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Home , Bombingham, Constance Curry, Frye Gaillard, Joanne Bland, Timothy Tyson

David Carter, Assistant Professor of History, [email protected] Please feel free to contact me with any questions.

Selected Filmography

Eyes on the Prize, vol.’s 1-6, Blackside Productions II, vol.’s 1-8, Blackside Productions Freedom Song The Murder of , American Experience [ see http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/ ] February One, California Newsreel [ http://www.newsreel.org/nav/title.asp?tc=CN0170 ] Freedom on my Mind, California Newsreel [http://www.newsreel.org/nav/title.asp?tc=CN0037 ]

Books Often Displayed During Teaching Workshops on the Civil Rights Era

Armstrong, Julie Buckner, Susan Hult Edwards, Houston Bryan Roberson, and Rhonda Y. Williams, eds., Teaching the American : Freedom’s Bittersweet Song (New York, 2002)

Carrier, Jim, A Traveler’s Guide to the Civil Rights Movement (New York, 2004)

Daniel, Pete, Lost Revolutions: The South in the 1950s (Chapel Hill, , 2000)

Davis, Townsend, Weary Feet, Rested Souls: A Guided History of the Civil Rights Movement (New York, 1998)

Dyson, Michael Eric, I May Not Get There With You: The True Martin Luther King, Jr. (New York, 2000)

Fairclough, Adam, Martin Luther King, Jr. (Athens, Georgia, 1990, 1995)

Gaillard, Frye, Cradle of Freedom: and the Movement That Changed America (Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 2004)

Lawson, Steven F., Running for Freedom: Civil Rights and Black Politics in America Since 1941, rev. ed. (New York, 1996)

Lewis, John with Michael D’Orso. Walking With the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement (New York, 1998)

Sitkoff, Harvard, The Struggle for Black Equality, 1954-1992, rev. ed. (New York, 1993)

Webb, Sheyann, and Rachel West Nelson, with Frank Sikora, Selma, Lord, Selma: Girlhood Memories of the Civil-Rights Days (Tuscaloosa, Ala., 1997)

Weisbrot, Paul, Freedom Bound: A History of America’s Civil Rights Movement (New York, 1990) Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 2

Weblinks For Selected Civil Rights Museums

Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historic Site http://www.nps.gov/malu/

Southern Poverty Law Center, Montgomery, Alabama http://www.splcenter.org/

National Voting Rights Museum and Institute Selma, Alabama , Director http://www.voterights.org/

Birmingham Civil Rights Institute, Alabama http://www.bcri.org/index.html

National Civil Rights Museum, Memphis http://www.civilrightsmuseum.org/

Fiction with prominent race relations and civil rights-related themes:

• Mark Childress, Crazy in Alabama • Elizabeth Cox, Night Talk • Christopher Paul Curtis, The Watsons Go to Birmingham - 1963 • Ernest Gaines, A Gathering of Old Men • Anthony Grooms, Bombingham • Charles Johnson, Dreamer • Robert McCammon, Boy’s Life • Sena Jeter Naslund, Four Spirits • Lewis Nordan, Wolf Whistle • Alice Walker, Meridian

Selected historical memoirs and history written for the broader public with race relations and / or civil rights as prominent themes:

• Will D. Campbell, Brother to a Dragonfly • et al, Deep in Our Hearts • Osha Gray Davidson, The Best of Enemies: Race and Redemption in the New South • Melissa Fay Greene, Praying for Sheetrock • Nathan McCall, Makes Me Wanna Holler: A Young Black Man in America • , Blood Done Sign My Name • Gregory Howard Williams, Life on the Color Line: The True Story of a White Boy Who Discovered He Was Black

Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 3

Some Other Items Of Interest:

Reporting Civil Rights: American Journalism 1941-1963 (Library of America)

Reporting Vietnam: American Journalism, 1959-1975 (Library of America) two volumes

Michael Beschloss, Taking Charge: The Johnson White House Tapes 1963-1964

Jonathan Rosenberg and Zachary Karabell, Kennedy, Johnson, and the Quest for Justice: The Civil Rights Tapes

Michael Beschloss, Reaching for Glory: Lyndon Johnson’s Secret White House Tapes, 1964-1965

Carson, Clayborne, ed. The Movement: 1964-1970. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1993. [this was the SNCC newspaper collection I mentioned, very user-friendly, in a single volume bound edition that I recommend placing on reserve]

