DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting EFFECT OF SOIL APPLIED POTASSIUM SILICATE ON PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) PLANT GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, YIELDS, PHYSIOLOGY AND, POSTHARVEST FRUIT QUALITY By OCTAVIO A. MENOCAL BARBERENA A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2014 1 © 2014 Octavio A. Menocal Barberena 2 Blessed is the man who finds wisdom, the man who gains understanding (Proverbs 3:13). The man could not step in the same rivers twice, for other waters are ever flowing on (Heraclitus of Ephesus). God our Lord planted many fruit trees in the ‘Garden of Eden’, took man and put him to work and take care of it, and man with all his forces has done it for making a better world (Genesis 2:10-11). God has given to man the most powerful gift: “Hope”. With hope, man work and do research on the land of God and produce the best fruits to feed mankind. Octavio A. Menocal [adapted from Hope International: ‘Hope’ This dissertation is dedicated with all my heart to my lovely wife Norma del Socorro Sandoval-Balladares and our two wonderful children Octavio Augusto and Norman Francisco. My wife always trusted my decisions, supported everything I wanted to do and has inspired me every single day I have spent at the University of Florida in Gainesville and Homestead. In addition, I would like to acknowledge my children’s support whom endured many sacrifices and who have provided me and their mother their continuous love and encouragement during my Ph.D. graduate program. This is also dedicated to my mother Nelcys Barberena-Valladares with all my love for her brave and unwavering support during this difficult time of her life. Last but not least, to Dr. William (Bill) Castle for his teachings and having trained me as a professional. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I would like to thank Almighty God for guiding me and helping, leading, and protecting me and my family. Thank God for his blessings and for everything he did for my family. I would like to thank and express my deep appreciation to my entire committee: Dr. Jonathan H. Crane, Dr. Jeffrey K. Brecht, Dr. Bruce A. Schaffer, Dr. Yuncong Li and Dr. Kati W. Migliaccio for their advice. I want to give very special thanks to my major professor Dr. Jonathan H. Crane for his guidance and support. He also provided me with excellent technical and academic advice. Dr. Crane not only believed in me, but also spent many hours, and much energy and effort, trying to give me the best while showing his true respect, concern, and friendship toward me. I express my deepest gratitude to Dr. Jeffrey K. Brecht for his willingness to participate on my supervisory committee. Dr. Brecht believed in me and encouraged me to develop my research, and provided me his critical advice. He also provided me his friendship, guidance, support, confidence, and illuminated my way during my economical struggles. I also express my gratitude to Dr. Bruce A. Schaffer for his advice and invaluable knowledge and motivation during the process of my statistical analyses. I also thank Dr. Yuncong Li for his friendship, support and his invaluable and critical inputs. I also want to thank Dr. Migliaccio for her advice and guidance in the establishment of and functioning of the irrigation system utilized in my field work. Special thanks to Dr. Wanda Montas for her unconditional support and cooperation during the time I conducted my field research at the Tropical Research and Education Center (TREC-UF), in Homestead, FL. I also want to thank Ms. Ana Vargas for her support and friendship. Special thanks to TREC’s field crew for their work during the time I was conducting my field research. 4 I would also like to thank the Everglades Soil Testing Laboratory, Soil and Water Science Department at the Everglades Research and Education Center of the University of Florida (UF- EREC), Belle Glade, under the direction of Dr. Alan Wright, particularly Dr. Yigang Luo for the arduous and tremendous work he did by analyzing my soil and papaya tissue samples. I am indebted to Ms. María I. Cruz and Ms. Ana Zometa for their support since the beginning of my educational journey, for their friendship, guidance and encouragement during the time I was a student at the University of Florida. I want to express my deepest gratitude for their help and confidence. Special thanks to my very old friend Eng. MSc. Jaime A. Cuadra- Miranda and his wife Ms. Ena for their support, confidence, and friendship. I also want to thank Eng. Armando Bendaña-López and Dr. Leonardo Green for their support and friendship. I also give thanks to my friends: Ms. Adrian Berry and Ms. Kim Cordasco, Walter and Elena (Peruvian), Pavlos, Alexandra and Angelos (Greeks), Xheng-Ke Zhang and Yinyan Guo (Rep. of China), for their friendship at the beginning of my doctoral studies. Thanks to my classmates and very good friends Francisco Loayza (Perú) and Darío Chávez (Ecuador). Thanks to my friends, mentors and excellent professors Eng. Eddy Castellón-Sanabria, Dr. José Ramón Peralta-Videa, Eng. MSc. Miguel López-Guadamuz, Eng. MSc. Aleyda Juárez-Moya, Eng. MSc. Agustín Castillo-Gómez and Eng. MSc. Gerardo Medrano-Morales who believed in me and encouraged me to pursue my doctoral degree, and to my professors