DOCSLIB.ORG

Communiqué No

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Communiqué No Taiwan Communiqué Published by: Formosan Association for Public Affairs 552 7th St. SE, Washington, D.C. 20003 Tel. (202) 547-3686 International edition, April / May 2013 Published 5 times a year 141 ISSN number: 1027-3999 Congressmen visit President Chen in jail On 2 May 2013, two prominent U.S. Congressmen, Mr. Steve Chabot (R-OH) and Mr. Eni Valeomavaega (D-Samoa) visited former President Chen in his cell in Pei-teh prison hospital Taichung, in central Taiwan. Chabot serves as the Chairman of the Subcommit- tee Asia & Pacific in the House Foreign Affairs Committee, while Valeomavaega is the Ranking Member. The visit came on the heels of Chen’s sudden transfer from the Veteran’s General Hospital in Taipei to the prison in Taichung on 19 April 2013 (see below). After the visit to Taichung, the Congressmen expressed concern about Chen’s health condition, and urged that Chen’s human rights should be respected. Chabot stated: “we think there is a humanitarian way to resolve the situation, and we would like to see that happen.” The visit came after several Photo: Liberty Times tumultuous weeks, which saw a groundswell of expressions of support for medical parole for Chen, both in Taiwan itself and overseas. This was supple- mented by medical reports from the team treating him at Taipei Veterans General Hospital TVGH), indicating that the best solution would be home care or treatment in a hospital near his home in Kaohsiung, which would have a specialized Congressmen Chabot and Faleomavaega after their psychiatry department. visit to Chen Shui-bian in Pei-teh Prison Hospital Taiwan Communiqué -2- April / May 2013 This led to the general expectation that the Ministry of Justice of the Ma government would grant a medical parole in the near future. However, without any advance notice to the family or medical staff, the Ministry of Justice transferred the former president to a prison hospital in Taichung on 19 April 2013. Below, we present a summary of developments and an overview of the expressions of concern. Sudden move from hospital to prison On 19 April 2013, before dawn on that day, former President Chen was awakened and transported to Pei-teh Prison Hospital in Taichung, where the authorities had prepared an area for him, where he would continue his detention. Photo: Taipei Times The former President had been under treatment at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH) since mid-September 2012, when he was hospi- talized for a series of serious medical ailments, including a severe depression. The deteriora- tion of his health had been brought about by the detention conditions in the Taipei Prison, where he was held until that time. The transfer to the Taichung prison prompted immediate protests, especially because of the way it was implemented by the Ministry of Justice: it was done before dawn without any prior notification to the family or consultation with the doctors treating former President Chen at the TVGH. According to one of the doctors, Dr. Ko Wen-tze, the former President Former President Chen Shui-bian was not even given an opportunity to bring being moved his medical prescriptions, and the prison authorities later had to return to TCGH to pick up the missing prescriptions. Another one of the doctors, Dr. Chou Yuan-hua, a psychiatrist and the attending physician at TVGH later stated to the press that he had not received any prior notification on the move, and strongly disagreed with the way it was implemented. According to people visiting the former President right after the transfer, the new location is certainly roomier than the old location, but it lacks adequate medical facilities: it is a Taiwan Communiqué -3- April / May 2013 poorly equipped prison clinic, and certainly does not have adequate facilities or staff to treat the former President. It reportedly does not have a permanent medical staff of its own, but doctors from nearby hospitals rotate in to take care of medical cases. The DPP Caucus in the Legislative Yuan also got into action right away: After the legislators learned of the sudden move by the Justice Ministry, They occupied the rostrum of the Legislature – which had scheduled a debate on the nuclear power issue – and prevented the proceedings, demanding that the justice minister come to the legislature to explain his actions. In the meantime, a group of about eight DPP legislators went to the Ministry of Justice, demanding to see the minister. When he did not appear, they walked up to his office and banged and kicked on the door. Later reports indicated he was hiding inside. Here is a commentary on the matter from the OpEd pages of the Taipei Times. Widespread calls for medical parole As stated earlier, since the beginning of March 2013, there had been an increasing chorus of voices calling for the release of Chen Shui-bian on medical parole as well as efforts by members of the US Congress to push for medical parole