EMIA S3EMIA-209-ATT2 AECOM SHE Construction Guidelines (Physical Construction SHE means and methods)

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PART 1

PHYSICAL CONDITION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

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PHYSICAL 1 – FALL PREVENTION

1.1 Design Risk Review 1.1.1 Constructability Where a design review or Constructability Review is to be undertaken. 1 Review

1.1.2 Risk Assessment The Contractors on site have completed a project risk assessment 2 including addressing work at height issues and eliminating the reliance of harnesses as the primary and sole means of work at height protection. Detailed Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS) should be prepared for all Work at Height.

1.2 Perimeter Protection 1.2.1 Edge Protection Robust physical barriers, such as screens, guard rails, and net systems 3 must be provided to prevent persons or materials falling any distance likely to cause injury, during works at height.

1.2.2 Exterior Work Work conducted outside of the perimeter protection must have lanyards 4 used to tie-off tools and equipment. Horizontal catch nets are installed as close to the construction operations as practical with exclusion zones established below.

1.3 Frame Erection 1.3.1 Metal Frame Metal frame structures must be erected from Mobile Elevated Work 5 Erection Platforms (MEWPs) and where access to the steel cannot be avoided, workers are to use beam gliders for access and safety nets and guard rail systems must be incorporated during metal decking operations.

1.3.2 Formwork Erection Concrete formwork/falsework systems should be proprietary systems and 6 are erected from safe working platforms or, are erected from below either manually or, through the use of MEWPs below the deck level.

1.3.3 Following Works Edge protection systems are designed as part of the frame erection 7 process and provide protection for following works (e.g. cladding).

1.4 Scaffolds, Temporary Works and Working Platforms 1.4.1 Working Platforms Scaffolds, temporary works and working platforms are planned, erected, 8 altered or dismantled by competent persons to ensure the right design and equipment is used for the specific situation.

1.4.2 Structural Integrity For scaffolds, temporary works and working platforms - all structural 9 members are free from visible defects, the structure is plumb, and adequate cross-bracing is provided. All scaffolds must be stable with sound footings, wheels locked (where fitted) and tied into structure where height/base ratio is greater than 3:1.

1.4.3 Safe Access All scaffolds and working platforms have safe ladder access provided. 10

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1.4.4 Complete Decking All working platforms are closely planked, free from defective or damaged 11 planks and debris.

1.4.5 Protected Edges All scaffolds and working platforms have guard rails, mid-rails, and toe 12 boards installed on all open sides of platforms from which people or materials may fall. Where materials may fall over toe boards - netting or fencing is provided.

1.5 Penetrations, Risers and Shafts 1.5.1 Lift Shafts Openings to lift shafts are fully protected with a secure, full height system 13 preventing unauthorised entry and eliminating the risk of falls of persons or materials. Safe working platforms are provided for all those working in lift shafts.

1.5.2 Penetrations and Penetrations and risers are limited in size and number as far as 14 Risers practicable and have mesh cast in during construction or are fitted with other robust protection such as metal guard rails or covers, which prevent falls through them.

1.5.3 Floor Openings All floor openings are protected with robust, securely fixed (screwed or 15 bolted - not nailed) and clearly marked covers to prevent the fall of materials or persons through them. The covers do not present a tripping hazard.

1.6 Ladders 1.6.1 Use of Ladders The project team has undertaken a process to minimise the use of all 16 types of ladders and incorporated the use of safer means of working at height (e.g. scissor lifts, scaffold towers and podium steps). All ladders in use must be structurally sound, safely installed and used only as a means of access. Ladders in use must be stable, fit for purpose and use in a safe manner.

1.7 General Precautions 1.7.1 Securing Materials All construction materials that might be blown or swept off of roofs, 17 exposed floors or scaffolds are effectively secured when work has ceased and/or high winds are predicted.

1.7.2 Work around water Where water is present - additional measures have been taken to prevent 18 drowning.

1.7.3 Loading Platforms All loading platforms are assessed before installation and are fitted with 19 guard rails to all sides where people or materials may fall. All loading platforms must be checked to ensure there are no snagging points on them. If snagging points are found the platform must not be used until remedial measures were taken to remove the potential for snagging.

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1.7.4 Mechanical Access All mechanical access systems have guarding that is robust and fit for 20 Systems purpose. Restraining harnesses are worn and secured by persons working in MEWPS with articulated booms.

1.7.5 Rubbish Chutes Rubbish chutes and skips/dumpsters used for rubbish disposal (from 21 upper floors) are located and/or fenced off so as to prevent danger to the public and workers.

1.7.6 Suspended Access All persons working on suspended access (bosun’s chairs / cradles / 22 gondolas / swing stages) must wear and use appropriate independent fall prevention equipment to effectively protect them from any failure of the equipment or suspension system.

1.7.7 Vertical Access Access to general work floors is provided by the full permanent solution 23 where ever possible. Where this is not possible, temporary staircases of adequate width and complete with handrails are provided.

PHYSICAL 2 – LOGISTICS

2.1 Site Access Control 2.1.1 Gate Entry All locations shall effectively control access to the site/premises to prevent 24 unauthorised persons entering.

2.1.2 Recording of all All persons (workers and visitors) entering and leaving the location should 25 Persons be recorded for accounting purposes in emergency situations.

2.2 Fencing 2.2.1 Site Fencing All construction works in the vicinity of members of the public must be 26 fenced off to prevent unauthorised access. All works lasting more than a few hours should erect suitable fencing or hoardings to prevent unauthorised access.

2.2.2 Entry Signs Access points and site rules should be clearly signed. 27

2.3 Public Protection 2.3.1 Lifting Operations The project must ensure that the public is excluded and/or protected via a 28 suitable physical barrier during lifting operations.

2.3.2 Public Interface Projects must provide suitable protection to public pedestrians and motor 29 vehicle users when vehicle movements into/out of and within the site are occurring. Projects must keep public walkways and roadways clean and free of construction-related hazards or materials at all times (except for cordoned-off areas).

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2.3.3 Public Health The project will employ effective environmental health measures in the 30 public interest to ensure dust, noise and vibration control measures are employed to meet legislative requirements.

2.4 Pedestrian and Vehicle Safety 2.4.1 Separate Access Separate site entrance/exit points for pedestrians and vehicles will be 31 established to keep them apart.

2.4.2 Pedestrian/Vehicle Physical and/or visible barriers (e.g. guard rails, traffic cones) should be 32 Segregation used to segregate pedestrians and vehicles along common access areas. Pedestrian crossing points must be provided across vehicle routes to access main work areas.

2.4.3 Hazard Notification Signs and/or lights, fences and barricades must be in place to inform 33 drivers and pedestrians of hazards and precautions.

2.4.4 Parking Parking areas for different kinds of vehicles, (e.g. delivery trucks kept 34 separate to private vehicles) must be created for the project.

2.4.5 Deliveries Delivery procedures and storage arrangements (including crane loading 35 areas) must be detailed and communicated. To avoid reversing risks a one-way traffic system should be used. Where unavoidable trained traffic signalers must be used to control vehicle movements in confined or congested areas.

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2.5 Operator Competence 2.5.1 Operator All vehicle operators must be competent (certified/licensed) to operate the 36 Requirements plant and vehicles they are assigned and records of operator competency must be available at all times. Drivers (and passengers) must wear seat belts and mobile phones are not to be used on site.

2.6 Powered Mobile Equipment 2.6.1 Mobile Equipment Regular checks by competent persons must be carried out and recorded 37 Requirements to ensure all mobile equipment and vehicles are maintained in a safe condition fitted with effective brakes, horn, lights, reflectors, seat belts, visibility aids and visual or audible warning systems.

2.7 Housekeeping 2.7.1 Housekeeping Crew All contractors will contribute toward effective housekeeping via their own 38 workforce or by having a dedicated service gang.

2.7.2 Access Routes All main access ways, emergency routes and passage ways (including 39 basements and stairwells) must be clearly lit, marked and kept free from obstructions and debris to reduce the risk of trips and slips.

2.7.3 Material Storage All materials must be safely stacked, away from fences and hoardings, 40 and located to minimize re-handling and reduce transport distances.

2.7.4 Sharp Objects Risks of cuts and punctures from sharp objects such as protruding nails 41 and reinforcement bars should be assessed and controlled.

2.7.5 Warning Signs Signs are posted where necessary to provide clear instructions - No 42 Smoking, No Entry, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), etc. Pictorial and multi-language signs must be used to overcome worker language issues.

2.7.6 Waste Management Waste must be effectively managed by minimization, segregation and 43 recycling, and performance monitored and recorded.

PHYSICAL 3 – GROUNDWORKS

3.1 Pre-planning 3.1.1 Underground All underground services (electricity, gas, etc.) must be located and 44 Services marked before excavation works commence as part of a permit to conduct ground works process.

3.1.2 Temporary Works Checks should be made to ensure the structural integrity of temporary 45 Inspections works.

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3.1.3 Piling All piling works should be planned and carried out to reduce exposure of 46 workers to falling into openings and injury through contact with plant.

3.2 Stability 3.2.1 Shoring Excavations should be shored or battered back/sloped to a safe angle as 47 determined and assessed by a competent person.

3.2.2 Fall Protection Where persons, plant and/or materials could fall into excavations, pits and 48 holes - or where the collapse of the excavation sides is a risk - barriers or edge protection is provided and all edges are sloped to suitable gradients where necessary.

3.2.3 Water Ingress Water ingress into excavations must be controlled to ensure safety. 49

3.2.4 Inspections Excavations must be inspected daily by a competent person prior to use 50 and after every rainstorm or other event which could impact on the stability or any other hazard associated with the excavation.

3.3 Safe Works 3.3.1 Worker Awareness Adequate signage, barriers and lighting must be provided to prevent falls 51 into excavations adjacent to thoroughfares.

3.3.2 Excavation Access Temporary stairs should be installed to provide safe access into trenches 52 or excavations, unless they are very short duration ground works when ladders may be used.

3.3.3 Exclusion Zones Exclusion zones must be established and maintained around operating 53 earth moving machines to prevent workers being struck by either the machine or any tool due to the failure of any quick hitch system.

3.3.4 Dredging & Diving Safety at sea and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular 54 to the marine environment, must be ensured including the safety and wellbeing of divers.

PHYSICAL 4 - LIFTING & SLINGING

4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 4.1.1 Crane Cranes must be structurally sound and fitted with appropriate safety 55 Requirements devices.

4.1.2 Crane Certification All crane types must be examined and certified by a competent person 56 before first use and at regular intervals in accordance with local legislation.

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4.1.3 Hazard Effective measures must be taken to prevent cranes coming into contact 57 Management with power lines, other cranes or structures and safe operating conditions during poor weather must be established and communicated to all relevant operatives.

4.1.4 Crane Erection / All crane erection, climbing and dismantling operations must follow the 58 Dismantling manufacturer’s recommendations and adhere to local or higher legislation.

4.1.5 Suitable Lifting All lifting equipment must be fit for purpose, marked with a means of 59 Equipment identification and safe working load.

4.1.6 Lifting Equipment All lifting equipment must be examined before first use, regularly 60 Inspection inspected, and certificated at least annually as safe to use by a competent person, including cranes, hoists, chains, hooks, slings, etc.

4.1.7 Rubbish Skip Lifting Rubbish removal skips must be structurally sound and designed for lifting 61 (with lifting points), must not be filled above their top edge and should be covered to prevent debris falling out while they are being lifted.

4.2 Competent Persons 4.2.1 Lifting Supervisors, All sites with crane operation will appoint a competent Lifting Supervisor to 62 Crane Operators & manage crane and lifting operations. All operators of cranes and other Slingers lifting equipment must be trained and competent to operate that particular piece of equipment. The lifting equipment operator shall hold a valid certificate of competency from an authorized third party. Adequate numbers of competent operatives (riggers/slingers) must be provided to safely plan and conduct all lifting operations and each must have proof of competence.

4.3 Safe Use of Cranes 4.3.1 Lifting Clear communications must be provided and maintained between crane 63 Communications operators and signalers.

4.3.2 Correct Slinging All loads must be safely slung by a competent person, within safe working 64 limits of the lifting equipment, using hooks with safety catches, netting loose loads and attaching tie lines. Daily lifting coordination meetings must be held where more than one crane is in use.

PHYSICAL 5 – ELECTRICAL

5.1 Temporary Supply 5.1.1 Supply Panels Electrical supply panels must be sufficient in number, and secured to 65 prevent unauthorized access and inspected before use by a competent person.

5.1.2 Circuit Breakers All electrical circuits must be protected by an ELCB or RCD or GFCI, fitted 66 at source and regularly checked.

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5.1.3 Cable Protection All electrical supply boards, cables, cords plugs and sockets must be safe 67 by design for construction use, located or protected so as to avoid physical damage by vehicles, water, etc. (e.g. by elevation or armor) or becoming a trip hazard.

5.2 Work on Live Systems 5.2.1 Lock Out - Tag Out Works on live electrical systems should be prohibited, unless required for 68 testing and commissioning and a Lock Out - Tag Out (LOTO) and a Permit to Work system must be used to ensure energized systems are locked off and de-energized before work is conducted upon them.

