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3.0 & SQUARES 3.1.9 Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A

– the ‘red d practicing with spear h were clearly visible tance of this term in e blacks had a corrobory ckels And rose again on the Theatre (Amery 1997, Tarnda Kanya g and picking up cockles. I have ain of water holes very deep When me was also employed making mats, ), ceremonies, burials and other ver – children bathing an e of different Aboriginal peoples. Kuri (Carroll & Tregenza 1986, pp. 52-53). 1986, pp. 52-53). (Carroll & Tregenza ara 1990, p. 9) especially as the area retainedara 1990, p. house in the evening and th ) was an essential economic and sustenance tern Approach’—and during these visits the … and held corroborees whic her indigenous peoples were forced to live in the se again. They got many co or College Park, also recorded this activity in 98, p. 20). As the vegetation removal process ministrators have sought to shift indigenous y 1970s following the accep ing venue for Aboriginal and peoples prior to European settlement (Hemming 1998, p. he zoo was at the back of the gardens and we

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES 18). p. e dispossession process (Hemming 1998, Palti tanic Garden and Botanic Park locations were Day, recollected Kaurna residency along the River (Hemming 1998, p. 21), although many of these Tanda:njapari d going in the river with a net ba oo Dreaming. It is believed that oo Dreaming. It is believed or (1974). r time at the Torrens ri pp. 23, 50; SSLM B24437). pp. 23, 50; SSLM B24437). long time. The was A ch ry dangerous to go amongst. Their ti and Aboriginals in the Botanic Park in 1855 support this TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 171 May 1850, the regularity of corroborees near Hackney Road

[sic.] (Griffiths 1988, p. 112). [sic.] (Griffiths 1988, Karra Wirra Parri , 15 December 1926). Aboriginal Tribes of Australia ssp. and numerous encampments of a rang Register … in May the Aborigines camped in the Parklands and audible from the upper front windows of the school at the Companies mill … there was a display of fireworks at the government Women and children spent most of thei and small waddy – Women crab[b]ing an seen them go down – And I thought they would never ri other side after being under water A not in flood. It was full of timber Ve kangaroo rock’ – was located on the present site of p. 4). An early resident of Adelaide, Thomas Torrens: conduit and place for the Red Kangar The Headmaster at St Peters College, in adjacent 1855: Lucy Hines, in the 1850s, also observed that “t walked out from the back gates into virgin scrub and timber, a favourite camping ground for the Blacks” ( The River Torrens ( Botanic Park was according an important camp from the late 1840s to nineteenth century (G much of its original vegetation. panorama photographs confirm this vegetationThe 1865 Duryea cover, and Eugen von Guérard’s sketches of camp sites conclusion. Von Guérard recorded the landscape as covered in a thick upper-storey of Eucalyptus Bridge (then called the South Ausralian Company’s Bridge): acceptance of the term Kaurna occurs in the earl Tindale’s Since earliest post-contact settlement, colonial ad people away from the Park Lands as part of th Notwithstanding these attempts the Park Lands continued to be used for activities associated with traditional life for the Kaurna (Hemming 19 occurred on the , the Kaurna and ot locations where available shelter, fire wood and materials for camping and hunting remained. Areas around and within the present Zoo, Bo occupied for the site of camps, ‘corroborees’ ( activities and culturally viewed as significant activities reputedly happened in these localities 23). Contemporary adaptations of ‘corroborees’ were performed for the public on old Exhibition Grounds site on Frome Road—the ‘Wes performers camped in the Botanic Park (Doreen Kartinyeri, Neva Wilson and Lindsay 1998, pers. comm. 1998; Hemming Edward Snell recorded, on 24 that Tandanja aide (Gara 1990, p. 64; .1840s–1929), daughter of daughter .1840s–1929), c

