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William Warder Cadbury, His Mission in Canton, and Public Health Initiatives 1909–1937
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sydney eScholarship A Pacifist’s Point: William Warder Cadbury, His Mission in Canton, and Public Health Initiatives 1909–1937 Thomas Patrick Gardner 430164206 A thesis submitted to the Department of History, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BLAS (Honours) in History University of Sydney William Warder Cadbury (sitting, right), his wife Catherine J. Cadbury (sitting, left), their three daughters Jane, Emma, and Kit (standing), and Lei ‘Jimmy’ Ip Nung in William’s lap.1 1 ‘Cadbury, William Warder’ The American Context of China’s Christian Colleges and Schools Created 2002 / Updated 2014, Middletown: Wesleyan University, available from: http://divinity- adhoc.library.yale.edu/ChinaCollegesProject/Haverford/bios/cadbury_william.html [accessed 4th October 2016]. 1 Fig 1. A 1920 US Navy Map of Canton. Note Canton Christian College (Lingnan University) in the South-East Corner.2 Introduction William Warder Cadbury (1877–1959) was a Quaker Medical Missionary who preached and worked in Canton on and off from 1909 to 1949. Over the forty years which he spent in Southern China, Cadbury worked to help the Cantonese around him as he thought he best could. It was however, a ministry filled with apparent contradictions. A devout Quaker, he came from a movement that had for most of its existence eschewed all missionaries or anything that too closely resembled clergy. An avowed pacifist and healer, he nevertheless 2 Canton, China (United States: Bureau of Navigation, 1920), n.p. 2 supported the militarist Guomindang for most of his time in Canton, and adopted the son of one of their generals. -
Lavoisier in Nineteenth-Century China
Benjamin Hobson: The Introduction of Western Religion, Medicine and Science into Nineteenth-Century China CHANG Hao Center for General Education, Fortune Institute of Technology 125-8, Chyi-Wen Rd. Chyi-Shan, Kaohsiung County Tel: 07-6618851#2400 Fax: 07-6618850 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Hobson’s success in China was not only based on the medical practice and his religious work, but also on his efforts in introducing natural science to the country. He used to preach to his patients before he treated them. Due to his kind and gentle manner, his faithful attention and skillful practice, he became known as “the model medical missionary.” He thought that medical science in China was at a rather low level, and that the knowledge of anatomy and surgery in ancient Greece and Rome was much superior to anything in nineteenth-century China. Therefore, he attempted to introduce the well-establishes principles and facts of Western medical science to China. Although Hobson was a medical missionary, he did more to promote the study of science in China than any other men of their time. He was the first and for some time most influential Protestant writer on science in the Chinese language. Hobson presented a broad range of scientific knowledge pitched to a general audience, borrowing Chinese terms from those in common use. During the 1850s, he wrote five books on medical science, which were widely regarded as the standard works in this field. His book, bowu xinbian(Natural philosophy and natural history), which was published in 1855 and provided a general introduction to chemistry, physics, astronomy, geography and zoology, was described as like “the dawn of a new era upon Chinese minds.” His Chinese translations for the chemical elements oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, yangqi(nourishing gas), qingqi(light gas), and danqi(diluting gas), are still in use today. -
Englischer Diplomat, Commissioner Chinese Maritime Customs Biographie 1901 James Acheson Ist Konsul Des Englischen Konsulats in Qiongzhou
Report Title - p. 1 of 348 Report Title Acheson, James (um 1901) : Englischer Diplomat, Commissioner Chinese Maritime Customs Biographie 1901 James Acheson ist Konsul des englischen Konsulats in Qiongzhou. [Qing1] Aglen, Francis Arthur = Aglen, Francis Arthur Sir (Scarborough, Yorkshire 1869-1932 Spital Perthshire) : Beamter Biographie 1888 Francis Arthur Aglen kommt in Beijing an. [ODNB] 1888-1894 Francis Arthur Aglen ist als Assistent für den Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Beijing, Xiamen (Fujian), Guangzhou (Guangdong) und Tianjin tätig. [CMC1,ODNB] 1894-1896 Francis Arthur Aglen ist Stellvertretender Kommissar des Inspektorats des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Beijing. [CMC1] 1899-1903 Francis Arthur Aglen ist Kommissar des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Nanjing. [ODNB,CMC1] 1900 Francis Arthur Aglen ist General-Inspektor