for the former President. In Taiwan, this was led by DPP Chairman Su Tseng-chang and former DPP Chair Dr. Tsai Ing-wen, but also included the KMT Mayor of Taipei, Mr. Hau Lung-pin and resolutions adopted by 17 of the 23 city and country councils in Taiwan. In the United States, Congressman Robert Andrews (D- NJ) wrote a letter on 1 March 2013 to newly appointed Secretary of State John Kerry, strongly urging the State Department to take a stance on the treatment of the former president. Mr. Andrews pointed to the deplorable condi- tions under which president Chen had been held previ- ously, and stated “there is reason to believe that Mr. Chen is receiving more severe treatment than the other prison- ers.” He said: “As the first elected leader from outside the Kuomintang, Mr. Chen and his Democratic Progressive Party broke the 50 year power stronghold and served as a major obstacle to the KMT’s unification efforts.” Congressman Robert Andrews (D-NJ) Taiwan Communiqué -4- April / May 2013 Mr. Andrews concluded that “I believe it is the duty of the State Department, on behalf of the United States, to address Mr. Chen’s plight.” However, on 14 March 2013 Mr. Andrews received a rather non-committal response from the State Department, only reiterating some basic information on Chen’s detention, and saying that that the American Institute in Taiwan would “continue to follow Mr. Chen’s medical treatment and his prison conditions upon his release from the hospital.” This prompted Congressman Andrews to fire off a second letter complaining about the “rather stand-offish wait-and-see attitude on behalf of the US institutions representing our country.” In the 19 April 2013 letter to Secretary John Kerry he stated “That a former head of state is treated in such a manner is clearly in violation of the values of democracy and human rights that we as a nation hold high.” He added that “…we must clearly express ourselves in favor of a medical parole on humanitarian grounds..” Congressman Andrews also urged the AIT and State Department “…to take a closer look at the legal case against the former president, and determine whether the procedures followed by the prosecution were above board, and whether the trial and judgment can be considered fair, objective and politically neutral.” At around the same time, Congressman Steve Chabot (R- OH), the chairman of the Asia & Pacific subcommittee in the House Foreign Affairs Committee, also queried Sec- retary John Kerry on the matter: in a hearing in the full Committee on 18 April 2013, Mr. Chabot brought the issue of former President Chen’s incarceration, and stated that “To me, this smacks of the criminalization of politics.” Secretary responded that he would follow up on the issue, and see what he could do about it. A week later, at a 25 April 2013 Subcommittee hearing chaired by himself, Mr. Chabot announced that he would travel to Taiwan and hoped to visit Mr. Chen in jail. He said Mr. Chen had been incarcerated long enough, and Congressman Steve stated: “The humanitarian thing to do would be to let Chabot (R-OH) Chen go home …. Keeping him in prison for a day longer is unnecessary, wrongheaded and inhumane.” Then, on 2nd and 3rd of May 2013, Mr. Chabot visited Taiwan and travelled to Taichung to meet Mr. Chen in his new jail environment. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Taiwan Communiqué -5- April / May 2013 Whither Taiwan’s China policy? When the issue of Taiwan comes up in international forums, one can safely assume that the island’s relations with China are one of the major topics of discussion. At these events, comparisons are made between the policies of former Presidents Lee Teng-hui and Chen Shui-bian, who both emphasized Taiwan’s separate identity and right to international space, and the policies of the current administration of President Ma Ying- jeou, who has followed a more China-friendly approach. Copyright: Taipei Times The major issue dividing the two approaches is what ulti- mate goal is envisioned for Taiwan’s future: Presidents Lee and Chen envisioned a free and democratic Taiwan, while President Ma’s long- term vision goes into the di- rection of ultimate unification of Taiwan with, he hopes, a democratic China. But China is showing no signs of democratization: Political talks: "See? All above board -- no under- there has been economic the-table deals here at all..." liberalization leading to strong economic growth and China’s rise as an international player, but this has not been accompanied by political liberalization or any basic shift in the direction of democracy.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990