5.2.2 Fire Precautions The risk of electrical fires must be risk assessed and appropriate 69 precautions noted and undertaken such as ensuring adequate firefighting equipment is in the vicinity and easily identified.

5.3 People and Tools 5.3.1 Competent Only competent electricians are to be allowed to work on electrical circuits 70 Electricians and equipment and proof of qualification must be made available.

5.3.2 Equipment All electrical tools and equipment operating off the site supply must be 71 Inspections regularly inspected, tested and marked as safe to use.

5.4 Lighting 5.4.1 Adequate Lighting Adequate lighting must be provided to supplement low levels of natural 72 light to ensure operations can be conducted safely. The levels of illumination need to match the demands of the job and the location.

5.4.2 Lighting Safety Lighting installations should avoid the risks of electric shock, burns and 73 glare and unsecured halogen tripod lights should not be in use. An emergency back-up system to ensure sufficient lighting is available to aid escape in emergency situations.

PHYSICAL 6 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE

6.1 Occupational Health 6.1.1 Demolition Demolition work must be undertaken using suitable precautions to protect 74 workers from falling material, toxic substances, electrical risk and exposure to airborne matter.

6.1.2 Hazardous Materials Exposure to harmful substances and environmental conditions must be 75 identified in a risk register and exposure reduced where practical by elimination, substitution, attenuation or isolation, personal protection and signage. Material Safety Data Sheets must be used for guidance.

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6.1.3 Confined Spaces Measures must be in place to ensure workers in confined spaces have 76 adequate ventilation and lighting and are issued with appropriate Personal Protective Equipment. All confined spaces work must be subject to a permit system.

6.1.4 Noise Exposure Areas and activities producing noise levels above 80 db(A) should have 77 noise warning signs posted, stating that hearing protection should be worn. Appropriate hearing protection must be provided to, and worn by, all those at risk of sustaining damage to their hearing.

6.1.5 Manual Lifting Manual lifting tasks must be assessed, with weights known before being 78 undertaken and appropriate equipment identified and used to handle heavy/awkward loads. Workers undertaking manual lifting must be instructed in safe practices and must follow safe manual lifting methods.

6.1.6 First Aid Medical equipment and trained personnel should be available for 79 providing first aid treatment to injuries and providing advice on health and wellbeing.

6.2 Personal Protective Equipment 6.2.1 PPE Requirements All workers and visitors exposed to construction operations must wear; 80 Hard Hat, Safety Boots, High Visibility clothing, and Eye Protection. The items must fit the individual and be in good condition. Adequate supplies of personal protective equipment must be available to protect both workers and visitors.

6.2.2 Task-specific PPE Other items of task specific Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should 81 be identified in risk assessments and PPE provided on an as needs basis.

6.2.3 Personnel Key personnel should be easily distinguished by visual markings, e.g. 82 Identification specific colors of helmets or clothing for supervisors, safety professionals, slingers, medics, etc.

6.3 Welfare 6.3.1 Toilet Facilities Sufficient toilet facilities must be provided, in easy access of working 83 areas, and plumbed into the mains (rather than chemical) where practical and cleaned regularly.

6.3.2 Washing Facilities Washing facilities with hot and cold water should be provided and be 84 adequate for the numbers of workers and must be kept clean, provided with soap, towels and barrier creams. Showers should be provided where reasonably practical and where necessary due to risk.

6.3.3 Break & Meal Adequate changing and break facilities should be provided for workers to 85 Facilities take meal breaks. These should be heated/cooled, have adequate numbers of lockers, tables and chairs and be kept clean. Appropriate facilities must be available to meet the needs of different cultures (e.g. for praying).

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6.3.4 Drinking Water Appropriate supplies of clean drinking water must be provided for workers 86 on all projects.

6.3.5 Extreme Weather Work conducted in extreme temperatures must have a definitive policy 87 and/or safe work method statement developed to protect workers from extreme weather exposure.

6.3.6 Off-site Worker Where worker off-site living accommodation is provided by contractors the 88 Accommodation standards should meet these or higher standards and meet all relative local regulations

PHYSICAL 7 - FIRE & EMERGENCY

7.1 Fire Prevention Measures 7.1.1 Storage of Storage of combustible materials must be minimized with waste and 89 Combustible empty containers removed as soon as practically possible; Highly Materials flammable liquids and gases (such as solvents, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), oxygen, etc.) must be used and stored safely in well ventilated stores.

7.1.2 Hot Works All hot works processes likely to produce sources of ignition such as 90 burning, grinding, heating, welding, flame cutting, etc. should be controlled by the use of a permit system. Fire extinguishers must be available before issuing permits and an up to date record of details in a site log must be in place.

7.1.3 Smoking Smoking should be prohibited within all enclosed areas and in the vicinity 91 of combustible materials, explosive, and highly flammable liquids/gases.

7.2 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems 7.2.1 Fire Alarms Adequate arrangements should be made to detect and raise the alarm in 92 the event of a fire or other emergency. Alarms must be audible in all parts of the location where people may be present. Alarm/detector systems should be checked / tested on a monthly basis to ensure they are functional.

7.3 Means of Escape 7.3.1 Emergency Exit Two alternative means of escape must be provided where possible at all 93 Routes work locations. Emergency exit routes must be easily identifiable, kept free from obstruction, have emergency lighting, directional signs and exit points marked and offer some additional level of fire resistance and have fire doors fitted to them where appropriate.

7.4 Fire Fighting

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7.4.1 Fire Fighting Sufficient numbers and types of firefighting equipment must be available 94 Equipment and correctly located at all times in accordance with local regulations and good practice. Fire extinguishers, hose reels, fire blankets and riser inlet and outlet valves must be readily accessible, unobstructed, clearly signed and regularly checked.

7.4.2 Wet/Dry Risers Risers should progress with the construction or demolition and be no more 95 than two floors below the construction floor and be regularly tested to ensure adequate water flow rate/pressure. On floors where risers and hose reel coverage is impractical, effective means for extinguishing fires must be provided.

7.4.3 Fire Wardens A sufficient number of Fire Marshals/Wardens must be appointed and 96 trained in basic firefighting techniques using the equipment available and in evacuation procedures and their details recorded.

7.4.4 Fire Extinguisher All firefighting equipment must be checked and serviced regularly, 97 Inspections including testing of pump sets of wet risers and firefighting lift controls. A regular visual check must be carried out and results recorded on all firefighting equipment to ensure they have not been damaged, discharged or gone missing.

7.4.5 Emergency Services Adequate access must be maintained at all times for emergency services 98 vehicles. Periodic reviews of the firefighting facilities shall be made with local Fire Authority to update equipment, access locations and relevant construction processes and to ensure connections for Fire Authorities satisfy mandatory requirements.

7.5 Evacuation Procedures 7.5.1 Worker & Visitor Fire drills should be held regularly and their results recorded. Evacuation 99 Awareness routes and Assembly Points must be well signed and all staff and visitors must be given instruction on emergency warning systems and evacuation procedures and assembly/muster point.

PHYSICAL 8 - ROAD WORKS

8.1 General Requirements 8.1.1 Road Works All works on or near existing and new roads/high ways shall be properly 100 Planning designed and planned with the appropriate necessary approvals (NOC’s) obtained from all parties.

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8.2 Control of Site Vehicles 8.2.1 Site / Site Access & All vehicles on site must have working reversing lights fixed to the rear 101 Egress and reverse alarms which automatically work whilst vehicles are being reversed (See also 2.6.1). In addition, the contractor must assign trained person(s) to guide reversing vehicles and a Traffic Control Person (TCP) for the protection of other workers on site against moving cars and for the protection of moving cars against the hazards of the construction site.

8.3 Traffic Management 8.3.1 Temporary Traffic The contractor must obtain all the necessary approvals from the 102 Controls (TTC) and concerned parties before carrying out any traffic detour or for using part Devices (TTCD) of a road for planned and unplanned activities.

8.4 Hazard Management 8.4.1 Minimizing Effective measures must be taken to prevent vehicles coming into 103 Personal Injury contact with other road users, employees and the general public. Safe operating during poor weather conditions must be established and communicated to all relevant operatives. Risk Assessments and Safe Work Procedures must be developed by the contractor(s) in order to protect employees, road users and members of the public against all identified hazards.

PHYSICAL 9 - ENVIRONMENT

9.1 Stormwater, Sediment and Erosion 9.1.1 Soil or Vegetation All excavations and soil or vegetation disturbance activities must 104 Disturbance prevent and minimize the generation of impacted storm water, topsoil loss and degradation of land quality.

9.2 Air and Noise Emission 9.2.1 Environmental Construction sites have the potential to generate significant 105 Impacts environmental impacts on and off site through interactions with land, air and water and need to be effectively managed in order to avoid legal

implications.

9.3 Soils and Groundwater Contamination 9.3.1 Contamination Soil and groundwater can be subject to differing levels of contamination 106 either as a result of previous development, an environmental incident or naturally occurring features. Construction activities can create pathways for contamination to travel to sensitive environmental features and/or people and if not managed appropriately could be harmful. Contaminated land/soils are subject to legislative requirements and therefore usually assessed as part of the planning process and the associated environmental proposals.

9.4 Biodiversity and Natural Habitats

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9.4.1 Habitats Biodiversity is the term used to describe plants, trees and animals on or 107 near the site. Some species and their habitats, including water bodies, are specifically protected by legislation and whilst other species are considered as a nuisance or ‘invasive’. The poor management of biodiversity and natural habitats can incur fines from regulatory bodies. Fines can be incurred from poor management of protected species can be very high and site biodiversity should therefore be treated with great importance. Plants and animals can be referred to as flora and fauna, where flora are plants and fauna are animals.

9.5 Heritage and Artefacts 9.5.1 Heritage Archaeological and cultural heritage remains are irreplaceable and 108 provide evidence, in some cases the only evidence, of the past development of civilization. As a result, archaeological and cultural heritage remains are protected through the planning process and by specific legislation and regulatory requirements.

9.6 Hazardous Materials 9.6.1 Hazardous Hazardous Substances have the potential to harm both human health 109 Substances and the environment.

9.7 Materials Selections 9.7.1 Sustainable AECOM is committed to ensuring that all of the materials used are 110 Materials sustainable and resource efficient. Preference should be given to those materials with a recycled content (part of the material comes from recycled rather than virgin material) and that use reduced quantities of, and, recycled packaging.

9.8 Energy Consumption 9.8.1 Energy Saving It is an AECOM priority to design, build and operate zero carbon 111 buildings because energy use and the associated carbon emissions impact the environment, profitability and reputation. To effectively manage energy use, consumption needs to be monitored and recorded.

9.9 Water Consumption 9.9.1 Saving water Water is a limited natural resource and measures must be taken to 112 improve water efficiency through monitoring, identifying waste and implementing measures to reduce consumption.

9.10 Waste Management 9.10.1 Management of Waste is defined as anything that is discarded, intended to, or is 113 Waste required to be, discarded. This includes contaminated muck shifts, surplus soils, broken bricks and blocks, packaging, empty containers and ICT equipment. On all projects the waste management hierarchy (elimination, reduction, reuse, recycling, recovery and then disposal) must be used to minimize waste generation and disposal.

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PART 2

GUIDELINES FOR COMPLIANCE AND REQUIREMENTS FOR PHYSICAL CONDITION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.1 Design Risk Review 1 Sub-Section 1.1.1 Constructability Review

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: To explore opportunities to design out work at height risks. (No 1 cause of death/injury).

AECOM shall undertake a Constructability Review of the design of projects it undertakes (when applicable).

To review the design to assist the project to be safer during both construction and operation the Constructability Review will, in most circumstances, review all risks and opportunities of a project at concept stage.

As statistics can indicate that a high proportion of all fatalities and injuries can be attributed to poor design decisions or lack of planning – it is essential that all project stakeholders (including, but not limited to – Client/Developer, Project Manager, Contractor(s), Designer/Architect, Consultant/Engineer) are involved in such a review of the design from a health and safety perspective.

Visual Compliance

EXAMPLE: Design Reviews can ensure that where possible steel structures are erected on the ground and erected into position to minimize work at height.

EXAMPLE: Simple design solutions such as casting metal ‘sleeves’ into floor slabs can enable a simpler erection of edge protection

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EXAMPLE: Design solutions can allow cladding to be placed in a safe manner.

EXAMPLE: Design reviews can ensure that the final solution for edge protection is accelerated in the construction process such as pouring a concrete parapet around risers.

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.1 Design Risk Review 2 Sub-Section 1.1.2 Risk Assessment

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: The Contractors on site have completed a project risk assessment including addressing work at height issues and eliminating the reliance of harnesses as the primary and sole means of work at height protection. Detailed Safe Work Method Statements should be prepared for all Work at Height

All contractors working on the project site will complete a detailed risk assessment to address work at height issues.

To suitably meet this element the risk assessment provided must be subject to the approval of either the Construction Supervision’s Project Manager, Resident Engineer, SH&E Manager or other party with statutory responsibility for supervising or coordinating work from a health & safety perspective.

The risk assessment must cover the hierarchy of falls protection:

1. Eliminate the risk of falls of people or materials through design or planning – or if it is not possible; 2. Implement collective fixed measures to prevent (or mitigate) the risk of falls - or if it is not possible; 3. Use personal fall prevention and mitigation systems to only be used as a last resort

Risk assessments must also explore all options to eliminate the use of harnesses as the primary, and sole, method of protecting workers at height.