Meier, August, Elliot Rudwick, and John Bracey, Jr. Black Protest in the Sixties. New York: Markus Wiener Pub., 1991. [a collection of newspaper coverage of the movement, mostly featuring New York Times coverage, if memory serves]

Clayborne Carson et al., eds., The Eyes on the Prize Civil Rights Reader: Documents, Speeches, and Firsthand Accounts from the Black Freedom Struggle (New York: Viking Penguin, 1991)

Harvard Sitkoff, The Struggle for Black Equality, 1954-1992, rev. ed. (New York: Hill and Wang, 1993) [a good overview of the movement years]; another good overview is Steven Lawson’s Running for Freedom; Paul Weisbrot’s Freedom Bound: A History of America’s Civil Rights Movement has been criticized by some movement historians as being too “top-down,” but it does a better job of moving beyond the confines of the American South than some treatments

On Microfilm at Auburn University

Martin Luther King, Jr. FBI Assassination File. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Papers. Lawson, Steven F., ed. Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration, 1963-1969, Parts I-III. Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, Austin, Tex.; Frederick, Md.: University Publications of America, Inc., 1984. Microfilm.

Useful Url’s http://www.reportingcivilrights.org/ is a useful companion website to the Library of America Reporting Civil Rights two volume collection

There is an extraordinarily rich on-line collection of ’s civil rights movement compiled by historians and researchers at the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg. The digital archive can be accessed at:

http://www.lib.usm.edu/~spcol/crda/

Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 4

The following three websites highlight how different museum facilities go about “re-membering the 1960s” in very different ways

Birmingham Civil Rights Institute in Birmingham, Alabama: http://bcri.bham.al.us/index.htm

National Voting Rights Museum and Institute in Selma, Alabama: http://www.voterights.org/

National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis, Tennessee: http://www.civilrightsmuseum.org/

Works on Children and Young People in the Civil Rights Movement:

Melba Patillo Beals, Warriors Don't Cry: A Searing Memoir of the Battle to Integrate Little Rock's Central High , The Greensboro Four , The Children Ellen Levine, Freedom's Children: Young Civil Rights Activists Tell Their Own Stories Chris Mayfield, ed., Growing Up Southern: Southern Exposure Looks at Childhood, Then and Now Anne Moody, Coming of Age in Mississippi (1968) Oh, Freedom! Kids Talk About the Civil Rights Movement with the People Who Made It Happen Sheyann Webb and Rachel West Nelson, with Frank Sikora, Selma, Lord, Selma: Girlhood Memories of the Civil-Rights Days (Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1997)

Topical / Thematic / Event-Driven Bibliography

Brown v. Board of Education Greenberg, Jack. Crusaders in the Courts: How a Dedicated Band of Lawyers Fought for the Civil Rights Revolution. New York: Basic Books, 1994. Kluger, Richard. Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America’s Struggle for Equality. New York: Knopf, 1976. Martin, Waldo E., ed. Brown V. Board of Education: A Brief History With Documents. New York: Bedford / St. Martin’s, 1998. McNeil, Genna Rae. Groundwork: Charles Hamilton Houston and the Struggle for Civil Rights. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983. Patterson, James T. Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Little Rock Bates, Daisy. The Long Shadow of Little Rock: A Memoir. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1987 (1962). Melba Patillo Beals. Warriors Don’t Cry: A Searing Memoir of the Battle to Integrate Little Rock’s Central High. New York: Pocket Books, 1994 (1964). Jacoway, Elizabeth, and C. Fred Williams, eds. Understanding the Little Rock Crisis. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1999. Reed, Roy. Faubus: The Life and Times of an American Prodigal. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1997. Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 5

Roy, Beth. Bitters in the Honey: Tales of Hope and Disappointment Across Divides of Race and Time. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1999.

Meredith Enrolls at Ole Miss Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Doyle, William. An American Insurrection: The Battle of Oxford, Mississippi, 1962. New York: Doubleday, 2001. Meredith, James. Three Years in Mississippi. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1966.

Civil Rights Act of 1964 Dallek, Robert. Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961-1973. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Loevy, Robert D., ed. The : The Passage of the Law that Ended Racial Segregation. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997. Mann, Robert. The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell, and the Struggle for Civil Rights. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996. Watson, Denton L. Lion in the Lobby: Clarence Mitchell, Jr.’s Struggle for the Passage of Civil Rights Laws. New York: Morrow, 1990. Whalen, Charles, and Barbara Whalen. The Longest Debate: A Legislative History of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Washington, D.C.: Seven Locks Press, 1985.

