Howqua's Garden in Honam, China
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The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS -
National China Garden Foundation
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT AMONG THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER, THE NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION, AND THE NATIONAL CHINA GARDEN FOUNDATION REGARDING THE NATIONAL CHINA GARDEN AT THE U.S. NATIONAL ARBORETUM, WASHINGTON, D.C. This Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) is made as of this 18th day of November 2016, by and among the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the District of Columbia State Historic Preservation Officer (DCSHPO), the National Capital Planning Commission (NCPC), and the National China Garden Foundation (NCGF), (referred to collectively herein as the “Parties” or “Signatories” or individually as a “Party” or “Signatory”) pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), 16 U.S.C. §470f and its implementing regulations 36 CFR Part 800, and Section 110 of the NHPA, 16 U.S.C. § 470h-2. WHEREAS, the United States National Arboretum (USNA) is a research and education institution, public garden and living museum, whose mission is to enhance the economic, environmental, and aesthetic value of landscape plants through long-term, multidisciplinary research, conservation of genetic resources, and interpretative gardens and educational exhibits. Established in 1927, and opened to the public in 1959, the USNA is the only federally-funded arboretum in the United States and is open to the public free of charge; and, WHEREAS, the USNA, located at 3501 New York Avenue, NE, is owned by the United States government and under the administrative jurisdiction of the USDA’s ARS and occupies approximately 446 acres in Northeast Washington, DC and bound by Bladensburg Road on the west, New York Avenue on the north, and M Street on the south. -
Another World Lies Beyond Three Chinese Gardens in the US by Han Li
Another World Lies Beyond Three Chinese Gardens in the US By Han Li Moon door entrance to the Astor Court garden in New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art. Source: Wikimedia Commons at https://tinyurl.com/y6w8oggy, photo by Sailko. The Astor Court fter more than a decade in the making, a groundbreaking ceremo- Located in the north wing of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Astor ny took place for a grand classical Chinese garden in Washington, Court is the smallest yet arguably the most exquisite Chinese garden in DC, in October 2016. The US $100 million project, expected to be the US. The garden project was initiated for practical purposes. In 1976, Acompleted by the end of this decade, will transform a twelve-acre site at the Met purchased a set of Ming dynasty (1368–1644) furniture and con- the National Arboretum into the biggest overseas Chinese garden to date. templated a proper “Chinese” place to exhibit the new collection. This idea Interestingly, the report allures that the garden project is meant to implant of building a garden court was enthusiastically endorsed by Mrs. Brooke “a bold presence” of China near the US Capitol and “achieve for Sino-US Astor (1902–2007), a Metropolitan trustee and Astor Foundation chair- relations what the gift of the Tidal Basin’s cherry trees has done for Japa- person, who spent part of her childhood in Beijing due to her father’s nese-American links.”1 It is clear that such overseas Chinese gardens, in ad- naval posting. Thus, the genesis of the Astor Court project stems from dition to showcasing Chinese artistic and cultural expressions, also reflect the convergence of an institutional maneuvering and a sense of personal the particular social-historical circumstances under which they were con- nostalgia.2 The project was delegated to two Chinese architectural expert structed. -
Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century
Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wong, John. 2012. Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9282867 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – John D. Wong All rights reserved. Professor Michael Szonyi John D. Wong Global Positioning: Houqua and his China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century Abstract This study unearths the lost world of early-nineteenth-century Canton. Known today as Guangzhou, this Chinese city witnessed the economic dynamism of global commerce until the demise of the Canton System in 1842. Records of its commercial vitality and global interactions faded only because we have allowed our image of old Canton to be clouded by China’s weakness beginning in the mid-1800s. By reviving this story of economic vibrancy, I restore the historical contingency at the juncture at which global commercial equilibrium unraveled with the collapse of the Canton system, and reshape our understanding of China’s subsequent economic experience. I explore this story of the China trade that helped shape the modern world through the lens of a single prominent merchant house and its leading figure, Wu Bingjian, known to the West by his trading name of Houqua. -