This practice not only exposes workers to fall-related risks, it is often used as a primary method without regards to how persons suspended in a harness can be safely rescued. A worker using a harness is also restricted in activity and movement and is unable to conduct work in an efficient manner compared to workers in other circumstances where a fixed and secure edge protection or fall arrest system has been installed.

All projects will ensure that any work practices that require harnesses to be worn is captured in the Contractors risk assessment and that all stakeholders involved in reviewing work plans and risk assessments ensure that alternative measures are explored prior to any approval being given allowing workers to operate with harnesses as the primary and sole means of work at height protection.

Any elements of contractors or sub-contractors work identified in the risk assessment or work plan where the risk of the fall of persons or material is identified as high risk is required to prepare a detailed Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS).

The SWMS will outline the activity, sequencing of works, schedule and through both text and images describe how not only the work will be conducted, but how risks will be mitigated. SWMS documentations must be submitted to the appropriate party who has been allocated responsibility for reviewing and approving the documentation. This may be the Construction Supervision’s Project Manager or SH&E Manager/Engineer.

Once an element of work has been identified as requiring a SWMS (or permit), the activity cannot commence until

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the relevant organization(s) have approved the submitted documentation.

Where the use of a harness has not been suitably included in a Permit to Work and/or Safe Work Method Statement process, a Permit to Use a Harness must be prepared for approval.

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Conditions for using a safety harness as primary protection A safety harness cannot be used to provide primary fall protection for any person unless the following conditions have been fully met: 1. All other reasonable and practicable options to provide adequate fall prevention at a higher level have been reviewed and eliminated by either, the Contractor’s SH&E Manager/Engineer or Construction Manager. 2. The Contractor’s SH&E Manager/Engineer has passed on the review results to the Contractor’s Country/Regional SH&E Manager to communicate the requirement for harnesses to be used as a primary means of fall protection. 3. Use of Harness Permit to Work conditions has been verified as fully compliant with the permit signed by the Contractor’s Project Manager and Project SH&E Manager.

The safety harness a. The harness shall be of “full body type” and provide support for the body across the lower chest (a chest strap) over the shoulders and around the thighs when a tensile load is applied to the fall arrest attachment element. b. The harness when properly fitted, and used, shall prevent fallout. c. The fall arrest attachment shall be located at the back position except for special circumstances i.e. confined space or vertical access to tower cranes where access does not prevent falls >2m. In this situation a different harness is required that has the fall arrest attachment in the front. d. Shall display a regulatory agency certification (e.g. CE Label) and be capable of withstanding 15 KN tensile load.

The lanyard and shock absorber a. Lanyards shall be (double type) constructed of a flexible line of rope or strap which must be connected to or incorporate a shock absorbing component either as part of the lanyard or lanyard attachment system (except when the protection is “travel restraint” then a shock absorber is not to be included) b. Shall display a regulatory agency certification (e.g. CE Label) and be capable of withstanding 15 KN tensile load.

Connectors a. All connectors (such as locking karabiners, self-locking snap hooks) shall be equipped with self-closing, self-locking gates which remain closed and locked until intentionally unlocked and opened for connection or disconnection. They shall be capable of being opened ONLY by at least two consecutive deliberate actions. b. Tie off shall require the hook to be fully closed around the anchor c. Shall regulatory agency stamped certifying capability to withstand 15 KN (min) force without breaking, or distorting.

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Inspection of Safety Harness (includes all associated ancillary equipment) a. Prior to first being used on site every safety harness, its lanyards, shock absorber and hooks are to be inspected by a competent person b. All harnesses in use shall verify fit for purpose by displaying a monthly inspection label c. Be subjected to daily ongoing inspections by the user d. Be subjected to ongoing inspections by a competent person, at intervals not exceeding one month.

Training Basic training is provided for all personnel required to wear a safety harness. This training shall occur at time of initial site induction. As a minimum the training shall cover: a. Daily self-inspection of equipment by the user b. Proper fitting and wearing c. Care and storage d. How to maintain 100% tie off with two lanyards

SWMS a. Contractors are to develop an SWMS and submit to the Construction Supervision Team in a timely manner b. The Construction Supervision Team shall review the SWMS for compliance with ’s and approve c. All workers, supervisors and safety personnel working at height must be inducted into their task SWMS d. Inducted workers must sign the document after induction

Rescue Plan All tasks that employ a safety harness as fall arrest protection are required to have a detailed rescue plan integrated within the SWMS.

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Defined Use of a Safety Harness Safe Work Method Statements shall give clear definition of how a harness will be used and mention anchor ratings, approvals and permits if required.

Definition of Shock Anchor Mandatory requirement Notificatio Harness Example harness absorber minimu n& Permit to application required m rating Approval work ? Required required from ? FALL YES or 6kN Harness to be set up Not NO RESTRAINT NO and tied off to ensure required Safe (Either that full breach is not environment are ok) possible provided, however partial breach required

TRAVEL NO 6kN Harness to be set up Contractor’ YES RESTRAINT and tied off to ensure s Project Worker is that the worker’s elbows Manager & exposed to an cannot reach the edge SH&E unprotected Manager edge with a fall risk >2m

SECONDARY YES 15kN Safety net or airbags Not NO ARREST etc to be installed below Required Worker is work area in a manner exposed to an that would adequately unprotected arrest any fall prior to edge with a fall the safety harness risk >2m being deployed

PRIMARY YES 15kN Environment shall allow Contractor’ YES ARREST 1 for full deployment of s Project Unique one-off shock absorber without Manager & activity where worker striking any SH&E worker is obstacle or ground Manager exposed to falling >2m (e.g. tower crane maintenance/r epair)

PRIMARY YES 15kN Environment shall allow Contractor’ YES ARREST 2 for full deployment of s Project Repetitious shock absorber without Manager & activity where worker striking any SH&E workers are obstacle or ground Manager using a harness as a primary means of fall protection (e.g. formwork erection)

NOTE: Nets are located below

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.2 Perimeter Protection 3 Sub-Section 1.2.1 Edge Protection

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Robust physical barriers, such as screens, guard rails and net systems must be provided to prevent persons or materials falling any distance likely to cause injury, during work at height.

All perimeter protection will be adequate to prevent materials or personnel falling by being designed to mitigate against the risks of all planned work. Where there is a public interface or above personnel access points this protection will fully enclose the building to a sufficient height above the highest working floor. Any hazards associated with introducing a perimeter protection system should also be adequately managed.

All edges where a person or materials can fall will be protected in accordance with the following specification.

Edge Protection will;

 Be provided to a minimum height following local legislation (with a preferred minimum height of at least 1000mm) and incorporate a toe board with a minimum height of 150mm capable of preventing materials falling, with no gaps below.  Not have vertical gaps between any guardrails or toe board which exceed local legislation (with a preferred minimum gap of 470mm). There should be no gaps below toe boards.  Be of continuous construction and robust and not made of surplus steel or timber that is not fit for purpose.  Where items of powered mobile equipment are likely to be used, have physical stops provided to prevent the powered mobile equipment reaching the edge of the slab and / or impacting the edge protection.  Be erected, maintained and dismantled by competent persons and be inspected prior to use and after alteration, repair, maintenance, and adverse weather.  Be provided to a higher standard where additional hazards are identified, e.g. adjacent public areas / project interfaces (walkways, roads, and offices), specific work activities, height of building, exposed locations etc.

All perimeter edges where a guard rail system is used are deemed incomplete unless the system incorporates a top rail, mid rail and toe board. Where toe boards are not specifically prescribed in local legislation, it is still perceived to be a component of a risk management based approach and essential part of the collective measures to avoid the fall of materials in particular.

Where there is a potential for materials to fall in excess of 2 meters, material protection to a minimum height of 1000mm must be provided and be capable of retaining the materials to be stored and used. (Where materials are stacked higher than 1000mm, guardrails and material guards will be provided above the height of the materials to be stored).

A system is not complete if materials can fall from the perimeter or opening due to the absence of a toe board or suitable element of the system in use that prevents materials falling from floor level.

Any other edge protection system other than guard rails must ensure that appropriate elements are in place to ensure that materials cannot fall as they can slide through or under the edge protection system element in use.

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Hierarchy of Preferred Edge Protection Methods

1. Perimeter Screens (full height, multiple floors) Increasing level of protection against the fall 2. Perimeter Scaffold (full height netted proprietary system) of person or materials 3. Edge protection system 2m+ or full floor height (meshed or netted) 4. Full height vertical netting with proprietary edge protection (1.1m) 5. Three element system (perimeter rails with toe board) and netted

Visual Compliance

1. Full height perimeter screens 2. Full perimeter scaffolding with netting

3. Proprietary system over 2m and meshed 4. Full height netting with three element edge protection

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5.Three element system and netted 6. Three element system and netted

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.2 Perimeter Protection 4 Sub-Section 1.2.2 Exterior Work

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Work conducted outside of the perimeter protection must have lanyards used to tie-off tools and equipment. Horizontal catch nets are installed as close to the construction operations as practical with exclusion zones established below.

Work conducted outside the perimeter protection must be undertaken in the first instance through the use of boom lifts, scissor lift and mast climbers. Only after these options have not been found to be feasible for the project can alternative options be considered.

To prevent the fall of materials – any work conducted outside of the perimeter protection zone will ensure that lanyards are used to tie-off tools and equipment. Such work includes the installation and dismantling of edge protection systems and its component elements.

Where work is conducted outside of the perimeter protection – an exclusion zone must be created regardless of whether the exclusion zone will be created on project, public or private land.

Where the work outside the perimeter is either ongoing or of a repetitive nature, horizontal catch nets should be in place to provide further protection against the falls of persons or materials. Any horizontal catch nets in use must be sufficiently close to the building structure to prevent materials (or persons) to fall either between the netted areas, or between the building and the net frame.

Any work conducted by on operative wearing a harness should be subject to the risk assessment process and related SWMS and/or permit system in use on the project. Where the use of a harness is necessary measure need to be undertaken to ensure that workers can be rescued from their harness prior to suspension trauma becoming an issue if a fall occurs.

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Visual Compliance

Lanyard and tools tied to belt and hard hat with chin Horizontal catch net strap

Exclusion zone Tethered hand tools

Horizontal catch net (slip form) Horizontal catch net (slip form)

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.3 Frame Erection 5 Sub-Section 1.3.1 Metal Frame Erection

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Metal frame structures must be erected from Mobile Elevated Work Platforms (MEWPs) and where access to the steel cannot be avoided, workers are to use beam gliders for access and safety nets and guard rail systems must be incorporated during metal decking operations.

To ensure that metal frame structures are erected in accordance with this standard, the following items are necessary for mitigating risks  During the design process an opportunity to pre-assemble all steel work should be considered either off site at the factory or on site but always at ground level. This should also include painting of the frame.  Mobile elevating work platforms are to be used in preference to all other methods, provided that a suitable operating base is available. The nature of the base should be determined prior to any operation taking place.  All steel erection shall occur within an exclusion zone  Lifting and slinging is to be performed by competent operators, riggers, dog man who meet local legislature requirements. Note: For countries that do not have a local qualification, competency is to be assessed by the Contractor’s Construction Manager or SH&E Manager.  Only cranes, plant and rigging equipment that have been maintained as per the manufacturer’s instructions, inspected and certified are to be used  Where access to the steel cannot be avoided, workers must use beam gliders for access across steel, man locks at bolting up points, and safe systems of work for releasing slings and clamps.  The use of ladders, beam gliders, and operatives working off harnesses should only be considered as a last resort and where the use of elevated working platforms (fixed or mobile) proves impossible.  Where practical guard rails and toe boards are fitted to perimeter beams at ground level prior to being lifted into position.  Safety nets should be fitted to the underside of the first floor. These should be installed from power operated mobile work platforms or mobile scaffold towers and not ladders.  Install metal decking/pre-cast concrete floor slabs to first floor.  Fit safety nets to the underside of the second floor.  Install metal decking/pre-cast concrete floor slabs to second floor.  Repeat these stages until steelwork erection is complete.  Where roof sheeting is to be placed on the final level the perimeter of the roof must be protected using a suitable and sufficient edge protection.  Safe procedures documented in the SWMS are to ensure that lifting loads over personnel or working below suspended loads is avoided  Harness Permit to Work required if the need to use a safety harness as primary fall protection cannot be avoided.

Note: Anchorage and life line systems shall be pre-fabricated and/or installed on the ground prior to lifting OR installed from a mechanical elevated work platform (MEWP).

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Visual Compliance

Metal Gantry safely lifted into position Frame constructed at ground level and raised

Beam glider Pre-erected edge protection lifted into position

Safety nets under steel structure Cherry picker used for steel erection

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.3 Frame Erection 6 Sub-Section 1.3.2 Formwork Erection

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Concrete formwork/falsework systems should be proprietary systems and are erected from safe working platforms or, are erected from below either manually or, through the use of MEWPs below the deck level.