des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Shanghai. [ODNB] 1904-1906 Francis Arthur Aglen ist Chefsekretär des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Beijing. [CMC1] 1907-1910 Francis Arthur Aglen ist Kommissar des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Hankou (Hubei). [CMC1] 1910-1927 Francis Arthur Aglen ist zuerst Stellvertretender General-Inspektor, dann General-Inspektor des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Beijing. [ODNB,CMC1] Almack, William (1811-1843) : Englischer Teehändler Bibliographie : Autor 1837 Almack, William. A journey to China from London in a sailing vessel in 1837. [Reise auf der Anna Robinson, Opiumkrieg, Shanghai, Hong Kong]. [Manuskript Cambridge University Library]. Alton, John Maurice d' (Liverpool vor 1883) : Inspektor Chinese Maritime Customs Biographie 1883 John Maurice d'Alton kommt in China an und dient in der chinesischen Navy im chinesisch-französischen Krieg. [Who2] 1885-1921 John Maurice d'Alton ist Chef Inspektor des Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Nanjing. -
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INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Beil & Howell Iniormation Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313,761-4700 800,521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. -
Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century
Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wong, John. 2012. Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9282867 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – John D. Wong All rights reserved. Professor Michael Szonyi John D. Wong Global Positioning: Houqua and his China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century Abstract This study unearths the lost world of early-nineteenth-century Canton. Known today as Guangzhou, this Chinese city witnessed the economic dynamism of global commerce until the demise of the Canton System in 1842. Records of its commercial vitality and global interactions faded only because we have allowed our image of old Canton to be clouded by China’s weakness beginning in the mid-1800s. By reviving this story of economic vibrancy, I restore the historical contingency at the juncture at which global commercial equilibrium unraveled with the collapse of the Canton system, and reshape our understanding of China’s subsequent economic experience. I explore this story of the China trade that helped shape the modern world through the lens of a single prominent merchant house and its leading figure, Wu Bingjian, known to the West by his trading name of Houqua. -
Bibliography
BIBLIOGRAPHY HUDSON TAYLOR AND THE CHINA INLAND MISSION 1. PRIMARY SOURCES: Publications by J.H. Taylor and the CIM 1.1 JAMES HUDSON TAYLOR China’s Spiritual Need and Claims (London: Morgan & Scott, 1865). Brief Account of the Progress of the China Inland Mission from May 1866 – May 1868 (London: Nisbet & Co.1868). The Arrangements of the CIM (Shanghai: CIM, 1886). Union and Communion or Thoughts on the Song of Solomon. (London: Morgan and Scott, 1894). After Thirty Years: Three Decades of the CIM (London: Morgan and Scott, 1895). Hudson Taylor’s Retrospect (London: OMF Books, Eighteenth Edition, 1974). Unfailing Springs (Sevenoaks: Overseas Missionary Fellowship, n.d.). Union and Communion (Ross-shire: Christian Focus, 1996). 1.2 CIM ARCHIVES (Held at THE SCHOOL FOR ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON and at OMF INTERNATIONAL (UK), BOROUGH GREEN, KENT, ENGLAND) JAMES HUDSON TAYLOR’S PAPERS: Section 1 1849 –1874 Boxes 1-3 Section 2 1853 Box 4 Section 3 1854-1856 Box 4 Section 4 1857-1865 Boxes 5 and 6 Section 5 1866-1870 Boxes 6-8 Section 6 1871-1882 Boxes 9 & 10 Section 7 1883-1886 Box 11 Section 8 1887-1890 Boxes 12 & 13 Section 9 1891-1898 Boxes 14 & 15 Section 10 1899-1905 Boxes 16 & 17 Section 11 General Papers Boxes 18-19 CHINA INLAND MISSION 1. LONDON COUNCIL Section 1-48 2. CIM CORPORATION Section 49-68 3. CHINA PAPERS Section 69-92 4. ASSOCIATE MISSIONS Section 93-96 5. PUBLICATIONS Section 97-433 Periodicals: CIM, Occasional Papers, London 1866-1867 CIM, Occasional Papers, London 1867-1868 CIM, Occasional Papers, London 1868-1869 CIM, Occasional Papers, London 1870-1875 CIM, China’s Millions, London 1875 – 1905 CIM Monthly Notes (Shanghai: CIM, 1908-1913) The China Mission Hand-Book (Shanghai: American Presbyterian Press, 1896). -
William Jardine (Merchant) from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