    Order Code RL30957 CRS Report for Congress .Received through the CRS Web Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990 Updated July 5, 2005 Shirley A. Kan Specialist in National Security Policy Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990 Summary This report, updated as warranted, discusses U.S. security assistance to Taiwan, or Republic of China (ROC), including policy issues for Congress and legislation. The Taiwan Relations Act (TRA), P.L. 96-8, has governed U.S. arms sales to Taiwan since 1979, when the United States recognized the People’s Republic of China (PRC) instead of the ROC. Two other relevant parts of the “one China” policy are the August 17, 1982 U.S.-PRC Joint Communique and the “Six Assurances” made to Taiwan. (Also see CRS Report RL30341, China/Taiwan: Evolution of the “One China” Policy — Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei, by Shirley Kan.) Despite the absence of diplomatic relations or a defense treaty, U.S. arms sales to Taiwan have been significant. In addition, the United States has expanded military ties with Taiwan after the PRC’s missile firings in 1995-1996. At the U.S.-Taiwan arms sales talks on April 24, 2001, President George W. Bush approved for possible sale: diesel-electric submarines, P-3 anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft (linked to the submarine sale), four decommissioned U.S. Kidd-class destroyers, and other items. Bush also deferred decisions on Aegis- equipped destroyers and other items, while denying other requests.
    [Show full text]
  • Thirty Years of Mission in Taiwan: the Case of Presbyterian Missionary George Leslie Mackay
    religions Article Thirty Years of Mission in Taiwan: The Case of Presbyterian Missionary George Leslie Mackay Magdaléna Rychetská Asia Studies Centre, Department of Chinese Studies, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] Abstract: The aims of this paper are to analyze the missionary endeavors of the first Canadian Presbyterian missionary in Taiwan, George Leslie Mackay (1844–1901), as described in From Far Formosa: The Islands, Its People and Missions, and to explore how Christian theology was established among and adapted to the Taiwanese people: the approaches that Mackay used and the missionary strategies that he implemented, as well as the difficulties that he faced. Given that Mackay’s missionary strategy was clearly highly successful—within 30 years, he had built 60 churches and made approximately 2000 converts—the question of how he achieved these results is certainly worth considering. Furthermore, from the outset, Mackay was perceived and received very positively in Taiwan and is considered something of a folk hero in the country even today. In the present-day Citation: Rychetská, Magdaléna. narrative of the Presbyterian Church in Taiwan, Mackay is seen as someone whose efforts to establish 2021. Thirty Years of Mission in an independent church with native local leadership helped to introduce democracy to Taiwan. Taiwan: The Case of Presbyterian However, in some of the scholarship, missionaries such as Mackay are portrayed as profit seekers. Missionary George Leslie Mackay. This paper seeks to give a voice to Mackay himself and thereby to provide a more symmetrical Religions 12: 190. https://doi.org/ approach to mission history.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Issue Taiwan and Ireland In
    TAIWAN IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Taiwan in Comparative Perspective is the first scholarly journal based outside Taiwan to contextualize processes of modernization and globalization through interdisciplinary studies of significant issues that use Taiwan as a point of comparison. The primary aim of the Journal is to promote grounded, critical, and contextualized analysis in English of economic, political, societal, and environmental change from a cultural perspective, while locating modern Taiwan in its Asian and global contexts. The history and position of Taiwan make it a particularly interesting location from which to examine the dynamics and interactions of our globalizing world. In addition, the Journal seeks to use the study of Taiwan as a fulcrum for discussing theoretical and methodological questions pertinent not only to the study of Taiwan but to the study of cultures and societies more generally. Thereby the rationale of Taiwan in Comparative Perspective is to act as a forum and catalyst for the development of new theoretical and methodological perspectives generated via critical scrutiny of the particular experience of Taiwan in an increasingly unstable and fragmented world. Editor-in-chief Stephan Feuchtwang (London School of Economics, UK) Editor Fang-Long Shih (London School of Economics, UK) Managing Editor R.E. Bartholomew (LSE Taiwan Research Programme) Editorial Board Chris Berry (Film and Television Studies, Goldsmiths College, UK) Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao (Sociology and Civil Society, Academia Sinica, Taiwan) Sung-sheng Yvonne Chang (Comparative Literature, University of Texas, USA) Kent Deng (Economic History, London School of Economics, UK) Bernhard Fuehrer (Sinology and Philosophy, School of Oriental and African Studies, UK) Mark Harrison (Asian Languages and Studies, University of Tasmania, Australia) Bob Jessop (Political Sociology, Lancaster University, UK) Paul R.