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party Curry, Constance. : The Fire Ever Burning. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2000. Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Mills, Kay. This Little Light of Mine: The Life of . New York: Dutton, 1993. Mills, Nicolaus. Like a Holy Crusade: Mississippi 1964 – The Turning of the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi. New York: Ivan R. Dee, 1993. Payne, Charles M. I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.

Voting Rights Act of 1965 Dallek, Robert. Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961-1973. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Fager, Charles E. Selma, 1965: The That Changed the South. Boston: Beacon Press, 1985. Garrow, David J. Protest at Selma: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1978. Lawson, Steven F. Black Ballots: Voting Rights in the South, 1944-1969. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976. Thornton, III, J. Mills, Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002.

Montgomery Bus Boycott Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 6

Stewart Burns, ed. Daybreak of Freedom: The . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1997. Robinson, Jo Ann Gibson. The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Women Who Started It. Edited, with a foreword, by David J. Garrow. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1987. Willy S. Leventhal, ed., The Children Coming On: A Retrospective of the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Montgomery, Al.: Black Belt Press, 1997. Thornton, III, J. Mills, Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002.

Sit-Ins Chafe, William H. Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, North Carolina, and the Black Struggle for Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980. Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn, ed. A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1998. Halberstam, David. The Children. New York: Random House, 1998. Lewis, John with Michael D’Orso. Walking With the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998. Moody, Anne. Coming of Age in Mississippi. New York: Laurel, 1997 (1968).

Freedom Rides Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Davis, Townsend. Weary Feet, Rested Souls: A Guided History of the Civil Rights Movement. New York: W.W. Norton, 1998. Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Halberstam, David. The Children. New York: Random House, 1998.

Albany Movement Abernathy, Ralph David. And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: An Autobiography. New York: Harper Collins, 1991. Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Carson, Clayborne. In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981. Forman, James. The Making of Black Revolutionaries. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997 (1985). Morris, Aldon D. The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement: Black Communities Organizing for Change. New York: Free Press, 1986.

Birmingham Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Eskew, Glenn T. But for Birmingham: The Local and National Movements in the Civil Rights Struggle. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997. Andrew M. Manis, A Fire You Can’t Put Out: The Civil Rights Life of Birmingham’s Reverend . Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1999. McWhorter, Diane. Carry Me Home: Birmingham Alabama – The Climactic Battle of the Civil Rights Revolution. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 7

Sikora, Frank. Until Justice Rolls Down: The Birmingham Church Bombing Case. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1991. Thornton, III, J. Mills, Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002.

March on Washington Anderson, Jervis., A. Philip Randolph: A Biographical Portrait. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1973. Bass, Patrik Henry. Like a Mighty Stream: The March on Washington, August 28, 1963. Philadelphia: Running Press Books, 2002. Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Lewis, John with Michael D’Orso. Walking With the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998.

Mississippi Belfrage, Sally. Freedom Summer. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1990 (1965). Branch, Taylor. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years, 1963-65. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998. Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn, ed. A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1998. McAdam, Doug. 1988. Freedom Summer. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990 (1988). Mills, Nicolaus. Like a Holy Crusade: Mississippi 1964 – The Turning of the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi. New York: Ivan R. Dee, 1993. Payne, Charles M. I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.

Selma March Chestnut, J.L., Jr. and Julia Cass. Black In Selma, The Uncommon Life of J.L. Chestnut, Jr.: Politics and Power in a Small American Town. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1990. Fager, Charles E. Selma, 1965: The March That Changed the South. Boston: Beacon Press, 1985. Garrow, David J. Protest at Selma: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1978. Thornton, III, J. Mills, Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002. Webb, Sheyanne and Rachel West Nelson. Selma, Lord, Selma: Girlhood Memories of the Civil Rights Days. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1980.

Black Power Carmichael, Stokely (Kwame Ture), and Charles V. Hamilton. : The Politics of Liberation in America. New York: Vintage Books, 1992 (1967). Davis, Angela Yvonne. : An Autobiography. New York: International Publishers, 1988. Radosh, Ronald. “From Protest to Black Power: The Failure of Coalition Politics.” In The Great Society Reader: The Failure of American Liberalism, ed. Marvin E. Gettleman and David Mermelstein, 278-93. New York: Random House, 1967. Tyson, Timothy B. Radio Free Dixie: Robert F. Williams and the Roots of Black Power. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 8

Van Deburg, William L. New Day In Babylon: The and American Culture, 1965- 1975. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Woodard, Komozi. A Nation Within a Nation: Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones) and Black Power Politics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.