DOMAIN of CHAUMONT-SUR-LOIRE Ans/Years INTERNATIONAL GARDEN FESTIVAL
DOMAIN OF CHAUMONT-SUR-LOIRE ans/years INTERNATIONAL GARDEN FESTIVAL 2016 2 1 APRIL 02 NOVEMBER GARDENS FROM THE COMING CENTURY WWW.DOMAINE-CHAUMONT.FR T. +33 (0) 254 209 922 FLAMIA Création DOMAIN OF CHAUMONT-SUR-LOIRE CENTRE OF ARTS AND NATURE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GARDEN FESTIVAL CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Page 3 I. 2016 EDITION - "GARDENS FROM THE COMING CENTURY" Page 5 II. THE "CARTES VERTES" Page 7 Jean-Claude Ellena - "le jardin du parfumeur" Mathieu Lehanneur - "le jardin du designer" Beijing’s Chinese Garden Museum "le jardin anglais" The tropical greenhouse metamorphosis III. THE 2016 JURY Page 15 Maryvonne Pinault Members of the 2016 Jury IV. THE FESTIVAL GARDENS Page 19 V. THE PERMANENT GARDENS Page 43 VI. THE DOMAIN OF CHAUMONT-SUR-LOIRE Page 47 1. A multifaceted mission 2. A range of objectives 3. The Domaine’s leading actors 4. Diary for 2016 VII. UNWAVERING COMMITMENT TO RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT Page 55 VIII. PARTNERS / CERTIFICATIONS AND NETWORKS Page 59 IX. USEFUL INFORMATION Page 67 X. SELECTION OF VISUALS AVAILABLE FOR THE PRESS Page 71 www.domaine-chaumont.fr 1 DOMAIN OF CHAUMONT-SUR-LOIRE CENTRE OF ARTS AND NATURE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GARDEN FESTIVAL INTRODUCTION Every year, more than 400,000 visitors flock to Domaine de Chaumont-sur-Loire, which has hosted the International Garden Festival since 1992. It will therefore be celebrating its 25th anniversary in 2016! This event paints a panoramic picture of landscape design from around the world every year. Over 25 seasons, more than 700 gardens have been designed in the Festival grounds – all prototypes of the gardens of tomorrow, for the Festival, as a trendsetter, treasure trove of ideas and breeding ground for talent, breathes fresh life into these "living works of art" that gardens represent, by constantly showcasing new plants, new materials, original approaches and innovative concepts. -
A Dimensional Comparison Between Classical Chinese Gardens And
Yiwen Xu, Jon Bryan Burley, WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on ENVIRONMENT and DEVELOPMENT Patricia Machemer, April Allen A Dimensional Comparison between Classical Chinese Gardens and Modern Chinese Gardens YIWEN XU, JON BRYAN BURLEY, PATRICIA MACHEMER, AND APRIL ALLEN School of Planning, Design and Construction Michigan State University 552 West Circle Drive, 302 B Human Ecology Building, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA [email protected] http:/www.msu.edu/%7Eburleyj/ Abstract: Garden designers and scholars are interested in metrics that define the differences and similarities between traditional design and modern designs. This investigation examines the similarities and differences of classical Chinese gardens and modern Chinese gardens. The comparison is accomplished by ordinating the design elements and basic normative planning and design principles for each garden. Three classical Chinese gardens in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China and five modern gardens in Xiamen, Fujian, China were selected for study. A mathematical method called Principal Component Analysis (PCS) was applied in this research. The objective of this method is to define the dimensions that characterize the gardens and plot these gardens along the dimensions/gradients. Seventy-five variables were selected from a literature review, site visits, and site photos. According to the results of the PCA, there are potentially seven meaningful dimensions suitable for analysis, which explain 100% of the variance. This research focused on studying the first three principal components, explaining 81.54% of the variance. The first two principal components reveal a clear pattern between the two sets of environments. The results indicate that the first principal component can be a way to identify the difference between classical Chinese gardens and modern Chinese gardens. -
White Paper Report
