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Speleonics 21 MARCH, 1997

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Speleonics 21 MARCH, 1997 Volume VI, Number 1 speleonics 21 MARCH, 1997 COMMUNICATION AND ELECTRONICS SECTION OF THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY CONTENTS FULLE.RPHONE OFFICE MAR~t I. VIBRATOR COILS IN SERIES. WIRING DIAGR.AM. CALL FOR PAPERS Frank Reid E o ANNUAL CAVERS' MEETING AT DAYTON SIGNALLlNtJ KEY HAMVENTION Frank Reid SPELEOT ARDINESS Joe Hruska RADIO CROSSLINK EXPERIMENTS .~~, Paul Johnston 2 RESONANT_SPEAKER REFERENCES R£C.'o"m WITH Frank Reid 2 BONNET HISTORIC EARTH_DIPOLE COMMUNICATIONS Frank Reid 3 BL. L o REPAIR YOUR MINI-MAG FLASHLIGHTS Earl Hancock 6 FOOT -CANDLES David Gibson 6 RECHARGEABLE ALKALINE CELLS Reno Lippold 7 T~LEPNOI'/~ NAN!) 'F' ALKALINE PRIMARY CELL FAILURE MODE UPDATE Doug Strait 9 THE D..QBEACON RECEIVER Brian Pease 10 WIDEBAND PORTABLE ANTENNA c( () Danny Britton 20 lit'. III 1. 111.' NiCd MEMORY EFFECT EXPLAINED Joe Hruska 20 UPDATE ON HIGH-BRIGHTNESS LEDS Doug Strait 20 FI G. 5. The British Army used the Fullerphone. an earth-dipole transceiver. for battlefield communication in World War I. Earth-dipoles might be useful CAVE RADIO in some caving applications. See the article by Frank Reid on page 3. RECEIVER PLANS ON PAGE 10 SPELEONICS 21 Volume VI, Number 1 March, 1997 SPELEONICS is published quarterly (sometimes irregularly) Foreign subscriptions can be paid in U.S. "paper" dollars in by the Communication and Electronics Section of the National the mail; an international money-order may cost as much as Speleological Society (NSS). Primary interests include cave the subscription itself. Many members have sent cash without radio, underground communication, cave lighting, and cave- problems. (No foreign currency, please.) related applications of amateur radio. NSS membership is not Editorship rotates among the officers. Volunteers are required for newsletter subscription. Section membership, encouraged to guest-edit or produce an issue. A technical which includes four issues of SPELEONICS, is $6.00 in session, followed by election of officers, is held annually USA/Canada/Mexico, $8 overseas. Send subscriptions to during the NSS Convention. section treasurer Joe Giddens at the address below (make Complimentary copies of SPELEONICS go to NSS offices checks payable to SPELEONICS.) If you have a ham-radio and sections, the U.S. Bureau of Mines, U.S. Geological callsign or NSS membership number, please include them Survey, and tho Longwave Club of America. when subscribing. Printed by members of the D. C. Grotto and Potomac Speleological Club. Chairman Secretary Treasurer Editor of issues #21 and #22 Duke McMullan N5GAX Frank Reid W9MKV Joe Giddens N510Z Joe Hruska 3301 Monte Vista NE P.O. Box 5283 P.O. Box 738 2980 South 149th Street Albuquerque, NM 87106 Bloomington, IN 47407-5283 Bearden, AR 71720 Nelli Berlin, WI 53151-3706 e-mail: [email protected] (501 )687-2525 e-mail: [email protected] CALL FOR PAPERS SPELEOTARDINESS If you are interested in presenting a paper at one of this Joe Hruska year's NSS convention sessions, please submit an abstract up to 250 words in length, including title, author's name and Yes, this issue is long overdue. I apologize on behalf of all author's address, to the appropriate session chairperson. editors for the drought. Soe/eanies 20 was released in In addition to the traditional oral papers, the science February, 1994. Soe/eanies 22 is planned for June, 1997, but sessions will include poster sessions at a separate time from more material is required. Please send me your articles soon. the oral sessions. Please indicate whether you are submitting E-mail transfers arepreferred,and U.S. mail works also. for a poster or oral paper. The CREG Journa/ (see below) covers the same subject The deadline is April 15, 1997 for abstracts to appear In the material, and authors such as Ian Drummond and Brian Pease program booklet and official session schedules. Electronic contribute to both publications. Potential authors are submissions are strongly encouraged but please also send a encouraged to forward their articles to either publication. paper copy to the appropriate chair person. Send 1997 NSS Soe/eonies and CREG Journa/ will avoid printing the same Convention Electronics Session abstracts before April 1 to: information. Brian's D-Q Beacon Receiver is an exception. Frank Reid [email protected] P.O. Box 5283 Bloomington, Indiana 47407 (812) 339-7305 home (812) 855-0711 work CAVE RAdio & ... 8--8 . 