A number of design considerations must be taken into account when planning concrete formwork/falsework. The type of slab, the material used for columns (concrete / steel), the floor height, etc. will all impact greatly on the type of formwork to be used. A uniform layout in a building will give rise to easier solutions from the point of view of slab erection and greatly reduce the possibility of late changes to design or forced changes during construction. Uniform columns will also ensure that one method can be defined and a safe system of work developed for the whole project.

Priority must always be given to a reduction in work at height and in terms of frame erection issues considering:  Wherever possible proprietary formwork systems must be used. This ensures that elements such as props, decking and protective elements should be erected from the ground and before reinforcement is placed on the formwork a safe working area should be in place. (The leading edge protected with robust edge protection and all floors covered with decking).  Propriety systems should be able to be erected from below and the need for workers to erect from above and be exposed to a leading edge must not be tolerated.  On columns and walls operatives to work off; mobile working platforms for walls, and proprietary column shutters / forms for column erection. The use of ladders and harnesses should again be considered only as a last resort. Reinforcement to columns and walls to be fabricated where possible at ground level.  Access to these areas should be by means of a proprietary access stairway and NOT by ladder.

Other considerations include: the use of prefabricated - beams, columns, floor slabs - and the reuse of formwork methods and material, and maximum use of proprietary systems.

Concrete Formwork Guidance

1. Hazard Elimination/Minimization The project teams’ aim is to firstly eliminate hazards. Where this is not possible all potential risks must be minimized. Therefore the first step should be to ensure the formwork design is reviewed for opportunities to eliminate the hazards. This could be by the use of pre-cast sections or simply adjusting deck height and design to maximize the use of a formwork system.

2. System Review The formwork system(s) adopted for the project must be reviewed by the Contractor’s Project Manager and SH&E Manager. This process will also include a Construction Supervision’s Engineer where the role exists. This review process should be undertaken prior to any commitment being made to a formwork subcontractor and signed off at either the tender stage or during project pre-construction.

3. Design The formwork system is to be designed by a qualified structural Engineer. The formwork system will preferably be a “systemized” proprietary type system. Full drawings will be prepared and approved prior to any deck commencing. A competent qualified structural engineer will also sign off each deck as being structurally adequate, prior to pouring. Design should take into account live and dead loadings and safe working load (SWL)

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will be adequately posted on the deck

4. Single Frame Formwork A range of methods should be adopted to reduce the risk of injury/falling when erecting single frame formwork; . The use of formwork systems that utilize the placement of soffit decks from the deck below to manufactures specification are preferred; . Erection of U heads, bearers, joists, etc. from a fully decked Work Platform no higher than 2m from the ground/deck or a MEWP; . The planking out or protection of starter bars and protruding hazards.

Note: Generally the intent is to prevent falling; therefore it stands to reason that the use of nets is not a preferred method of fall prevention. Where nets are utilized, they should be provided as close as possible to the working deck and be of sufficient tension and strength to support a load close to the work area.

5. Above Single Frame Formwork To reduce the risk of injury when erecting and working above single frames by: . The use of formwork systems that utilize placement of soffit decks from the deck below; . Undertaking formwork erection (i.e. frames, bearers, u heads, etc.) from a work platform (i.e. 2 planks) no higher than 2m from the level below or catch decks; . Provide a full catch deck no more than 2m below work area; and . The use of plant for erection procedures i.e. forklifts/crane for erection frames and/or table-forms with handrail, MEWP for high strutting areas of frames . Access stairs to be provided (not ladder access).

6. Deck / Soffit To reduce the risk of injury when working on the deck or soffit: . Progressively provide steel handrails, mid rails and kickboards around completed deck; . No other trades (i.e. electricians, steel fixers, etc.) allowed on the deck till completely secured by fall protection (unless sufficient systems and fall restraint is provided); . All formwork penetrations will be adequately covered and secured. The cover will be highlighted to ensure persons are aware of the penetration below (i.e.-painted white, signage, etc.) and will not be made from plywood. Note: Final slab penetrations will include cast in mesh; and . All loose materials and equipment on the formwork deck must be secured against windy conditions.

7. Stripping/Dismantling To reduce the risk of injury when stripping formwork/false work: . The use of formwork systems that utilize the stripping of formwork from the level below; . Work Platform fully decked no higher than 2m from the ground/level/catch deck; . Provide a catch deck no more than 2m below work area; . Stripping to be carried out in a systematic manner, and were possible in reverse order to erection; . No drop stripping will be tolerated and all materials are to be lower in a controlled manner; and . Stripping area to be suitably barricaded and sign posted.

8. Access Suitable two way access will be provided to all work areas: . Stair access (not ladder) will be provided where persons manually handle tools and materials to work areas; . Secured ladders provided to temporary work areas protruding 1m above platform as a last resort and only where stair access is not achievable; and . Clearly defined and clean access ways, use of barricading and signage to restrict access to unsafe areas or where overhead hazards exist.

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Visual Compliance

Formwork erection from below – the use of mobile Formwork erection from below – access platform scaffolds will depend on the floor to ceiling height

Formwork striking from below – the use of mobile Suitable formwork edge protection scaffold will depend on the floor to ceiling height

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Erection from below with MEWP can be the only viable

option in some instances.

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.3 Frame Erection 7 Sub-Section 1.3.3 Following Works

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Edge protection systems are designed as part of the frame erection process and provide protection for following works (e.g. cladding)

Site considerations for all formwork and frame erection activities include: . During these operations a safe place of work including access & egress must be provided for all operatives. (A ladder used to access a floor, which is being prepared for a pour does NOT constitute safe access). . Transportation of all formwork elements should be done using the correct equipment and exclusion zones should be used where shuttering and other elements are being lifted into position. . Ease of striking should be considered and possible interference with other trades or operations taken into account. . Ease of back propping and removal should also be considered.

For operatives working on boarded out gates, it is important that the decking edge protection is fitted above. To do this the edge protection will be fabricated and secured to a primary or secondary beam at ground / slab level. The unit will then be craned into position and bolted into place. The additional carnage time needed for this process should be noted and allowed for when programming the project. From the now enclosed work platform formed by the boarded out gates the secondary beams can be fitted without the need to use fall arrest PPE and the upper level edge protection fitted as work progresses.

Visual Compliance

Edge protection for following works implementing the Edge Protection System allowing protected cladding permanent solution

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Designed edge protection as part of frame Edge Protection System allowing block works

Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.4 Scaffolds, Temporary Works and Working Platforms 8 Sub-Section 1.4.1 Working Platforms

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Scaffolds, temporary works and working platforms are planned, erected, altered or dismantled by competent persons to ensure the right design and equipment is used for the specific situation.

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All working platforms, irrespective of height, will be adequately assessed for use and that the risk of incident or injury is eliminated during its erection use and dismantling. Guarding should be robust and fit for purpose. Regular inspections are needed to ensure continued suitability for safe use.

Working Platforms may be made from normal tubes or fittings, but are frequently constructed from proprietary components.

1) All temporary works design drawings & calculations to be checked and approved by a professional engineer. 2) Contractors formulate plans detailing the safe methods of work (JSAs/SWMS) for the erection, use and dismantling for all temporary works before the works start and that they are amended whenever impacted by changes. 3) Suitably qualified and competent person(s) conduct inspections of all temporary works associated with the significant risk of life threatening injury, to ensure the integrity of key structural members and that temporary works are constructed in accordance with the design before any loading is applied (where practical). Where the pre-loading checks are undertaken by a competent person from a contractor, quality reviews must be made with another competent person of a representative sample of the temporary works constructed. 4) Temporary works checks are conducted and recorded in alignment with this policy.

* Temporary works which are associated with a significant risk of life threatening injury should be identified through risk assessment and include works which are 3m or greater in height.

NOTE: “Competent” shall be defined as an experienced person meeting local legislature requirements. In countries where there is no local legislature requirement “Competent” shall be defined as a person who has previous “hands on” scaffolding experience and demonstrates an acceptable level of understanding. Competent for inspectors shall be defined as an experienced person within the field who has the authority to close a scaffold and/or understand and authorise alterations or improvements.

Visual Compliance

Scaffold Tag System – Red/Green Fully erected and braced facade scaffold

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.4 Scaffolds, Temporary Works and Working Platforms 9 Sub-Section 1.4.2 Structural Integrity

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: For scaffolds, temporary works and working platforms - all structural members are free from visible defects, the structure is plumb, and adequate cross-bracing is provided. All scaffolds must be stable with sound footings, wheels locked (where fitted) and tied into structure where height/base ratio is greater than 3:1.

To meet this element the following must be followed. . All structural members must be correctly positioned and no unintended eccentricities are present. No tolerances can be exceeded. . No ad hoc solutions to site problems have been incorporated without agreement by the designer and/or the Temporary Works Coordinator. . Pins to adjustable props are of the correct type (no nails or reinforcing bar). Spacing and levels of each lift of lacing members to vertical supports are correct. No props are longer than specified. . All horizontal and diagonal bracing has been fitted in accordance with the drawings, both in location and orientation. Joints in scaffold tension members are adequately constructed. Connections to diagonal bracing are as close to scaffold node/connection points as possible. Connections in scaffold falsework are such that at node points the center lines of the tubes are as close as possible. . Adequate restraint has been provided to prevent sliding and uplift at raking props. . Spanning supports (i.e. timber beams, steel joints, span forms, etc.) are of the correct size, type and quality. There is adequate bearing area under the beams at the supports. Beams are aligned centrally in fork heads and beams are at the correct centers. . Tapered packs have been provided between members and supports of different inclinations to ensure adequate bearing characteristics and member performance. Wedges of the correct type have been used to locate beams in fork heads. All specified web stiffening and lateral restraint has been provided to beams. . Falsework is struck at the appropriate time, in the correct sequence, with adequate back propping.

Manufacturer’s recommendations will specify either the maximum height to which a tower should be erected, or the maximum height to least base ratio for free standing towers. In each case, the height of a tower is that to platform level. For all towers, recommendations for maximum height to base ratio are normally at a ratio of 3:1. Stabilizers, with pad feet or outriggers with castors, may be used to increase the effective base size as illustrated and towers should be positioned to make the effective least base dimension as large as possible and be: . Fully boarded and at least 600mm wide, or at least 800mm wide when used for the deposit of materials. . Protected from tipping or sliding by being properly supported by the use of cleats or other proprietary fittings. . Any trap door or hatch on the platform should be closed when the platform is in use.

The maximum recommended free-standing height for mobile towers is 9.6m, and for static towers, 12m.

NOTE: ALL PERSONS MUST BE REMOVED FROM SCAFFOLD TOWERS PRIOR TO THE TOWER BEING MOVED.

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Visual Compliance

Scaffold with adequate cross bracing Façade scaffolding with mesh protection

Secure scaffold footings Base plates and fixtures

Tower scaffold and locked castors Aluminium mobile scaffold

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.4 Scaffolds, Temporary Works and Working Platforms 10 Sub-Section 1.4.3 Safe Access

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: All scaffolds and working platforms have safe ladder access provided.

Safe ladder access for scaffolds and working platforms have the following elements:

. vertical ladders attached internally to the narrow side. . internal inclined ladders, or inclined stairway, . ladder sections, integral with frame members should be climbed from the inside. . rungs should be no more than 300mm apart and the stiles not more than 480mm apart. . climbing using the horizontal of end frames should not be permitted . stair access that is suitable and safe should be provided where persons manually handle tools and materials to work areas . secured ladders provided to temporary work areas protruding 1m above platform; and . clearly defined and clean access ways, use of barricading and signage to restrict access to unsafe areas or where overhead hazards exist.

Visual Compliance

Tower scaffold access Access into the working area

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Facade scaffold access Temporary scaffold access

Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.4 Scaffolds, Temporary Works and Working Platforms 11 Sub-Section 1.4.4 Complete Decking

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All working platforms are closely planked, free from defective or damaged planks and debris.

All working platforms, whether timber or metal planking, must ensure that:

. Where timber planks are used the planks must be without defect (e.g. not bowed or cracked) and must be placed closely together to ensure that no gaps in the system appear to place workers or materials at risk of falling. Planks must be secured to ensure that no vertical or horizontal movement is possible when persons, plant or equipment use the surface.

. For metal temporary working platforms, all element parts must be installed per the manufacturer’s instructions and securely fastened or interlocked. Defective (cracked, bent or buckled) elements must be discarded and removed from site. The platform must not be used unless all manufacturers’ instructions are AECOM SHE Construction Guidelines (Physical Construction SHE Means and Methods) (S3EMIA-209-ATT2) Revision 0 June 8, 2016 Page 41 of 233

adhered to.

Visual Compliance

Fully planked platform without debris or defects Access platform fully boarded with overhead protection

Metal platform/scaffold with all decking fitted correctly Boarded access deck

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.4 Scaffolds, Temporary Works and Working Platforms 12 Sub-Section 1.4.5 Protected Edges

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: All scaffolds and working platforms have guard rails, mid-rails, and toe boards installed on all open sides of platforms from which people or materials may fall. Where materials may fall over toe boards - netting or fencing is provided. All scaffolds and working platforms require the following fixed or added elements: . Where a guard rail system is required – either in-situ or as an added element – the working platform must have a top rail, mid rail and toe board fitted on all four sides of the platform. . Toe boards must rise at least 150mm above platform level . guardrails must be between 910mm and 1.15m above platform and there should be no vertical gaps between any guardrails or toe board which exceed 470mm. (There should be no gaps below toe boards)

Visual Compliance

Column formwork with three element edge protection Facade scaffold with three element edge protection

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Formwork with three element edge protection plus net Tower scaffold with three element edge protection

Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.5 Penetrations, Risers and Shafts 13 Sub-Section 1.5.1 Lift Shafts

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Openings to lift shafts are fully protected with a secure, full height system preventing unauthorised entry and eliminating the risk of falls of persons or materials. Safe working platforms are provided for all those working in lift shafts.