White Paper Report Report ID: 111862 Application Number: HD-51828-14 Project Director: Patrick Manning ([email protected]) Institution: University of Pittsburgh Reporting Period: 7/1/2014-6/30/2015 Report Due: 9/30/2015 Date Submitted: 11/10/2015 “World-Historical Gazetteer” Report type: White Paper Grant Number: HD-51828-14 Title of Project: World Historical Gazetteer Name of Project Directors: Patrick Manning (Pitt) and Ruth Mostern (UC- Merced), Co-PIs Name of grantee institution: University of Pittsburgh Abstract: The project for a World-Historical Gazetteer is a cross-disciplinary collaboration of researchers and developers from various academic and professional institutions that are working towards creating a comprehensive, online gazetteer of world-historical places for the period after 1500 CE. This paper describes the main objectives of the project, outlines several different work plans, and reports on developments from the World-Historical Gazetteer Workshop that took place in September of 2014. During the workshop, participants worked to establish a criteria and standards for a world-historical gazetteer and reported on currently available gazetteer resources. A consensus arose among participants to begin the work of developing a “spine” gazetteer, based on a world-historical atlas, which is to be linked to other gazetteer resources. While the initial development work on the spine has already commenced, additional activities will continue through December of 2015. The product of the start-up project is displayed on the CHIA -
William Jardine (Merchant) from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
William Jardine (merchant) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other people with the same name see "William Jardine" (disambiguation) William Jardine (24 February 1784 – 27 February 1843) was a Scottish physician and merchant. He co-founded the Hong Kong conglomerate Jardine, Matheson and Company. From 1841 to 1843, he was Member of Parliament for Ashburton as a Whig. Educated in medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Jardine obtained a diploma from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1802. In the same year, he became a surgeon's mate aboard the Brunswick of the East India Company, bound for India. Captured by the French and shipwrecked in 1805, he was repatriated and returned to the East India Company's service as ship's surgeon. In May 1817, he left medicine for commerce.[1] Jardine was a resident in China from 1820 to 1839. His early success in Engraving by Thomas Goff Lupton Canton as a commercial agent for opium merchants in India led to his admission in 1825 as a partner of Magniac & Co., and by 1826 he was controlling that firm's Canton operations. James Matheson joined him shortly after, and Magniac & Co. was reconstituted as Jardine, Matheson & Co in 1832. After Imperial Commissioner Lin Zexu confiscated 20,000 cases of British-owned opium in 1839, Jardine arrived in London in September, and pressed Foreign Secretary Lord Palmerston for a forceful response.[1] Contents 1 Early life 2 Jardine, Matheson and Co. 3 Departure from China and breakdown of relations 4 War and the Chinese surrender Portrait by George Chinnery, 1820s 5 Death and legacy 6 Notes 7 See also 8 References 9 External links Early life Jardine, one of five children, was born in 1784 on a small farm near Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.[2] His father, Andrew Jardine, died when he was nine, leading the family in some economic difficulty. -
Serenity Pervades a Chinese Garden of the Ming Dynasty, for This Is a Place of Retreat from the Doings of Humankind
Serenity pervades a Chinese garden of the Ming dynasty, for this is a place of retreat from the doings of humankind. It is where the functionary of the kingdom could indulge his "longing for mountains and water" without turning his back on his unrelenting obligations to state and family. Yet serenity is only the first of infinite layers that reveal themselves. The object of the garden is to capture all the elements of the natural landscape--mountains, rivers, lakes, trees, valleys, hills--and, by bringing them together in a small space, to concentrate the life force, the qi, that animates them. It is a harmony of contrasts, of dark and light, solid and empty, hard and soft, straight and undulating, yin and yang. This place was created to be savoured ever a lifetime. New meanings would be found in the symbolic objects and plants, new pictures seen as shadows placed across the rocks. The garden unfolded itself slowly. In this site, the Garden comes to life. The Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver, British Columbia is the only full-sized classical Chinese garden outside China and though it was built in the 1980s, it employed the ancient techniques of the originals. For the architect, the botanist, the student of history, the lover of beauty, this site provides insights into the subtle wonders to be found within the walls of this living treasure. A Walk Through the Garden The Garden's Layers of Meaning Originally designed by Taoist poets, classical gardens were meant to create an atmosphere of tranquility for contemplation and inspiration. -
'Where We Would Extend the Moral
