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(Susurluk Havzasi)'Nin Balik Faunasinin Be

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(Susurluk Havzasi)'Nin Balik Faunasinin Be T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ SİMAV ÇAYI (SUSURLUK HAVZASI)’NIN BALIK FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ Elif ÖZTÜRK Danışman Prof. Dr. Fahrettin KÜÇÜK YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ TEMEL BİLİMLERİ ANABİLİM DALI ISPARTA-2016 ©2016 [Elif ÖZTÜRK] ii TEZ ONAYI Elif ÖZTÜRK tarafından hazırlanan " Simav Çayı (Susurluk Havzası)’nın Balık Faunasının Belirlenmesi" adlı tez çalıĢması aĢağıdaki jüri üyeleri önünde Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Su Ürünleri Temel Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı‟nda YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ olarak baĢarı ile savunulmuĢtur. Danışman Prof. Dr. Fahrettin KÜÇÜK ................................. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Jüri Üyesi Prof. Dr. Ömer Osman ERTAN .............................. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Jüri Üyesi Doç. Dr. Deniz İNNAL .............................. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Enstitü Müdürü Doç.Dr.Yasin TUNCER .............................. TAAHHÜTNAME Bu tezin akademik ve etik kurallara uygun olarak yazıldığını ve kullanılan tüm literatür bilgilerinin referans gösterilerek tezde yer aldığını beyan ederim. Elif Öztürk İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER ................................................................................................... i ÖZET................................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ iii TEġEKKÜR ........................................................................................................ iv ġEKĠLLER DĠZĠNĠ ............................................................................................. v ÇĠZELGELER DĠZĠNĠ ....................................................................................... vii SĠMGELER VE KISALTMALAR DĠZĠNĠ ....................................................... viii 1. GĠRĠġ .............................................................................................................. 1 2. KAYNAK ÖZETLERĠ ................................................................................... 3 3. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM .......................................................................... 6 3.1. Materyal ................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1. Örnekleme yerleri ............................................................................ 6 3.2. Yöntem ................................................................................................... 7 3.2.1. Örneklerin yakalanması ................................................................... 7 3.2.2. Örneklerin tespiti ve değerlendirilmesi ........................................... 8 3.2.3. Su örneklerinin alınması ve saklanması .......................................... 9 4.ARAġTIRMA BULGULARI .......................................................................... 11 4.1. Örnekleme Bölgeleri .............................................................................. 11 4.1.1. ġırla Deresi, Simav .......................................................................... 11 4.1.2. Kalkan Göleti giriĢi, Simav ............................................................. 12 4.1.3. ġırla Deresi, Çay Kasabası-Simav ................................................... 12 4.1.4. Bahtıllı köprüsü, Simav ................................................................... 12 4.1.5. Akdere, Demirci-Manisa ................................................................. 13 4.1.6. Binmurt Köprüsü, Sındırgı-Balıkesir .............................................. 14 4.1.7. Sındırgı Köprüsü, Balıkesir ............................................................. 15 4.1.8. Cüneyt Köprüsü, Sındırgı-Balıkesir ................................................ 16 4.1.9. Bidagiç Köprüsü, Balıkesir………………………. ........................ 17 4.1.10. Mahmudiye Köprüsü, Kepsut-Balıkesir ......................................... 18 4.1.11. Yıldızköy Köprüsü, Susurluk-Balıkesir ......................................... 19 4.1.12. Canbolu köprüsü, Karacabey-Bursa ............................................... 20 4.1.13. Harmanlı Köprüsü, Karacabey-Bursa ............................................ 21 4.1.14. Dalyan Gölü, Karacabey-Bursa ..................................................... 22 4.2.Su Kalitesi ile Ġlgileri Bulgular ............................................................... 23 4.3.Balık Faunası ........................................................................................... 25 4.3.1.Tespit edilen türler ve morfolojik özellikleri .................................... 26 5. TARTIġMA VE SONUÇLAR ..................................................................................... 