William Jardine (merchant) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other people with the same name see "William Jardine" (disambiguation) William Jardine (24 February 1784 – 27 February 1843) was a Scottish physician and merchant. He co-founded the Hong Kong conglomerate Jardine, Matheson and Company. From 1841 to 1843, he was Member of Parliament for Ashburton as a Whig. Educated in medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Jardine obtained a diploma from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1802. In the same year, he became a surgeon's mate aboard the Brunswick of the East India Company, bound for India. Captured by the French and shipwrecked in 1805, he was repatriated and returned to the East India Company's service as ship's surgeon. In May 1817, he left medicine for commerce.[1] Jardine was a resident in China from 1820 to 1839. His early success in Engraving by Thomas Goff Lupton Canton as a commercial agent for opium merchants in India led to his admission in 1825 as a partner of Magniac & Co., and by 1826 he was controlling that firm's Canton operations. James Matheson joined him shortly after, and Magniac & Co. was reconstituted as Jardine, Matheson & Co in 1832. After Imperial Commissioner Lin Zexu confiscated 20,000 cases of British-owned opium in 1839, Jardine arrived in London in September, and pressed Foreign Secretary Lord Palmerston for a forceful response.[1] Contents 1 Early life 2 Jardine, Matheson and Co. 3 Departure from China and breakdown of relations 4 War and the Chinese surrender Portrait by George Chinnery, 1820s 5 Death and legacy 6 Notes 7 See also 8 References 9 External links Early life Jardine, one of five children, was born in 1784 on a small farm near Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.[2] His father, Andrew Jardine, died when he was nine, leading the family in some economic difficulty. -
Lam Qua's Paintings, Peter Parker's Patients Rachman, Stephen
Memento Morbi: Lam Qua's Paintings, Peter Parker's Patients Rachman, Stephen. Literature and Medicine, Volume 23, Number 1, Spring 2004, pp. 134-159 (Article) Published by The Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: 10.1353/lm.2004.0009 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/lm/summary/v023/23.1rachman.html Access Provided by Freie Universitaet Berlin at 01/11/11 2:46PM GMT 134 MEMENTO MORBI: LAM QUA’S PAINTINGS, PETER PARKER’S PATIENTS Memento Morbi: Lam Qua’s Paintings, Peter Parker’s Patients Stephen Rachman I. A Face Withheld From the shadows of an undefined space, a room featureless in its darkness, a shrouded, semirecumbent figure reluctantly presents itself to the viewer (figure 1). The nineteenth-century Cantonese artist known to westerners as Lam Qua (Guan Qiaochang), who painted this portrait in the late 1830s, chose a restricted palette. It is a study in black, brown, and dull, mellow flesh tones. A dim source provides the bare minimum of light necessary to discern the flowing folds of the figure’s dark, unstructured garment and one or two bricks (or perhaps pillows) for support. This is a medical illustration, putatively made to aid in the understanding of the patient’s condition, portraying two arms (one horribly diseased, one normal) and an obstructed view of the patient’s face. The distinctive visual economy of Lam Qua’s composition invites the viewer to compare the arms, the normal and the pathologi- cal, but no other information, not even the sex of the patient, can be determined.1 The patient conceals his or her face with the good hand and arm, and the fingers splay from temple to temple across its features in a timeless gesture of grief and mortification. -
A Case Study of the Chinese Repository
Durham E-Theses Orientalism and Representations of China in the Early 19th Century: A Case Study of The Chinese Repository JIN, CHENG How to cite: JIN, CHENG (2019) Orientalism and Representations of China in the Early 19th Century: A Case Study of The Chinese Repository, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/13227/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 ORIENTALISM AND REPRESENTATIONS OF CHINA IN THE EARLY 19TH CENTURY: A CASE STUDY OF THE CHINESE REPOSITORY Cheng Jin St. Cuthbert’s Society School of Modern Languages and Cultures Durham University This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2019 March 2019 DECLARATION This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing, which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except where specifically indicated in the text. -
ABSTRACT Liang Fa's Quanshi Liangyan and Its Impact on The