‘WHERE WE WOULD EXTEND THE MORAL POWER OF OUR CIVILIZATION’: AMERICAN CULTURAL AND POLITICAL FOREIGN RELATIONS WITH CHINA, 1843-1856 A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Mathew T. Brundage December 2015 © Copyright All rights reserved Except for previously published materials Dissertation written by Mathew T. Brundage B.A., Capital University, 2005 M.A., Kent State University, 2007 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2015 Approved by ________________________________ Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Mary Ann Heiss, Ph.D. ________________________________ Kevin Adams, Ph.D. ________________________________ Gang Zhao, Ph.D. ________________________________ James Tyner, Ph.D. Accepted by ________________________________ Chair, Department of History Kenneth Bindas, Ph.D. ________________________________ Dean, College of Arts and Sciences James L. Blank, Ph.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………….. iii LIST OF FIGURES………………………………………………………... iv PREFACE ………………………………………………………………... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………….. vii INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………… 1 CHAPTERS I. Chapter 1: China as Mystery ……………………………… 30 II. Chapter 2: China as Opportunity ..………………………… 84 III. Chapter 3: China as a Flawed Empire………………………146 IV. Chapter 4: China as a Threat ………………………………. 217 V. Chapter 5: Redefining “Success” in the Sino-American Relationship ……………………………………………….. 274 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………….. 317 APPENDIX………………………………………………………………… 323 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………. -
The Presence of the Past
THE PRESENCE OF 15 THE PAST Imagination and Affect in the Museu do Oriente, Portugal Elsa Peralta In 1983 UNESCO designated the Monastery of the Hieronymites and the Tower of Belém in Lisbon as World Heritage Sites. According to UNESCO’s website, the monastery “exemplifies Portuguese art at its best” and the Tower of Belém “is a reminder of the great maritime discoveries that laid the foundations of the mod ern world.”1 Less than 10 years after the formal end of the Portuguese colonial empire, UNESCO made use of the exemplar of Portuguese art to reaffirm the long‐used interpretive framework through which Portuguese imperial history has been read both nationally and internationally: Portugal was the country of the “Discoveries,” not a colonial center. Widely disseminated through schools, public discourses, and propaganda since the end of the nineteenth century, this interpretation of Portugal’s imperial history is strongly embedded in the coun try’s material culture. The naming of streets, bridges, schools, theaters, and mon uments after “heroes,” sites, or themes of the Discoveries operates to establish a forceful intimacy with the past, which is materially embedded in the very experi ence of the space itself. In addition, the public displays, exhibitions, and museums that address the topic – with objects that are often treated as art or antiques – unfailingly exalt the material and visual properties of the objects that testify to Portugal’s imperial deeds. I argue that this focus on materiality, together with an aesthetic lauding of historical objects, has contributed greatly to the resilience of the established view of Portugal’s imperial and colonial past, and made it resistant to modes of representation other than the nostalgic mode of historical grandeur and civilizing legacy. -
ROBERT FORTUNE: Studies of Society and Environ- SECRET AGENT Ment (SOSE), English, English As a Second Language (ESL), BIOGRAPHY Politics, Media Studies and Economics
ISSUE 29 AUSTRALIAN SCREEN EDUCATION STUDY 1 h GUIDE CAROLINE WRIGHT-NEVILLE CAROLINE 6. The Medicinal Properties of Tea 7. Food and Festivals BEFORE YOU WATCH Discuss these general questions: • What do you think of when you drink tea from china cups? • How do you and your friends make a cup of tea? • Make a list of Australian native plants and non-native plants you have in your garden. • How did the non-native plants get to Australia? CURRICULUM LINKS • What images do you associate with Coca Cola and Microsoft? Why? OBERT FORTUNE THE • Compare some of the plots of James TEA THIEF is relevant Bond fi lms. How real are his mis- Rfor students in senior sions? secondary or adult educa- tion courses studying History, ROBERT FORTUNE: Studies Of Society and Environ- SECRET AGENT ment (SOSE), English, English as a Second Language (ESL), BIOGRAPHY Politics, Media Studies and Economics. Robert Fortune was born in Scotland in 1813 and is famous for being the This guide is divided into the follow- horticulturalist responsible for the in- ing areas: troduction of about 200 new species of plants into England. He was an avid 1. Robert Fortune: Biography explorer and adventurer who travelled 2. The East India Company around Asia and India collecting seed- 3. The Opium Wars lings and keeping detailed records of 4. The Signifi cance of Tea everything he saw. He was also one 5. Movement for the Protecttion of the of Britain’s most successful secret Right To Taste. AUSTRALIAN SCREEN EDUCATION ISSUE 29 2 agents. In 1848, the British govern- Make a list of some of the plants he ment commissioned him to bring might have found in China that are now back from China the best tea seeds, growing in your garden.