindale, Jamaica was opened for the people Sunday, July 30, 1876. Finally, on Dec. 16, 1877, Plain, Medford, Hyde Park and Dedham. the new St. Mary's Church was solemnly dedicated. After the preliminary ceremonies of the dedication by His Grace, Arch­ bishop John J. Williams, Pontifical High Mass was celebrated by the same prelate. The Rev. R. J. Brady, S.J., who had built the church, preached the dedication sermon. When we realize that the plans for the church were drawn up by the master architect of church buildings in the United States we can readily understand why St. Mary's Church as recently as the past month was called by a feature writer of the Boston Post "one of the most beautiful churches in the archdiocese." St. Mary's Ms always been noted for the excellence of its sodalities. At one time the men's sodality numbered eighteen hundred. Today, due to the emigration of those pious founders to other parts of the archdiocese it is impossible to continue the men's and women's sodalities. However, the Bona Mors Association, or the Association of Preparation for a Happy Death, which has always been a Jesuit institution, is still flourishing. It is a source of great consolation to the Fathers here to witness the splendid demonstration of faith and devotion of the hundreds who return to St. Mary's on the third Friday of the month for the Bona Mors Sodality Service even though it entails a journey of many miles from the most extreme ends of the archdiocese. Such loyal adherence is due in no small way to the untiring and zealous efforts of the Director, the Rev. Timothy McCarthy, S.J. The other devotions, the Sacred Heart Devotions held every Friday eve­ ning and the Perpetual Novena of Grace held every Monday are still well attended. And this is consoling because of the fact that these devotions are supported for the most part by our devout Catholic men and women who reside in the outlying districts of Boston. During the course of the year seven novenas are held: The Little Flower novena opens the year in Septem­ ber; then follow in succession, The Novena to the Holy Souls; to the Immacu­ late Conception; to Our Lady of Lourdes; the Novena of Grace; to the Sacred Heart and to St. Ignatius. Besides these novenas there are three tridua, one in honor of the feast of the Nativity, in honor of St. Andrew Bobola, S.J., and Assumption of Blessed Virgin Mary. It is, of course, impossible to record all the achievements of the Fathers of St. Mary's Church since its first Pastor, Fr. McElroy, S.J., in the year Holy Trinity Church 1847. In this brief allotted space it is impossible to even touch on the glory Boston, Mass. of her name. The early Jesuit Fathers of St. Mary's have left behind them the indelible stamp of their labors, so that, today, the name of St. Mary's is a by-word in every office, every store, every market in Boston. It speaks well for the religious fervor of the Catholics of German descent It is the sincere hope and earnest prayer of every Jesuit Father at St. Mary's and is a proof of their loyalty to this church that in spite of these diffi­ today that her reputation will be enhanced by their untiring efforts and that culties so many faithfully attend services at Holy Trinity, not only on Sun­ the torch which was handed on to them may burn more brightly than ever days but also Novenas, meetings of the Sodalities and other Societies. For in the years to come. most of them it means more than half an hour's ride in street cars or autos.

24 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 25 The most outstanding facts in the history of the Parish are: that it has the oldest permanent Parochial School in New England (1844) and probably of the first in the whole United States (Dr. Gilday, Cath. U.); that Holy Trinity was the first Parish in New England to establish the Sodality CAMPION HALL—Retreat House for Laymen of Our Lady (1851); that, lastly Holy Trinity possesses an exceptional num­ ber and variety of societies,—one for every practical and important purpose By REV. PHILIP D. KIELY, S.J. of Catholic activity,—an arrangement such as is found in few other parishes. In a few years Holy Trinity will celebrate the first centennial anniversary ND the title means just what it says, Campion Hall is YOURS. In the of the building of the first Church (1841) although services were held by colorful Fall of 1937, a beautiful estate situated among the rolling Bishop Benedict Joseph Fenwick, S.J., for the Germans as early as 1838 in A hills of North Andover, Massachusetts, was purchased by the Jesuit the Cathedral on Franklin Street. In June, 1844, the first Mass was said Fathers of the New England Province for the benefit of the men of in Holy Trinity Church by the then Pastor Fr. Rolof. That building, still Boston and vicinity. It is not a rest house but a retreat house. It is a standing across the street from the present Church, served as the center of place where men, young and old, can do for their souls what they do for their the Catholic life of Boston's German population from 1844 until 1877. hats. Reblock them. Put some form, some shape, some firmness in them. In 1872 work was begun on the present Church and on May 27, 1877, What is now known as Campion Hall, after the Jesuit Martyr, Blessed the new building,—a classic example of pure French Gothic, was conse­ Edmond Campion, whose life there is no need to recount here, was previously crated by Archbishop Williams. The cost of the Church was $150,000. To­ known by the unbaptized name of "Hardcourt," and was built by the mill day it would cost several times that sum. money of the Kuhnhart family. This fine German family obtained 87 acres Since 1848 the Fathers of the Society of Jesus have been in charge of Holy Trinity Parish. At the beginning some came directly from Germany, others from the Jesuit Missions in Conewagok, Washington or Buffalo. At present the Fathers belong to the New England Province. The annals of the parish show a long list of devoted Pastors and assist­ ant priests who have spent their best endeavors and efforts for the Catholic German Congregation of Boston. Fr. Nopper, Pastor 1877-1892, besides having a Parochial School in Boston, started St. Francis Home in Roxbury, where today we have a public Chapel, an orphanage, a home for aged women, a grade school and a high school for girls. Fr. Jutz (1896-1906) started the monthly Church Bulletin of the Parish— the "Monatsbote" (Monthly Messenger), a publication for the German Catholics of Boston which up to this day is enjoying a wide circulation. Fr. Cohauz (1918-1921) effected great revivals of religious life in the parish. He introduced Lenten devotions at noon and other religious services which were a source of spiritual blessings. Under his successor, the present Pastor, Fr. Gisler, the work of re­ ligious life and successful organization was carried on without interruption. Most of the services hitherto held in German were changed into English for the sake of the younger generation who, after the World War did not learn the German language any more. The number of services was almost doubled, thereby enlarging their beneficient influence on thousands of people working in the surrounding districts. Under Fr. Gisler the Sisters (Franciscan from of choice property on the exclusive shore of Lake Cochickewick in the town of Glen Riddle), were given their new convent next to the school. North Andover, and in 1906 they built the proverbial mansion. At present the activities of the parish are well organized. The Church This magnificent structure of brick and frame work designed in the and Parish are in a good financial condition, the religious life is strong in English country house manner is set back about five hundred yards from what piety and devotion. For many decades there has been complete harmony is dubiously but dutifully called a state highway, and the distance from the between the people and priests, nothing has disturbed the peace among the spacious front porch to the lake is a little better than a good golfer's drive. parishioners. They have worked together under great difficulties and handi­ Attached to the main house by a glassed corridor is the Guest House adjacent caps because of their distance from the Church, very zealous and loyal, for to which is a shell shaped tiled swimming pool reached from the Guest House the Church, the schools, the Home and the particular interests of the many by a covered colonnade. This is what greets your eye as you motor up the societies. The outstanding fervor to help the foreign missions deserves spe­ circling driveway surprised by the exclusiveness and beauty of the gem's cial mention. setting. Leaving your car under the glassed porte-cochere you step in through a heavy door adorned with wrought iron to a large entrance hall. It is hardly necessary to add that the German Catholics of Boston, like You might like to call it the foyer. One of the pleasant Fathers, and there the American Catholics of different origin, stood loyally by their country in are several in the house, invites you to enter the spacious oak panelled every crisis. In the Civil War a great number of men of Holy Trinity en­ lounge room. Should your flight be in the winter there burns a welcome listed and in the World War there were 80 parishioners under arms. fire in the huge hearth. The invitation is irresistible.

26 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 27 If you are plebeian minded you will spontaneously exclaim, "What a Rhododendrons are in bloom and at all times with the pine grove they give a beautiful place for a party!" "That wide staircase!" The room happens pledge of privacy. Running through that pine grove is a path along which to be of heavy hand-carved oak, and at this juncture Father gently reminds are outdoor Stations of the Cross where the men in fair weather renew the you that this is a Retreat House for Catholic laymen by calling your at­ memory of Christ's journey up the slopes of Calvary. tention to the life-size marble statue of "Christ the King" which rests ap­ On the grounds there are interesting units. Consider the gatehouse. propriately in what was a deep bay window conservatory. You walk up a step Its baronial proportions would make it the mansion for any ordinary gate­ house. The gardener's cottage comes more within the range of ordinary ex­ or two to a wide landing on your way to the chapel and pause for a glimpse perience with its nine rooms and two baths; then there are two other cottages through the glass doors which frame the lake and the hills. each of six rooms and bath. Besides these there is the Green House capable On the left is the chapel done in soft, warm oak wood, with altar and of furnishing cut flowers for the winter and the early starting of annuals and statues to match. Here you will always find, outside of conference time perennials. Most extensive of all the buildings are the stables and garages. some retreatants talking things over with the Head of this House, of this To estimate the cost of the entire plant at one half million is certainly world and of the next, and if you are fortunate, there you will see one of under-shooting the mark but a million sounds like an overstatement. No the Fathers who seeks courage from His Captain to continue the arduous one seems to know the exact figures. At one time it was on the real estate task of spreading among Catholic laymen the Retreat Movement, a movement market for $250,000, then it dropped to $125,000, and after the house had dear to the heart of our Late Pontiff Pius XI, our present Pope and our Own been closed up for a period of ten years, the Province of New England ob­ Father General, and so apt today as a powerhouse for Catholic Action. tained it for next to nothing for your husbands, brothers, and fathers, to be Directly across from the chapel is the dining room. It is sufficient used for an apostolate. to remind you that this was formerly the family dining room. Here some Is there anything else you would like to know about Campion Hall ? How fifty men comfortably enjoy their morning coffee as they look over the lake it is succeeding as a retreat house for laymen ? Very well, thank you. Here to the far away hills. Retracing our steps and penetrating deeper into the are some figures for the fiscal year of 1939. In twelve months 916 men made house we find that the children's play room is now an office where matters a weekend retreat; during that time in the summer months 137 boys made material and spiritual are discussed in private conferences. Beyond this is a a retreat; in addition there was also a retreat for 27 blind boys, a day of library where comfortable rockers invite the retreatants to while away their recollection for five priests and 20 Jesuit Fathers made their retreat under little free time on the Life of a Saint, or some other book in keeping with the the aegis of Campion. The total of retreatants for the year of 1939 is 1,105. temper of retreat. Then beyond there is another office and a religious article Add them up for yourself. room where the men may obtain missals which they learn to use during the There are retreats every week-end, winter and summer, except during the Retreat. Christmas and Easter holidays. The men arrive Friday night for dinner at Walking along the balcony of the second floor you note in passing the seven o'clock. The hour or so after dinner is dedicated to general greetings wall covering of tooled leather. Off this balcony are retreatants' rooms. In the and acclimation purposes. At nine o'clock there is a Conference followed by rear wing where late the servants sang, the Fathers are comfortably en­ Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament, night prayers and bed. The day sconced. Here and there at strategic points are tiled bathrooms, and com­ begins with morning prayers and the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. At 9:30 modious clothes closets. The top floor, no need to walk up there, has seven there is Conference followed by Meditation. After a short respite the rosary retreatants' rooms. Most of the retreatants' rooms are too large for is recited in chapel, and an hour before dinner a conference is given. The individual occupancy and to bisect them with beaver board or some such afternoon begins at 3:00 with the Way of the Cross in common, a half claptrap would not only make them too small but also spoil the well planned hour's spiritual reading, then Conference and Meditation. This order repeats symmetry. For this and other reasons the house has remained as was to itself the following day and the retreat ends about six o'clock Sunday night the delight of all those who have had experience in renovating a mansion to with Benediction and the Apostolic blessing. suit a different purpose than originally intended. A typical retreat room The groups of men are not organized according to parishes, nor clubs, then has two beds, two chairs, two desks, two rugs (not oriental), two but a quasi C. I. O. method is used. At any rate the general plan has been predieus and a crucifix. Simple but satisfying. For the other conveniences of industrial organization. For example there is the Edison Electric Guild, the household, hear the real estator: "Nothing has been spared to create the Truck Drivers Guild, the Tanners Guild, the Moving Picture Guild, the the maximum of comfort and convenience." Journalists Guild, etc.; then there are the professional men, St. Luke's Would you like to see the guest house? This corridor is as you notice Guild, the Law Associates, Brokers, etc. a quasi-conservatory. Yes, it is very cheery, you see these French windows During the summer months in between the weekend retreats, the boys' let in the sun practically all day. To your left allow me to open that door, retreats are held. A judicial arrangement of the schedule gives the boys doesn't that large linen closet make a nice small chapel? There is another plenty of time for sunshine and out-of-door games. Thus many boys from just like it down beyond. This large room before you is the conference and Boston who see nothing but red brick buildings and crowded streets have round table room. It is very impressive and on a Saturday night during the the opportunity to wander in the woods and at the same time are moulding round table period, the big fireplace is blazing and the men sit around in a their characters, and are storing physical energy for the exercises of sort of semicircle thrashing out some religious problem of the day under the tedious school years ahead. Perhaps more far-reaching were the the leadership of one of the Fathers. Up above us are five retreatant rooms effects singled out by an enthusiastic man of Catholic Action who assisted in similar to those we have already seen. The only change necessary in the organizing: "The boys have reaped much profit from their stay at Campion whole plant was to put in some showers and lavatories. Before you go you Hall, but to my mind two benefits are outstanding, they are acquainted with must see the swimming pool. On your right are the dressing rooms and on the Closed Retreat Movement, about which I never heard for 45 years, and your left are two hot and cold showers. The steps on the shallow end of the their intimate contact with the Jesuit Fathers." pool make it safe for the youngsters, and some of the oldsters, while the There is still much to be done before Catholic men as a body can be gradual shelving to a nine foot depth permits diving. In June all those called Retreat-conscious. To spread this movement so dear to the heart

28 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 29 of St. Ignatius and to our present Father General, so strongly urged by Our T There, in brief, you have the "secret of St. Robert's." The year thus Late Pontiff of happy memory and our present Pope, is worthy of every spent is referred to as the Tertianship, or Third Year of Probation. St. effort on the part of each individual Jesuit and member of the laity. To Robert's Hall, the present home for New England Tertians, is located in the urge men with whom you come into contact to make a closed retreat is an village of Pomfret, which lies in the northeast corner of the state of Con­ Apostolic Work; it is an opportunity for you to invite them to greater per­ necticut. It is a typical New England village in respect to the variety and sonal sanctity and put them in touch with the powerhouse of Catholic Action, size of population, with perhaps more than ordinary picturesqueness in its as the success of Catholic Action depends principally on the deep religious old farmhouses, churches, schools and academies, as well as its occasional and moral life of the layman. Where can this be done better than in a stately mansion, and all these together with the natural beauty of the country­ Closed Retreat according to the Ignatian method? Here is, as Our Holy side, present an ever-interesting spectacle, and amply reward the sightseer Father, Pius XI expressed it in his encyclical on the Spiritual Exercises or tourist, who if he happens to be a Tertian, tours on foot, and likes it. (Mens Nostra, Dec. 20, 1939) "an apt and systematic plan of making spiritual The original property, known as "Courtlands", consisted of the main retreat wherein the faithful are greatly helped to detest sin and to model residence, a structure in red brick and limestone, in Tudor-Gothic style, com­ their lives after the example of Our Lord, Jesus Christ." "It is, therefore, our manding a dominant position on the landscape. Looking towards the East, it earnest desire," he continued, "that these exercises will find greater use affords an especially pleasing view of a wooded valley and of the hill beyond from day to day, and that retreat houses, as the seminaries of perfect Chris­ that is graced by Pomfret Academy and the Rectory School. Lawns and tian life—will become more numerous and operate more splendidly." gardens, trees and shrubs of wide variety add their contribution to this at­ How do you arrange for a retreat? Nothing to it. Simply write to mosphere of quiet beauty, while farming areas, orchards, hothouses, barns, Father Director, Campion Hall, North Andover, Mass., or pick up your phone and when you hear "Number, please," say Lawrence 2-1198. When you run your car so many thousand miles you have it serviced. Do the same for your soul. Campion Hall is your Spiritual Service Station!