Eng. MSc. Ernesto Terán- Hernández and Eng. MSc. Silvio Echaverry-Briceño, In Memoriam (R.I.P). Thanks to my Nicaraguan friends and colleagues: Henner Obregón-Olivas, Dr. Elide Valencia, Carlos and Marthelena Guerrero-Manfut, Rosa Inés Carrillo, Leonardo Omar and Frida Aguilar-Weiss, Marco Pacheco Gómez, William and Adela Chamorro, Nestor and Jaime Bonilla, Matilde Somarriba-Chang, María Lourdes Espinosa, Joel Reyes, Carmen Gutiérrez, Jellin Pavón, 5 Ms. Eva Webster, Martín Mena, José Filipone and Ms. Emilia Sandoval, Eddy and Ms. Martina Thomas, Mario Torres-Molina and Ms. Nidia Gutiérrez-Chamorro for their friendship. Thanks to my family, for all their love and patience, especially to my mother Nelcys Barberena-Valladares and my sister Nelcys Alicia who supported me throughout my graduate studies. Thanks to my sisters Nelcys Evaclemencia and Nelcys René because they cared for my family while I was away. Thanks to my brother Octavio Anastacio because he was the medical doctor for my family and my younger brother Marcos Antonio for his support. To my parents-in-law, my deepest appreciation for taking care of my wife and my kids during the time I was away from home. Special gratitude to my mother-in-law, Ms. Nereyda Sandoval for her support, help, and love for my family. Her love was invaluable and I am in deepest debt to you, as to my father-in-law Mr. Francisco (‘Pancho’) Sandoval. Thanks to my brothers and sisters-in-law Ernesto Espinoza, Julio Delgado, Mario Alvarenga, Ileana Cordero, Marlon-, Victor-, Allan-, Marisol-, and Yessenia Sandoval-Balladares for their support. My highest gratitude is reserved for my wife, Norma del Socorro Sandoval-Balladares, for her support, help, patience, and deepest love which allowed me to complete my doctoral studies. Although, she could not be with me in the U.S. she stood by me and her unconditional support and love throughout my graduate studies at the University of Florida was tremendously valuable for me because without her, I would not be what I am. Thus, all my love goes to my lovely wife because she is everything to me as well as my children Octavio Augusto and Norman Francisco, who are the reasons for my life. Norma, with all my heart I will always love you. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4 LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................................................11 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................18 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................19 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................21 Assumptions ...........................................................................................................................26 Objectives ...............................................................................................................................26 General ............................................................................................................................26 Specific ............................................................................................................................26 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................................27 General Description ................................................................................................................27 Factors Affecting Papaya Production .....................................................................................30 Environmental Conditions ...............................................................................................32 Drought .....................................................................................................................32 Flooding ...................................................................................................................32
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Systematics of Chusquea Section Chusquea, Section Swallenochloa, Section Verticillatae, and Section Serpentes (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) Lynn G
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1986 Systematics of Chusquea section Chusquea, section Swallenochloa, section Verticillatae, and section Serpentes (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) Lynn G. Clark Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Clark, Lynn G., "Systematics of Chusquea section Chusquea, section Swallenochloa, section Verticillatae, and section Serpentes (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) " (1986). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 7988. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/7988 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a manuscript sent to us for publication and microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to pho­ tograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pages in any manuscript may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. The following explanation of techniques Is provided to help clarify notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. Manuscripts may not always be complete. When it is not possible to obtain missing jiages, a note appears to indicate this. 2. When copyrighted materials are removed from the manuscript, a note ap­ pears to indicate this. 3.