Malcolm X Branch, Taylor. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years, 1963-65. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998. Dyson, Michael Eric. Making Malcolm: The Myth and Meaning of . New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Goldman, Peter L. The Death and Life of Malcolm X. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1979. Malcolm X, with the assistance of Alex Haley. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. New York: Ballantine Books, 1992. Wood, Joe, ed. Malcolm X: In Our Own Image. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992.

Lowndes County Freedom Organization Davis, Townsend. Weary Feet, Rested Souls: A Guided History of the Civil Rights Movement. New York: W.W. Norton, 1998. Eagles, Charles W. “From Shotguns to Umbrellas: The Civil Rights Movement in Lowndes County, Alabama.” In The Adaptable South: Essays in Honor of George Brown Tindall, ed. Elizabeth Jacoway, Dan Carter, and Robert McMath, 212-236. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1991. Eagles, Charles W. Outside Agitator: Jon Daniels and the Civil Rights Movement in Alabama. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993. Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn, ed. A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1998.

Black Panthers Brown, Elaine. A Taste of Power: A Black Woman’s Story. New York: Anchor, 1994. Cleaver, Kathleen, and George Katsiaficas, eds. Liberation, Imagination, and the : A New Look at the Black Panthers and Their Legacy. New York: Routledge, 2001. Jones, Charles, ed. The Black Panther Party (Reconsidered). Baltimore: Black Classic Press, 1998. O’Reilly, Kenneth. “Racial Matters”: The FBI’s Secret File on Black America, 1960-1972. New York: Free Press, 1989.

Riots Conot, Robert. Rivers of Blood, Years of Darkness: The Unforgettable Classic Account of the Watts Riot. New York: Morrow, 1967. Fine, Sidney. Violence in the Model City: The Cavanagh Administration, Race Relations, and the Detroit Riot of 1967. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1989. Hayden, Tom. Rebellion in Newark: Official Violence and Ghetto Response. New York: Vintage Books, 1967. Horne, Gerald. Fire This Time: The Watts Uprising and the 1960s. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1995. Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders. Otto Kerner, chairman. With an introduction by Tom Wicker. New York: Bantam Books, 1968.

SNCC: Desegregation Efforts Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 9

Carson, Clayborne. In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981. Grant, Joanne. : Freedom Bound. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998. Halberstam, David. The Children. New York: Random House, 1998. Zinn, Howard. SNCC: The New Abolitionists. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1985 (1965).

SNCC: Mississippi Voter Registration Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954-1963. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988. Branch, Taylor. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years, 1963-65. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998. Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn, ed. A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1998. Mills, Nicolaus. Like a Holy Crusade: Mississippi 1964 – The Turning of the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi. New York: Ivan R. Dee, 1993. Payne, Charles M. I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.

SNCC: Selma Voter Registration Chestnut, J.L., Jr. and Julia Cass. Black In Selma, The Uncommon Life of J.L. Chestnut, Jr.: Politics and Power in a Small American Town. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1990. Fager, Charles E. Selma 1965: The March That Changed the South. Boston: Beacon Press, 1985. Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn, ed. A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1998. Thornton, III, J. Mills, Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2002.

SNCC: Abandoning Integration Carmichael, Stokely (Kwame Ture), and Charles V. Hamilton. Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America. New York: Vintage Books, 1992 (1967). Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Forman, James. The Making of Black Revolutionaries. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997 (1985). Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn, ed. A Circle of Trust: Remembering SNCC. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1998. Radosh, Ronald. “From Protest to Black Power: The Failure of Coalition Politics.” In The Great Society Reader: The Failure of American Liberalism, ed. Marvin E. Gettleman and David Mermelstein, 278-93. New York: Random House, 1967. Sellers, Cleveland, with Robert Terrell. River of No Return: The Autobiography of a Black Militant and the Life and Death of SNCC. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1990 (1973).

SNCC: Revolutionaries Brown, H. Rap, Die, Nigger, Die!: A Political Autobiography. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2002 (1969). Carmichael, Stokely (Kwame Ture), and Charles V. Hamilton. Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America. New York: Vintage Books, 1992 (1967). Selected Civil Rights Bibliography and Other Resources, 10

Forman, James. The Making of Black Revolutionaries. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997 (1985). Sellers, Cleveland, with Robert Terrell. River of No Return: The Autobiography of a Black Militant and the Life and Death of SNCC. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1990 (1973).