ABSTRACT Liang Fa’s Quanshi liangyan and Its Impact on the Taiping Movement Sukjoo Kim, Ph.D. Mentor: Rosalie Beck, Ph.D. Scholars of the Taiping Movement have assumed that Liang Fa’s Quanshi liangyan 勸世良言 (Good Words to Admonish the Age, being Nine Miscellaneous Christian Tracts) greatly influenced Hong Xiuquan, but very little has been written on the role of Liang’s work. The main reason is that even though hundreds of copies were distributed in the early nineteenth century, only four survived the destruction which followed the failure of the Taiping Movement. This dissertation therefore explores the extent of the Christian influence of Liang’s nine tracts on Hong and the Taiping Movement. This study begins with an introduction to China in the nineteenth century and the early missions of western countries in China. The second chapter focuses on the life and work of Liang. His religious background was in Confucianism and Buddhism, but when he encountered Robert Morrison and William Milne, he identified with Christianity. The third chapter discusses the story of Hong especially examining Hong’s acquisition of Liang’s Quanshi liangyan and Hong’s revelatory dream, both of which serve as motives for the establishment of the Society of God Worshippers and the Taiping Movement. The fourth chapter develops Liang’s key ideas from his Quanshi liangyan and compares them with Hong’s beliefs, as found in official documents of the Taipings. The fifth chapter describes Hong’s beliefs and the actual practices of the Taiping Movement and compares them with Liang’s key ideas. -
The Presence of the Past
THE PRESENCE OF 15 THE PAST Imagination and Affect in the Museu do Oriente, Portugal Elsa Peralta In 1983 UNESCO designated the Monastery of the Hieronymites and the Tower of Belém in Lisbon as World Heritage Sites. According to UNESCO’s website, the monastery “exemplifies Portuguese art at its best” and the Tower of Belém “is a reminder of the great maritime discoveries that laid the foundations of the mod ern world.”1 Less than 10 years after the formal end of the Portuguese colonial empire, UNESCO made use of the exemplar of Portuguese art to reaffirm the long‐used interpretive framework through which Portuguese imperial history has been read both nationally and internationally: Portugal was the country of the “Discoveries,” not a colonial center. Widely disseminated through schools, public discourses, and propaganda since the end of the nineteenth century, this interpretation of Portugal’s imperial history is strongly embedded in the coun try’s material culture. The naming of streets, bridges, schools, theaters, and mon uments after “heroes,” sites, or themes of the Discoveries operates to establish a forceful intimacy with the past, which is materially embedded in the very experi ence of the space itself. In addition, the public displays, exhibitions, and museums that address the topic – with objects that are often treated as art or antiques – unfailingly exalt the material and visual properties of the objects that testify to Portugal’s imperial deeds. I argue that this focus on materiality, together with an aesthetic lauding of historical objects, has contributed greatly to the resilience of the established view of Portugal’s imperial and colonial past, and made it resistant to modes of representation other than the nostalgic mode of historical grandeur and civilizing legacy. -
The Tombstones of the English East India Company Cemetery in Macao: a Linguistic Analysis
O'Regan, J. P. (2009). The tombstones of the English East India Company cemetery in Macao: a linguistic analysis. Markers XXVI. Journal of the Association of Gravestone Studies. 88-119. THE TOMBSTONES OF THE ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY CEMETERY AT MACAO: A LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS JOHN P. O’REGAN1 It was Macao’s privilege to save their names from oblivion, and looking at these epitaphs you realize that “They, being dead, yet speak”. J. M. Braga (1940)1 Introduction In a quiet corner of the former Catholic Portuguese colony of Macao, China, away from the bustle and hum of the surrounding streets, there is to be found a small nineteenth century burial ground for Protestants – British and American in the main, but also including French, German, Danish, Dutch, Swedish and Armenian graves. The ground is entered via a narrow gate off the Praça Luis de Camões (Camoens Square), above which is a white tablet bearing the legend: ‘Protestant Church and Old Cemetery [East India Company 1814]’. The date is in fact erroneous, as the burial ground did not open until 1821, and the land was only purchased in the same year.2 Here beneath shaded canopies of bauhinia and frangipani lie 164 men, women and children each of whom died in the service of their nation in a foreign land, either as soldiers, merchants, sailors, medics, diplomats, civil servants, entrepreneurs, missionaries, wives, mothers or innocents. The maladies of which the cemetery’s residents died were numerous, and all too typical of life in the tropics. Their death certificates, and in some cases their gravestones, indicate malaria, cholera, typhus, dysentery, falls from aloft, drowning, death in battle, suicide and murder.