ST. ROBERTS HALL

By J. H. K., S.J.

HE day of the four hundredth anniversary of the Papal Confirmation of the Society of Jesus descended rather quietly upon St. Robert's. You who T read these lines, friends, relatives, benefactors of the New England Province and of St. Robert's, can undoubtedly tell us now of the joyous cele­ brations of thanksgiving held on that day in other houses of the Province and throughout the world, and of solemn ceremonies in our churches and schools. But for the greater part of the Community here, the commemoration of that event consisted mainly in the twenty-two individual offerings of the Holy Sacrifice in gratitude to God for the birth of their Mother the Society. St. Robert's Hall, Pomfret, Conn. The rest of the day was much the same as those that had gone before and those that were to follow, a day of silence and of close communion with God. storehouses for produce, garage, gatehouse, and cottages for workmen add The Company formed by St. Ignatius Loyola four centuries ago is a the solid touches of practicality. religious order that combines the life of active service of God with the con­ While the original residence was not adequate to accommodate all needs, templative life of prayerful union with God. So it happens that here at St. only minor changes were necessary to make it into the main house of the new Robert's a group of Jesuits are engaged in a period of their careers that is establishment, for it now comprises the Community Chapel, a smaller chapel, mainly contemplative, carrying out a blessed injunction laid on his sons by conference rooms, libraries, living rooms for the Faculty Fathers and Brothers, St. Ignatius, viz., that after the long years of study and training, after the and the dining room with all the subsidiary appurtenances. An addition of reception of Sacred Orders and a limited exercise of the sacred ministry, his course was necessary to provide for the Tertians' quarters and chapels. This sons return once more almost to the threshold of their religious lives to be was accomplished in the shape of a four-story wing, of simple design, yet in "novices" again, studying in the "School of the Heart." Even the pressing harmony with the original house. The individual rooms are small and simply needs of souls are not to be considered a valid distraction from the work of furnished, yet ideally for the needs of a Tertian, for the space and comfort this year, so important is it for the greater good of souls, for the greater necessary for the life of prayer and study. The first floor, at ground level, glory of God. For it is during this year of seclusion that the Jesuit devotes consists entirely of the Tertians' Chapel, with eighteen altars placed along himself to prayer and humble works, to the interior life, in short, to becoming the side walls, separated from one another by a partition. Here the Tertians more familiar with God in knowledge and love, so to be better able to com­ celebrate Mass each morning and serve each other's Masses. municate that knowledge and love to others in the various fields of labor to which the Society is dedicated. The Tertian's day, which begins and ends with a visit to the Divine Master of the House, is occupied not only with the ordinary duties of the Jesuit priest,

30 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 31 Mass, meditation, Divine Office, spiritual reading, and the two examens of conscience, but to this is added time for extra meditation and spiritual reading. He attends a morning lecture on the rules, spirit and government of the So­ ciety given by the Father Instructor, and spends a certain time each day in THE STORY OF SHADOWBROOK private study of the matter treated upon. He performs the manual labors about the house, of cleaning and sweeping, serving table, helping in the kitchen, and when the need and the occasion offer, helps the Brother in the By JOSEPH F. DONAHUE, S.J. work of the farm and orchards, which at this time of the year consists chiefly in the harvesting of the apple and potato crops. For lighter relaxation there HE many friends and benefactors of Shadowbrook who have ever shown is swimming in season, games for those who can still play them, and walking a high regard for all that pertains to its well-being, would, no doubt, be the country roads. Tglad to learn something of its history. The following is an attempt to Saturday mornings may find the Tertians at the little railroad station set down some of the more interesting details of its life in the hope that they in the village, bag in hand, on his way to one or other of the parishes of the will prove both instructive and pleasurable. diocese, or to some institution for the sick or the aged, for a weekend exer­ Every house has an interesting history—the hopeful plans of its builder, cise of the active apostolate. But even this work is curtailed in mid-September the anxious concern of family and friends, the joy at its completion, the con­ for the thirty day period of the long retreat. sequent series of joyous fulfillments and trying misfortunes, birth and death This is his second and last long retreat, the first having taken place in and birth again, new generations, new ideas, and the abandonment of the old the noviceship. So under the direction of an expert master of retreats, he home for the attractions of a more sophisticated age. This is not the history begins the month of months, thirty days to be spent alone with his soul of Shadowbrook. However, "When was it built?" and "Who were its former and with God, thirty days of the silence that allows him to hear more clearly occupants?" are questions asked by everyone who has ever visited it. Though the divine message that is for him, thirty days of meditation and prayer fol­ Shadowbrook is not quite fifty years old, legend has been laboring zealously lowing the plan of the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius in which that master upon its grand structure—using the credulousness of every fresh group of psychologist combined a deep insight into human nature with a saint's knowl­ Novices to envelop it in an aura of majestic mystery.—Legend says that the edge of God's ways with a soul. stone used in its construction came from Italy; legend says that the red-tile Long Retreat over, the Tertians are once more back in the less strenuous roof came from Scotland; legend says that the objections of the Carnegie routine, and soon the "calls" begin again, together with the next in the list family were strong when it was discovered that the house was sold to the So­ of major "trials", in which the Tertian is to put into practice the principles ciety of Jesus.—Legend says many things which history is forced to deny. he has seen in following Christ up and down Palestine. Small groups begin However, the true history is no less interesting than the fictional. to go forth for longer periods, usually for a month, for work at the hospitals. The ever-changing yet ever-constant beauty of the Berkshire Hills has As the Lenten season approaches, assignments are given out, and Lent finds drawn many to make their homes among them. In the heart of these hills, the house pretty much deserted, with the Tertians away on a wide variety the town of Lenox has grown famous as the site of many beautiful estates, of works-. Lenten courses, novenas, retreats, tridua—in fact, on any and all the homes of persons ranking high among the social and cultural leaders of of the more proximately spiritual works of the Society. After Easter, the the country. Today one may visit the shrines of some of the literary geniuses house begins to fill up again, and finally as the year draws to a close, all are of the last century who once lived in this section of the Berkshires. Among gathered together again in the house of prayer, and together they enter again these are Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry Ward Beecher, William Cullen Bryant, into the "Cave of Manresa", this time to make their retreats without benefit Mrs. Fanny Kemble-Butler, Miss Catherine Sedgwick, and Herman Melville. of retreat director, save the Divine Master of Retreats, who receives them Because of the literary inspiration these men and women derived from the again into His more intimate presence for eight days, to give His fatherly beauty of the surrounding country, the Berkshires have gained the name opinion of their use of His gift, this year of years with which He has blessed "Lake Country of America". And rightly is this name applied, for the several them, to counsel them for the years that lie ahead, to prepare them more lakes that lie among the hills—Laurel Lake, Echo Lake, Lily Pond, and, larg­ securely than ever for the future, to them unknown. For this is the time of est of all, Stockbridge Bowl, or Lake Mahkeenac serve as a most stirring Commencement in the School of the Love of God, and He must give them His sight as they mirror trees and hills, clouds and sky, on their blue surfaces. special blessing as they turn their steps to His earthly representative to find Hawthorne above all seems never to have tired of describing such beauty in what He wants of them, what work, what house, what country in the world­ his "Tanglewood Tales" and "Wonder Book". wide fields white unto the harvest. For at St. Robert's, as on the Mount of Today, driving through Lenox and the Berkshires, one is struck with the the Ascension, His message is the same: "Go ye forth into the whole world number of large and beautiful estates that grace the hillsides. The fields and preach the Gospel to every creature." stubbled with drying hay, brown tillage, a winding drive, bordering trim lawns, and flanked with pine, which leads to a rambling mansion, are common sights. The pioneer among builders of such estates was Mr. Samuel Gray Ward. In 1846 Mr. Ward purchased some property on the heights on the northern shore of Lake Mahkeenac where he developed an estate. This was later sold to Mr. Charles W. Bullard and became known as "Highwood". After an absence of some years, Mr. Ward, still faithful in his love for its countryside, returned to Lenox and purchased a parcel of land on the north­ eastern side of the lake. There he built a rambling wooden mansion which bordered the present entrance-drive of Shadowbrook. He named his estate "Oakswood" for a dense grove of oak lay at the rear of the house. Mr. Ward and his family were Protestant. Once, while traveling in Europe, Mrs. Ward visited with her close friend, Miss Jane Sedgwick—of the well-known Stock-

32 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS PECEMBER, 1940 33 bridge family—who was a Catholic. While in Rome, Mrs. Ward became a Several years after and his family had come to live at Shadowbrook, Mr. Catholic and was followed by her children in later years. When she returned Stokes met with a nearly fatal accident. This misfortune made him decide to to Oakswood, she had an oratory erected in her home and named it the Chapel divide his property into two estates and to sell his new home. This he did, of the Holy Spirit. Here she fostered the devotion of her children and here and he and his family went to live at "Brook Farm" which borders on Shadow­ came a priest from Lee every Sunday to celebrate Mass. This was the first brook, and where the Stokes family now resides. The division of the estate chapel to be erected in Lenox. Another building on this estate is said to left Shadowbrook with three hundred and fifty-eight acres and Brook Farm have been the site of the first Mass celebrated in that town. with six hundred and forty-two. After Mr. Stokes sold his former home, the In 1892 Mr. Anson Phelps Stokes purchased Oakswood. The house was property changed hands several times. It was once used for one year as a demolished, leaving only what is now Campion Cottage. But the spirit of that summer hotel. Catholic woman and her family has not been destroyed. There, as in former About 1915 it was purchased by Mr. Andrew Carnegie as a summer home. days—in another chapel, which is now called the Chapel of the Holy Spirit— Under the supervision of Mrs. Carnegie the grounds were beautifully land­ the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass is now offered. A gift of a stained-glass win­ scaped. Various species of trees and shrubs were planted, including spruce, dow from the oratory of Mrs. Ward was recently presented to Shadowbrook by pine, hemlock, plane, Japanese maple, and mulberry. On the eastern side of the Mrs. William C. Endicott, her granddaughter, and first sacristan of her chapel. house was installed a fountain and pool which is now called "Sacred Heart" When Mr. Stokes purchased Oakswood and surrounding tracts of land pool. It is said that the care of the grounds and gardens alone require the em­ reaching to the slopes of Richmond Mountain, he decided to build a family ployment of some fifty men. After the death of Mr. Carnegie in 1919 his widow home. The site he chose was ideal. Situated about a quarter of a mile back decided to sell Shadowbrook and take residence in Scotland. In 1922 she sold it from the lake, at an elevation of two hundred and fifty feet, it commanded a to the Society of Jesus of the Vice-province of New England. Her feelings view of the Stockbridge Bowl in all its grandeur. To the west lay Richmond at the time were quite contrary to the ungracious sentiments of which legend Mountain, extending for about a mile at a right angle to the property, green at times has accused her. The generosity manifested by Mrs. Carnegie in with oak and pine and birch and hemlock. To the southeast was the low accepting a very small part of the actual value of the property shows an un­ ridge of Rattlesnake Mountain. Far to the south the blue haze of Monu­ mistakable goodwill towards the Society. ment Mountain rose up, its eastern extremity appearing remarkably similar New England was gradually emerging as a new stronghold of the Society to the face of an Indian hewn in the rock. Beyond this appeared the dim out­ of Jesus. When Very Reverend Father General Wlodimir Ledochowski wrote line of Taconic range. In the center of this interlapping series of ridges lay a letter in 1921, establishing the Vice-province of New England, and making the silver expanse of Lake Mahkeenac. Such a site required a correspondingly the late Rev. Patrick F. O'Gorman Vice-provincial, he said: ". . . There is, in majestic house, and Mr. Stokes was not unaware of this. truth, a lack of an adequate number of houses in that section (New England). The interest evoked by the new home Mr. Stokes was building was wide­ Consequently, consideration must now be given to the building of a Novitiate spread. The weekly rotogravure sections of the newpapers featured the prog­ and of a Scholasticate, either of philosophy or of Theology. . . ." The com­ ress of the workmen. People spoke of it, came to see it, and were awed by modious Shadowbrook, silent, segregated, adaptable and so reasonably priced, what they saw. At last, after two years of labor, it was completed. Its red- was the answer. tile roof could be seen from afar. The style of architecture was a combina­ In June, 1923, a group of Fathers and Scholastics came to Shadowbrook tion of Norman and Elizabethan. The two massive towers, one at the south­ from the Novitiate at Yonkers, New York. Rev. J. Harding Fisher was first western, the other at the eastern corner of the house, the many parapets, and Rector and Master of Novices; Rev. Gerald J. Dillon was Minister; and the the solid proportions of the lower part—all constructed of Lee granite— late Rev. Joseph J. Williams was Procurator. Many raised eyebrows greeted gave it the substantial appearance of some old English abbey, while the burnt- the occupation of Shadowbrook by the Society of Jesus. It could not be oak and mastic of the upper portion recalled a picture of Stratford-on-Avon. understood how a religious order, bound to practice Poverty, could live in a The front of the house looked out upon the lake. There was a high arched home so lavish and pretentious. But those who looked, and lifted eyebrows, porch in the center, and another extending along the eastern side of the house. had given only a superficial glance. Construction of a new Novitiate was out The main hall was a small interior garden, in the midst of which stood a of the question. The spaciousness of Shadowbrook made it better suited for fountain. On the left were large reception-rooms, and a ballroom whose walls a hundred rather than for one; the quiet and retirement necessary for a No­ and ceiling were of polished oak. To the right was the library and the dining vitiate was afforded by its situation; and the terms of its owners were very room. The latter had walls of polished oak and a large, finely wrought wood- reasonable. In its poverty the Society realized that this was the best solu­ carving over the fire-place. Beyond this lay the scullery and kitchen and tion to its problem of founding a new Novitiate. The home which these several pantries. Ascending the main staircase, one noted a lavishly carved Fathers and Scholastics entered was but a shell of opulence. The interior was balustrade, and panelings, both of stained oak. The second floor had fourteen fully stripped of its luxurious furnishings; there remained only the ex­ master bedrooms, five servants' rooms, and several other rooms. On the third terior grandeur. Many who would come to visit Shadowbrook—"to get a view floor were ten master bedrooms, twelve servants' rooms, and a few smaller of it"—would go away admiring its wealth, both natural and material. But rooms. There were also large cedar-closets on these two floors. To this new the young men who would dwell within the cloister would "get a view" that home Mr. Stokes gave the name "Shadowbrook". This name was taken from was far different. They would see in the grandeur of its exterior an excellent that of a small brook which flows down from Mt. Baldhead and runs through lesson in detachment, and in the paucity of its interior accommodations a the western part of the estate. In his "Wonder Book" he described the brook means of realizing the virtue of Poverty. and told how it received its name: "At noon our juvenile party assembled in a dell through the depths of which ran a little brook. The dell was narrow, and Although adequate to suit the needs of its new occupants, naturally al­ its steep sides, from the margin of the stream upward, were thickly set with terations were necessary. Some were adopted as makeshift measures and trees, chiefly walnuts, and chestnuts, among which grew a few maples. In the have remained so. On the second and third floors at the eastern end of the summer time the shade of so many clustering branches meeting and inter­ house, the partitions of several smaller rooms were removed to make large mingling across the rivulet was deep enough to produce a noon-tide twilight. dormitories. The ballroom was converted into the main chapel; the library Hence came the name of Shadow Brook." became a conference room. No alterations were required for the latter, nor