All elevator shafts will be constructed in such a way as to protect both those carrying out the construction and those below carrying out the installation. All intermediate floors will be fully protected against the egress of materials or personnel. This protection should be tamper proof and suitably restrained.

Openings to lift shafts require the following:

. Full closure from ground level to ensure that no person or materials can fall into the lift shaft. . The enclosing will be tamper proof and will be installed upon striking of the formwork / completion of the shaft walls at each floor level. . The lift stops will be installed first. . All components must be installed from fully boarded working platforms before the installation of the lift car. . The shaft will be under the control of the lift installation company and all access controlled by them under a permit to work system. . The lift shaft will have adequate signage identifying the lift shaft area and inherent dangers.

All Lift Shafts will be protected in accordance with the following specification and during construction will;

. Be provided with a designed wall-to-wall platform at each and every floor level below the level under construction, installed from the bottom up. . Be provided with a full height protection which will be tamper proof and will be installed upon striking of the formwork / completion of the shaft walls at each floor level. . Be provided with lighting at every floor level in accordance with temporary lighting minimum standards. . Be under the control of one named company and all access controlled by a permit to work system. . Have signage indicating this is a lift shaft, etc.….

During installation of the lift equipment;

. The full height protection is to remain in place until the permanent doors are installed and secured. . The lift stops will be installed first.

NOTE: PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR ALL OPENINGS ARE ONLY REMOVED WHEN WORK IS ACTUALLY TAKING PLACE IN OR AROUND THE OPENING AND EFFECTIVE SAFETY MEASURES ARE EMPLOYED TO PREVENT FALLS OF THOSE WORKING ON THEM.

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Visual Compliance

In-situ rebar’s (3 no’s) are cast into core openings In-situ rebar’s still in place even after the safety gates are installed

Locks are provided on the safety gates which can only Safety gates are removed only after the installation of be opened by the authorized people from the main the permanent door contractor and the lift contractor

Use of false car for works inside the lift shaft Lift Shaft Door Protection (Best Practice)

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.5 Penetrations, Risers and Shafts 14 Sub-Section 1.5.2 Penetrations and Risers

How to Comply with the Standard

REQUIREMENT: Penetrations and risers are limited in size and number as far as practicable and have mesh cast in during construction or are fitted with other robust protection such as metal guard rails or covers, which prevent falls through them.

Service shafts and risers will be designed to a minimum size to prevent falls or fall of materials or will be constructed in such a way as to protect both those carrying out the construction and those below carrying out the service installation. All intermediate floors will be fully protected against the egress of materials or personnel. To prevent the falls of persons and materials riser shafts will;

 Be provided with a designed wall-to-wall platform at each and every floor level below the level under construction.  Be provided with a suitable protection to be installed upon striking of the formwork / completion of the riser walls at each floor level.

For floor openings and riser shafts – reinforced meshing will be retained in-situ to provide an in-built mechanism to stop falls (with the mesh being removed when risers are installed). Where possible, risers with a block work enclosed permanent solution in the design should ensure that the block work is sequenced as early as is practically possible to allow a block work parapet of over 1m in height to be formed.

NOTE: PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR ALL OPENINGS ARE ONLY REMOVED WHEN WORK IS ACTUALLY TAKING PLACE IN OR AROUND THE OPENING AND EFFECTIVE SAFETY MEASURES ARE EMPLOYED TO PREVENT FALLS OF THOSE WORKING ON THEM.

Visual Compliance

Horizontal mesh in place before the concreting of Block work parapet wall and catch net slab

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Riser protection with horizontal mesh and three Mesh cast into slab and mesh retained around riser element edge protection

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.5 Penetrations, Risers and Shafts 15 Sub-Section 1.5.3 Floor Openings

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: All floor openings are protected with robust, securely fixed (screwed or bolted - not nailed) and clearly marked covers to prevent the fall of materials or persons through them. The covers do not present a tripping hazard.

1. Holes up to 600mm wide (any length) are to have structural mesh cast across the hole and a flush 20mm ply covering, with a ‘HOLE UNDER’ notice. The mesh only to be cut as needed to allow services to pass. A perimeter square of meshing should remain embedded into slab all the way around the hole where possible. Any edge of the board should be protected and either marked or taped to prevent a trip hazard.

2. Holes 600mm wide - 2m wide (any length) are to have structural mesh cast across the hole and a full decking cover at every floor level, firmly fixed down. The cover must be screwed/bolted into the surrounding surface and not nailed.

3. Holes over 2m wide are to have a double handrail and toe board all round and a personnel and debris net at every second floor across the void.

NOTE: PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR ALL OPENINGS ARE ONLY REMOVED WHEN WORK IS ACTUALLY TAKING PLACE IN OR AROUND THE OPENING AND EFFECTIVE SAFETY MEASURES ARE EMPLOYED TO PREVENT FALLS OF THOSE WORKING ON THEM.

Visual Compliance

Floor plate screwed in Roof openings and protection

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Double handrail with toe board and hole cover (mesh Plated hole cover – marked ‘Do not remove’ with cover)

Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.6 Ladders 16 Sub-Section 1.6.1 Use of Ladders

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: The project team has undertaken a process to minimize the use of all types of ladders and incorporated the use of safer means of working at height (e.g. scissor lifts, scaffold towers and podium steps). All ladders in use must be structurally sound, safely installed and used only as a means of access. Ladders in use must be stable, fit for purpose and use in a safe manner.

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Ladders should be used for access and not as a place of work unless three-points of contact can be maintained. The use of step ladders should be restricted to areas where no suitable alternative (e.g. scissor lifts and podium steps) can be utilized and only for light, short duration work (i.e. lasting less than 10 minutes at a single location).

Ladders, step ladders & extension ladders can only be considered for a place of work if ALL of these requirements are met:

1. All other safer alternatives i.e. MEWP, mobile scaffold, platform steps, podium steps have been considered and deemed “not reasonable” or “not practicable”

2. The task is of a light nature, short duration (i.e. less than 10 minutes) & non repetitive

3. Location cannot be closer than 3m to an additional fall hazard i.e. edge, penetration unless compliant penetration cover is in place OR floor to ceiling protection exists.

Note: A ladder is permitted as a form of access to working decks on platforms/scaffold if there will be no requirement for workers to manually handle tools or material to work area

The following applies when using ladders: . Ladders are only to be used as a means of access from one level to another. . The ladder will project a minimum of 1.05m above the top landing point unless sufficient handholds are provided. . If ladders will rise more than 9 meters in height, suitably guarded and protected intermediate landing platforms must be provided. . Separate provision must be made to avoid carrying materials up or down a ladder. (Stairs, hoist, etc.) . Aluminum ladders are NOT to be used in live switch rooms or where live electrical facilities are present. . Only one person may use a ladder at any time . Ladders must be inspected prior to use and weekly inspections must be conducted and a record kept by a competent person who is able to verify the condition of the ladders. . Ladders should not be subject to any side loading. . Ladders should not be used adjacent to slab edges, voids, and service risers or lift shafts.

Guidance for step ladders includes: . Only use step ladders for short duration light duty work. . Do not use step ladders when a tower scaffold is more suited to the task. . Do not use step ladders where an operative will stand and work at a height over 2m. . Fit and use outriggers when practical (some units now come with permanent out riggers). . Ensure the work platform is at the correct level; do not attempt to fit it to the mid guardrail. . The gate should always be closed when an operative is on the platform. . Work should not be carried out from the steps up to the work platform. . Ensure the wheels are locked and the unit is level. . Do not overstretch, stand on the mid-rail or impose horizontal loads on the unit.

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Visual Compliance

Low tower preferred to step ladders Chariot step ladder

Step ladder for short work only Podium steps preferred to step ladders

Methods of work need to be explored to avoid the use Ladder fixed down.

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of ladders

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 17 Sub-Section 1.7.1 Securing Materials

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All construction materials that might be blown or swept off of roofs, exposed floors or scaffolds are effectively secured when work has ceased and/or high winds are predicted.

. To comply with this element projects fundamentally need to be aware of both the wind speed at the time of work activity and the forecast wind condition from the local bureau of meteorology and any weather alerts issued. . All roofing materials, plant and equipment etc. should be stored / positioned in a way that they cannot fall. . Any materials or plant stored on the roof and which could be dislodged by work activities must be secured to prevent them falling. Items positioned close to any edge or opening require special consideration. . When actual or forecast high winds are experienced it is imperative that construction and packaging materials that could be blown off the building is securely fastened and weighed down where possible. . An essential part of roof work supervision is the final check on the storage arrangements at the end of each shift. This is particularly important when inclement weather is imminent. At the end of each day’s activity any materials that could be blown off the building overnight needs to be either fastened or stored in a suitable area away from the building edge. The item(s) can then be either secured if still exposed to the elements, or stored in an enclosed area. . It is essential all material, particularly sheet material is secured to prevent it being accidentally blown off structures and scaffolds or across the site. This equally applies to sheet material stored at ground level on exposed sites.

Important: Do not attempt to secure materials or scaffolds once danger levels have been reached. If this happens the site must be closed down.

Visual Compliance

Exposed materials covered and secured Formwork deck secured

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 18 Sub-Section 1.7.2 Work around water

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Where water is present - additional measures have been taken to prevent drowning.

Where water is present and work occurs adjacent to water (i.e. in excavations, adjacent to water bodies or for dredging/reclamation) it is essential that a detailed risk assessment is undertaken and further mitigation measures are put into place.

Where practical the area should be de-watered (e.g. for excavations) and substantial barriers to the edge should be provided. In the event of heavy rain all work should cease and a further assessment of the condition of the area must be undertaken before approval is given for any work to re-commence.

Where work is adjacent to a larger body of water suitable training should be undertaken to ensure that ‘man overboard’ recovery is part of the emergency response training. Where feasible, physical barriers must be in place where vehicle, pedestrian or work areas elevated above the water (e.g. revetments, bridges, piers).

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Visual Compliance

Dewatering holes and excavations ‘Man overboard’ training for work within water bodies

Use of life buoys adjacent to watercourses Use of safe access platforms for work over water

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 19 Sub-Section 1.7.3 Loading Platforms

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All loading platforms are assessed before installation and are fitted with guard rails to all sides where people or materials may fall. Compliance with this element requires projects to meet the requirements of the following: . Robust guardrails are required to all sides of loading platforms from which persons may fall. . All loading platforms must be checked to ensure there are no snagging points on them. If snagging points are found the platform must not be used until remedial measures were taken to remove the potential for snagging. . Chains and wire cables are not an acceptable means of guarding the front/exposed edge of loading platforms – guardrails or gate systems (e.g. up and over gates), which provide full fall protection, must be used. . All loading platforms must be approved and signed off for use by a competent engineer before installation to check that they are a robust design and that they can be safely and securely located in the chosen locations by confirming structural integrity, installation and jacking arrangements. . All loading platforms must be checked prior to installation and then weekly by an approved supervisor to ensure adequate edge protection is fitted, smooth surfaces to facilitate the movement of trolleys is provided and maintained, and to check that operatives are aware of safe work procedures and are using the platform correctly. . Loading platforms and carnage should be arranged so that loads can be picked without the need for the guarding to be removed from the end of the platform; . Systems of work on the loading platforms must not rely on the use of harnesses to prevent persons falling – except for specific/unusual operations which have been risk assessed and detailed in a Safe Work Method Statement, are undertaken by trained operatives and carefully supervised.

Visual Compliance

Compliant Loading Platform Compliant Loading Platform

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Proprietary props are marked for movement Compliant Loading Platform identification

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 20 Sub-Section 1.7.4 Mechanical Access Systems

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All mechanical access systems have guarding that is robust and fit for purpose. Restraining harnesses are worn and secured by persons working in MEWPS with articulated booms. All mechanical access systems will be adequately assessed for use, and cannot be adapted without manufacturers’ approval and are used by suitably competent and trained personnel under managed guidelines. Guarding should be robust and fit for purpose. Hoists: Hoists can be categorised as follows: . Goods hoists — used for lifting goods only and must not be used for transporting passengers. . Passenger hoists — suitable for lifting persons and goods.

MEWPS & Scissors Lifts These measures can be summarized as follows: . Minimum clearance distances are to be preserved whenever operating plant and equipment are used in the vicinity of overhead, buried electrical cables and underground gas mains. . Drivers of mobile plant should be provided with well-trained banksmen as necessary. . Drivers should never remain on a vehicle being loaded as falling objects are a risk. If required protective structures/ cabins are to be used. . Drivers should always use the safe means of access to the cab (like ladders, steps, stairs etc.) that should always be provided. . Noise produced by powerful plants should be reduced at source to a minimum. Persons performing work around noisy plant must wear hearing protection, and, where applicable, protective clothing. . All mobile plant should be properly equipped with lights.