    [Show full text]
  • Settler Nationalism and Hero Narratives in a 2001 Exhibition of Taiwan Aboriginal Artefacts
    Aborigines Saved Yet Again: Settler Nationalism and Hero Narratives in a 2001 Exhibition of Taiwan Aboriginal Artefacts by Mark Eric Munsterhjelm BA, Carleton University, 1992 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Indigenous Governance Program We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard _________________________________________________ Dr. Jeff Corntassel, Supervisor (Indigenous Governance Program) _________________________________________________________________ Dr. Avigail Eisenberg, Departmental Member (Department of Political Science) _________________________________________________________________ Dr. Matt James, Outside Member (Department of Political Science) _________________________________________________________________ Dr. James Tully, External Examiner (Department of Political Science) © Mark Munsterhjelm, 2004 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii ABSTRACT Drawing upon field work, mass media accounts, and Canadian government internal documents, this thesis considers how settler/Aboriginal power relations were reproduced when Taiwan Aboriginal artefacts owned by the Royal Ontario Museum were used in a 2001 exhibition in Taipei to commemorate the centennial of the death of the Taiwanese nationalist hero, George Leslie Mackay (1844-1901). I argue that this exhibition and related Taiwan-Canada state Aboriginal exchanges
    [Show full text]
  • The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan and the Advocacy of Local Autonomy
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 92 January, 1999 The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan and the Advocacy of Local Autonomy by Christine Louise Lin Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form.
    [Show full text]
  • The History and Politics of Taiwan's February 28
    The History and Politics of Taiwan’s February 28 Incident, 1947- 2008 by Yen-Kuang Kuo BA, National Taiwan Univeristy, Taiwan, 1991 BA, University of Victoria, 2007 MA, University of Victoria, 2009 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of History © Yen-Kuang Kuo, 2020 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This dissertation may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee The History and Politics of Taiwan’s February 28 Incident, 1947- 2008 by Yen-Kuang Kuo BA, National Taiwan Univeristy, Taiwan, 1991 BA, University of Victoria, 2007 MA, University of Victoria, 2009 Supervisory Committee Dr. Zhongping Chen, Supervisor Department of History Dr. Gregory Blue, Departmental Member Department of History Dr. John Price, Departmental Member Department of History Dr. Andrew Marton, Outside Member Department of Pacific and Asian Studies iii Abstract Taiwan’s February 28 Incident happened in 1947 as a set of popular protests against the postwar policies of the Nationalist Party, and it then sparked militant actions and political struggles of Taiwanese but ended with military suppression and political persecution by the Nanjing government. The Nationalist Party first defined the Incident as a rebellion by pro-Japanese forces and communist saboteurs. As the enemy of the Nationalist Party in China’s Civil War (1946-1949), the Chinese Communist Party initially interpreted the Incident as a Taiwanese fight for political autonomy in the party’s wartime propaganda, and then reinterpreted the event as an anti-Nationalist uprising under its own leadership.