34 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 3$ for the refectory which took place of the main dining room. The scullery and vent us from proceeding with the division which has been long con­ kitchen and refrigerator room were retained. Suites were divided into rooms templated " On July 31, 1926, therefore, the Province of New England was for the Fathers and Lay Brothers. The many bright, spacious, and airy established. apartments were easily made into classrooms and study rooms. Each Novice Since 1923 Shadowbrook has had four Rectors: Rev. J. Harding Fisher and Junior has a desk in a study room containing from twelve to fifteen oc­ (1923-1927), Most Rev. William A. Rice D.D. (1927-1931), Rev. John E. Lyons cupants. There he spends most of his time during the day—praying and (1931-1937), who was succeeded by the present Rector, Rev. John J. McEleney. reading and studying. It is his world; his way of imitating the privation and In the same period there have been two Masters of Novices: Rev. J. Harding obscurity of Nazareth. Fisher (1923-1930) and Rev. John J. Smith who is Master of Novices at pres­ This was the transition of Shadowbrook—where once one learned the ent. In addition to the Rector and Master of Novices, there are value of riches, one now learned the value of poverty. Nothing typifies this twelve other Fathers now at Shadowbrook. They include Rev. Bernard B. Boylan, transition as does the conversion of the ballroom into the chapel. At the Minister, Rev. William J. Healy, Dean of studies, and instructor in English eastern end of the room was a huge fireplace over which was a panel, two for both Poetry and Rhetoric years. Rev. William W. Kennedy, instructor in feet wide and about eight feet long. On this were carved the symbols of Greek for Poetry year, and moderator of the Latin debating society, Rev. Medieval Chivalry; a lance, a battle-axe, a shield, and a sword. The main James J. McDermott, instructor in Latin for Poetry year, Rev. Edward G. altar was placed against the fireplace but the panel remained. Just as a Callahan, instructor in Greek for Rhetoric year, and prefect of the house li­ Medieval Knight, Ignatius of Loyola, laid his lance and battle-axe and shield brary, Rev. John J. Sampey, instructor in Latin for Rhetoric year, and moder­ and sword at the altar of Our Lady of Montserrat and took a road that led ator of the English debating society, Rev. James F. Geary, instructor in His­ from riches and high position to poverty and humiliations, so Shadowbrook tory and Education, Rev. James M. Leavey, instructor in French and in placed its lance, battle-axe, shield and sword at the altar and took a road that Liturgical Music, Rev. John W. Chapman, instructor in Latin, Greek, and led from wealth and honor to poverty and obscurity. Just as Saint Ignatius English for Novices, Rev. Matthew Hale, assistant to the Master of Novices, was destined and fitted for the great work of founding the Society of Jesus, Rev. Robert W. Campbell, Spiritual Father to the Juniors, Rev. Donald P. so Shadowbrook seems to have been destined to teach the young Jesuit the O'Connor, Procurator and sub-Minister. In addition to their regular duties true spirit of Poverty. He senses that he is living in a house that was once these Fathers frequently aid the secular clergy by celebrating Mass, giving lavish. However, bare walls and uncovered floors tell him that tapestries and sermons, novenas, and Lenten courses in the various churches in the sur­ draperies and rugs and the comforts of wealth have been put aside in order rounding towns of Lenox, Lenoxdale, Lee, Housatonic, and Pittsfield. Weekly that the Society which Saint Ignatius founded might keep his spirit. a Father goes to the C.C.C. camp on Mt. Greylock. Cathechetical instructions Being a Novitiate, Shadowbrook was dedicated to the Patron of Novices, are given to the C.C.C. boys from nearby camps weekly by Rev. Robert W. Saint Stanislaus Kostka. The main chapel was named in honor of Saint Campbell. The Novices teach the Catechism to the children in the parishes at Anne. Other small chapels about the house are: Saint Joseph's and Saint Lenox, Lenoxdale, and West Stockbridge every Sunday. Ignatius' on the first floor, those of Saint John Berchmans and the North Some three hundred and fifty Scholastics have spent their Novitiate and American Martyrs in the Juniorate, and those in honor of the Blessed Virgin Juniorate at Shadowbrook and have then gone on to Weston College for and Saint Stanislaus in the Novitiate. A number of shrines have been built Philosophy and Theology. Of these, about one hundred and fifty have been about the grounds by the Novices and are maintained by them. At the ordained. Its present occupants number one hundred and nineteen. There are northern corner of the property, near the Richmond road, there is a beautiful fourteen Fathers, thirty-five Juniors, forty-seven Scholastic Novices, eleven grotto to Our Lady of the Way. On the entrance-drive there is a shrine to Coadjutor Brothers, eleven Coadjutor Novices, and one Coadjutor Postulant. Saint Aloysius. On the western side of the house is the shrine to Saint Isaac This year thirty-two young men have entered the Novitiate and their large num­ Jogues, and farther on there is one to the Mother of Consolation. The faith­ ber gives a hope that some day—for its history is not yet complete—a new ful care of the Novices and Juniors keeps the many flower beds fresh with a wing will be added, and a new chapter of its story will be written. variety of plants and flowers during the spring and summer months. A trim plot of ground has been set aside as a cemetery where eight members of the Society who have died while at Shadowbrook now rest. Under the care of the Coadjutor Brothers the farm supplies an abundance of summer and winter vegetables. The barn, which was planned and built by Brother Thomas Glennon, houses a herd of twenty-two cows. Campion Cottage, the remnant of the Ward mansion, has twelve rooms. Several Coadjutor Brothers and oc­ casional retreatants live here. It also houses the bakery, and tailor shop. Abundant opportunities for healthful recreation are supplied by the lake, which offers swimming and skating, the ball-field, and the tennis court. Not unmindful of the beauty of the surrounding country, Novices and Juniors make hiking a favorite sport. The road about the lake, Mt. Baldhead, and Richmond Mountain are customary destinations. The transition of Shadowbrook effected another transition also—the status of the Vice-province of New England. In July, 1926, Very Reverend Father General wrote: ". . . . Since vocations in each part of the province (Maryland-New York) are growing in number from year to year, and the divers works of the Society are quite successfully progressing, and since a House of Probation and a College for Ours, which were desired in New Eng­ land, have happily been founded, there is nothing which now appears to pre-

The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS 36 DECEMBER, 1940 37 the throne and preached the sermon for the occasion. After the Mass the Bishop was celebrant at Benediction of the Most Blessed Sacrament. Chap­ lains to the Bishop were the Rt. Rev. Monsignor A. J. Luckey and the Very OUR ARMY (WAINS IN ACTIOS Rev. James Bradley. A choir of nearly 30 Jesuit scholastics from St. Mary's College sang hymns for the Mass and at Benediction. The Military Field Mass and the great success of Ft. Riley's observance of the Day of National By REV. JAMES P. SHEA, SJ. Prayer are due to the untiring efforts of our New England Jesuit in the middle ITH the increase in the armed forces of the United States and the west. impending compulsory military service, the need of chaplains for the Chaplain Dugan's main concern is about the attitude of mind of the forces W Army and Navy has increased proportionately. Accordingly, the Auxil­ under his jurisdiction. He writes, "It is not merely a question of guns in this iary Bishop of the Military Ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church in war. This is a war for something more than guns and planes and machines the United States, Most Reverend John F. O'Hara, has appealed to the of destruction. It is a war of the mind, a war of faith in the Almighty and secular clergy and to religious orders and congregations for two hundred a life lived in accordance with that faith. Our young men must be taught to and seventy-five priests to serve as Catholic chaplains. Many of them will realize that the Catholic religion is not something to be limited to attending be called from the Organized Reserves or from the National Guard. How­ Mass once a week, but thinking and living every day of their lives according ever, there is need of many more priests if the work of caring for the spiritual to the teaching of the Catholic Church. . . . The evil of the present hour is needs of Catholic soldiers and sailors is to be done with any general efficiency. the gross indifference to religion. On the fertile field of indifference the dia­ In accordance with its practice, the Society of Jesus of New England has bolical seeds of Communism and state idolatry will grow and blossom." been prompt to respond to the needs of the Church. On July 1st, 1940, Rev. CHAPLAIN GEORGE M. MURPHY. John J. Dugan, S.J., former chaplain of the C.C.C. in the Vermont area, and "It is a little too soon to be able to give you much about the work except previously Catholic Chaplain of the Boston City Hospital, entered active duty first impressions. However, I shall try to hold to actual experiences and to at Port Riley, Kansas, with the initial rating of First Lieutenant. In August, evade any conclusions that might involve error because of inexperience." Rev. George M. Murphy, S.J., Mission Procurator, transferred from the Or­ "First of all, a rather thorough census of our regiment, made at Fort ganized Reserves to Catholic Chaplain of the 241st Coast Artillery, Massachu­ Wright during the three weeks of camp, brought out the fact that about 79% setts National Guard, and had active training for three weeks at Fort Wright, of this regiment are Catholics. This is rather extraordinary for a regiment Fisher's Island, N. Y. This regiment was ordered into Federal Service on that is not famously Irish, like the old Ninth of Boston and the old Sixty- Sept. 16th and moved into the Harbor forts on Sept. 23rd. In the meantime Ninth of New York. However, the reason for this great percentage lies in the several Jesuit priests of the New England Province have made application fact that the enlisted personnel is drawn from Greater Boston, Fall River and to the War Department for appointment as chaplains in the Army and Navy. New Bedford—the first with a large Irish and Italian extraction, the second It may be of interest to our readers to read a brief summary of the duties and third with large populations of French-Canadian, Portuguese and Irish of Army chaplains. Their duty as outlined in Army Regulations, is extraction. Until we went to camp there was but one chaplain for the regi­ a. To provide opportunity for public religious worship; ment, Chaplain (Lt. Col.) David H. Hickey, a Methodist. By increasing, b. To supply spiritual ministration, moral counsel and guidance to all however, the enlisted personnel to full peace time strength, the War Depart­ under military jurisdiction; ment authorized two chaplains to a regiment. Obviously with such a per­ c. To be the exponent of the benefits of religion as an aid to right centage of Catholics, the new chaplain should be a Catholic priest and the thinking and acting; commanding officer Col. William D. Cottam, eventually was directed to com­ d. To foster the building of personal character and contentment by ex­ municate with me, since I held a reserve commission in the Chaplain's Corps. ample and instruction. I accepted the appointment and was transferred from the Reserves to active duty with the Massachusetts National Guard. The President's order fol­ The Chaplain is an officer on the Staff of the Commanding Officer and it lowed and I went with my regiment into one year's active training in the is his duty to advise the Commanding Officer in matters pertaining to public harbor Forts of Boston." religious observances and with respect to the morality and morale of the "The 241st Coast Artillery is distributed throughout the forts of Boston command. "In the performance of his duties the Chaplain is accountable Harbor. They are at Fort Ruckman, Nahant; Fort Heath, Winthrop; Fort solely to the commanding officer. Ultimate responsibility for matters of a Waite, Deer Island; Fort Strong, Long Island; Fort Standish; Fort Warren, religious and moral nature within a command devolves upon the commanding George's Island; Fort Andrew, Peddock's Island; Fort Duvall, Hog Island; and officer as completely as do strictly military matters." (Army Regulations.) Fort Revere, Hull. Fortunately, all the Forts but Forts Andrews, Warren, The Chaplain, no matter what his rank, is addressed as "Chaplain". The and Standish have easy access to the local churches. Catholic Chaplains have initial grade of a Chaplain is that of First Lieutenant with pay and allowances permission to say three Masses on Sundays and Holy Days and I am able to of that grade. The Chaplain may be promoted to the grade of Lieutenant say Mass at the three forts mentioned above. I have Mass here at Fort Colonel after years of service. Only the Chief of Chaplains attains to the Andrews (Headquarters of the regiment), at 7:00 a.m., in the warehouse; rank of Colonel and that only during his four-year tenure of office. then I pack my Mass outfit and am transported by open motor-boat to Fort CHAPLAIN JOHN J. DUGAN. Warren about a mile away where I am supposed to begin Mass about 8:30 a.m. However, with delays it is nearer 9:00. Finished at Fort Warren, I pack On Sunday, Sept. 8th a Military Field Mass was held in the stadium the Mass outfit again and am transported in the same boat to Fort Standish. by the personnel of the historic army post of Ft. Riley, Kansas, under the There I unpack the outfit and set up the altar and begin Mass about 10:15 a.m. direction of Brigadier General Robert C. Richardson, Jr., commandant of the Things have been rather makeshift to date. As I noted above, we have Mass in post, and Chaplain John J. Dugan. Chaplain Dugan was celebrant of the the warehouse here at Fort Andrews; at Fort Warren I have said Mass in three Mass. The Most Rev. Frank A. Thill, D.D., Bishop of Concordia, presided at different places on three successive Sundays, depending upon what place