All occupants within a ‘cherry picker’ element of a MEWP must wear a restraining harness as a secondary measure of falls protection.

Visual Compliance

Gates for passenger hoists are interlocked Workers in a ‘cherry picker’ with harness

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Additional limit switch must be installed on the flap door Manual bolt device must be installed inside the hoist

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 21 Sub-Section 1.7.5 Rubbish Chutes

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Rubbish chutes and skips/dumpsters used for rubbish disposal (from upper floors) are located and/or fenced off so as to prevent danger to the public and workers.

The chute must be supported vertically along its length to cater for the maximum load which might be carried in the event of a blockage or during excessive wind loading. Details of the building or scaffolding supporting the chute, together with anchorage points (maximum 6m intervals) must be forwarded for approval prior to the installation of the chute.

. The installation, dismantling and use of waste chutes must be in accordance with the manufacturer / suppliers instructions. Only proprietary equipment must be used. On no account must any improvisation during the installation, use or dismantling of any chute be allowed without a formal review process. . The hopper at the upper end of the chute must be located and protected so that operatives using it are not liable to fall from the platform or into the chute and guarded to prevent overspill from falling outside the chute. . A barrier should be erected around the skip to exclude operatives and others from the discharge zone (removable for lorry access). The barrier should also be capable of containing light spillage from the skip e.g. through the use of debris netting. . Suitable steps must be taken to prevent danger from the scatter of material at the bottom of the chute. . The provision of overhead protection and/or physical barriers to prevent access into the discharge zone can provide protection from falling materials. . To avoid a build-up of discharged materials resulting in a blockage, there should be a clear space of approximately one meter below the bottom chute section and the top of the receiving skip or other receptacle. This gap should allow the spread of materials across the skip. . Where there is the potential for materials to be ejected into the street additional controls may be necessary such as more frequent inspections of the system integrity, additional barriers and/or debris netting placed at the site boundary or adjacent to the skip. . If attached to a scaffold, the chute should be subject to an inspection regime consistent with the scaffold inspections. If the chute is not attached to a scaffold it should still be subject to inspections as a minimum on a weekly basis or after any occurrence likely to affect its integrity (e.g. alterations, repairs, blockages or adverse weather.

Visual Compliance

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Rubbish chute affixed to the structure Rubbish chute warning signs

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 22 Sub-Section 1.7.6 Suspended Access

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: All persons working on suspended access (bosun’s chairs/cradles/gondolas/swing stages) must wear and use appropriate independent fall prevention equipment to effectively protect them from any failure of the equipment or suspension system.

. Before permission is given for suspended access equipment to be used all other methods must have been considered and deemed not reasonable practicable for use by undertaking a risk analysis. . The Construction Health & Safety Plan must reflect that permission has been given for suspended access equipment to be used for the task to be undertaken. . In order to prevent the access equipment from falling in the event of a rope failure, the suspension system should include a secondary rope and fall arrest device. Operatives working in the platform should wear a safety harness attached back to a suitable designated anchorage point. . Pendant control cables must be robust and of adequate length for the planned movement of the platform. The control units must be clearly marked so that there is no confusion as to the purpose of the various control buttons and the unit should be designed so as to prevent accidental operation. . Where it is not practical to fit a safety rope each operative must wear a safety harness and lanyard of appropriate length, which is attached back to an independent safety line, secured to a safe anchorage on the structure. . Safe access to the platform must be provided and this is normally at roof or ground level. If access is at roof level only one person at a time is permitted to enter or leave the platform. . Whenever suspended access equipment is in use an exclusion zone should be set up at ground level directly below the equipment. . Only trained and competent operatives are allowed to work from suspended access equipment. The training must be on the equipment they will be using and include control of the equipment, its safety devices and be aware in practical terms of its safe working load. The trained supervisor is to take charge of the raising, lowering and travelling operations and no one else should attempt to move the platform without his authority. . Working platforms should be raised and lowered with care to ensure they remain to near as horizontal as possible and be horizontal when at their working place. . Suspended access equipment must only be used for the purpose for which they were intended. They must never be used for transferring persons from one place to another. . An emergency rescue procedure must be written and understood by all those involved in the work. . When work is being undertaken from the platform or it is left in place between work periods, it should be tied at each end into the building to prevent undue movement. When left in position unattended it must be in a position such that unauthorized persons cannot easily reach the platform, trailing ropes or cables. The electrical control gear must be kept out of reach and effectively isolated. . The supervisor must inspect all of the suspended access equipment as erected before first use and again as each shift starts to confirm that it is all in good order.

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Visual Compliance

Workers harnessed (tied to an independent lifeline) in a Workers harness in a mechanical working platform mechanical working platform (false car)

Exclusion zones are required where cradles are located Anchor points for the independent lifeline

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Physical 1 FALL PREVENTION Element Number Section 1.7 General Precautions 23 Sub-Section 1.7.7 Vertical Access

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Access to general work floors is provided by the full permanent solution where ever possible. Where this is not possible, temporary staircases of adequate width and complete with handrails are provided. The permanent staircase should be built-in as early as possible during the construction phase and poured / installed as the floors are poured. All staircases permanent / or temporary will be provided and protected in accordance with the following minimum standard and will; . Have permanent handrails installed at both sides to provide protection during the construction phase. . Have regularly spaced risers not exceeding 200cm. . Have top guardrails at a minimum height of approximately 100cm, with intermediate rails fitted to prevent excessive gaps. . Have landing platforms protected with appropriate and suitable collective edge protection. . On metal staircases all temporary guardrails must be installed before the stairs is erected or put into position . Where temporary guardrails are provided during construction, these will be located and fixed in a manner, which allows the permanent protection to be installed prior to removal of the temporary protection. . Be provided with sufficient lighting so as to provide a uniform lighting level throughout and to prevent shadows / dark areas . Be kept clean and clear of materials or equipment that obstructs the stairway. . Be regularly inspected at intervals not exceeding 7 days . Where temporary protection is provided, be inspected prior to use and after alteration, repair, adverse weather (external) or periods of use in excess of 7 days. Inspections must be conducted by a competent person and a record kept.

NOTE: STAIRWELL ACCESS WITHIN BUILDINGS MUST ALSO PROVIDE SUITABLE BATTERY POWERED EMERGENCY LIGHTING.

Visual Compliance

Propriety metal access stairs Preferred solution – use of the final design

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Timber stair access Use of external stair access

Use of building internal stairwell with pipe rails, toe Steel stair access board and net

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.1 Site Access Control 24 Sub-Section 2.1.1 Gate Entry

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All locations shall effectively control access to the site/premises to prevent unauthorized persons entering

The access road leading to the main gate ideally should be two-lane with one lane used for vehicles entering, and the other lane for those that are exiting. Deliveries and visitors without passes should be stopped at the guard house or security post at the main or at the various entrances, while vehicles with pre assigned passes should be allowed to go on through. A copy of the site regulation will be provided to visitors. The site regulations will include the site induction, which shall be the responsibility of the contractor being visited.

Near the entrance gate, a map of the site will be displayed to show the color coding for each zone to notify the drivers, and the visitors where they should go. All delivery trucks should be provided with a sketch by their respective clients before going to the site for the guard to be able to know what color of gate pass should be issued to them. If this is not possible, they should be informed at least which zone they should be going.

Visual Compliance

Separate pedestrian (foreground) and vehicle Separate pedestrian and vehicle access and routes (background) access

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Vehicle access with security Vehicle access via security boom gate

Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.1 Site Access Control 25 Sub-Section 2.1.2 Recording of all Persons

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All persons (workers and visitors) entering and leaving the location should be recorded for accounting purposes in emergency situations.

Guard houses and security personnel plus some kind of physical barrier should be provided for each zone gates and will be manned by the site’s designated security services. The guards for each zone gate will be taking note the type of vehicle, plate number, and company of the vehicle entering his area. Only persons with legitimate business will be allowed to enter the site. They will have to accomplish a visitor slip from the main entrance guard, and will be issued with visitor’s pass in exchange of either sighting or retention of personal identification before entering the site (retention of personal identification is either not legal or common practice in some countries). The visitor slip could contain the following: a) The name of person/mobile number b) Company c) Time in/out

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d) Company + person visiting e) Purpose of visit

The person visited should sign the visitor slip before the visitor leaves him/her. The signed slip together with the process of either verification or retention of the visitor’s ID shall be either followed and before leaving the site any personal ID will be returned. If the person to be visited is not in the site, another person in the company must sign it and indicate his designation in the company and mobile number, for checking by the guard when necessary.

An access control system that is computer controlled and efficient for access and egress to the project, together with an entry and exit turnstile is the optimum way of controlling pedestrian entry onto a site. Where computerized access is not in place a manual system of site access control must be in place. The site access should be manned during working hours and the security/access controller’s should carry out the following:

. Guarding security control/pedestrian access point and all material delivery points . Logging number of operatives . Continuous external traffic monitor . Ensuring that the site is controlled and secure with a full knowledge of all personnel at all times . Ensuring that there is no ‘unknown’ presence on site at any time . Restricting access and egress to and from site . Identifying breakdowns in the system immediately should the situation arise . Maintaining a full knowledge of the fire safety plan co-operating in fire procedures with fire marshal . Ensuring that doors are kept closed, controlling issue of keys, signing in/out log for the hoarding entry points, goods and pedestrian, and temporary site accommodation . Securing the site at the end of each working day . Completion and issuing of Daily log sheet, Weekly reports, Vehicle log, Daily site attendance report (if required).

Replacement/additional security operatives are to be available within 24 hours of a request being made.

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Visual Compliance

Manual access and accounting for persons on site Worker provides accreditation for site entry

Issue of visitor card Automated swipe access with manual support

Manual record of all persons on/off site Vehicle and person log conducted at site gate

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.2 Fencing 26 Sub-Section 2.2.1 Site Fencing

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All construction works in the vicinity of members of the public must be fenced off to prevent unauthorized access. All works lasting more than a few hours should erect suitable fencing or hoardings to prevent unauthorized access.

The entire periphery of the site area should always be delimited by suitable temporary protective structures. The fencing will be complete with pedestrian and road access check points. No one will be able to enter without permission or specific authorization from within the site area. The entire area periphery will be equipped with suitable signs stating foreseen instructions by the regulations in force (access forbidden to unauthorized people etc.).

Suitable protection will also be provided for the passage of people, where necessary and required, the parking areas, pedestrian crossings etc.

All temporary works which occur beyond the original project perimeter, or affect major vehicle and pedestrian routes should ensure that suitable fencing or hoarding is provided to provide a suitable barrier to other site operatives and/or members of the public.

The fencing or hoarding should ensure that unauthorized access is prevented. The barrier erected should also address any relevant noise or dust issues to prevent harm to persons in the vicinity of the affected area.

Visual Compliance

Perimeter fence showing site access Perimeter fence

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Perimeter fence Perimeter fence

Short term work in public areas outside of a defined Perimeter fence construction area must be suitably fenced and signed

Re-arrangement of perimeter fence for short term works Barrier fencing for short-term works

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.2 Fencing 27 Sub-Section 2.2.2 Entry Signs

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Access points and site rules should be clearly signed.

Site sign-boards will be suitably determined and installed for:

. The project (to be affixed in correspondence with entrances, and in conformity with provisions of the law) . Directional sign-board outside the site, so as to suitably direct those who have to reach the site (to be agreed with the proposed authority) . Directional and informative sign-boards within the site area, for suitable viability regulations, identifying and separating the pedestrian pathways from vehicles routes . Informative sign-boards in accordance with safety regulations (and in accordance with the various safety plans) . Hydrants and fire extinguishers signs . No smoking signs where necessary, location of areas or particular risks etc. . Logistic plan. . Changeable signs highlighting the ‘Five Top Risks of the Week’

Visual Compliance

Project site rules and signage at entry point Project site rules and signage at entry point

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Visitor requirements at entry point Bi-lingual project site rules and signage at entry point

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.3 Public Protection 28 Sub-Section 2.3.1 Lifting Operations

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: The project must ensure that the public is excluded and/or protected via a suitable physical barrier during lifting operations.

Where activities occur where there is a risk of material falling to a pedestrian area, the primary objective is to create an exclusion zone around the area at risk. All essential measures for work at height must be in place to mitigate the risk of material falling.

Where pedestrian access ways must traverse the area exposed to work above, a protected walkway must be constructed to allow protection for operatives entering or leaving buildings or other exposed areas.

Protected walkways must be constructed of a suitable strong framework and are roofed with material of suitable strength to withstand impact from material falling from above.

Sufficient clear space for the length of the jib involved should always be provided as with other cranes nearby, overlapping of jibs can create a special problem. Jibs and counter jibs might touch and it is essential, therefore, to have a height differential. Consideration should also be given to the proximity of other structures, buildings, houses, (including the possible violation of their air space); Public access areas like highways should always be checked with the owners or appropriate local Utility. Access to the working area during the lifting and moving operation should be restricted to those involved in the work at hand. The work area should be delineated and, where appropriate, process plant etc. which may create risk should be isolated; also road closure may be necessary. Care should he taken to ensure that, prior to erection of any large crane, air traffic control authorities, both civil and military are consulted.