    [Show full text]
  • American Bamboo Society
    $5.00 AMERICAN BAMBOO SOCIETY Bamboo Species Source List No. 34 Spring 2014 This is the thirty-fourth year that the American Bamboo Several existing cultivar names are not fully in accord with Society (ABS) has compiled a Source List of bamboo plants requirements for naming cultivars. In the interests of and products. The List includes more than 510 kinds nomenclature stability, conflicts such as these are overlooked (species, subspecies, varieties, and cultivars) of bamboo to allow continued use of familiar names rather than the available in the US and Canada, and many bamboo-related creation of new ones. The Source List editors reserve the products. right to continue recognizing widely used names that may not be fully in accord with the International Code of The ABS produces the Source List as a public service. It is Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and to published on the ABS website: www.Bamboo.org . Copies are recognize identical cultivar names in different species of the sent to all ABS members and can also be ordered from ABS same genus as long as the species is stated. for $5.00 postpaid. Some ABS chapters and listed vendors also sell the Source List. Please see page 3 for ordering Many new bamboo cultivars still require naming, description, information and pages 50 and following for more information and formal publication. Growers with new cultivars should about the American Bamboo Society, its chapters, and consider publishing articles in the ABS magazine, membership application. “Bamboo.” Among other requirements, keep in mind that new cultivars must satisfy three criteria: distinctiveness, The vendor sources for plants, products, and services are uniformity, and stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape
    Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape Ornamental grasses with their variety of form, may seem similar, grasses vary greatly, ranging from cool color, texture, and size add diversity and dimension to season to warm season grasses, from woody to herbaceous, a landscape. Not many other groups of plants can boast and from annuals to long-lived perennials. attractiveness during practically all seasons. The only time This variation has resulted in five recognized they could be considered not to contribute to the beauty of subfamilies within Poaceae. They are Arundinoideae, the landscape is the few weeks in the early spring between a unique mix of woody and herbaceous grass species; cutting back the old growth of the warm-season grasses Bambusoideae, the bamboos; Chloridoideae, warm- until the sprouting of new growth. From their emergence season herbaceous grasses; Panicoideae, also warm-season in the spring through winter, warm-season ornamental herbaceous grasses; and Pooideae, a cool-season subfamily. grasses add drama, grace, and motion to the landscape Their habitats also vary. Grasses are found across the unlike any other plants. globe, including in Antarctica. They have a strong presence One of the unique and desirable contributions in prairies, like those in the Great Plains, and savannas, like ornamental grasses make to the landscape is their sound. those in southern Africa. It is important to recognize these Anyone who has ever been in a pine forest on a windy day natural characteristics when using grasses for ornament, is aware of the ethereal music of wind against pine foliage. since they determine adaptability and management within The effect varies with the strength of the wind and the a landscape or region, as well as invasive potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Phytoliths for Mitigating Water Stress in Durum Wheat