38 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 39 was available for a large gathering; at Port Standish, for want of a large enough shelter, the first two Sundays we had Mass in the open in one of the gun pits but for the past two and until permanent barracks are built, we have held Mass in one of the larger mess-tents." "So far as the work of the rest of the week is concerned, there is no THE DEAF-MUTE APOSTOLATE regular schedule determined as yet because of the want of adequate water- transportation. True, I am able to get to any of the Forts each day by some one of the three boats that make regular calls. However, I can hardly visit By C. N. BLAIS, SJ. more than one fort a day when I have to depend upon the boat schedules. For example, if I wish to visit Fort Revere which is only a short distance up npHE sympathy of the ordinary person for a deaf-mute hardly compares the hill from the landing at Pemberton, I may take a boat at 8:30 or 9:00 a.m. I with his feelings for those who labor under some other handicap, such as across Hull Gut. I cannot get back, however, until the 1:00 P.M. boat. To blindness for instance, for these infirmities and the difficulties they impose visit the other forts I have to follow time schedules that make my moving are readily perceptible and excite our sympathy. The deaf-mute's plight is not around very difficult. There are no night boats on the schedule. Since I do so easily discernible. Yet from a priest's point of view, the mute needs and not say Mass at most of the forts, I feel that I should have some regular deserves more attention than others, for he naturally lacks one of the most schedule whereby I would arrive at a certain fort in the afternoon, I would essential means for his development as a rational being destined for a super­ hear confessions and be available for consultation in the evening and I would natural end. He is without speech and hearing, the ordinary medium of con­ say Mass in the morning. Thus things would be made convenient for those versation. Unless some practical substitute is offered him, education and re­ who desire to receive Holy Communion with some regularity. As it is, only ligious training are beyond his reach. the men at Fort Andrews have this convenience. This is better understood In the early days of civilization, in the glorious days of Greece and when one realizes that except in rare circumstances, there is only one break­ Rome the condition of the deaf-mutes was most deplorable. They were looked fast call in the Army—you make it or you don't eat until dinner." upon as accursed monsters, treated as insane, or often relegated to the slave "There is a great deal of work to be done and the soil is ripe for the gangs. If a deaf child were born to parents of nobility, it was considered a harvest. Without any solicitation on my part, in the month I have been here disgrace. The kindest consideration granted the child was isolation, quite I have five men taking instructions. I had one baptism on Oct. 13th, the frequently death was its fate. daughter of one of the Regular Army men stationed at Fort Warren. It must One day the Jews brought one of these deaf-mutes to Our Lord who be many years since they had such a ceremony at Fort Warren, the history was moved by the poor man's affliction. Doing good to all, the Savior did not of which is most interesting, its present fortifications (not its guns! ! !) dating forget the mute. "His ears were opened and the string of his tongue was back to 1850." loosed." In her zeal to fulfill the divine commission to teach all men, the Church has always sought to extend the charity of Christ to this afflicted class. Many priests and saints have devoted their time and study, always seeking a practical means of "conversation" for these people. Among them we find such names as the Venerable Bede, St. John of Beverly, St. Francis of Sales, patron of the death, Father Lana Terzi, S.J., and Abbe de l'Epee. In the seventeenth century Father Terzi proposed that the deaf should learn to converse by "first learning to perceive the dispositions of the organs THE XAVIBIt GUILD OF CATHOLIC ACTION of speech in the formation of sounds, and then imitating them: and by recognizing speech in others by lip reading. In 1760 Abbe de l'Epee first This GUILD is exactly what the name expresses, and the Catholic offered the deaf a practical and definite system of signs for the communica­ action envisioned and carried out is the financial aid to the Jesuit Missions. tion of thought. While the idea of using conventional signs instead of words Rightly is ST. FRANCIS XAVIER the Patron. During the autumn season was not a new one—the old monasteries had been using them for centuries— Rev. Fathers Edward L. Murphy, Terence L. Connolly, and James L. Monks this French priest taught his sign language and soon gained international have spoken on the various and interesting topics, viz., The Phenomena of and lasting fame. The sign language is used today by nearly all deaf mutes Mysticism; The Real Ireland; Eastern Christianity. and by those most concerned for their welfare. The Winter lectures are as follows: Groups of Jesuit scholastics in the United States have been preparing The Peace of Antichrist, Rev. John L. Bonn. George Santayana, his to carry on the work of such apostles as Fr. Moeller, S.J., and Fr. Purtell, S.J. influence on the religious thought of the United States, Rev. Louis E. Sulli­ A small group learned the signs under the tutelage of Brother Rosenecker, van. Graft and Conscience, Rev. John C. Ford. S.J., who, having deaf parents, had extensively used the sign language. When they arrived at Weston nine years ago, they formed a Dactylology Academy. On March 25 will be held the special lecture that annually attracts hun­ Once a week a period of recreation was set aside to study and practise in or­ dreds of enthusiastic auditors. Announcement in the next issue of the NEWS. der that they might be of some assistance to the deaf wherever they might All lectures of the Xavier Guild are open to men and women. They are chance to meet them in later life. Hardly had they begun when the late held at Hotel Sheraton, 91 Bay State Road, Boston. Father John D. Butler, S.J., called upon them to help him at the Boston Catholic Deaf Center. Since that time the Academy has grown in numbers The officers of the Guild: and its members are engaged in various activities, all directed to the ad­ President, Miss Ellen L. Flynn; Treasurer, Miss Mary E. Murray; Sec­ vancement of the apostolate. retary, Miss Julia F. Visall; Registrar, Miss Rose H. McLaughlin. Commit­ On the first Sunday of each month a group of three sets out from Weston tee: Mrs. Mary J. Abrams, Miss Mary K. Cusick, Miss Hazel M. Gaffney, College for the Boston Center to preach and instruct. They distribute a bul­ Mrs. John R. Horgan, Miss Anna M. Madden, Miss Anna R. Mahoney. letin of a catechetical nature. Articles are written for the "Catholic Deaf

40 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 41

1 his early years tor education and religious training. Consequently many are inadequately equipped to meet the trials and temptations later on in life and easily lose the Faith, as experience has sadly shown. In some institu­ tions generous and zealous nuns have supplanted the lay teachers and have been able to offer at least the elements of a Catholic training. "Faith cometh to the hearing," said the Apostle Paul and the deaf must "hear" the Gospel preached. May the Sacred Heart of Jesus continue to bless this work and all those who assist in bringing to them His Message of truth and love.

perpetual Jfflemberstfnps; October 2—November 16, 1940 Perpetual Memberships—Deceased—Margaret R. Mooney, Robert D. Toomey, Helen F. Tryder, Edward Brady, Peter Edward Lyons, Thomas Gerard Kelley, Anthony Andrew Breen, Miss Mary Herlihy, Joseph H. John­ son, Thomas J. Daly, Mrs. Mary Goldsmith, Mrs. Elizabeth FitzGerald, Patrick W. Day, Louis Henry Buck, James H. Melynn, Johanna Melynn, Mrs. Mary Cushing, John Gillis, Mrs. Mary Sullivan, Ann Elizabeth Tucker, Mrs. Edward J. Walsh, Mrs. D. J. Anthony, Mrs. Delia A. Corcoran, Eliza­ beth Hewitt, Anna O'Day, Mrs. Ellen Keady, Mr. John P. Gleason, Mr. Frank A. McAnulty, Margaret Agnes McCarthy, Michael H. Lynch, Joseph St. Louis, Thomas F. Cahill, Edward J. Connors, Mrs. Delia Myers, Mrs. Catherine J. O'Connell, William F. Cook, Mrs. Harriet A. O'Brien, Edward J. McCarty, Harry V. Bannon, William M. Riley, Mrs. Agnes E. Gilday, Richard A. Gilday, William J. Reilly, Alice Welch Reilly, Mrs. Margaret Kelly, Daniel Larkin, Mrs. Edward M. Gallagher, Mrs. Susan Greene, Mrs. Mary Agnes Kernan, Elizabeth F. Sheehan, Mrs. Catherine Gooley, Mrs. H W n , V^ r n- N» lm S^-* M- B- WaIsh' J" J" LaBran> C- N- B'ais, Bridget A. Scully, Mr. Thomas J. Deeley, Sr., Katherine McKeogh, H. W. Durst, T. J. Kelly, B. J. Reilly. Back Row—Messrs. J. D. Donoghue, E. S D. Edward Bourbeau, Mary E. Bourbeau, Everett E. Gillis, Mrs. Nora Hor- Stanton, J. P. Carew, J. A. Glavin, W. B. Cahill, P. T. Lucey. rigan, Patrick Edward Fardy, Mrs. Agnes M. Hills, Mrs. Sara Callahan, Mr. The text signed: ". . . the deaf hear ... and to the poor the Gospel is preached." Clement J. Werner, Mr. Matthew J. Daly, Mr. Joseph L. Owens, Margaret M. Hughes, Ellen Hughes, Mary A. Regan, Thomas, Hannah and Mary Luke VII. 22. Lane, Mrs. Mary O'Connor, Mr. Thomas Hedderman, Mr. Frank Foley, Wil­ The signs as they appear: Back row: 1, 2, 3, "deaf hear": 4, 5, "and": 6 "to"- liam Sheridan, Ella Sheridan. Marion Sheridan, Rev. John Whelan, Michael Front Row: 1, "the poor"; 2, 3, 4, "Jesus Christ Book"; 5 "is"; 6 "Preached." Whelan, Ellen Whelan, Mary Kane, Ella Sheridan, Edward Whelan, Mrs. Teresa Finn, Mrs. Elizabeth K. VanTassel, Martin T. Hart, Thomas Francis Doherty, Mrs. Adeline C. Adams, John J. Feeney, Mrs. Margaret Hanson, Dr. John J. Whoriskey, Jeremiah J. Moynihan, Mrs. Alice Quinn, Bartholo­ Mute, the official Catholic newspaper. In recent years a Seminary Bulletin mew Galvin, Patrick O'Kelly, James J. Whalen, Mrs. Helen Collins, Mrs. Teresa V. Griffin, Mrs. Catherine Donahue, Michael Crowley, William R. has been published and sent to Jesuit houses of study. Through the medium Mountain, Timothy J. Nelligan, Mrs. Esther B. Buckley, Mrs. Margaret A. of this paper Dactylology Academies in other provinces present their achieve­ Regan. ments and problems to each other for consideration and suggestion. Every "talk" with the deaf-mutes inspires the young Jesuit to greater Perpetual Memberships—Living—Mr. and Mrs. Donald S. Donnelly, effort and zeal in the apostolate. He finds that, as a class, the deaf are a Gertrude S. Meehan, Loretta McGroarty, Charles I. McGroarty, Thomas F. most cheerful and grateful people, eager for instruction and appreciative of McGroarty, Mrs. Anna Gilmore, Mrs. John F. Gilmore, Mrs. Mildred Deeley, every little attention given them. Whenever a member of the Academy is Miss Rose Scorpion, Alexander DeCosta, Jr., Francis Joseph Naphin, Jr., first introduced at the Center, the first questions the people ask are "How John O'Day, Miss Helen M. Curran, James Birmingham, William Sheridan, long will it be before you become a priest? Will you come back to us then?" Raymond Sheridan, Helen Sheridan, Sr. Marguerite de Sales, Sr. Mary This year the pioneers of the Academy were ordained and now return to Elizabeth, Mrs. Mary A. White. hear confessions and give consolation and advice in the sign-language There is much work to be done among the deaf in this country especially Family Perpetual Memberships—The Family of Maurice F. and Agnes T. Walsh, Mr. and Mrs. Harry W. Ball and Family, The Family of Mr. and in the larger cities where they are quite numerous. While a normal child Mrs. Richard Donovan, The Glavin Family, Mr. and Mrs. Patrick E. Somers spends eight or nine years obtaining a grammar school education, the deaf- and Family. mute must spend most of that time simply learning how to grasp another's thought and to express his own. Thus he has little time and no facility during