use and occupancy of this area. na sites or Aboriginal activities, pre-contact , claimed that she belonged to the ndanya clan of ‘Kaurna’ was named after the have frequented and camped in the East de Hospital, the universities of Adelaide and on of this toponym. It is envisaged that a re- and Garden at the same time as ‘Western and occupancy of the lower portion of this de Botanic Garden lands. Because these are Botanic Creek and especially in the waterhole rk), the Board of Adelaide Zoological of Adelaide. These land holdings are external 11. Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A 11. Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park ormation into an additional tract of Park Land. ssed by the City of Adel century. Notwithstanding this generalised on, and the , so this pying the Adelaide plains and consisting of the watercourse would have been directly Road, Botanic Park, Adelaide Garden, gnificance to the place, anthropologist Norman 1974, p. 213; Tindale 1987, pp. 5-13), thereby 1987, pp. p. 213; Tindale 1974, Tankaira ption of the contemporary name ment of the Board Botanic Gardens rk land is re-opened to the public. refers to a site south of Adelaide associated with the ) and (‘Princess Amelia’ Savage/Taylor) ( (‘Princess Tandanya e Main Lake for the Botanic Garden pp. 21, 55). (Hemming 1998, Ityamaiipinna (2006) when discussing the historical tribe’ which is probably a corru ‘King Rodney’ ( Dundagunya Adelaide (Adelaide Botanic Garden + Botanic Pa Gardens (the Zoological Garden), the Royal Adelai Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A Historical Overview: Site Context Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A encompasses land surrounded by the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri, Hackney Road (Old Company Bridge), North Terrace and Frome Road that is variously vested in the manage , and the Corporation of City to and not included in this Assessment Study (2007). This leaves a portion of land vested in the Corporation on Frome Road formerly used as a car parking area that is presently subject to soil remediation measures in anticipation of its transf This report chapter draws upon content and information from the Conservation Study Light’s plan, Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A consists of a semi- Arising from rectangular block of land bounded by Frome University of Adelaide, and University of South Australia managed lands. The land sits within the larger Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park has also historically never carried a clear Park # designation. Historical Overview: Aboriginal Associations Hemming records several specific references to Kaur Approach’. The ‘fringe dweller’, Tommy Walker, was known to This portion of land has been more recently being termed the ‘Western Approach’ by the Board of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, the Corporati naming of the land will occur once pa or post-contact, for Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A (Hemming 1998) that rotate around occupancy of Botanic Park and the Adelai precinct the following discussion reviews Park Park Lands in the second half of the nineteenth reference, Hemming concludes correctly that associated with Kaurna use and occupancy along toponym is adopted for use in this Chapter ease of identification. Although, the area was also been known as “Park 11A” prior to the adopti interwoven around the Kaurna and Aboriginal use that has been reinvented as th In terms of Kaurna and Aboriginal cultural si Tindale first described the Kaurna tribe as occu of people or ‘hoades’ (Tindale several groups Parnatatya geographically locating the Kaurna country and epithet ‘Kaurna’. When interviewed in 1927 ‘ Tindale ascribed as occupying the area encompa term Tindale 1987, p. 10). The Red Kangaroo Dreaming, and Tindale claims the Ta Red Kangaroo and that their main totem was the emu (Hemming 1990, p. 137). The general

Road frontage by the October 1857; its initial October 1857; its initial 1859. The first show was held in building 1859. The undaries of the Adelaide Botanic Garden, the rk, depicting existing conditions as well l superintendent of Adelaide Botanic Garden en. In 1874 he prepared and published a Plan en. In 1874 he d adjacent hospital land excluded from area following agitation by the South Australian agitation following ciety exhibition hall on the Frome Road land, from an from Road land, on the Frome exhibition hall ciety the north-west corner of Frome Road and North the north-west corner of Frome

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES d to the public on 4 Figure g and laying out the Garden, including g and laying site was rapidly superceded by a fifth site, the ected along the Frome

TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 172 was enacted, placing the Garden under a Board of Governors Botanic Gardens Act The South Australian Agricultural and Horticultural Australian Agricultural The South So engraving in 1860. and upgrading the position of superintendent to ‘director’. Dr Richard During 1873 director Schomburgk commenced works to establish and plant over ensuing years forming a complementary park-like space north of the Gard In 1853 the fourth site for a botanic garden, at Terrace, was approved by the colonial Governor Agricultural and Horticultural Society. This current site, for a botanic garden. This site was formalised following application by the Society boundaries of site were surveyed an in 1854. The sought. This survey thus delineated the present bo Hospital, and the ‘Western Approach’ land except a series of annexes and alignments in the 1930s-40s. George Francis (1800-65) was appointed inaugura in 1855. He made rapid progress designin development of the Top and Main Lakes, and Walk. A residence was also erected for director. The Adelaide Botanic Garden opene development focussed on southern section of the site. A permanent masonry Exhibition Building was erected on the showgrounds site – the Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A land in corrugated iron fence was er 1860. The first Society, and in 1868 the Building was extended. In 1860 the of Adelaide Botanic Garden, including Botanic Pa