    Effect of phytoliths for mitigating water stress in durum wheat Jean-Dominique Meunier, Doris Barboni, Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq, Clement Levard, Perrine Chaurand, Vladimir Vidal, O. Grauby, Roland Huc, Isabelle Laffont-Schwob, Jacques Rabier, et al. To cite this version: Jean-Dominique Meunier, Doris Barboni, Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq, Clement Levard, Perrine Chau- rand, et al.. Effect of phytoliths for mitigating water stress in durum wheat. New Phytologist, Wiley, 2017, 215 (1), pp.229-239. 10.1111/nph.14554. hal-01792878 HAL Id: hal-01792878 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01792878 Submitted on 15 May 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Research Effect of phytoliths for mitigating water stress in durum wheat Jean Dominique Meunier1, Doris Barboni1, Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq2,Clement Levard1, Perrine Chaurand1, Vladimir Vidal1, Olivier Grauby3, Roland Huc4, Isabelle Laffont-Schwob5, Jacques Rabier5 and Catherine Keller1 1CNRS, IRD, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix Marseille Universite, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, France; 2Institute of Soil
    [Show full text]
  • The Investigation of Silicon Localization and Accumulation in Citrus
    plants Article The Investigation of Silicon Localization and Accumulation in Citrus Mireille Asanzi Mvondo-She and Diana Marais Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 April 2019; Accepted: 11 June 2019; Published: 1 July 2019 Abstract: Several studies have demonstrated Si absorption in monocotyledon and dicotyledon species. Regarding Si accumulation, studies in monocotyledons have identified Si deposition around the cell wall, cuticle layer bulliform cells, silica cells and endodermal cells. In previous studies with different citrus species there were evidence of Si accumulation, however no information on Si 1 deposition can be found. Therefore, in this study, Si was applied (0 and 1000 mg L− ) to the roots of two citrus species, ‘Delta’ Valencia (Citrus sinensis) and ‘Nules’ Clementine (Citrus reticulata). Si accumulation were investigated in new, and old leaves and roots. Si deposition was investigated through scanning electron microscopy using energy dispersive analysis X-ray, environmental scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Si accumulation was significantly higher in Si treated leaves comparatively to the control in both young and mature leaves. Meanwhile, Si accumulation increased with leaf age. Additionally, Si accumulation was significantly higher in roots than in leaves. With respect to Si deposition, granules were identified in the epidermal cells through SEM and ESEM studies. The light microscopy identified the presence of Si granules in the surface and around the outer cell surface forming the cuticle-silica double layer of the lower epidermis in Si treated plants. Silica deposit were not found on the abaxial leaf surface.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Silicon on Viral Diseases in Plants
    A Dissertation Entitled Stress Induced Silicon Accumulation in the Inducible Accumulator Nicotiana tabacum by Wendy L. Zellner Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy degree in Biology ____________________________ Dr. Scott M. Leisner Committee Chair ____________________________ Dr. Patricia R. Komuniecki, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo August 2012 Copyright © 2012, Wendy Louise Zellner This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Stress Induced Silicon Accumulation in the Inducible Accumulator Nicotiana tabacum by Wendy L. Zellner Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy degree in Biology The University of Toledo August 2012 While Silicon (Si) is not a panacea for stress resistance in plants, the element has a number of beneficial effects against both abiotic and biotic stress. Most research to date has been inundated with salt, cold, and fungal resistance induced by Si in high accumulators, with little work performed on viral infections and low accumulators. The low accumulator, N. tabacum infected with Tobacco ringspot virus and supplemented with Si showed a reduction in viral systemic symptoms and a increase in foliar Si levels compared to controls. Si supplementation did not influence the systemic symptoms induced by the unrelated pathogen, Tobacco mosaic virus, nor did infections influence foliar Si levels. Si accumulation in the TRSV-N. tabacum pathosystem was quite variable, so to study stress induced Si accumulation (SISA), a more consistent system was developed.