    [Show full text]
  • Detecting Digital Fingerprints: Tracing Chinese Disinformation in Taiwan
    Detecting Digital Fingerprints: Tracing Chinese Disinformation in Taiwan By: A Joint Report from: Nick Monaco Institute for the Future’s Digital Intelligence Lab Melanie Smith Graphika Amy Studdart The International Republican Institute 08 / 2020 Acknowledgments The authors and organizations who produced this report are deeply grateful to our partners in Taiwan, who generously provided time and insights to help this project come to fruition. This report was only possible due to the incredible dedication of the civil society and academic community in Taiwan, which should inspire any democracy looking to protect itself from malign actors. Members of this community For their assistance in several include but are not limited to: aspects of this report the authors also thank: All Interview Subjects g0v.tw Projects Gary Schmitt 0archive Marina Gorbis Cofacts Nate Teblunthuis DoubleThink Lab Sylvie Liaw Taiwan FactCheck Center Sam Woolley The Reporter Katie Joseff Taiwan Foundation for Democracy Camille François Global Taiwan Institute Daniel Twining National Chengchi University Election Johanna Kao Study Center David Shullman Prospect Foundation Adam King Chris Olsen Hsieh Yauling The Dragon’s Digital Fingerprint: Tracing Chinese Disinformation in Taiwan 2 Graphika is the network Institute for the Future’s The International Republican analysis firm that empowers (IFTF) Digital Intelligence Lab Institute (IRI) is one of the Fortune 500 companies, (DigIntel) is a social scientific world’s leading international Silicon Valley, human rights research entity conducting democracy development organizations, and universities work on the most pressing organizations. The nonpartisan, to navigate the cybersocial issues at the intersection of nongovernmental institute terrain. With rigorous and technology and society.
    [Show full text]
  • Freedom of Religion? a Law Against Religious Organizations
    Published by: International Committee for Human Rights in Taiwan Europe : P.O. Box 31, 3984 ZG ODIJK, The Netherlands U.S.A. : P.O. Box 45205, SEATTLE, Washington 98105-0205 European edition, August 1983 Published 6 times a year ISSN number: 1027-3999 13 Freedom of Religion? A law against religious organizations Once again the Taiwan authorities are trying to find a way to restrict the activities of religious organizations: on June 3, 1983 the Ministry of Interior announced that it is planning to introduce a law designed to “protect” freedom of religion. As was aptly stated in a recent article in a major Dutch newspaper (TROUW, August 10, 1983), only the first article of the law talks about protecting freedom of religion: the remaining 24 articles show the opposite. It is clear that this measure is particularly aimed at the Presbyterian Church, the largest Christian denomina- tion on Taiwan, which has always taken a strong stance on human rights and democracy on the island. On the following pages we present: 1. an analysis of the major provisions of the proposed law. The full text of the law is available upon request from Taiwan Communiqué; 2. a brief history of the Presbyterian Church; 3. the text of the Church’s 1977 Declaration on Human Rights; 4. background information on the imprisoned General Secretary, Dr. Kao Chun-ming. “Down comes a law to protect us...” Taiwan Communiqué -2- August 1983 “The Law to Protect Religion” Two key provisions of the proposed Act are contained in articles no. 2 and 8: . Article no.