, as Ivaritji ]. (Day, sic [ ‘King Rodney’ Parnatatya , obtained a vocabulary of Ivanitji elaide plains. His plan (1837) included the elaide plains. His plan (1837) included s held in 1844, a group of tents “the 2’, probably relating to the period prior sitors entered the land via a gate from in a relatively raw state. An 1860 engraving of (Gara 1990, p. 82; Hemming 1998, p. 51). (Gara 1990, p. ultural Society on the Frome Road land in 1844. Note Note in 1844. Frome Road land ultural Society on the ent site. They erected an Exhibition building in ural Society occupied land on Frome Road now rposes until 1925. An 1845 watercolour of the rposes until 1925. r father’s principal waterhole was the Main Lake erected in 1859 with a government grant of as meaning ‘eucalypt forest’ pertaining to the Figure Figure established and during the summer of 1836-37 sell or exchange for food from the settlers … Kainka wira Kainka wira spp trees, and the Aboriginals in the foreground. foreground. in the the Aboriginals and trees, spp ), her father, was one of the leading Kaurna men the Adelaide plains. Eucalypt was almost certainly the last person of full Kaurna ancestry. ‘Memories of the Extinct Tribe of Cowandilla, 190 ‘Memories of the Extinct Tribe Cowandilla, p. 43). 1998, 1847, in Hemming nets an rope clothes lines … They would then Gathering of the South Australian Agricultural & Hortic Agricultural South Australian the of Gathering the mature Ityamaiipinna Ivaritji ( Historical Overview: Post Contact Associations In 1836 the Colony of South Australia was Colonel undertook his survey of the Ad first site for a botanic garden included in plan on an island the River Torrens (in Tulya Wodli/Park 27) far from the present site. The site was fixed upon in 1855. The South Australian Agricultural and Horticult comprising the ‘Western Approach’ from 1844. Vi Frome Road Bridge. The first show of the Society wa extensive, beautiful and umbrageous paddock between North Terrace and Frome Bridge” now termed the ‘Western Approach’. The Society was instrumental in advocating the reservation and establishment of the Botanic Garden on its pres 1859 and continued to use the site for show pu gives an impression of the area agricultural show in 1856 and the exhibition building, proposed £2000, shows the nature of tree cover. recorded by in 1919, stated that he in the Botanic Garden that she called Botanist John McConnell Black records, in interviews with about 70 Kaurna words, and listed 19, 29). area (Gara pp. 1990, p. 82; Black 1920, 81; Hemming 1998,

, the scattered internal internal the scattered , Tainmundilla/Frome Tainmundilla/Frome

e East Park Land blocks of the East Park Lands July 1876. Note the the Note July 1876. Lands Park of the East tant and new plantings on the on plantings and new tant

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Illustrated Sydney News Sydney Illustrated established around all thre established around

TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 173 rtaken, and the scatter of ex of scatter the rtaken, and

Road Park/Park 11A land. Road Park/Park Extract of a lithograph published in the in the published Extract of a lithograph been plantings that had edge extensive plantings had also been unde also plantings had

the existence of a gate of the East Park Lands, 10 July 1875. Note the 1875. Note Lands, 10 July East Park the of sed this plan in 1890. The 1874 plan shows sed this plan in 1890. The tion Grounds, implying a relatively open paddock on the Tainmundilla/Frome Tainmundilla/Frome on the paddock open a relatively d Frome Road. To the front left is the Society’s Society’s the is left front To the Road. d Frome Figure Figure r the Schomburgk directorship. The identical prepared by director John Bailey. Australasian Sketcher Australasian

Exhibition Building and a further smaller building in building smaller a further and Building Exhibition Extract of a lithograph published in the in the published Extract of a lithograph an Terrace North of corner the on Hospital Adelaide 11A land. Road Park/Park

at this point, possibly developed earlier unde arrangement is still shown on a 1928 plan several projected improvements; Schomburgk revi the Garden terminating at boundary with Exhibi

g to hand over the Old ated application for this site as e main showgrounds are indicated on indicated are showgrounds main e eates the Society’s land (forming land Society’s eates the ital, and enters its emphatic protest against such a t University of Adelaide site. Source: ACC Archives. Archives. ACC Source: site. Adelaide of t University e old Exhibition Building rectangular footprint with he Government in proposin

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure to obtain the Tainmundilla/Frome Road ch needed extension of the garden. fore the Government their often repe , 14 November 1927, an engineering plan prepared by the plan prepared by engineering 1927, an November , 14 surfaces dated 1927. The plan delin plan The dated 1927. surfaces

TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 174 her building fronting Frome Road. Th fronting Frome building her Plan Showing Improved Pavements Improved Showing Plan The Botanic Garden Board protests the action of t Exhibition Ground for the purpose of an isolation hosp suggestion. The Board again brings be a necessary and suitable one for the mu largely the Tainmundilla/Frome Road/Park 11A land), th 11A land), Road/Park the Tainmundilla/Frome largely furt a with together annexe eastern presen the – on – “Oval” Road Frome of side the western Extract of a pavement Corporation detailing road Adelaide Botanic Garden, which was hoping Park/Park 11A land. The Board wrote:

was under the control of Society at that Adelaide Park Lands, as set out in his a of the present lower University of Adelaide s erected for the Adelaide Jubilee International (1880) no reference was drawn to the (1874) recording the position of the Society’s Society’s the position of the recording (1874) as the 1887 Exhibition Building was now being ogical exhibits were relocated from the Garden suggestion strongly opposed by the Board of the Figure Figure to the Board of Adelaide Botanic Garden ee in 1887, fronting North Terrace west of Frome hibition Building was proposed as an isolation hed in north-western portion of Botanic Park, g on the Tainmundilla/Frome Road/Park 11A land. Tainmundilla/Frome Road/Park 11A land. the g on held in the old Exhibition Building on Boothby’s Almanack Boothby’s

ting the Adelaide Park Lands Botanic Garden Act. Extract of plan of North Terrace from Terrace from of North Extract of plan rectangular north-south aligned Exhibition Buildin Exhibition aligned north-south rectangular

hospital during the great influenza epidemic; a land. In 1919, the now redundant former Ex used and the Society was occupying a large portion Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A land, to newly dedicated facility. An additional strip of land was ceded from Botanic Park Zoological Gardens in 1886. A much larger and more conspicuous building wa Exhibition, celebrating Queen Victoria’s jubil Road In 1894 Botanic Park was formally dedicated under new In 1895 the last agricultural show was Report on a System of Plan excising land from the Park. Progressively zool In commissioning John Ednie Brown to review the Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A land as it stage. In 1883 the Zoological Gardens was establis

. Some 1.11ha, of the remaining land, was . Some 1.11ha, tions and facilities were shifted to Glenunga ralia, was erected on the northern section in uction Training Scheme. The buildings were the land occupied by the University of South tal Reserve following the transferral of the the transferral of tal Reserve following illa/Frome Road Park/Park 11A land was part- gazetted as a School Reserve which comprises 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Figure Department. The Read Building, the School of n by D Darian Smith looking westwards over the looking westwards over Smith D Darian n by block. Note the use of the land as a sporting oval, the series of six series of the oval, sporting as a land use of the the Note block. ciety exhibition building first erected on theand the land, use of the TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 175 Extract of an aerial photograph of Adelaide take of Adelaide aerial photograph Extract of an Road Park/Park 11A Tarinmundilla/Frome former the been to have appears that left to the Hall large extant the perimeter, southern its along courts tennis Royal Agricultural & Horticultural So Atkins Collection, Smith D Darian Source: area. storage equipment and waste a as fenceline Garden Botanic Technicolor. a “slightly larger anatomy building and road access”, the land was gazetted to the University of Adelaide. In 1950 the Adelaide Technical High School opera and now forming the Glenunga International School set allocated to the Education Department and Old buildings on the Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A land. the ‘Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A site, including the old Exhibition Building, were at this time being used as a training centre for the Commonwealth Reconstr subsequently re-used as a Motor Trade School. In 1957 the balance of land was dedicated to the School of Mines & Industries and now forms Australia’s Pharmacy School. In 1965 Tainmund gazetted as a reserve to the Public Buildings Pharmacy to the present University of South Aust 1968. The remaining area rededicated as a Hospi Automotive Trade School to Kilkenny.