    [Show full text]
  • Bamboo Species Source List No. 35 Spring 2015
    $5.00 AMERICAN BAMBOO SOCIETY Bamboo Species Source List No. 35 Spring 2015 This is the thirty-fifth year that the American Bamboo Several existing cultivar names are not fully in accord with Society (ABS) has compiled a Source List of bamboo plants requirements for naming cultivars. In the interests of and products. The List includes more than 510 kinds nomenclature stability, conflicts such as these are overlooked (species, subspecies, varieties, and cultivars) of bamboo to allow continued use of familiar names rather than the available in the US and Canada, and many bamboo-related creation of new ones. The Source List editors reserve the products. right to continue recognizing widely used names that may not be fully in accord with the International Code of The ABS produces the Source List as a public service. It is Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and to published on the ABS website: www.Bamboo.org . Copies are recognize identical cultivar names in different species of the sent to all ABS members and can also be ordered from ABS same genus as long as the species is stated. for $5.00 postpaid. Some ABS chapters and listed vendors also sell the Source List. Please see page 3 for ordering Many new bamboo cultivars still require naming, description, information and pages 54 and following for more information and formal publication. Growers with new cultivars should about the American Bamboo Society, its chapters, and consider publishing articles in the ABS magazine, membership application. “Bamboo.” Among other requirements, keep in mind that new cultivars must satisfy three criteria: distinctiveness, The vendor sources for plants, products, and services are uniformity, and stability.
    [Show full text]
  • Female and Male Fitness Consequences of Clonal Growth in A
    Annals of Botany 114: 1035–1041, 2014 doi:10.1093/aob/mcu176, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Female and male fitness consequences of clonal growth in a dwarf bamboo population with a high degree of clonal intermingling Ayumi Matsuo1,2,*, Hiroshi Tomimatsu3, Jun-Ichirou Suzuki4, Tomoyuki Saitoh5, Shozo Shibata6, Akifumi Makita2 and Yoshihisa Suyama1 1Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711, Japan, 2Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 010-0195, Japan, 3Department of Biology, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan, 4Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, 5Tohoku Research Center, Forestryand Forest Products Research Institute, Morioka 020-0123, Japan and 6Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 19 February 2014 Returned for revision: 25 April 2014 Accepted: 8 July 2014 Published electronically: 15 September 2014 Downloaded from † Background and Aims Although many studies have reported that clonal growth interferes with sexual reproduc- tion as a result of geitonogamous self-pollination and inbreeding depression, the mating costs of clonal growth are expected to be reduced when genets are spatially intermingled with others. This study examined how clonal growth affects both female and male reproductive success by studying a population of a mass-flowering plant, Sasa veitchii var. hirsuta, with a high degree of clonal intermingling. http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/ † Methods In a 10 × 10 m plot, genets were discriminated based on the multilocus genotypes of 11 nuclear micro- satellite loci.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Relations of Chusquea Ramosissima and Merostachys Claussenii in Iguazu National Park, Argentina1
    Water Relations of Chusquea ramosissima and Merostachys claussenii in Iguazu National Park, Argentina1 Sonali Saha2*, Noel M. Holbrook, Lı´a Montti3, Guillermo Goldstein3, and Gina Knust Cardinot The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02130 (S.S.); Biological Laboratories, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 (N.M.H.); Laboratorio de Ecologı´a Funcional, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas y Te´cnicas, Departamento de Ecologı´aGene´tica y Evolucio´n, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina (L.M., G.G.); and Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazoˆnia, Canarana MT 78640–000, Brazil (G.K.C.) Bamboos are prominent components of many tropical ecosystems, yet little is known about the physiological mechanisms utilized by these gigantic forest grasses. Here, we present data on the water transport properties of Chusquea ramosissima and Merostachys claussenii, monocarpic bamboo grasses native to the subtropical Atlantic forests of Argentina. C. ramosissima and M. claussenii differed in their growth form and exhibited contrasting strategies of water transport. Maximum xylem hydraulic conductivity of C. ramosissima culms was 2-fold higher than that of M. claussenii. C. ramosissima cavitated at relatively high water potentials (50% loss of conductivity at $1 MPa), whereas M. claussenii was more drought tolerant (50% loss at #3 MPa). Both species exhibited significant loss of hydraulic conductivity during the day, which was reversed overnight due to the generation of root pressure. The photosynthetic capacities of both bamboo species, estimated based on electron transport rates, were moderate, reflecting both the large amount of leaf area supported by culms and diurnal loss of hydraulic conductivity due to cavitation.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Interaction Between History of Usage and Plant Invasions
    Assessing the interaction between history of usage and plant invasions: Bamboo as a case study Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Science at Stellenbosch University By Susan Canavan Supervisor: Prof. John R. Wilson Co-supervisor: Prof. David M. Richardson Co-supervisor: Prof. Johannes J. Le Roux December 2018 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights, and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. This dissertation includes three articles published with me as lead author, and one article submitted and under review, one paper published as a conference proceeding, and one paper yet to be submitted for publication. The development and writing of the papers (published and unpublished) were the principal responsibility of myself. At the start of each chapter, a declaration is included indicating the nature and extent of any contributions by co-authors. During my PhD studies I have also co-authored three other journal papers, have one article in review, and published one popular science article; these are not included in the dissertation . Susan Canavan ___________________________ December 2018 Copyright © 2018 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract Studies in invasion science often focus on the biological or environmental implications of invasive alien species.