42 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 43 pervades them. There's something about them that you find nowhere else. Perhaps it is because you meet in one group assembled the most live Catholics who come thither from school and parish, from nursing school and college. You feel that your walking around and joking and working and playing SODALITY SNAPSHOTS with a crowd of Christ's modern saints, not the pietistic imitations of sanctity, but young boys and girls, men and women who have fallen heels over head in love with the King and are anxious to learn how they can do more to spread His Kingdom. An interesting development of the Schools noticed by those who have been with them since the start ten years ago is this. In the begining the students were predominantly nuns. Then as the FALL MEMORIES OF A SODALITY SIMMER summers have rolled away more and more of the layfolks have come, the sisters have thinned out, priests and seminarians have increased in number. By RICHARD ROONEY, S.J., Regional Secretary The classes of the Summer Schools, from the opening Class at the foot of the Great Leader's sacrificial altar where a recited-Mass is offered daily, to the last of the elective classes of the mid-afternoon are all aimed at OMETHING special for the centennary edition," the Reverend Editor said. And something special it will be! In casting about for that par­ teaching the attendant students the best methods for becoming intelligent, S ticular quality which has marked the Sodality of Our Lady for the past effective leaders, men and women who have given themslves to Christ, who near-four hundred years there are many ideas that pop into one's mind. Cap­ are trying to bring others to do the same, who are fighting the anti-Christ ping them all, however, is the quality, the idea of its vitality. To those who forces in the country, town, neighborhood, school or store or workshop or look upon the Sodality as definitely dead or at least moribund such a thought office in which they live and move and labor. or characteristic may sound like the wishful-thinking of an enthusiast. But The general sessions this past summer dealt with two main ideas, wishful-thinking can't produce facts. And the facts are the very things that "God wants you to be happy right here and now in this world as well as in make you say, "The Sodality is old, but so is the Church. Neither the the hereafter-world," and "God's closeness to the world." The latter were Church nor the Sodality, however, are ancient or old-fashioned or fossilized." conducted by various members of the Summer School faculty, the former by They are both very much and very progressively alive! the National Director, Fr. Daniel A. Lord, S.J. And to stop for a moment, Starting nearly four hundred years ago in the Society's Roman College may we say that it's worth the time, trouble, expense and fatigue (and there as an organization which aimed at forming Catholic Leaders and bringing is fatigue, for the "six days you'll never forget" are strenuous days!) of them to Christ through Mary, the Sodality has spread throughout the world attendance at the School just to see, listen to and meet Father Lord. His until today there are nearly 65,000 individual Sodalities throughout the world. courses are a delight in their freshness of approach and their zestful pres­ In every land, even despite the destructive death that strikes so many, it entation. If you attended his classes only, you'd come away from the school carries on today, this crack regiment of the Queen, the far wider and more practically shouting to the world, "Poor old world, I feel sorry for you. terrible war for Christ and against His enemies. In our own United States I want to do something for you, I want to help you to feel as I do. I want to it is probably the largest Catholic organization numbering some 12,000 or­ make you able to chime in with me and say, "Gee, it's simply swell to be ganized and active units. Here and abroad the Sodality boasts a history that a Catholic, to be a real Catholic!" makes one smile at those who say that it was a good organization but is out­ moded. It has not only made a thrilling story in the past. It is still writ­ Because of the different types of Sodalities represented at the School ing a vivid page into the biography of the Church today. the students divide after the general sessions and go to sectional meetings where the organization and successful conducting of Parish Sodalities for As we sit here in mid-fall with the copy-boy pounding at our door, mem­ men (there are some 650 such active in the country) and for women, for ory carries us back to the "good old summer time." It brings before our Schools of Nursing, for High Schools and for Colleges are explained and minds pictures of the most striking example of the Sodality's modern vi­ clarified and energized. Though the Sodality ideals are the same for all, tality, the Summer Schools of Catholic Action. There you see the Sodality these classes show how the different groups in their varied concrete cir­ at its best. It is laughable to think that an organization which can gather cumstances are to attain them. together just below 6,000 top-flight Catholics in St. Louis, San Antonio, Detroit, New York and Chicago for six days of intensive training in Catholic The SSCA offers a wide variety of classes called electives, which give lay-leadership is passe! And that's what the Summer Schools did last some idea of the organization's breadth of scope and interest. There are year. Perhaps one of the most pleasurable phases of those days for those classes for priests and nuns and lay-moderators on how to present Christ who have attended the Schools for several years is to watch the newcomers. to the modern mind; live methods of teaching Catechism are offered; how most effectively to participate actively in offering Holy Mass; Catholic Often they've been inveigled against their own wills to come. They ap­ Literature, its appreciation and creation; problems of citizenship and democ­ proach the whole business with a you've-got-to-show-me air. They come, racy; mental prayer, vocational guidance, parliamentary procedure, study if not to scoff, at least to be convinced. And they stay to thrill to the courses. and discussion clubs, the leader's personal holiness, the Mystical Body and They leave to be flaming apostles who will bring others in the year to Modern life, practical psychology for leadership, all of these subjects come. The Summer Schools of Catholic Action conducted under the aus­ have their place in the curriculum.—Oh, yes, there is a time given for lunch, pices of the Sodality of Our Lady are an annual voluble fact, shouting the too, but there seems to be an amazing unanimity of knowledge of how that vitality of the same Sodality to the world. is to be done! Finally Father Nell, from Effingham, Illinois, has a course on For one who hasn't attended one of the Schools it is easy to recon­ how to enjoy yourself and how to recreate in the way that gives Catholics struct the program of those days, but it is hard to capture the spirit that

44 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 45 a maximum of fun, that is, with and for and in Christ. Looking back over the line-up of classes we're inclined to say, "Rather vital, eh, what?" That gives an idea of what the Sodality is doing here in the U.S.A. in our own day. That gives you an idea of why we call it a live organiza­ tion. Please, God, we'll have more of the schools next summer. (The places WESTON COLLEGE STAMP BUREAU and dates will be announced in these pages later.) We'll hope to see you at one of them. Then when the New England fall and winter rolls By PAUL T. LUCEY, S.J. around next year we can get together before a cosy fireplace and relive joyously those six days that, so help me, Harry, you can't forget. Why? A MAZING as it seems, around the stamps. Our working hours are Because you'll never want to! ordinary postage stamp has grown limited to periods of recreation. This up, in the course of some years, a does not leave us time to spend in hobby that fascinates millions. Yearly trimming. Hence we stress the need the number of stamp enthusiasts is of neatly-cu t stamps—they sell for growing, and as a consequence there twice as much as those with an excess has been a proportionate increase in of paper. Friends of the Missions, the demand for stamps of all kinds. thank God, have been numerous and CRAMELL PREPARATORY SCHOOL When there is a demand, human in­ their contributions generous. Pack­ genuity will create a supply. Business ages of all shapes and sizes, sent to us '"PHE newest educational institution ings, all adequately furnished, adorn houses large and small, witness to the daily, supply us with the necessary of the New England Province is the property. As the need arises, bright horizon of profit that stretches mixture for shipments ranging from the Cranwell Preparatory School, other structures will be added. out before a dealer in stamps. ten to one hundred pounds. But we Lenox, Massachusetts. Through the Fulfilling a long felt need in this Religious are not by profession need stamps. More and more of generosity and vision of Mr. Edward part of the country, Cranwell has business men. Nor have they as a them. Though we realize in some H. Cranwell, a prominent New York taken as its objective the development body a special interest in stamps. But years as much as $2000 from these Catholic layman, the property and of the entire boy. physically, mentally "the fields are white unto the har­ bits of used paper, the sum could buildings, formerly known as the and morally. This ideal is pointedly vest", and the laborers must be shel­ be trebled, if more friends joined our Berkshires Hunt and Country Club, expressed in the motto of the school tered, clothed, and nourished. Ap­ Crusade. Our working hours are lim­ were deeded to the Society of Jesus "AD INTEGRAM VITAM" (towards plying St. Ignatius' principle of "us­ ited. Friends of the Missions, then, of New England in May, 1939. a complete life). The faculty is en­ ing creatures in so far as they help" must continue to cooperate as gen­ Cranwell Preparatory School to the salvation of souls, religious erously as they have. tirely Jesuit, and the tutorial method bodies all over America set up their opened its first scholastic year in Sep­ of teaching is in great measure used. God does not evaluate profits in tember, 1939, with a total registration sorting tables, and sent out appeals dollars and cents. Hence even if To a boy entering the first year, a for cancelled stamps. These, they much time spent in gathering stamps of 68 students. It is located in the four year course of studies is offered. saw, can be turned into medicine for town of Lenox, long a center of cul­ were to be of but little material The Academic Honors, Academic Non- missionary and native. They can set help, our sacrifice would not be fruit­ tural activity and social prestige. Honors and Scientific Courses are pre­ up in war-stricken China, in African Situated in the very heart of the less. We can not now know the rich­ sented. wildernesses, in the "bush" of Ja­ ness of the graces poured into the Berkshires at an elevation of 1200 The new school is incorporated un­ maica, tablernacles for the Prisoner feet, it offers unique educational ad­ spiritual treasuries of missioners. The der the laws of the Commonwealth of Love. For do not the pagans few minutes spent by us in the cause vantages to Catholic boys desirous of of Massachusetts. Rev. John F. hunger and thirst for Truth and Life, of Christ's missions will, we are sure, preparing for College, and completely Cox, S.J., former Dean of Holy Cross even as you and I ? be multiplied by Him at a high rate rounded courses for those who should College, is the Rector. On the fac­ At Weston College the New Eng­ of interest and deposited to the ac­ have a firm background for ethical ulty there are twelve priests, three land Province of the Society of Jesus count of our brothers on the missions. and intelligent living in the future. scholastics, and one coadjutor brother. established its Mission Stamp center. Because our benefactors realize tais, At present the school is conducted ex­ The enrollment for the scholastic The Scholastics, students for the we have been able to carry on the clusively for boys of high school age year 1940-1941 numbers 100 students priesthood, carry on the work of the Stamp Bureau these many years. A and ability. of whom 85 are resident and 15 non­ Bureau, in all its details. daily remembrance in the masses and The campus of the new institution resident. Though comparatively new, Of course, we must have stamps. prayers of the Fathers, Scholastics, contains 400 acres of land situated on Cranwell Preparatory School has a Relatives, friends, schools, convents, and Brothers of our Province con­ an eminence overlooking Laurel Lake. background steeped in Jesuit tradi­ stenographers, banking-houses, brok­ cretes our feeling of gratitude to all It is one of the most picturesque spots tions, unexcelled and permanent. Its ers—all are urged to join our twenti­ who help us. in the entire Berkshires. A skating first efforts have been abundantly eth century Crusade—a Crusade for pond, rolling hills for skiing, miles blessed by God, and its future with of bridle paths through mountain His assistance is assured. It is New woodlands, a golf course, tennis England's contribution to the fourth courts, and athletic fields grace the centennial of the Sons of Ignatius in wide expanse of campus. Six build- the field of Catholic education.