Visual Compliance

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Public protection from lifting operations Public protection from lifting operations

Worker on-site protection from lifting operations Public protection from lifting operations

Public protection from lifting operations and façade work Protected access path

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.3 Public Protection 29 Sub-Section 2.3.2 Public Interface

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Projects must provide suitable protection to public pedestrians and motor vehicle users when vehicle movements into/out of and within the site are occurring. Projects must keep public walkways and roadways clean and free of construction-related hazards or materials at all times (except for cordoned-off areas).

Vehicles entering and leaving the construction site provide a significant risk regarding striking public, site personnel and other vehicles. Precautions undertaken include:

. Adequate signage indicating the entry of a construction site and informing members of the public and non-site-related vehicles not to enter. . Security/traffic marshals to control incoming and outgoing vehicles where the construction site has a significant interface with a major road thoroughfare (e.g. with stop/go boards). . Designated gate numbers and one-way system where possible. . All pedestrian access and egress through site pedestrian gate only. . Hoarding/fencing erected around the project to prevent access to the general public. . Site gates closed at all times when not in use. . Crossing points with public roads should ensure that suitable lines of sight are established to ensure that public vehicles and sight vehicles can clearly see each other when entering or leaving the site.

Persons who operate items of plant and machinery in any work environment must be competent to do so. This is particularly important where the equipment is used in close proximity to pedestrians and other road users. The project team will make checks on the certification of any person engaged in such works activities.

Given the potential for rapidly changing geography and work areas, the workforce may have to be re-briefed at the start of each shift, or even during a shift, on any significant changes in the risks. Vehicle and pedestrian access routes should be cleaned, maintained free of pot holes and constructed of either of a temporary or permanent hard surface.

No construction materials, waste or for use, should block or impede vehicle and pedestrian routes inside or outside of the side. Site vehicles likely to contain significant mud or dirt must have their wheels cleaned prior to entering public roads. All loads should be covered and/or sufficiently secured and tied down prior to leaving site.

Wherever public pedestrian routes are impeded due to construction the following collective measures must be in place: . A suitable pedestrian detour must be in place. Where the detour brings pedestrians closer to vehicle traffic, a physical barrier must be in place (e.g. concrete or water-filled barrier) to protect pedestrians from potential vehicle incursions. . Pedestrian crossing points created due to the construction activity must be suitably marked and with traffic lights or special pedestrian crossing points created to ensure that pedestrians have signaled or ongoing right of way. . If the pedestrian path is on the site boundary – there must be sufficient public protection at the site boundary – including covered walkways where there is an actual risk identified of fall of materials at the pedestrian/site interface.

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. Adequate signage must be in place highlighting warnings of the changed pedestrian and/or road conditions visible to either pedestrians or vehicles.

Visual Compliance

Vehicle wash to stop mud entering public roads Erection of hoardings to mitigate debris to public areas

Barriers and signage set back from public roads Alternate pedestrian path

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Pedestrian ‘STOP’ gates for traffic movements in retail Covered and enclosed alternate pedestrian path or busy pedestrian areas.

Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.3 Public Protection 30 Sub-Section 2.3.3 Public Health

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: The project will employ effective environmental health measures in the public interest to ensure dust, noise and vibration control measures are employed to meet legislative requirements.

All projects have an obligation to minimize any environmental impacts, particularly those related to environmental health and affecting both workers and the public.

Each project should have an environmental aspects & impacts section of part of the overall project risk assessment. The register, and associated mitigation measures, should be created at the commencement of a new project, and reviewed where:

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. There are changes in activity on a project . Complaints have been received . New legislation has been issued . Other requirements are issued by the client . The Environmental Policy is updated . Project Reviews show that environmental aspects have not been correctly identified

In the first instance projects must comply with environmental regulations governing the project. Hours of work and the times in which particular activities are undertaken should be schedules to minimize public disturbance.

. Where necessary, noise mitigation measures such as acoustic barriers must be employed should noise levels exceed legislative requirements. . If construction activity is providing a source of airborne dust, water carts should be used to wet affected areas to control dust (where practical).

Visual Compliance

Acoustic barriers to address extreme noise issues Water cart to eliminate excess dust migration adjacent to public areas

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.4 Pedestrian and Vehicle Safety 31 Sub-Section 2.4.1 Separate Access

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Separate site entrance/exit points for pedestrians and vehicles will be established to keep them apart.

To avoid pedestrian-vehicle conflict at site entry points, provision will be created to ensure that separate vehicle and pedestrian access points exist.

. Pedestrian access will be via either an electronic access point, or via a manual sign-in with a security watch house or booth. . Vehicle access will be via a guarded access point where site entry is not possible without manual or automatic movement of vehicle barriers. All vehicle occupants must be suitably signed-in prior to proceeding into the site. . Access points for pedestrians and vehicles will be established to ensure that there is no conflict and risk of pedestrian injury.

For large and/or remote projects where pedestrian access into the site is not required, vehicle only access points are sufficient.

The issue of pedestrian/vehicle separation must be included as part of the induction process to ensure that all workers and visitors are aware of pedestrian routes, and that drivers and plant operators are aware of their responsibilities.

Visual Compliance

Separate pedestrian and vehicle access points Separate pedestrian and vehicle access points

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.4 Pedestrian and Vehicle Safety 32 Sub-Section 2.4.2 Pedestrian/Vehicle Segregation

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Physical and/or visible barriers (e.g. guard rails, traffic cones) should be used to segregate pedestrians and vehicles along common access areas. Pedestrian crossing points must be provided across vehicle routes to access main work areas.

Segregation of pedestrians from vehicle movement areas by installing a physical barrier between walkways and traffic routes. Ensure adequate lighting and good visibility is provided at access points and any other crossing points. . Where vehicles are required to cross walkways then there may be a need to provide sufficient responsible persons to manage the pedestrians. Warning signs must be displayed to inform pedestrians of any risks. . Ensure that visiting drivers are made aware of the site layout and rules. . Where possible provide clear unrestricted visibility to access routes. . Vehicle and pedestrian access routes should be cleaned, maintained free of pot holes and constructed of either of a temporary or permanent hard surface. . Where possible plan for a one way system or any other method to reduce the need for vehicles reversing. . When planning vehicle routes consideration should be given to avoid sharp bends, narrow gaps, overhead obstructions, steep gradients and adverse cambers. . Close proximity of routes to shafts, holes, excavations, wells and water hazards should be avoided. . Protection should be provided to any permanent or temporary structures such as scaffolds and false work which might be damaged and made unsafe if struck by a vehicle. . Where overhead cables cross or are in close proximity to trafficked routes then protection must be provided. . All reversing vehicles should have warning lights and alarms in good working order. A competent banksman should be in place to control the vehicle and he must ensure that he is in constant communication with the driver and should not put himself at risk by standing directly behind a reversing vehicle. A designated clear access route for emergency vehicles should be established with procedures to ensure unobstructed passage can be maintained. . A banksman wearing a high visibility jacket/vest must be provided where vehicles are reversing in the proximity of pedestrians.

Crossing Points . Where pedestrian routes must cross site vehicle routes to access work, office or welfare facilities, suitable pedestrian crossing points must be created.

. Signs for both vehicles and pedestrians MUST highlight dangers and also prescribe whether the vehicles or pedestrians have the right of way.

. All pedestrian crossings must have segregated pedestrian access points at either side of the crossing.

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Visual Compliance

Suitable pedestrian/vehicle segregation Suitable pedestrian/vehicle segregation

Suitable pedestrian/vehicle segregation Suitable pedestrian/vehicle segregation

Pedestrian crossing point Pedestrian crossing point

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.4 Pedestrian and Vehicle Safety 33 Sub-Section 2.4.3 Hazard Notification

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: Signs and/or lights, fences and barricades must be in place to inform drivers and pedestrians of hazards and precautions.

. Each project must have arrangements external to the site to guide vehicles/pedestrians to the correct entrances and to advice of potential hazards, and the provision of public protection from vehicles (where necessary, e.g. where loading/off-loading can only be done from the public highway).

. Upon entry to the site and within the site – signs and maps must be clearly marked and visible identifying hazards and directions around the site.

. Areas of no stopping or parking must be clearly marked or barriers in place to prevent pedestrian or vehicle incursions.

. Where access at night is required, suitable lighting must be provided at entry and pedestrian-vehicle interface points.

. Where hazards and warning signs are not illuminated, flashing lights should be in place to ensure that pedestrians and vehicle are aware that there is a hazard.

Visual Compliance

Logistic plan highlighting access for traffic and Two-way traffic on site should be segregated pedestrians

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Changed traffic conditions with traffic signalers Site signage and changed traffic conditions

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.4 Pedestrian and Vehicle Safety 34 Sub-Section 2.4.4 Parking

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Parking areas for different kinds of vehicles, (e.g. delivery trucks kept separate to private vehicles) must be created for the project.

Contractors’ Car Parking . Contractor’s car parks will be established within or close to the development. These will be available to all the contractors. No cars will be allowed to park on the construction zones site access roads. Any vehicle parked on the site access roads should be towed away. . For large sites where contractor’s offices and parking areas are located within the site – routes to site offices must be clearly marked and parking along access routes must be marked as prohibited. 1.1.1 Heavy Equipment on Site . Contractor’s equipment deployed full time could be provided with an equipment tag bearing the zone colour where it is working. This tag should never be removed while the equipment is on the site. Heavy equipment include excavators, loaders, bulldozers, dump trucks, cargo trucks, pick-ups, steel rollers, mobile lifting equipment, cranes and the likes. Tracked equipment on asphalt roads not allowed without the protection measures. . Equipment used to carry out duration works within the site should be provided with tags/pass bearing the colour for the zone it is intended to work. The company should apply for this tag/pass before the equipment is mobilized on site. Plant and equipment attempting to enter the site without the said tag/pass will not be allowed to enter. . All vehicles arriving at site must check in at the security where they will be issued with a copy of the site rules for delivery drivers. These must be returned to security prior to leaving the project.

Visual Compliance

Designated onsite parking area External staff car park

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Site office staff car park (reverse parking required) External staff car park

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.4 Pedestrian and Vehicle Safety 35 Sub-Section 2.4.5 Deliveries

How to Comply with the Standard

REQUIREMENT: Delivery procedures and storage arrangements (including crane loading areas) must be detailed and communicated. To avoid reversing risks a one-way traffic system should be used. Where unavoidable trained traffic signalers must be used to control vehicle movements in confined or congested areas.

Deliveries and Vehicle Movement A strict procedure for controlling trucks arriving to deliver construction materials to the construction site will be enforced including strict adherence to the use of the temporary access road and interior haul road. Control should be via a simple delivery booking system and a truck holding area.

All delivery trucks shall be accompanied by a delivery note that must detail:

. Location plan of construction area to which the material are to be delivered and routing plan to reach the location . Consignee (contractor receiving materials) . Name of onsite contract person with telephone number . Intended offloading location . Driver’s security pass and vehicle number.

All equipment and materials shall be delivered directly to the contractor’s laydown/staging areas for each main construction zone.

It is sometimes necessary to provide a truck holding area where large volumes of trucks and truck movements are expected. The lane which is closer to the security check at the guard post / site entrance could serve as the truck lane and the truck holding area. All trucks that do not have the proper pass shall remain along this lane; however, trucks with gate passes should be allowed to go through.

All trucks entering the development construction zone, except muck away (excavation spoil), cement, sand, aggregates and waste removal trucks, will be required to proceed to a truck holding area on arrival. The driver will park his vehicles and report to the guard post or security cabin.

Trucks carrying sand, aggregate, and cement may proceed directly to concrete supply and/or batching plants by agreed routes. The areas for the batching plants would be indicated within the site logistics drawing, as appropriate.

Prior to commencing export of excavation spoil; the contractor shall agree with the Resident Engineer a procedure for controlling muck away trucks. When necessary, parking/waiting space in a traffic holding area will be provided from where the contractor shall call forward trucks.

Waste removal trucks shall proceed direct to construction sites.

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Small pick-up trucks and vans shall be allowed to proceed direct to construction sites assuming they have the requisite entry passes. However, only personal cars of approved senior staff shall be allowed to proceed to the consultants and contractors office areas. Visitors will be required to have advised attendance in advance. A notification is to be sent by the contractors to the gatehouse advising of the visitor attendance.

One Way System . Where possible, a one-way system around a site should be used to eliminate the need for vehicle reversing wherever possible. . All reversing vehicles should have warning lights and alarms in good working order. A competent banksman should be in place to control the vehicle and he must ensure that he is in constant communication with the driver and should not put himself at risk by standing directly behind a reversing vehicle. A designated clear access route for emergency vehicles should be established with procedures to ensure unobstructed passage can be maintained. This procedure is compulsory where vehicles interface with other vehicles, pedestrians, traffic barriers, infrastructure and hazards such as excavations. . A banksman wearing a high visibility vest must be provided where vehicles are reversing in the proximity of pedestrians.