    [Show full text]
  • A 250 Plastome Phylogeny of the Grass Family (Poaceae): Topological Support Under Different Data Partitions
    A 250 plastome phylogeny of the grass family (Poaceae): topological support under different data partitions Jeffery M. Saarela1, Sean V. Burke2, William P. Wysocki3, Matthew D. Barrett4,5, Lynn G. Clark6, Joseph M. Craine7, Paul M. Peterson8, Robert J. Soreng8, Maria S. Vorontsova9 and Melvin R. Duvall2 1 Beaty Centre for Species Discovery and Botany Section, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON, Canada 2 Plant Molecular and Bioinformatics Center, Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA 3 Center for Data Intensive Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 4 Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Kings Park and Botanic Garden, West Perth, WA, Australia 5 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia 6 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA 7 Jonah Ventures, Manhattan, KS, USA 8 Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA 9 Comparative Plant & Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK ABSTRACT The systematics of grasses has advanced through applications of plastome phylogenomics, although studies have been largely limited to subfamilies or other subgroups of Poaceae. Here we present a plastome phylogenomic analysis of 250 complete plastomes (179 genera) sampled from 44 of the 52 tribes of Poaceae. Plastome sequences were determined from high throughput sequencing libraries Submitted 8 August 2017 and the assemblies represent over 28.7 Mbases of sequence data. Phylogenetic signal Accepted 8 January 2018 Published 2 February 2018 was characterized in 14 partitions, including (1) complete plastomes; (2) protein coding regions; (3) noncoding regions; and (4) three loci commonly used in single Corresponding authors Jeffery M.
    [Show full text]
  • Growing Bamboo in Georgia
    Growing Bamboo in Georgia David Linvill, Chatham County Extension Agent P.O. Box 9866 Savannah, GA 31412 (912) 652-7981, [email protected] Frank Linton 2308 Shaw Avenue Garden City, GA 31408 Michael Hotchkiss 311 W. Main Street Marshallville, GA 31057 (478) 952-4075 [email protected] man can sit in a bamboo house under a bamboo roof, on a bamboo chair at a bamboo table, with a bamboo hat on his head and bamboo sandals on his feet. He can at the same time hold in one hand a bamboo bowl, in the other Ahand bamboo chopsticks and eat bamboo sprouts. When through with his meal, which has been cooked over a bamboo fire, the table may be washed wtih a bamboo cloth, and he can fan himself with a bamboo fan, take a siesta on a bamboo bed, lying on a bamboo mat with his head resting on a bamboo pillow. His child might be lying in a bamboo cradle, playing with a bamboo toy. On rising he would smoke a bamboo pipe and taking a bamboo pen, write on bamboo paper, or arry his articles in bamboo baksets suspended from a bamboo pole, with a bamboo umbrella over his head. He might then take a walk over a bamboo suspension bridge, drink water from a bamboo ladle, and scrape himself with a bamboos scraper (handkerchief). Quoted from A Yankee on the Yangtze. William Edgar Geil. London: Hodder and Stoughton. 1904. In Yang- tze Patrol. Kemp Tolley. Annapolis: U.S. Naval Institute Press. 1971. Page 268.
    [Show full text]