59 KAYNAKLAR ................................................................................................... 65 ÖZGEÇMĠġ ........................................................................................................ 70 i ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi SİMAV ÇAYI (SUSURLUK HAVZASI)’NIN BALIK FAUNASININ BELİRLENMESİ Elif ÖZTÜRK Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Su Ürünleri Temel Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı Danışman: Prof. Dr. Fahrettin KÜÇÜK Bu çalıĢmada ülkemizin en önemli akarsularından biri olan Simav Çayı (Susurluk Nehri havzası)‟nın balık faunası Mayıs 2014, Eylül 2014, Kasım 2014 ve ġubat 2015 tarihleri arasında 4 kez örnekleme çalıĢması yapılarak belirlenmiĢtir. Örneklemeler, akarsu sisteminin tamamını kapsayacak Ģekilde seçilen 14 adet örnekleme bölgesinde yapılmıĢtır. Örneklerin yakalanmasında, popülasyonlara ve habitattaki diğer organizmalara fazla zarar verilmeden; elektrik akımı ayarlanabilir elektroĢeker, uzatma ağı, ığrıp ağı ve kepçeler kullanılmıĢtır. ÇalıĢma sonucunda yaklaĢık 321 km uzunluğundaki Simav Çayı‟ndan 6 adet familyaya ait 21 takson belirlenmiĢtir. Bu balıklardan 14 adet takson ile temsil edilen Cypirinidae, en baskın familyadır. Akarsuyun 6., 7., ve 10. örnek yerlerinden tespit edilen Petroleuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler, 1859) Simav Çayı için yeni kayıttır. Ayrıca akarsuyun tamamını temsil - edecek Ģekilde seçilen 8 örnekleme bölgesinde toplam sertlik (CaCO3), klorür (Cl ), kalsiyum (Ca+2), magnezyum (Mg+2), bulanıklık (NTU) değerleri laboratuvarda belirlenmiĢtir. Su sıcaklığı (0C), ÇözünmüĢ oksijen (mg/l), pH, Elektriksel iletkenlik (25 0C µS/cm) ve tuzluluk (ppt) olmak üzere akarsuyun bazı fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri belirlenerek elde edilen veriler balık faunasının dağılıĢı ile iliĢkilendirilmiĢtir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Simav Çayı, Türkiye Ġçsu Balıkları, Taksonomi, Zoocoğrafya. 2016, Sayfa Sayısı 70 ii ABSTRACT M.Sc. Thesis DETERMİNATİON OF THE FİSH FAUNA OF SİMAV RİVER (SUSURLUK BASİN, TURKEY) Elif ÖZTÜRK Süleyman Demirel University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Fisheries Basic Science Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Fahrettin KÜÇÜK In this study, fish fauna of Simav River (Susurluk River Basin) which one of the major rivers of our country was determined. Sampling was carried out four times in May 2014, September 2014, November 2014 and February 2015. Sampling was conducted in 14 sampling areas which selected to cover the entire river system. Electro-shocker, gill net, seine-net and spoon ner were used to capture the sample without harming population and other organisms. As a result of this study was determinated 21 taxa belonging to 6 families in Simav Stream which is approximately 321 km long. Cyprinidae (with 14 taxa) is the most dominant family of these. Petroleuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler, 1859) determined from the middle basin of the river (station 6, 7, 10) is new record for Simav River. On the other hand - some physicochemical properties which total hardness (CaCO3), chloride (Cl ), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), turbidity (NTU), temperature (0C), dissolved oxygen (mg/l), pH, conductivity (250C µS/cm) and salinity (ppt) were determined and associated with the distribution of fish fauna. Keywords: Simav River, Inlandwater Fishes of Turkey, Taxonomy, Zoogeography. 2016, 70 pages iii TEŞEKKÜR Bu araĢtırma için beni yönlendiren, karĢılaĢtığım zorlukları bilgi ve tecrübesi ile aĢmamda yardımcı olan değerli DanıĢman Hocam Prof. Dr. Fahrettin KÜÇÜK‟e teĢekkürlerimi sunarım. Arazi çalıĢmalarımda yardımlarını esirgemeyen ArĢ. Gör. Salim Serkan GÜÇLÜ, ArĢ. Gör. Dr. Lerzan ÇĠÇEK ve Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ömer ERDOĞAN‟a teĢekkür ederim. 3840-YL1-14 No‟lu Proje ile tezimi maddi olarak destekleyen Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Bilimsel AraĢtırma Projeleri Yönetim Birimi BaĢkanlığı‟na teĢekkür ederim. Tezimin her aĢamasında beni yalnız bırakmayan aileme sonsuz sevgi ve saygılarımı sunarım. Elif ÖZTÜRK ISPARTA, 2016 iv ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ Sayfa ġekil 3.1. Simav Çayı üzerindeki örnekleme bölgeleri……………………... 7 ġekil 3.2. Balıkların morfometrik ve sayılabilen taksonomik özellikleri…... 8 ġekil 4.1. ġırla Deresi, Kalkan Kasabası (Simav)………………………….. 11 ġekil 4.2. ġırla Deresi, Kalkan Göleti giriĢi………………………………… 12 ġekil 4.3a. ġırla Deresi……………………………………………………… 13 ġekil 4.3b. Bahtıllı Köprüsü, Simav………………………………………... 13 ġekil 4.4. Akdere, Demirci-Manisa………………………………………… 14 ġekil 4.5. Binmurt Köprüsü, Sındırgı-Balıkesir…………………………….. 15 ġekil 4.6. Sındırgı Köprüsü, Sındırgı-Balıkesir…………………………….. 16 ġekil 4.7. Cüneyt Köprüsü, Sındırgı-Balıkesir……………………………... 17 ġekil 4.8. Bidagiç Köprüsü, Balıkesir………………………………………. 18 ġekil 4.9. Mahmudiye Köprüsü, Kepsut-Balıkesir…………………………. 19 ġekil 4.10. Yıldızköy Köprüsü, Susurluk-Balıkesir………………………… 20 ġekil 4.11.
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