Composer & Citizen
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Composer & Citizen: Chamber Landscapes Curated by Marshall McGuire Friday 6 – Monday 9 March 2020 UKARIA Cultural Centre 1 WEEKEND DIARY 6pm FRI 6 MAR UKARIA Bar opens 7.30pm Concert: Hidden Secrets This concert is also performed on Mon 9 Mar p.8 10am UKARIA Bar opens SAT 7 MAR 11.30am Concert: Roomful of Teeth p.7 12.30pm Lunch Bookings essential. Meal not included with day pass 2.30pm Concert: Composer & Citizen 1 p.12 In Conversation: The Composer's Voice 4.15pm Marshall McGuire with composer Lembit Beecher The Adelaide Festival has always sought to provoke responses, uncover MARSHALL secrets, present new and old side by side, and celebrate artists from 5pm Concert: Siobhan Stagg in Recital p.9 Australia and around the world as they tell their stories and bring us all 6.45pm Dinner MCGUIRE closer together. Bookings essential. Meal not included with day pass In these turbulent times, we have assembled some outstanding not included in day pass Welcome musicians—storytellers—to look at their personal experiences as artists, 6.45pm Sunset: A Guided Experience 1 as people living their lives in music, and giving us their responses to the events around them. 10am Through the voices of forgotten women; through the eyes of soldiers UKARIA Bar opens SUN 8 MAR impacted by battle; through the heroic Beethoven, and his influence on Tippett; through contemporary American song; and through the intimacy 11.30am Concert: The Female Voice of recital, we hope this weekend of music provokes not just thought, but 12.45pm Lunch p.9 some joy, and a connection to beauty, shared between us all. Bookings essential. Meal not included with day pass Welcome to Composer & Citizen: Chamber Landscapes 2020. 2.30pm Concert: Composer & Citizen 2 In Conversation: Beethoven's World p.12 4.15pm Marshall McGuire with Cambridge historian Christopher Clark 5pm Concert: One Among Many Marshall McGuire, March 2020 6.45pm Dinner Bookings essential. Meal not included with day pass p.14 6.45pm not included in day pass Acknowledgements Generously supported by Leading Patron Ulrike Klein AO. Sunset: A Guided Experience 2 Roomful of Teeth's appearance at Adelaide Festival is supported by the United States Government. Support for the development and presentation of Lembit Beecher’s work 10am UKARIA Bar opens has been provided by the ANZAC Centenary Arts & Culture Fund through MON 9 MAR the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications. 11.30am Concert: Hidden Secrets This concert is also performed on Fri 6 Mar p.8 Adelaide Festival acknowledges that this music-making and conversation takes place on the traditional lands of the Peramangk peoples. We also Lunch 12.45pm Bookings essential. Meal not included with day pass acknowledge and respect their spiritual relationship with country and their role as custodians for more than 40,000 years. 2.30pm Concert: Composer & Citizen 3 p.13 Marshall McGuire and Adelaide Festival would like to offer their thanks to Ulrike Klein, Alison Beare and all the staff at UKARIA, Kylie McRae, and Yarmila Alfonzetti for their support. Adelaide Festival reserves the right to change its artists, repertoire and scheduling without notice. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the detail in its free programs. 2 3 music is voluptuous and his text is often the arresting sonorities of Bartók, nor do any of challenging in its symbolism (though his deep its motifs have that tactile quality of a sound- COMPOSERS & CITIZENS: religious faith is always evident). object’; in fact in this work, perhaps, Tippett comes closest to the artistic ‘impersonality’ AN INTRODUCTION BY GORDON KERRY The contrast between devout, uxorious that another idol, poet T. S. Eliot, proclaimed Messiaen with his direct contemporary, the back in 1919. What is novel here is the form: flamboyantly gay, new-agey Michael Tippett the three odd-numbered movements are all couldn’t be greater, yet there are powerful fugues, while the two even-numbered ones similarities. Both explore higher truths—those are slow strophic pieces, and, as Kemp says, of the Catholic faith in Messiaen’s case and of From around 1573 a group of humanist thinkers Caccini, celebrated for her operas, was ‘each movement is to be identified with a single mythic archetypes in Tippett’s; both expressed in Florence met regularly to discuss a variety of among the first women to become esteemed characteristic sound’ rather than dramatising ecstatic joy in life and the physical universe. philosophical, artistic and scientific subjects, professional musicians in 17th-century Italy. the drama of thematic development. and some members resolved to recreate the A generation younger, Leonarda was a prolific Like many gay men in early 20th-century Tippett completed no new quartets until the sung drama of the ancient Greeks. This was composer, while fulfilling her duties as Mother Britain, Tippett was drawn to left-wing politics, Fourth, in 1978, and then in 1991 his final, a profoundly moral enterprise: both Greek Superior of the convent she had entered as a and despite the inevitable drift towards two-movement Fifth, which, as Soden puts it, is drama and early Baroque opera—which is what young woman. respectability, a knighthood and the Order of ‘poised on the brink of gaiety and heartbreak, the Florentines inadvertently invented—were Merit, his uncompromising pacifism would Five centuries before, another nun, Hildegard, turmoil and serenity.’ Here the model is again frequently allegories of virtue, offering models endure and provide the engine for numerous had in 1150 founded her own community at late Beethoven, and the score’s epigraph of how citizens and their rulers should behave. works through the next decades. He joined the Bingen where she expounded her visionary alludes to the singing of nightingales; the work’s British Communist Party in 1934, but by the To replicate Greek drama’s choral commentary, theology in writing, art and music such as journey is towards a radiant calm. time war broke out, had ‘ceased to be a rigorous composers repurposed the popular domestic O viridissima virga, a hymn to the Virgin, ‘the political’ and was drawn to Gandhian non- Beethoven and Tippett shared a strong belief form of the madrigal. But the solo roles required greenest bough’ that blossomed giving birth violent disobedience. ‘Fighting for music, liberty, in humanity, though Tippett would argue in music, unencumbered by the elaborate to Jesus. Hildegard’s music was all religious, conscience, simplicity’, he became a registered his Third Symphony that the ‘brotherhood’ polyphony of religious music, that would make whereas Leonarda was also a pioneer of the conscientious objector in 1940, and after two of Beethoven’s Ninth had failed us dismally. the text immediately intelligible and respond solo sonata, of which she published many, years of tribunals and principled refusal to do And Beethoven was no democrat in any to the changing emotions of a character. The while her direct contemporary, Barbara Strozzi anything towards the war effort, Tippett was modern sense, and was capable of despising resulting recitativo, or arioso, as composer concentrated on composing and performing imprisoned at Wormwood Scrubs. He had in the ‘innkeepers, cobblers and tailors’ and liked the Giulio Caccini wrote in Le nuove musiche, ‘could what we would now call solo art song. previous months been working on his Second company of Archdukes and other aristocrats. almost speak in tones, employing in it a certain Love has always been a favourite theme in art String Quartet, which was premiered in March But he hated tyranny and abuse of power, which noble negligence [that is, breaking the rules] of song. We find it in Claude Debussy’s setting 1943, writing to a friend, ‘work has gone very he dramatised in his opera Fidelio and the song’. This ‘naturalistic’ manner was perfect for of Paul Verlaine in his Ariettes oubliées: well and the quartet moves. But the prison walls incidental music to Goethe’s Egmont. the new secular entertainment whose greatest ‘Il pleure dans mon coeur’ which explores worry me and sometimes dry everything up.’ As composer in the early Baroque was Claudio The struggles of the string quartets are amorous sadness but, ever the sensualist, luck would have it, on Tippett’s release on Monteverdi. Dating from 1624, his perhaps more internal: the Op.18 group dates Debussy allows for some requital—‘C’est 21 August 1943 the composer was able to Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda, from 1798 to 1800, his early years in Vienna, l’extase’ describes post-coital languor. Of a attend a performance, with his friends Benjamin based on a story by Tasso set during the First and represents his first foray onto ground younger generation, Francis Poulenc was a Britten and Peter Pears, at Wigmore Hall. Crusade, is one of two ‘opusculi in genere occupied by his former teacher Joseph Haydn. prolific composer of songs, including the cycle rappresentativo’—little works ‘representing’ Tippett’s Second Quartet reflects his lifelong In 1806 he produced the three Op.59 pieces Fiançailles pour rire (A betrothal for laughs) action and emotion. The vocal lines ‘speak in engagement, which biographer Oliver Soden to a commission from Count Razumovsky, to poems by his friend Louise de Vilmorin, who tones’, the accompaniment graphically depicts characterises as ‘from imitation to argument, including some Russian flavour in each for had made several ill-advised marriages, lately the action, such as Tancredi appearing on his then rejection and, finally, reconciliation’, with his patron’s amusement. Biographer Maynard to a Hungarian count. The famous fifth song horse, introduces new sounds like pizzicato, the music of Beethoven. Solomon reminds us that Vienna was full of of the cycle, ‘Violon’ likens the instrument and and the mood, which Monteverdi called stile displaced and wounded Russian soldiers at the its player to a mismatched, but loving couple, The quartet shows little evidence of Tippett’s concitato, expresses the agitation of the time, suggesting that this particular work’s tone in music of vaguely Baroque dotted rhythms fear of incarceration, though the slow contending characters.