    [Show full text]
  • Market Shocks and Newspaper Ideology: Evidence from Taiwan
    Market Shocks and Newspaper Ideology: Evidence from Taiwan Chun-Fang Chiang Long-Yu Chiou David Jinkins Abstract This paper investigates the influence of market forces on newspaper ideologies and readers’ choices in Taiwan. We measure a newspaper’s political position by counting a newspaper’s relative frequency of use of the terms “China” and “Mainland”. This captures a newspaper’s position on Taiwanese Independence, a major issue in Taiwanese politics. We find that Liberty Times had significantly changed its newspaper political position in 2003, when a tabloid newspaper owned by a Hong-Kong media firm entered the newspaper market in Taiwan. Using survey data, we estimate consumer preferences for newspaper consumption and examine the newspapers’ best strategies on choosing political positions. We find that the ideological change made by Liberty Times was necessary to maintain its market share in the face of competition. Finally, we analyze changes in newspaper ideologies in 2008 when China Times was sold to Want Want Group. --------------------------------------------------- Chiang (corresponding author): Department of Economics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. TEL: 866-2-23519641; E-mail:[email protected]. Chiou: Department of Economics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Jinkins: Department of Economics, Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA. Suppose Eve hadn't bitten into that forbidden fruit. There wouldn't be evil or wrongdoing in the world, and of course no news either. – The founder of Apple Daily 1. Introduction The naughties were frightening for a traditional Taiwanese newspaperman. In 2003, a tabloid newspaper from Hong Kong burst into the staid Taiwanese newspaper market. Apple Daily quickly devoured market share from established newspapers.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Information
    Local information Wikimania 2007 Taipei :: a Globe in Accord English • Deutsch • Français • Italiano • 荳袿ᣩ • Nederlands • Norsk (bokmål) • Português • Ο錮"(顔覓/ヮ翁) • Help translation Taipei is the capital of Republic of China, and is the largest city of Taiwan. It is the political, commercial, media, educational and pop cultural center of Taiwan. According to the ranking by Freedom House, Taiwan enjoys the most free government in Asia in 2006. Taiwan is rich in Chinese culture. The National Palace Museum in Taipei holds world's largest collection of Chinese artifacts, artworks and imperial archives. Because of these characteristics, many public institutions and private companies had set their headquarters in Taipei, making Taipei one of the most developed cities in Asia. Well developed in commercial, tourism and infrastructure, combined with a low consumers index, Taipei is a unique city of the world. You could find more information from the following three sections: Local Information Health, Regulations Main Units of General Weather safety, and Financial and Electricity Embassies Time Communications Page measurement Conversation Accessibility Customs Index 1. Weather - Local weather information. 2. Health and safety - Information regarding your health and safety◇where to find medical help. 3. Financial - Financial information like banks and ATMs. 4. Regulations and Customs - Regulations and customs information to help your trip. 5. Units of measurement - Units of measurement used by local people. 6. Electricity - Infromation regarding voltage. 7. Embassies - Information of embassies in Taiwan. 8. Time - Time zone, business hours, etc. 9. Communications - Information regarding making phone calls and get internet services. 10. General Conversation - General conversation tips. 1.
    [Show full text]
  • How Subways and High Speed Railways Have Changed Taiwan: Transportation Technology, Urban Culture, and Social Life
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Publications and Research John Jay College of Criminal Justice 2010 How Subways and High Speed Railways Have Changed Taiwan: Transportation Technology, Urban Culture, and Social Life Anru LEE CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/jj_pubs/54 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] 1 How to Cite: Lee, Anru, and Chien-hung Tung. 2010. “How Subways and High Speed Railways Have Changed Taiwan: Transportation Technology, Urban Culture, and Social Life.” In Marc Moskowitz (ed.) Popular Culture in Taiwan: Charismatic Modernity. Pp. 107-130. London and New York: Routledge. 2 How Subways and High Speed Railways Have Changed Taiwan: Transportation Technology, Urban Culture, and Social Life Anru Lee Chien-hung Tung Department of Anthropology Graduate Institute of Rural Planning John Jay College of Criminal Justice National Chung Hsing University The City University of New York Taiwan It is 7:20 on a Tuesday morning.1 Mr Yan starts from his residence in Shi-lin, one of the districts of Taipei City (the capital city and financial-cultural center of Taiwan, located in the north of the country), walking towards the closest Taipei Mass Rapid Transit (TMRT) station. As the executive director of a major cultural research and consulting firm based in Taipei, he has to be at the Municipal Building of Kaohsiung City (the second largest city and hub of heavy industries of Taiwan—and a world-class port—located in the south of the country) at 10:30 a.m.