46 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 47 cis Carty is prefect. Mr. Daniel Foley read a paper on "Mental Prayer" and the Sodality plan for the year was WESTON COLLEGE outlined. On the following Thurs­ THE MARCH OF TIME—1540-1940 day evening the Sacred Heart Academy had its first meeting. Mr. By REV. JOHN A. MADDEN, S.J. T^HE FOUR HUNDREDTH ANNI- Felix Talbot read a timely paper on A VERSARY of the Confirmation of "The Individual as He Fits into the the Society of Jesus was celebrated Totalitarian Scheme and the Plan of N 1521 a Spanish officer, fighting in the army of King Ferdinand of Arra- at Weston with a triduum of Bene­ Christ the King." Again this year gon asrainst a French force, bravely urged his soldiers to continue the dictions, ending on the Anniversary Father Edward Murphy is moderator. I struggle against hopeless odds. Though wounded in the battle, the gallant Day with a Solemn Benediction, in Mr. Nicholas McNeil is prefect. officer insisted that the flag of Spain be kept waving over the walls of the which the Te Deum was intoned. besieged town of Pampelona to stir in his men the never-say-die spirit that Reverend Father Rector was cele­ THE THEOLOGIAN CATECHETI­ was his, because he believed in the cause for which he was fighting. brant, Father James Barry, deacon CAL GROUP, numbering twenty-five Ignatius Loyola was the name of the officer. This high-spirited young and Father Frederick Bailey, sub- in all, teaches catechism each Sunday man had to endure a convalescence of many months until the wounds of battle deacon. at Weston, Wellesley and Auburndale. were healed and, to while away the long hours he began, without enthusiasm, The Weston Catechetical group is un­ to read the lives of Christ and the Saints. The final result of this reading THE CACHET, commemorating the der the leadership of Mr. Joseph Mad­ was to be Ignatius the Saint. He thought out a plan that his iron will re­ Anniversary of the Confirmation, was den; the Wellesley group under Mr. solved to put into action. He was saddened as he thought of the enthusiasm the joint inspiration of Mr. James Harry Ball, and the Auburndale group of men for earthly kings, and the unselfish service soldiers gave to their lead­ Monagle and of Mr. Paul Lucey, Di­ under Mr. J. J. Donovan. ers in comparison with the half-heartedness shown to the King of Kings— rector of the Stamp Bureau. The de­ Jesus Christ. Here in his own Spain men were trained in the tradition that sign, itself, was the work of Mr. Wil­ THE WESTON COLLEGE SEIS­ to die for one's kinsr is the highest chivalry. He saw men sacrifice themselves liam Read. The Stamp Bureau was MOGRAPH UNIT has been engaged and die on the battlefield to satisfy the whims of an emperor; soldiers hungry widely congratulated for the aptness recently on two public service proj­ and in thirst smilinsrly march to sure death with enthusiasm because they and beauty of the cachet. Last, but ects. The first was in assisting the counted the glory and honor of Spain above their own personal safety. not least, the Missions benefited ma­ Town of Weston in an attempt to find Ignatius played with the new idea that came to him during his enforced terially by the generosity of those suitable water reserves. The second idleness. He formed a definite plan. He would seek out a few chosen men, who purchased cachets. was in testing along the right of way give them his idea, and pray and suffer for its success. No mere dreamer With the closer approach of mid- of the new tunnel for the Metropoli­ this man! No mere visionary was this soldier, but a man of action. He fall and cooler weather, the gardeners tan Water Commission to determine pictured the Kins of Kings—not a stationary picture of Christ, but a Christ have been busy removing flowers, and the depth of the bedrock. Father Mi­ in action. "The fields are white unto the harvest . . . and the laborers few." most of the fine garden beds have a chael Ahem recently delivered a lec­ He gave to his chosen few the picture of a world conquest for Christ—to deserted look. Work about the ture to the community, accompanied bring men back to God. His men were to be ready at a moment's notice to grounds continues. The Theologians, by a short film, showing the Unit in go anywhere ... to suffer all the human frame can endure ... to be at home under Mr. Mortimer Gavin, have re­ action, and describing the method in any place ... to work unceasingly and with enthusiasm for the Kingdom paired and extended the road run­ used by the Unit in doing such work. of God on earth because they believed in it wholeheartedly. His men must ning to the saw mill, while the On October 9th, the Weston Com­ believe in this idea of his, and believing, they must fight and die for it. Philosophers have nearly brought to munity had the happiness to join in If but two out of every eleven human souls on earth are Catholic, the completion an excellent piece of work the celebration of the Fiftieth An­ fault is not due to St. Ignatius. For four hundred years now, men have in building a new road which will niversary of Father Swickerath in the taken the Ignatian idea and have won many peoples to God. A Xavier— meet the present road at the shrine Society of Jesus. The admiration and whose story needs no telling here—was one of the men chosen personally by of Our Lady. Mr. Raymond McClus- affection in which he is held, was Ignatius to revolutionize the world. How well he succeeded is indicated in key is in charge of the new road. shown by the letters of congratulation the fact that today Francis Xavier is called the modern Paul, the Patron of by his many distant friends, and by Missionaries, and Patron of the Society for the Propagation of the Faith. The dignified and beautiful cruci­ Jesuit missionaries from the time of Ignatius till now have sacrificed home fixion group recently installed in our the delight of all here at Weston in joining wtih the Jubilarian on his and country in answer to the ideal that is implanted in every son of the cemetery is admired by everyone. The soldier-saint of Spain. great Cross and the life-sized figures anniversary. After dinner, Reverend blend perfectly into the background Father Rector, as master of cere­ Today Jesuit missionaries—4,000 in number—may be found in every of trees. monies, introduced Father Lawrence land—north, south, east and west. Many of them live under harsh condi­ Kelly, who was ordained with Father tions in places few white men have been, living lonely lives at the very out­ THE PHILOSOPHERS' SODAL­ Swickerath, and Father James M. posts of civilization, but always with a smile on their lips and a song in Kilroy, former Provincial, and Rector their hearts for the cause to which they have dedicated themselves—the ITY ACADEMY held its first meeting Greater Glory of God and the salvation of souls. So they march on today. of the school year on the evening of of Weston. In reply the Jubiliarian responded and narrated some of the Year by year many of them fall in the line of march, but the banner of the September 30th. Father Frederick King—even as was the flag of King Ferdinand on Pampelona's walls—is C. Bailey is moderator and Mr. Fran- highlights of fifty years. DECEMBER, 1940 49 48 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS caught up by another of these men of Christ ... as the dying missioner goes on to report to his King, Jesus Christ, and his Captain, Ignatius. No mere dreamers or visionaries are these men of 1940 in Iraq and Jamaica and China and the Philippine Islands, not men of action only— but action that is reinforced by prayer. They are men who have seized THE JAMAICAN TAPESTRY upon the idea inherited from Ignatius, the soldier-saint. They are putting his plan to work, and they are proving the idea that germinated and blos­ By FRANCIS X. DOWNEY, S.J. somed so well in the sixteenth century is a practical and workable one in the twentieth: to believe in the cause of Christ—to translate that belief into T is a terrifying thought to conjure up the picture of what Missionary life action—to work for it with enthusiasm—to suffer and to die for it till God's for the Jesuits in Jamaica would be without the unstinted aid of Christ's harvest is completed and the human race is safe within the Kingdom of God. I Sisterhoods. Other Blessed Virgins are these handmaids of the Lord as Such has been the idea of the Jesuit Missionaries through 400 years. they go ever in quest of the other Christchild of eight or eighty. If it was ever given to know the reality of the words, "Whatsoever you do to the least of these my brethren, you do it unto Me," these Sisters have possessed that sustaining knowledge. No record of Jesuit achievement in Jamaica or elsewhere would or could be adequately written if the Sisters were left out of the picture. Missionary life in Jamaica is indeed a tapestry oil mysterious weaving and when it is done who shall know the fingers that wove the glorious threads. It is difficult to know where the fingers of the priest left off and where the delicate weaving of the Sisters begins, and above all, how much of it is woven silently and un­ seen by the Divine fingers of Christ. We see only one side of any tapestry. Jamaica and its apostles have never been addicted to writing chronicles and much valuable history has not been committed to record. Life in Jamaica militates against detailed accounts of great doings: the reason may be the "REQUIESCAT IN PACE" climate, scarcity of paper, fatigue, or last but not least, that discoverable Joseph J. Williams, S.J., was born on the first of December in 1875 in Bos­ quality called modesty. In the month of October, 1857, there occurred an event destined to bring ton. After very brief studies at Boston College he entered the Novitiate at many blessings to the Island. Four Sisters of the Third Order Regular of Frederick, Maryland, on July 28, 1893. He completed his philosophical St. Francis arrived from the Motherhouse in Glasgow, Scotland, They were studies at Woodstock and afterwards taught at Xavier High School in New Mother Veronica who had been Superior of the Franciscan Sisters in Scot­ York City. He was ordained by Archbishop Farley of New York at Wood­ land, accompanied by Sisters DeSales, Paula and Philomena. A generous stock in 1907. During the following year he taught at St. Andrew-on- benefactor, Judge Richard A. O'iReilly discovered that they had arrived with Hudson. Father Williams was treasurer of Woodstock College for a few exactly two shillings six pence in their large pockets. He weighed them down years and afterwards held the same position at Holy Cross College from 1917 with ten pounds. to 1922. The latter years of his life were spent at Boston College in various For many years these wonderful Sisters from Scotland worked near- capacities. For some few years he was Treasurer of the New England miracles with the schools and institutions of the Island. But distance from Province. the Motherhouse in Scotland and the great dearth of native vocations made a new alliance inevitably necessary. As usual the United States was thought During the last twenty years of his life, Father Williams was awarded of. It was Father Porter who established an affiliation of the Franciscan many honorary degrees for his anthropological studies, and received signal Sisters at Alleghany, New York. After thirty-three years of labor the Scotch honors from several Scientific Societies. He was the author of many books. Sisters yielded to the American Franciscans. Mother Catherine and Mother Father Williams spent the last few months of his life at Shadowbrook where Salome came to Kingston and heralded the advent of the noble band of Sis­ he passed peacefully and quietly away on October 29, 1940. ters who bless with their ministrations everyone with whom they come in R. I. P. contact. On nothing much but prayer and hope the Franciscan Convent was opened on East Queen St. In the following January they started a boarding and day school. After two years St. Joseph's Elementary School was begun in an assembly room attached to Holy Trinity Church. Shortly after that by dint of meagre living and hard work a place on Duke Street was purchased and a building erected. Little by little and one at a time, the surrounding lots were secured until at last the imposing Duke Street Convent that we all knew until the dreadful fire of 1937, was in full operation. Today it is well nigh inconceivable to try to imagine what Jamaica would be were it not for the Franciscan Sisterhood. In the year 1880 Rev. Father Porter managed to acquire a fine piece of property of about fifty acres, known as ALPHA. It lies in the Eastern sec­ tion of Kingston. Here he started an Orphanage, and a Girl's Industrial

50 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 51 School. He placed it under the direction of a semi-religious organization of Tabernacle, is Bishop Cushing. In a book entitled "In the Service of the devout ladies who took vows but wore no special habit. In 1890 just fifty Lepers," Bishop Cushing tells the story! years ago, and shortly after the arrival of Bishop Gordan from England, there "Jamaica—land of sunshine, sparkling in the Caribbean Sea. Jamaica— came to bless Jamaica a little band of Mercy Sisters from Bermondsey, Eng­ land of darkness, lost in the depths of superstition! What a contrast! And land, under the leadership of Mother Winifred. They were seven in number yet that is just what Jamaica is to the onlooker who is interested enough to including a novice and a postulant. After fulfilling all the ecclesiastical re­ peer beneath the surface. One among a thousand similar islands in the south quirements of religious procedure the devout ladies of Alpha were accepted Atlantic, Jamaica has now become THE ONE among the thousand; it has into the Mercy Sisters and the first establishment of the Community was lo­ become the opportunity among a thousand for the Missionary Sisters of the cated there. Within a few years, a Boys' Orphanage was added and gradually Society of Mary, for they now include that island among those of Oceania in the thriving ALPHA, as it is still called, developed into the splendid institu­ their sphere of activity. A little in from the coast where tourists visit popu­ tion that we know today. lar resorts and see the Jamaica of travel posters lies another Jamaica—the Today, the Sisters and their schools have spread and multiplied. It was land of poverty, ignorance, and suffering—this is the Jamaica of the Mis­ through the efforts of Father Harpes that the Dominican Sisters of Perpetual sionaries. It is to this Jamaica that the Governor General of the island has Rosary were brought to Jamaica. They came from the Motherhouse at Ho- invited the Missionary Sisters to establish another mission, placing the Sis­ boken, N. J. For some years they were engaged in teaching and then in 1917 ters in charge of a leper hospital of 160 patients. For some years this lepro­ when the new Sanatorium was completed they were placed in charge of it. sarium has existed on the island, but under secular management. The gov­ In 1928 under the inspiring guidance of Bishop Joseph N. Dinand a new ernment officials, familiar with the leper hospital of Makogai, and all that the Community of native Sisters called the Franciscan Missionaries of Perpetual Sisters have accomplished there, thought that under similar direction the leper Help was founded. Mother Humiliana of the Franciscan Sisters already hospital of Jamaica might become another Makogai, making all allowances established on the Island was chosen to head this young and now flourishing of course for the difference of nationality and temperament. Community. They have long since taken a prominent place among the hero­ Conditions in Jamaica are entirely different from those of the Fiji settle­ ines of Christ working for His cause in Jamaica. Young in years and ardor ment. Lepers are not strictly forced to remain segregated, but are allowed these Blue Sisters, as they are called from the color of their habit, are doing to remain in their own home as long as they do not mingle too freely with the grand work in the endless vineyard of the Lord. non-diseased. Those in the hospital seem to come and go with little restric­ The year nineteen hundred and forty, a jubilee year for many great things tion. Living quarters at the hospital are crowded and because most of the in the Church, has now witnessed the entrance of another group of Sisters work has been left to the patients, conditions today are almost as primitive as to the Isle of many springs. It is the dream of a priest come true. they were at the founding of the settlement. It would appear that very little THE CALL TO THE LEPERS systematized treatments have been given, hence no cures have been possible. Christ calls to His own in strange ways at strange times and in strange The dread of the lepers has grown to such proportions that only those who have places. Franklin Street throughout this Country is known as a business no other shelter voluntarily seek the refuge of the leprosarium. mart. And yet, just as in his day, Saint Thomas More was a strange if not Joyfully answering the call "In the Service of the Lepers," the first unique contrast in the traffic of the kingdom, so today his little Oratory at group of Missionary Sisters of the Society of Mary have arrived at their 49 Franklin Street in downtown Boston is in the world of which it has no destination. The circumstances surrounding their departure were marked by part. The hundreds upon hundreds who in their daily passing stop to enter a spirit of simplicity typical of their community. They will be of interest to and kneel and pray know that the door-step of the little oratory is the en­ their benefactors and friends. trance to another world—one of peace, solace and strength. The New York boat left the port of Boston on the evening of July 1st. Above this oratory named in honor of the great Chancellor of England Among the passengers were the four Sisters destined for Jamaica. It was the are the business bureaus of the Propagation of the Faith, The Catholic Guild first lap of a memorable journey. For more than a year they had been prepar­ for the Blind, the Diocesan paper, the Pilot, the Charitable Bureau, and other ing for and anticipating this day. A few relatives and friends, some of the offices. Sisters from St. Theresa's Convent in Bedford, the officers of the Sen Fu Club It happened upon a morning, while kneeling as is his wont before the and the Alofa Malia Club, mission-aid societies that helped the Marist Tabernacle, before ascending to his executive desk in the office building Sisters, and the Directors of the Propagation of the Faith Office had gathered above, that Christ looking upon the plaintive cries of His own lepers in to wish them Godspeed. Jamaica, flashed their affliction before the vision of a priest in prayer. "The The boat sailed. The port of Boston faded into the blue horizon. A new other nine" may have been the Gospel of the Mass that morning and it still chapter had opened in the history of the Missionary Sisters of the Society of re-echoed in the heart of that priest. Or a leper, a dead soul in a living body Mary. Henceforth an island in the Atlantic was to be added to those in the may have passed him on Franklin Street, in the parade of contrasts. This Pacific where this missionary community of nuns would administer in the name priest whose office is under the same roof with Jesus Christ knows to the full­ of Christ to the poorest of the poor. The Directors of the Propagation of ness of its extent that "Without Me you can do nothing." the Faith Office in Boston accompanied the Sisters to New York. Franciscan From the moment of Christ's call to the heart of that priest the story Sisters in the Italian section of New York, whose Sisters staff some of the runs rapidly. "With Me you can do all things." The summons of this priest schools in Jamaica, offered hospitality to the travelers until the morning of for the meagre but mighty mites of thousands of cheerful workers and givers July third when the boat of the United Fruit Line lifted anchor for the West went forth with Faith and confidence in their generosity. Christ's call was Indies. relayed to the Motherhouse of the Missionary Sisters of the Society of Mary. The last lap of a long journey began at noon on the day before the Fourth And from Bedford, Massachusetts it was relayed to Makogai, Fiji Islands in of July. In more ways than one it was a long journey for it really began the Pacific. Those who love Christ count no costs! the previous year. It was in the spring of 1939 that the Mother House of the The priest that knelt in St. Thomas More Oratory, to whom Christ Missionary Sisters, despite incessant appeals for more nuns from the islands whispered "My lepers . . . Jamaica," the priest whose office is just above the of Oceania, placed their trust in the Lord and accepted the call to staff the