allotment, as a recreation allotment, as a Fraod Park/Park 11A to Park/Park see 11A to Fraod . Compare this aerial with the adjacent adjacent with the this aerial . Compare ceded to the University of Adelaide enable ad frontage. A proposal was also mooted in purpose it is fulfilling, namely a ‘breathing vided between the State government as it was “proposed to retain s are limited, but they extant in a 1947 aerial Park/Park 11A land was used an informal land was excised from western side of the year, the vacant former exhibition land, the YMCA members.” In 1945 there was a proposalYMCA members.” In 1945 there South Australia Building Reid the former Lunatic Asylum at the corner of orage yard. Various minor sheds and structuresorage yard. Various minor sheds Adelaide. The University was successful in ital and Tainmundilla/Frone ital and High School on the site as part of State’s aide depicting Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A Park/Park depicting Tainmundilla/Frome aide Road Figure velopment appears to have occurred. Source: University of Adelaide Archives Archives Adelaide of University Source: the State government “near the Hospital for anatomy purposes” mi-square shed to the south-east of the oval the of to the south-east shed mi-square oblique aerial photograph of the Royal Adelaide Hosp the Royal Adelaide of aerial photograph oblique Extract of an aerial photograph of metropolitan Adel aerial photograph Extract of an in 1936 the use of the land, including the University of University of the including of the land, use in 1936 the a large se with sporting oval the land. of development the of that nature State parliament to erect a new Adelaide Boys and the Education Department but no de During the 1930s Tainmundilla/Frome Road recreation ground by Adelaide Technical High School. Because of this use, a new corrugated Frome Ro iron fence was erected in 1936 along the centenary celebrations. Following this proposal, Garden in 1937 and ceded to the Royal Adelaide Hospital and the Education Department in exchange for adjoining land to the west, part of Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A, was di Hackney Road and North Terrace. In the same During 1939-45 the land was used as military st apparently constructed only details of these work photograph. Plans were discussed for the development of University residential colleges on land in 1942 but this proposal was refused by the the land for time being present valuable space’ and a playground for the school, and for by the School of Mines & Industries for acquisition Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A land for use as extensions to their School noting the “urgent need for ground space for the future extension of School Mines”, and a similar proposal of medical school facilities by the University gaining 2.03 ha of land from with the balance being still set aside for use as open playing space Adelaide Technical land (0.41ha) was High School. In 1946 additional

ark 11A for the Adelaide Botanic Garden.ark 11A for of soil remediation works by the Corporation provide design concept proposals for the re- Adelaide. But it also creates a ‘western any merit to the Tainmundilla/Frome Road k 11A land. Probably taken by D Darian Smith. taken Probably land. 11A k 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES . The design sought to reinforce a hypothetical und. Note the recreation oval and associated shed oval and associated the recreation Note und. had previously sought to create or formalise. Figure tanic Garden in the foreground, the Royal Adelaide Hospital to the the to Hospital Adelaide Royal the foreground, in the Garden tanic

TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 176 Aerial photograph of the Adelaide Bo Adelaide of the Aerial photograph middle-gro in the Adelaide of the University and left, Park/Par Road Tainmundilla/Frome the on structures Archives. Adelaide of University Source: Park/Park 11A land. Park/Park 11A In 2005 Taylor Cullity Lethlean were contracted to development of Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/P These design were prepared at the commencement prior to the transfer of land Garden proposed by architect Walter Bagot in the 1920s when he designing Barr Smith axial line first Library and the lower campus of the University entrance’ to the Garden that many directors identify Johnston & Elphinstone (1983) did not

old buildings on old buildings .1955, depicting .1955, depicting c ion, glazing used and alignment of alignment glazing used and ion, al. Note the series of north-south aligned sheds on on sheds aligned of north-south series the Note al. Figure Figure ital complex, looking northwards, in looking complex, ital hibition Building because of the condit Building because of hibition ken byken D Darian Smith. Source:ABG Archives. the structure. Probably ta the ‘Western Approach’ land together with a recreation ov recreation with a together land Approach’ ‘Western the have may of sheds series this that suggested been has It land. 11A/ Park/Park Road Tainmundilla/Frome the Ex Society’s original the incorporated Aerial photograph of the Adelaide Hosp Adelaide of the Aerial photograph

3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES

TAINMUNDILLA/FROME ROAD PARK/PARK 11A: 177

, which

tainmundilla ), Ironbarks by the Corporation. Source: Taylor Taylor Source: the Corporation. by Corymbia citriodora ). There are no structures or thlean for the redevelopment of A land consists of an expansive bitumen car Figure Figure fic toponym for the Tainmundilla/Frome Road Corymbia maculata 2002, p. 270) proposed the toponym , to Tainmundilla/Park 11 generally. as prepared by Taylor Cullity Le Taylor Cullity as prepared by /Park 11A following soil remediation works soil remediation works following /Park 11A ), and Spotted Gums ( sideroxylon

Preferred landscape design option design Preferred landscape Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park Cullity Lethlean. Eucalyptus propose any speci Amery (1997; 2002) did not Park/Park 11A land. But Amery (1997; roughly translates as ‘mistletoe place’ Today the ‘Tainmundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11 park, dotted with irregularly planted Lemon-scented Gums ( ( evidence of the original showground or Exhibition Building use.