    [Show full text]
  • 白話字的起源與在台灣的發展the Origins of Pe̍h-Ōe-Jī and Its
    國立台灣師範大學台灣語文學系 博士論文 指導教授：賀安娟（Ann Heylen）博士 白話字的起源與在台灣的發展 The Origins of Pe̍ h-ōe-jī and Its Development in Taiwan 研究生：陳慕真 撰 2015 年 12 月 本論文獲得科技部 104 年度獎勵人文與社會科學 領域博士候選人撰寫博士論文獎勵，謹此誌謝。 摘要 本文以白話字為研究主題，探討白話字從十九世紀至今百餘年來的發展，分 析白話字在麻六甲的起源，在中國廈門的形成，以及在台灣從清末、日治時期， 到戰後的發展。透過白話字於不同時期的歷史梳理與分析，本文指出，白話字在 台灣的發展主要呈現兩條主要的脈絡：一為從 1865 年開始，由英國長老教會的 宣教師所發展的白話字運動 ── 這條主線在教會內穩定的發展，從日治時期延 續到戰後，直到 1969 年國民黨政府全面禁止白話字為止；另一條脈絡源於日治 時期的 1920 年代，白話字運動與台灣文化啟蒙運動相結合，並在戰後 1950 年代 由台灣省議員所接續，此後因為高壓的國語政策而沉寂，直到 1980 年代才在政 治解嚴的風潮下，隨著台語文運動而再次出現於台灣社會。這兩條脈絡顯示出白 話字在台灣的發展轉變為：（一）推動者：從西方宣教師轉變為台灣本地知識份 子，（二）訴求對象：從長老教會的信徒，擴及至台灣社會大眾，（三）推動目 的：從傳揚基督教，達成信仰教育，改變為以普及知識，達成社會教育，（四） 認同取向：從對基督教的信仰認同，發展為對台灣民族的認同。從這些轉變的過 程顯示出白話字一開始作為西方宣教師創制的文字系統在台灣本土化的痕跡。 從 1885 年《台灣府城教會報》創刊開始，台灣基督長老教會就開創了以白 話字閱讀、書寫、出版、傳播的時代，直到戰後的 1969 年為止。在長老教會的 推動下，白話字已經穩固的成為基督徒社群共通的文字。在 1885 年至 1969 年這 段台灣的「白話字時代」中，以白話字出版之書籍、刊物，總數量至少近千冊， 內容涵蓋了文學藝術、宗教信仰、歷史文化、兒童教育、醫學知識等領域。這些 成果顯示，以白話字所構築的知識體系已然健全，並成熟的體現在各領域。白話 字除了是教會信徒領受基督信仰的文字工具外，也是台灣人以台語獲取各種現代 化知識的重要途徑。 本文的另一個重點，在於指出「白話字傳播圈」的概念 ── 從十九世紀白 話字的傳播路線來看，首先是從南洋的麻六甲（1820 年代），繼而到中國廈門 （1850 年代），最後來到台灣（1865 年代）。就歷史的進程而言，台灣居於「白 話字傳播圈」的末端。然而，經過百餘年來歷史的發展，隨著東南亞華人和中國 閩南人的政治情勢、族群結構、語言式微、宗教信仰等主客觀因素，福建話和閩 南話的白話字在當地並未有穩定和長足的發展。相較於此，1980 年代後，隨著 台語文運動的成果，使得台灣在白話字上取得優勢和主導權，逐漸躍居為新加坡、 馬來西亞和中國閩南的白話字輸入中心。換言之，台灣從歷史上「白話字傳播圈」 的末端，逐漸發展成為具有「白話字傳播圈」中心的條件。 關鍵詞：白話字、台語、教會羅馬字、台語文運動、台灣基督長老教會、《台 灣教會公報》、台灣宣道社、白話字時代（1885-1969）、台灣文學 Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to study the development of Pe̍ h-ōe-jī since the nineteenth century and to analyze its origins in Malacca, its formation in Amoy, and its development in Taiwan from the sunset of the Qing dynasty to the post‐war period. The survey results of the development of Pe̍ h-ōe-jī indicate that the development of Pe̍ h-ōe-jī in Taiwan has two major contexts.
    [Show full text]