52 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 J3 leper asylum in that sector of the mission field. Mother Mary Agnes, the Afterwards Jamaica and Jamaicans were blessed by the presence and veteran superior of Makogai, and Mother Mary Mark, the Mistress of saintly works of venerable and heroic priests in the persons of Father Novices at St. Theresa's Convent, Bedford, made a special visit to Jamaica JAMES E. DUPERON, Father PORTER, Father WOOLLETT, Father JAMES to complete the arrangements. That was the start of the present journey. JONES, Father DUPONT, Father JOSEPH BERTILIO, and a glorious line of Back to Fiji went the venerable Mother Agnes. Two of her assistants, Sister co-workers. Then came the days of Bishop GORDON, Father JAMES Mary Zita and Sister Mary Germaine, were chosen for the new leper mission. NOONAN, Bishop COLLINS, Father PATRICK MULRY, Father JOHN The former had spent nine years at Makogai, the latter seven. They reached HARPES, Bishop O'HARE, Fathers, F. X. DELANEY, F. J. KELLY, MAU­ the States in the latter part of May, 1940. Ere long Sister Mary Bernardine RICE PRENDERGAST, ALFRED OATES, WILLIAM NEVIN, HENRY and Mother Mary Mark were designated to complete the first departure group WENNERBERG, THOMAS CHETWOOD, JOSEPH WILLIAMS, JAMES for the leper asylum in the Atlantic. They have reached the goal. The Divine KELLEY, JOSEPH M. A. KELLEY, FERDINAND WHEELER, JOSEPH Friend of the Lepers, represented by those four nuns, now dwells in another DOUGHERTY, OLIVER SKELLEY, Father GUINEY, and their saintly co- leper home. temporaries. Then came Bishop DINAND, Bishop EMMET and the present The Government of Jamaica has provided for the maintenance of the Sis­ day harvesters. ters. But there were many obligations associated with new mission that were The present personnel of Jamaica is as follows: far beyond the meagre resources of the little community. The Propagation of Bishop and Vicar-Apostolic, Most Reverend THOMAS A. EMMET, S.J. the Faith Office in Boston appealed for aid. The response was extraordinary. Superior of the Mission and Vicar-Delegate, Very Reverend THOMAS J. Many who will read this booklet were among the contributors. It is impos­ FEENEY, S.J. sible to name them all. God knows them. That is sufficient. The Sisters will Father Superior is also Rector of the College, and has a place on several give them a share in their merits. There could be no greater reward. Government Committees (e.g. School Board, Government Industrial Schools, One prayer remains to be answered. May God grant that more young etc.). women will offer themselves "In the Service of the Lepers" and In the Service of Other Missionary Works Sponsored by the Marist Sisters. HOLY TRINITY CATHEDRAL "What, Me a Missionary Nun? Why Not?" Father RAYMOND FOX, S.J., Prefect of the Church, Parish priest, Direc­ tor of sodalities, and Minister of the Community. Father JOSEPH LeROY, S.J., Parish priest, sodalities, etc. Thus ends Bishop Cushing with that piercing question in the language Father WILLIAM MeHALE, S.J., Parish priest, sodalities, etc. of the day to the girls of today. Bishop Cushing is waiting for an answer: Father M. O. SEMMES, S.J., Parish priest, Chaplain of Insane Asylum, four Marist Sisters in Jamaica are waiting for the answer; suffering lepers Prison Chaplain, etc. dear to the heart of the God-Man are waiting for some answer; but, from Father JOHN SHEA, S.J., Relieved of his work as Chancellor, now a full you the modern girl reader of this story of heroines, CHRIST is awaiting time Parish priest. YOUR ANSWER! SAINT GEORGE'S COLLEGE HEAD MASTER, Father WALTER BALLOU, S.J., who succeeds Father Jamaica Yesterday and Today LEO BUTLER, S.J. Father BUTLER is now in charge of all the HE secular history of Jamaica has been a turbulent one, and the story Catholic Schools of the Island, and is also serving time as a teacher of the Church there has had many and various shades of adversity and in the school. Ttriumph. Contrasts are ever heightening the interest and the life of TEACHERS: Jamaica. Nature's moodiness that blesses the morning with serenity and Father JAMES A. ARMITAGE, S.J., Editor Catholic Opinion. sunshine may blast the afternoon with a hurricane or a deluge—while the Father JOHN BLATCHFORD, S.J., Chemistry Department. sun still shines. Rain may ruin the crops in Portland while Saint Mary's Father RICHARD COAKLEY, S.J., Chaplain, etc. lies parching. The career of the early Church knew its deluges and its tor­ Father JOSEPH COUNTIE, S.J., regular Chaplain to the Franciscan nadoes. Jamaica passed from Spanish rule to a period of Cromwellian tyranny Sisters. and persecution. Under the Crown for many years the Church had a difficult Father DIONYSIUS CRUCHLEY, S.J., Sportsmaster. path to travel. Fortunately, things have improved. Father FRANCIS DUTRUM, S.J., Physics Department. For many years the Island was served by Franciscan monks and others Father WILLIAM HANNAS, S.J., Prefect of Discipline; also teaching but no systematic control of missionary work is evidenced by any Congrega­ and junior sports. tion. At best it seems to us now a bit of haphazard work. Zealous souls Father CHARLES JUDAH, S.J., also Dramatics. wandered to its shores, labored for a while and either departed or died. Father JOHN J. MORIARTY, S.J., also Chaplain of His Majesty's Troops. On January 10, 1837, Jamaica became a Vicariate and Father BENITO Father THOMAS E. O'LALOR, S.J., also Regular Chaplain to the Sisters FERNANDEZ became its first Vicar-Apostolic. At the same time The Holy of Mercy. Father ordered the Jesuit General to send as missionaries some French, Eng­ Father JOHN P. SULLIVAN, S.J., also the Young Men's Sodality. lish and Spanish Jesuits. For some time everything was progress and peace. Father JOHN J. WILLIAMS, S.J., Language Professor. On November 12, 1840, the Island was tranquil enough but in the afternoon of that day a human huricane returned to the Island in ,hi> person of an These priests give a full time week to school work, but are subject to call Irish priest named Father MURPHY. In his wake came a schism. The new for many of the odd jobs that crop up in a Mission Land. Also living at Winchester Park in Kingston, is the hero who tries to bal­ Vicar-Apostolic had his hands full. But Father Murphy with his grievances ance the ever unbalanced budget, Father HENRY MUOLLO, S.J., who is finally left the Island and calm was restored. constantly "taking some one's place," around the Island.

54 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 SS T"

The unsung heroes, the LAY BROTHERS, are: Brothers MAURICE THE SOUTH COAST MISSIONS: AHEARN, MICHAEL LYNCH, THOMAS McELROY, EDWARD WEATHER- SPANISH TOWN—Since the Marist Sisters have come to take over the HEAD. Leper Asylum, this mission received one of the out missions of MANDE- V1LLE added on to it, but also received an extra Father. IN THE CITY OP KINGSTON: SPANISH TOWN, Church, School and Missions. Saint Anne's Church, School and Mission. Father FRANCIS GILDAY, S.J., Pastor. Father DANIEL DWYER, S.J., Pastor. Father RICHARD DREA, S.J., Assistant. These Fathers have a little of city and country. In the city of SPAN­ Father FRANCIS OSBORNE, S.J., Assistant. ISH TOWN they have a church, residence, sister's school and a big one Their work includes City Hospital, Maternity Hospital, Poor House, a so- •too, leper colony, poor house, hospital, prison, and this not being enough called Slum District, and an out mission, (now almost a full-time assignment they also have the out missions of MAY PEN, GREGORY PARK with because of its growth) known as Saint Peter Claver, where there are a a church and Government school, and PORT HENDERSON. MAY Church and a parochial school. The Saint Anne's School is one of the biggest PEN is a transfer from the MANDEVILLE Mission and is a town in Kingston, and the Franciscan Sisters teach there. church. The other missions are among the poor fishermen of the south Holy Rosary Church, School and Mission. shore. Father PHILLIP BRANON, S.J., Pastor. SAVANNA-LA-MAR: Father WILLIAM F. COLMAN, S.J., Assistant. Father SYDNEY JUDAH, S.J., Pastor. Ten years ago this was a little mission by itself. Now it has grown A Jamaican-born Jesuit lives at malarial SAVANNA-LA-MAR. There immensely because of the building up of that part of the city. The School he has a church and home—but must also cover the out missions of is a parochial school at the mission itself. Outside the city proper, these TOP HILL (where there is a church), BRIGHTON, and ORANGE Fathers have another mission known as Harbour Head, where there is a HILL (with small churches), REVIVAL (church and Government church and a government school. Also in their section is the Hospital of the school). His district is all malarial, and poverty is a prevailing char­ Dominican Sisters—the Catholic Hospital of Kingston. acteristic of his people. Saint George's Preparatory School, which is under the direction of Father JOSEPH KRIM, S.J., whose work is to take this school through its Infancy NORTH SHORE: and send more and better prepared boys to the regular Saint George's. MONTEGO BAY. For many years this has been a one man misson but hereafter there will be two men. LUCEA which had been attached to HOLY CROSS CHURCH, SCHOOLS AND MISSIONS. SAVANNA-LA-MAR is now returned to the MONTEGO BAY Mission, Once an out-Mission of the Cathedral, Holy Cross, is now a Center. A and will be covered by new and beautiful Church, priest's house, Native Sister's Convent, and Father JAMES BECKER, S.J., Pastor. an Academy are on the site. Father JEREMIAH O'KEEFE, S.J., Assistant. Father CHARLES EBERLE, S.J., Pastor. At MONTEGO BAY, headquarters, there is a church, priest's house, Father GEORGE KILCOYNE, S.J., Assistant. convent, school. The out missions are LUCEA where there is a church These Fathers also take care of a Mission on the outskirts of the city, and cottage; READING, a church and school combination, CHESTER known as Whitehall, where there is a Church and a government school; CASTLE (inland) and FALMOUTH. Franciscan Sisters teach the the teachers are the Native Sisters; and Father EBERLE has children. just begun a new mission in a district called Camperdown. Also living at Holy Cross as their Headquarters, but working in the coun­ THE NORTH SHORE MISSIONS: try districts are Father EDWARD SCOLLEN, S.J. His main Mission HIGHGATE Missions—a change here too, for two missions have been is TOLL GATE, which promises soon to be a one man job; but he also shifted to this district, and hereafter two priests will work from this covers in the hills the missions of GORDON TOWN and HAGLEY GAP. center. Father SCOLLEN has to worry about a parochial school at TOLL HIGHGATE GATE, a Government school at GORDON TOWN, and a real "bush mis­ Father ANDREW OCHS, S.J., Pastor. sion" at HAGLEY GAP in the Blue Mountains. Also in his district is Father THOMAS BURKE, SJ., Assistant. the New Government Tuberculosis Hospital. At HIGHGATE there is a church, priest's residence, Sisters' Convent Father FREDERICK J. OWENS, S.J., once Pastor at SPANISH TOWN, and Academy (Franciscan). From here the two Fathers have to cover now lives at Holy Cross Rectory. His work is the Junction Road Mis­ a vast territory. PORT MARIA, where there is a church and Sister's sions. Father OWENS has a very difficult line-up in so far as none of school, also a hospital and poor house; PRESTON HILL, church and his stations can be of real financial help. DEVON PEN, church and Government school; MILE GULLY (church); ANNOTTO BAY school combined (a Government school); TOM'S RIVER Church, MOUNT (church); AVOCAT, church and Government school; MAY RIVER FRIENDSHIP, where there is a church and school (Government), and (church), Mass is also said in the districts known as ORACABESSA, the Government Industrial School at STONY HILL where he is the FREE HILL, BELFIELD and FORT GEORGE. Plenty of territory Catholic Chaplain. And all these missions are in the so-called "bush", and they will need a new car. The missions of AVOCAT and MAY which means bad roads and killiner walks. RIVER used to belong to the PORT ANTONIO Missions. A new job caused by the war, has been opened in a district that lies PORT ANTONIO Missions in Father Scollen's territory, but soon to be a one man Mission Father DENNIS TOBIN, S.J., Pastor is allotted to Father WILLIAM FEENEY, S.J., who is to be Parish PORT ANTONIO is headquarters with a church, priest's house, con­ Priest in a newly built REFUGEE TOWN for people from GIB- vent, academy (Sisters of Mercy). Besides this, Father TOBIN has a RALTA. shore mission at BUFF BAY, a "bush" mission at MOUNT JOSEPH