8-" . --- -8 .. -8-8 ... ANNUAL CAVERS' MEETING AT DAYTON ElECTRONics GROUp HAMVENTION http://W\w/.sat.dundee.ac. u kI- arb!crag! Frank Reid W9MKV . The Cave Radio & Electronics Group exists to encourage the Cavers and friends interested in cave-related electronics development and use of radio communication and other electronic and will hold our ninth annual meeting at the world's largest computer equipment in caving and related activities. hamfest in Dayton, Ohio. Although we are, officially, a special interest group of the British Cave Time: 11 AM local time (EDT), Saturday, 17 May. Research Association, the Group aims to serve the international caving Location: Same as last several years: The 'grassy knoll' community. Cavers from North America and Europe are regular outside the southwest corner of the main arena building, just contributors to the CREG Journa/. inside the flea market entrance by the "Pub," near the lowest- numbered flea market spaces (which are behind the bus stop). The CREG Journa/ is the world's premier publication dedicated to the Look for a Soe/eanies newsletter cover taped to the lIIall. In application of electronics to caving. Practical and theoretical articles on case of rain, meet inside nearest exit-door. Approximate GPS a wide range of applications are covered. The latest Journa/, #27, was coordinates (D M.M): N39 49.35, W084 15.51 published in March 1997. It includes 32 pages, of which 9 comprise a Frequency: 146.66 MHz simplex. special feature on guide-wire communication. We always have had interesting discussions (and Subscriptions are currently £8.50 (UK), £10.00 (Europe or lIIorld occasional demonstrations) of cave radio, cave-rescue surface mail) or £12.50 (world airmail). Rates are due to rise soon so communications, lights and batteries, highway ECM and other you'll have to act quickly to take advantage of these rates. Subscriptions esoteric electronic things, and we exchange locations of cave- should be sent to Bill Purvis (see below). related equipment for sale. For more information, send a stamped addressed envelope to For details of the hamvention itself, see any U.S. amateur- Stephen Shope, Sandia Research Associates, 3411 Candelaria, N.E., radio magazine published since January 1997, or view Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107 (in the USA) or an IRC to Bill Purvis, http://www.hamvention.org. The cavers' meeting is NOT on 35 Chapel Road, Penketh, Warrington, WA5 2NG, UK (outside USA). the official schedule. Alternatively, e-mail [email protected]. speleonics 21 vol. VI no. 1 March 1997 RADIO CROSSLINK EXPERIMENTS 80-meter frequency happened to be a popular AM frequency, we monitored our own 2 meter output. If the HF rig in my truck Paul Johnston KA5FYI retransmitted unwanted signals, we would know and could disable the crosslink. To prevent this from happening, we had In reading about Ian Drummond's efforts to attempt to the squelch turned up on my HF rig. Our nearby 80-meter purchase a cave-radio-to-VHF crosslink in SDe/eanies 20, p2, signal would probably be stronger than a distant signal. I thought that I would relate my experience with crosslinking 80 The above setup worked well. It was wonderful to see the meters AM to 2 meters FM, and 11 meters AM to 2 meters FM. World War II walkie-talkies in action more than 40 years after For being able to do this I owe credit to the advice of WA5RON. their day in history. In helping to provide point-to-point communication for a The next year, following the theme of trying to use available small portion of the Texas Water Safari. a canoe race from equipment, I crosslinked 11 meter AM (CB) to 2 meter FM. In Central Texas to the Gulf of Mexico, it became apparent that the CB radio I built the PTT switch and brought its output to an crosslinking would make the job much easier. Located on the outside jack; I also brought the microphone input to an external riverbank about 60 feet vertically below the main roadway and jack. about 300 feet horizontally, it was hard for the 2-meter signal Patching the radios together was the same as already to travel downstream through all the vegetation to the next described. Adjusting the volume and squelch of each radio communication point. However, if you used a 5/8-wave was done with the assistance of 2-meter and a 11-meter antenna and a couple of watts on simplex. you could easily talk handheld radios. with the other radio operators downstream while standing uphill I have used the above setup for several years and il has at road level. worked well. I do keep the 11 meter squelch tight to prevent This happened in 1988 when crossband-repeat options were unwanted CB signals from coming out on the 2-meter amateur just becoming available for 2-meter radios. However, I wanted radio band. Again, by monitoring the 2-meter output at to use the equipment that I had available. WA5RON proposed riverside, I can be sure that only my own signals are to experiment with crosslinking 80-meter AM (3.8862 MHz) to retransmitted. 2-meter FM. The thrill of the above experiments was in improvising with He had two BC611 walkie-talkies (a working set of World the equipment that was on hand.
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