56 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 $7 with a Government school there. Father TOBIN has started another country mission. MOEANT BAY Missions Father VIDAL, a secular priest from Propaganda College at Rome ST. IGNATIUS GOLD as Pastor. He also covers the out missions of PORT MORANT, MAN- CHIONEAL, and YALLAHS. He is a colored priest who was born in BOSTON. The following officers were elected at the opening meeting Trinidad and formerly assisted at SAINT ANNE'S in KINGSTON. of the Guild: Mr. Lawrence Mills, President; Mrs. Margaret Harrington, Along with Father WILSON, a priest from the same college in Rome, Vice-President; Miss Eleanor Greene, Secretary, and Miss Helen Larkin, they are the only non-Jesuit priests in the Island. Treasurer. A vote of thanks for loyal and efficient service is offered to Miss Several priests labor in the interior of the Island. Helen Carolan and Miss Mary Larkin in their capacity as secretary and SEAFORD TOWN Missions treasurer for several years. Father Frank Sullivan, S.J., Retreat Master Father FRANCIS G. KEMPEL, S.J., Pastor. at Campion Hall, gave an interesting illustrated lecture on "A Martyr Jesuit After many years of hard labor, Father KEMPEL has a place at of Early New England—Father Rasle on October 14th. Thanks and orchids SEAFORD TOWN that is a monument to him and his people. A to the great many benefactors, known and unknown, who contributed to the church, convent (Sisters of Mercy), Government school where the Sis­ success of our Raffle and Penny Sale. The winner of the raffle was Mr. ters teach; also an Infant School, and a home. This priest also covers Michael Lynch of Boston. Second Prize was awarded to Mr. James O'Leary out missions at PISGAH and BLACK RIVER. of South Boston. Father Frederick J. Donovan, S.J., veteran missionary MANDEVILLE Missions in Jamaica, B. W. I., gave a delightfully informative talk on his experiences Father FRANCIS DEEVY, S.J., Pastor. as a missionary. A movie picture of the Jamaica Missions emphasized the Working out of MANDEVILLE as headquarters, Father DEEVY, a remarkable missionary work being done by our New England Jesuits in the newcomer to this type of work (last year he was in the school at British West Indies. Father John J. Collins, S.J., Professor of Sacred Scrip­ KINGSTON) has to worry about a church, home, convent and academy ture at Weston College, will give an illustrated talk on "Bethlehem and (Sisters of Mercy) at MANDEVILLE, besides taking care of the out Nazareth—The Birth and Childhood of Christ," at the meeting on December missions at CHRISTIANA, CHAPELTON, and VERE, and his mis­ 12th. sions are widely separated. LINSTEAD Missions: TABERNACLE SOCIETY. Sufficient thanks cannot be made in words Father JAMES HARNEY, S.J., Pastor. to our good ladies who have been making vestments and linens for the service Headquarters at LINSTEAD where there is a church, priest's house, of the altar. On November twenty-second a goodly sum was realized through and a hospital to attend. But his real arduous work is at his out mis­ a Penny Sale to purchase the necessary materials for vestments and various sions. MONEAGUE, a church; DONNINGTON, his big mission with articles needed on the altar. Contributions to this worthy cause are always a large school and a Teachers' cottage. In spite of the war he has just welcome. put up a wonderful cottage here, and is now building a school; other WORCESTER. Father Joseph Ford, S.J., after twenty-four years in missions are at JEFFREYS TOWN and CONCORD. Jamaica has returned to the States. He gave the members an illustrated BROWN'S TOWN Missions: Father RAYMOND SULLIVAN, S.J., Pastor. lecture on his mission field at the meeting of October 12th. Father Thomas Father HAROLD SULLIVAN, S.J., Assistant. Smith of Weston College spoke at the November meeting on his trip to Rus­ Headquarters at BROWN'S TOWN, from which these brothers cover sia with the National Geographic Society's expedition in 1936. The lecture was ALVA, MURRAY MOUNT, SOMERTON, REFUGE, LOCHEROCH SIDE illustrated with many views of the Soviet Union. To these lecturers the Guild and SAINT ANNE'S BAY, where the new church has just been built; Members are sincerely grateful. The officers for the coming year are Mrs. a Jamaican Shrine on the site where stood the first Catholic Church in Maurice Reidy, President; Mrs. William H. Weeks, Vice-President; Mrs. Jamaica. Father RAYMOND has been a great builder, and since being P. L. Armitage, Secretary, and Mrs. Francis Gleason, Treasurer. The Mod­ joined by his brother has gone on with even more improvements. They erator, Father Madden, and the officers are grateful to the hostesses of the have in their care two Government schools. meetings for the interesting programs offered, and to the members for their ABOVE ROCKS Missions: continued support. The sympathy of the Guild is extended to the members Father FREDERICK DONOVAN, S.J., Pastor. of the Moynihan family on the loss of Mr. Jeremiah J. Moynihan, a faithful Ten years ago Father DONOVAN had ten missions and five schools. friend of the Guild. May his soul rest in peace! But such a schedule was sheer cruelty. Now he has only five missions and three schools. ABOVE ROCKS is headquarters with a lovely SALEM. On October 14th Miss Ellen Reilly of Brockton entertained church, a Government school with 150 children, and a sort of a house. the members with an unusual type of lecture—"The Folk Songs of Many From here he covers CASSAVA RIVER, with church, small cottage, Nations". Father Michael J. Ahem, S.J., of Weston College, gave his beau­ and a great school with some 200 children: KING WESTON with a tifully illustrated lecture—"Nature's Beauty and Nature's God"—before a church and school combination—90 children; ROCK HALL with a large and appreciative audience in the Saltonstall School Hall on November church; PINTO DISTRICT where Mass is said in a home, but this is a 19th. Dr. James Connolly, President, and the Moderator, Father Madden, S.J., new mission that is growing out of his control. are grateful to the officers and members for the success of this lecture. Such is the detachment of the Jesuit army from the New England Province today. The ranks are enlarged but still too few. Catholic generosity will be GIFT. The Guild acknowledges with thanks the gift of a chalice by Mrs. J. J. Grace of Revere. the answer.

58 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 59 BAGHDAD COLLEGE FACULTY THE FIRST COMPLETE FACULTY (1935-1936) Back row: FR. JOSEPH CONNELL, FR. VINCENT GOOKIN, FR. FRANCIS ANDERSON, FR. EDWARD MADARAS, FR. WILLIAM CASEY, BR. JOHN SERVAAS. BAGHDAD TDDAY-194D Front row: FR. JOSEPH MERRICK, FR. CHARLES MAHAN, FR. FRANCIS SARJEANT, FR. WILLIAM A. RICE, FR. JOHN MIFSUD, FR. AUGUSTINE WAND. N March 9th, 1932 two travel-stained Jesuits alighted from a bus at the Baghdad Customs Station. Strangers in a strange land, FR. WILLIAM O RICE (now Bishop of British Honduras) and FR. EDWARD MADA­ RAS faced a troublesome future. Theirs was the almost superhuman task to found a Jesuit College in the "City of Peace". Undaunted by the innu­ merable obstacles in their path they courageously went forward fortified with the staunch faith of their Jesuit missionary heritage of four hundred years. Today in 1940, from a lowly beginning in a "mud palace", above the monoto­ nous desert stands Baghdad College. A gem of architectural beauty is the Baghdad College of today—two beautiful buildings—the gift of an unknown American benefactor. From a faculty of four in 1932 to a well-equipped faculty of 17 in 1940. From a handful of boys to a present enrollment of 160 students, including 37 boarders. This has been the accomplishment of the first two Jesuits to arrive in Baghdad in 1932. The roll of honor beeins with the names of Fathers from four Provinces of the United States: FR. WILLIAM RICE, of the New England Province, first Superior and Rector of the College; FR. EDWARD MADARAS, of the Chicago Province, the well-known editor of that popular mission-news-sheet, "Al Baghdadi," first pioneer and the longest in service at Baghdad; FR. J. EDWARD COFFEY, of the Maryland-New York Province, co-founder and first principal of the School until he was called away to the Eternal City for higher studies; FR. JOHN A. MIFSUD, of the Province of California, a native of the Island of Malta, member of the first faculty and second in point of service. In the following years FRS. JOHN J. SCANLON and AUGUSTINE C. WAND were loaned for a time by their provinces for work at Baghdad. Then comes the long list of New England Jesuits: FRS. FRAN­ CIS SARJEANT, present Superior and Rector of the College, six years of service- FRANCIS ANDERSON, now laboring in Transjordania; JOSEPH P. MERRICK: VINCENT GOOKIN; CHARLES MAHAN; LEO J. SHEA; WILLIAM SHEEHAN; JOHN J. A. DEVENNY, present Dean of the Col­ lege. Among the Scholastics assigned to the College WILLIAM CASEY (since ordained, at present in the Tertianship at Pomfret) holds the rare distinction of being the first Scholastic on the faculty. The following spent three years of teaching as Scholastics: JOSEPH P. CONNELL (ordained last June, at present in fourth year of theology at Weston^: MICHAEL MC­ CARTHY (preparing for ordination at Weston); EDMUND CHENEY (Second year Theologian at Weston); SIDNEY MACNEIL (Second year Theologian at Weston); THOMAS HUSSEY (First year Theologian at St. Mary's College, Kurseong, India); JOHN WILLIAMS (First year Theolo­ gian at St. Mary's, Kurseong, India); RICHARD MCCARTHY, on present faculty with his Brother Scholastics—CLEMENT ARMITAGE, FRANCIS CRONIN, JOSEPH FENNELL and GEORGE HOYT. Two Brothers labored at Baghdad—BROTHER JOHN SERVAAS, now at Shadowbrook and BROTHER FRANCIS McGUINESS, of St. Mary's Church, Boston. Thus is slowly being fulfilled the dream of our late HOLY FATHER PIUS XI who entrusted this work to the Society of Jesus. It is impossible THE PRESENT FACULTY (1939-1940) in this space to recall individually all those whose generosity has made pos­ Top row: MR. FRANCIS CRONIN, MR. CLEMENT ARMITAGE, MR. BECHIR KHADOURY, MR. sible the bigger and better Baghdad College of 1940. However, we must RICHARD MCCARTHY, MR. THOMAS HUSSEY. mention the wonderful generosity of the unknown benefactor who donated Middle row: MR. JOHN WILLIAMS, MR. JOSEPH FENNELL, MR. GEORGE HOYT, FR. WILLIAM the funds for the buildings at Baghdad. The Society of Jesus is deeply SHEEHAN, FR. LEO SHEA. Front row: FR. CHARLES MAHAN, FR. JOSEPH MERRICK, FR. JOHN DEVENNEY, FR. FRANCIS grateful to all who have furthered the work of the Fathers and Scholastics SARJEANT, FR. EDWARD MADARAS, FR. VINCENT GOOKIN, FR. JOHN MIFSUD. DECEMBER, 1940 61 with their prayers and with the continual financial aid that has helped the Society of Jesus in New England Province to do so many great things for God m this Eastern vineyard. Our special thanks are also due to the Boston and Worcester IRAQI CLUBS and to the IRAQI CLUBS of Springfield Lawrence, Lowell and New Haven, Conn. Great credit is due to the untiring efforts of FATHER JOHN H. COLLINS, the founder and inspiration of the Iraqi Clubs, and to Father George M. Murphy, Procurator of the Missions for the past six years. JLnd NOW May our dear Lord bless our benefactors and inspire others by their example to enable us to continue our work for Baghdad College, Sulaikh, To YOU

CAUTION UR Friends and Benefactors 0 Due to the difficulties of mail connections who have initiated, sustained, with Baghdad during the war our readers and given life and vigor to so are advised to send their gifts and contri­ many of the apostolic activities butions for Baghdad to: enumerated in this Quadri- The Rev. John A. Madden, S.J. centennial issue of the News, Procurator of the Missions 300 Newbury Street, Boston, Mass. WE, THE JESUITS OF NEW ENGLAND —

FATHERS, SCHOLASTICS, AND BROTHERS —

WISH WITH CORDIAL DEVOTION THE lELURMlHE ACADEMY

HE Bellarmine Academy of Boston whose admirable work is centered 9 ^txv fflevvv Christmas anb & Jleto fear exclusively on the educational and missionary projects of the Society T of Jesus has outlined a complete field of endeavor for the year. On Oc­ tober 23, the Rev. Frederick J. Donovan of Jamaica, B. W. I., illustrated his I JftHeb to tfje Jf till toitf) tfje lecture with attractive slides. On October 30 and November 6, respectively, Rev. Francis O. Corcoran and Rev. William F. Drummond lectured on St. Cfjrtetrinlb's; piessmgss Robert Cardinal Bellarmine, and The Social Encyclicals. On November 13 and 20, Rev. James L. Burke and Rev. John J. Collins took as their subjects Patterns for Propaganda and Bethlehem and Nazareth. The Winter Series of Lectures follows: January 15~Why We Read a Book, Rev. Francis X. Downey, S.J. Jan­ uary 22—To be announced. January 29—Religious Life in Europe and America, Rev. William E. Fitzgerald, S.J. February 5—Reminiscences of the Dean of Catholic Victorians—Wilfred Meynell, Rev. Terence L. Con­ VERY REVEREND JAMES H. DOLAN, S.J. nolly, S.J. February 19—Our Lady in Art, Rev. Carl L. Bernhardt, S.J. Provincial of New England March 5—Evening Meeting. To be announced. The efficient staff of officers of the Bellarmine Academy that has done so much to promote efficient work in this cultural, apostolic circle is as follows: REVEREND JOHN A. MADDEN, S.J. Director Jesuit Seminary Guild: Mrs. Joseph H. Shortell, Honorary President; Mrs. John M. Morrison, Jesuit Mission Bureau President; Mrs. Joseph A. FitzGerald, Vice-President; Mrs. John Francis Burke, Secretary; Mrs. John J. Flynn, Treasurer; Miss Margaret Johnson, Librarian; Mrs. Edward L. Kickham, Assistant Librarian; Mrs. Hector Gai, Moderator of Round Table Group.

62 The JESUIT SEMINARY NEWS DECEMBER, 1940 63 ^m^^^^^^^m^^^m^^: 33

OU have an engagement with many friends in the Grand Ball­ Y room of the Copley-Plaza on the afternoon of December seventh.

This marks the social observance of the Quadri-Centennial by THE CARDS ARE ON THE TABLE! the friends of the Jesuit Seminary Guild. They will gather there for an afternoon of Bridge. A distinctive gift for Christmas and other occasions that elevates Can you take a table or help to fill one? your expression of affection to a higher level—the spiritual. This is no place for vacant chairs! Lend a hand of bridge: help to make this occasion a pleasant one for all. Remember the date—the afternoon before the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. It is the largest Bridge party ever CHRISTMAS CARDS attempted by the Jesuit Seminary Guild. PONSORS (five dollars) for a table of FOUR will be very wel­ BIRTHDAY CARDS S come. Come and bridge over some of the financial problems of the Guild. WEDDING AND ANNIVERSARY CARDS M Telephone KENMORE 3 611 FIRST HOLY COMMUNION CARDS

CONFIRMATION CARDS

CONVALESCENCE CARDS

THE CHILDREN—Again! CHILDREN'S CARDS M

The children of today are the mothers and fathers and citizens BEREAVEMENT CARDS of AMERICA tomorrow. They deserve every attention that we can bestow upon them. Many parents consider it an ordinary pre­ caution on their part to enroll their young in the Jesuit Seminary Guild. ARE YOU DIFFERENT? Or are YOUR children less in need Each card signifies that the recipient of this insurance against harm to body and soul? is enrolled for one year or more in the If you can afford to enroll each one in the Guild send in their names today. As old as the World is, tomorrow has never arrived. Christmas is coming soon. What about this gift that really does last throughout the year. ADDRESS JESUIT SEMINARY GUILD JESUIT SEMINARY GUILD 300 NEWBURY STREET BOSTON, MASS. Telephone KENMORE 3611 it <&Az?