Visual Compliance

Map detailing site traffic routes, delivery and lay down areas

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Installed fall protection on the delivery trucks Installed fall protection on the delivery trucks

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.5 Operator Competence 36 Sub-Section 2.5.1 Operator Requirements

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All vehicle operators must be competent (certified/licensed) to operate the plant and vehicles they are assigned and records of operator competency must be available at all times. Drivers (and passengers) must wear seat belts and mobile phones are not to be used on site.

Competence . Contractors must ensure drivers are trained and competent to use the specific vehicle they are required to operate. An inspection of the driver’s license and relevant permits if necessary could be undertaken to establish plant categories for which training has been provided. The employer should retain a copy for record purposes, and should check with training providers to ensure that cards are valid. . If there is any doubt regarding a person’s eligibility to operate or drive any form of transport or to the validity of its license, registration or insurance cover the vehicle must not be used and further advice must be sought from the safety department. . All machine operators are required to prove their qualification by producing a valid operator license / industry ticket / 3rd party certification which meets all local legislation. . For countries that do not require, nor offer, a formal qualification for machine operators; operators are to have a minimum of 2 years’ experience using that particular type of machine/equipment (confirmed by the employing contractor) and Contractor is to verify competence prior to the operator commencing on site. . All vehicles, plant and equipment in use should ensure that they are parked and stabilized as per the manufacturer’s instructions when the nature of the work requires fixed operations. . When vehicles are being loaded/unloaded the vehicle must have its engine switched off. Only when the engine is required to operate self-loading equipment, or in the event of extreme weather conditions, is it possible for the engine to remain running during loading or unloading. . All loads must be adequately fastened for any load carrying vehicles into or out of the site.

Seat Belts . All persons operating plant and equipment on site must wear a seat belt at all times. . Passengers of any vehicle on site, regardless of the purpose of the site presence, must wear a seat belt. . No person should ride a vehicle as a passenger on site unless seating and a seat belt is provided and unless the operator is authorized to carry passengers on site.

Mobile Phones . Mobile phones must not be used by persons operating plant and equipment on site. . Operators using mobile phones can only do so if the plant or vehicle is switched off and is parked in an authorized area for that particular piece of plant or equipment. . Operative who continue to use their mobile phone whilst operating plant or equipment and who have been previously warned should be removed from the site.

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Visual Compliance

Vehicle operator’s license to operate and certificate of All plant and equipment operators must wear seat belts competency on site

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.6 Powered Mobile Equipment 37 Sub-Section 2.6.1 Mobile Equipment Requirements

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Regular checks by competent persons must be carried out and recorded to ensure all mobile equipment and vehicles are maintained in a safe condition fitted with effective brakes, horn, lights, reflectors, seat belts, visibility aids and visual or audible warning systems.

. During pre-construction review, projects to consider type and application of any powered mobile equipment is suitable for the chosen application and conforms to any site restriction. . Sites should enforce the need for mobile plant to conduct pre start check lists every day or after any extended period where the plant was not in use. . Prior to plant and equipment arriving on site the subcontractor and / or supplier shall provide certification of all project major plant and equipment by a qualified mechanic / technician and in some instances plant and equipment may require that further certification where the configuration of can be altered ( i.e. cranes, hoists, etc. ). Documentation should also include documentation to certify the compliance of the plant and equipment to relevant Standards, Legislation, Manufacturers specifications and be in a safe and serviceable condition. . All mobile plant which enters site must be inspected by a competent member of the site team, particulars of the vehicle taken on plan form, signed by the operator, and a site specific sticker/card emblem attached to that vehicle. . A plant entering site for work purposes must carry a copy of the operator’s manual, a hazard id register for the plant, and all books supplied by the manufacture with regards to maintenance requirements. . All excavator style mobile plant must have a secondary lockout mechanism where any attachments can be applied to the base structure, e.g. manual insertion of lock out pins. . All operators/suppliers of mobile plant to supply documentary evidence of maintenance regime. Copies of all documents to photocopied and filed in the relevant section of the safety management system. . All mobile plant when inspected must to of a high standard with no visual defects. Proof of flashing lights, reverse lights, reverse beepers, mirrors, windscreens to be conducted, regardless of non-road use compliance. . All emissions from mobile plant are to conform to relevant environmental regulations regarding emission standards. . All mobile plant is to be used strictly in accordance with the design manufactures specifications, no modification are to be made without manufactures written permission or direction. . All plant hire companies and independent contractors must provide maintenance records to the site prior to works. The maintenance records must be in line with the manufactures recommendations’ for all maintenance required for that piece of plant. . All ramps on site need to be constructed to the width and incline to suit all vehicles that will use them. i.e. width of ramps should be sufficient to ensure adequate clearance either side to prevent any slippage or subsidence. Ramps should generally be minimum 1:8 incline. . All edges must be protected where equipment is being used to prevent driving off that edge. . Suitably authorized persons will conduct random checks to ensure site equipment is maintained in a safe condition and maintained in accordance with the contractors own requirements, and against the specifications put out by the manufacturers. . Any vehicle that is deemed unfits for use – or if a lack of certainty exists about the equipment – will be removed from service and requested for repair and/or replacement. . All vehicles must have up to date log books confirming that they are fit for the task to be performed. . The time for the next inspection must be clearly marked on the inspection documentation. . Apart from functional elements required to perform the required task, powered vehicles need to ensure that brakes, horns, lights, reflectors, seat belts and visibility aids (such as reversing mirrors), as well as visual and/or auditable warning systems are in place.

Visual Compliance

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Scissor lift with protection cage Mobile crane with outrigger pads in place

Complete mast climber –Adequate exclusion zones should be established

Operator proof of competency must be available where Manufacturer’s instructions must be followed at all times required by law.

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.7 Housekeeping 38 Sub-Section 2.7.1 Housekeeping Crew

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All contractors will contribute toward effective housekeeping via their own workforce or by having a dedicated service gang.

On construction sites, housekeeping issues are ever-present but are rarely unavoidable. However the potential for persons slipping and tripping as a result of poor housekeeping is foreseeable and therefore any consequential accidents are avoidable.

The progressive cleaning gang must have sufficient number of operatives to be responsible for:

. Emptying and re-sitting of wheelie bins to floor area . Cleaning of general areas, floors and access emergency escape routes on a daily basis . Re-sitting of materials, as directed by the construction manager

General site requirements include: . Sufficient bins are available for each trade contractor at each work face to cope with debris arising . Bins are emptied/changed immediately they are full . Trade contractors move their bins to prescribed point on each floor . The construction manager is informed immediately the procedures are not adhered to . Adequate brushes, brooms, shovels, heavy duty refuse bags, vacuum cleaners etc., are available at all times, i.e. one set per operative . Supply of waste containers over and above the wheeled bin system . No stock piling of rubbish will be permitted.

Visual Compliance

Dedicated service gangs are responsible for the neat stacking of materials, and removal of debris or hazards

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.7 Housekeeping 39 Sub-Section 2.7.2 Access Routes

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All main access ways, emergency routes and passage ways (including basements and stairwells) must be clearly lit marked and kept free from obstructions and debris to reduce the risk of trips and slips. Any place where work is carried out should be safe and free of risks to health and safety at all times. This includes access to and egress from the workplace and is particularly relevant to the construction industry. Access ways must be clearly delineated by marker barriers external to any building. Where required within structures, pedestrian access ways should also be clearly defined to avoid persons entering specific work areas. Emergency routes must be clearly signed and marked so that any worker or visitor can readily locate and follow the signs and lighting provided. All access ways must not have debris and this should be routinely checked on a daily basis. Any obstructions must be cleared with immediate effect and not delayed until the end of a shift. Emergency lighting should be best achieved by linking into the temporary lighting system with strategically placed battery operated fluorescent tubes or bulkhead fittings providing a minimum 3 hour performance. Emergency lighting systems should be inspected weekly and the results entered in a register.

Visual Compliance

Access way marked and free of material and trip Good housekeeping keeping main thoroughfare clear hazards

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Secondary vehicle access points to remain clear of Access ways clearly marked on the floor materials

Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.7 Housekeeping 40 Sub-Section 2.7.3 Material Storage

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All materials must be safely stacked, away from fences and hoardings, and located to minimize re-handling and reduce transport distances.

Logistics and housekeeping arrangements relating to material delivery and storage have the following responsibilities: . Maintaining cleanliness of the site areas, site access and egress routes and storage areas to the satisfaction of the projects management team. . Maintaining cleanliness of common user access areas and escape routes. . Maintaining cleanliness of public interface areas including adjacent operational areas (dust/dirt caused from construction activities), head of stand areas, airside roads, areas within the terminal and pier open to the public. . The team will be required on a daily basis to liaise with all the various trades to ensure the smooth flow of all materials to a designated point of use. The point of use will be defined as an area close to where the materials will actually be installed. The materials to be handled will be defined on a matrix developed by the construction management team.

. All equipment and materials shall be delivered directly to the contractor’s laydown/staging areas for each main construction zone. A strict procedure shall be enforced such to avoid double handling and that equipment and material deliveries are planned in advance.

Visual Compliance

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Storage of material neatly away from site boundary Material neatly stored and clear access routes

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.7 Housekeeping 41 Sub-Section 2.7.4 Sharp Objects

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Risks of cuts and punctures from sharp objects such as protruding nails and reinforcement bars should be assessed and controlled.

The risk of cuts on site must be assessed and mitigation measures in place to control sharp objects.

To meet this objectives the following measures must be undertaken: . Exposed ends of reinforcement bars must be capped with ‘rebar caps’ or with constructed timber covers . Waste timber must not be left with exposed nails in any location where persons can come into contact with the ends. . Any sharp metal edges from plates or sheets must be covered, marked or filed back. . All broken glass must be cleaned immediately. . Gloves must be worn by operatives handling metal or glass objects and also when timber is handled.

Visual Compliance

Re-bar caps should be placed on exposed edges Re-bar caps should be placed on exposed edges

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Supplies of re-bar caps should be readily available Protruding nails should be removed or hammered down

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.7 Housekeeping 42 Sub-Section 2.7.5 Warning Signs

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Signs are posted where necessary to provide clear instructions – No Smoking, No Entry, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), etc. Pictorial and multi-language signs must be used to overcome worker language issues.

Signage must be present around site to ensure all workers and visitors are aware of hazard and emergency issues. Key sign requirements include: . Pictorial and multi-language signs to overcome worker language issues . Provide clearly signed escape routes and illuminated exit signs . Escape corridors/routes must be a minimum of 1.5m wide, be signed, provided with emergency lighting, and kept free of debris, storage, flammables, etc. . Clearly sign all escape routes and staircases (Escape corridors/routes must be a minimum of 1.5m wide, be signed, provided with emergency lighting, and kept free of debris, storage, flammables, etc.) . Clearly indicate assembly point . Fire point sign must be at a height readily seen above stored materials etc . Display warning signs on bins, cages, bunds and stacked flammables . Display signs for Highly Flammable Liquids – No Smoking and No Naked Flame . Signs should be inspected weekly, with results and action items kept in a project register.

Visual Compliance

Type of sign General hazards sign

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PPE specific signs Example sign

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Physical 2 LOGISTICS Element Number Section 2.7 Housekeeping 43 Sub-Section 2.7.6 Waste Management

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Waste must be effectively managed by minimization, segregation and recycling, and performance monitored and recorded.

Each project site should have a waste management plan in place. A qualifying waste management plan (WMP) is a project/site specific plan that includes as a minimum:

. An action plan . Requirements for monitoring and reporting of: - Total waste generated (m³) a - Waste reused and recycled (m³) education and awareness . Periodic reviews/audits . A waste reduction (recycling/reuse) target.

The project team should encourage all contractors to maintain a stringent set of guidelines to control the amount of construction waste and debris disposed in a landfill. Each company will be responsible for communication between field personnel and subcontractors regarding minimization requirements during internal weekly construction meetings.

All vendors and their suppliers should be encouraged to minimize the packaging for materials and equipment. Packing materials should be selected based on whether they can be recycled on this project. This request will be communicated through project meetings, weekly subcontractor meetings, written correspondence and through the project waste management team that is made up of contractor representatives.

The project will require a logging of specific types of waste removed from site each day and the proportion of such materials.

Visual Compliance

Waste separation and recycling for site offices Labelled bins for separate construction waste materials

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Secure waste collection areas of hazardous materials Segregated waste collection areas on each floor

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.1 Pre-Planning 44 Sub-Section 3.1.1 Underground Services

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All underground services (electricity, gas, etc.) must be located and marked before excavation works commence as part of a permit to conduct ground works process.

Existing electrical installations will often be present on the site before the contract commences, in the form of overhead lines, or underground cables. A survey should always be conducted before work commences to determine the position and nature of such installations and the results recorded and kept on site. The electricity supplier should always be contacted for help and advice.

Note: No work must be carried out on any live cable, or so near as to cause danger, unless it is not practicable to make the cable dead and all necessary precautions are taken to ensure safety.

A Services Coordinator must be appointed by the Contractor at the earliest stages of involvement of any project to ensure that all necessary actions are taken to obtain adequate information regarding the location and nature of buried services. This information must be communicated to all necessary personnel including AECOM and Construction Supervision’s staff, sub-contractors and others, and an excavation permit system must be fully implemented.

Safe digging techniques must be employed and the location of new services must be accurately recorded and best practice techniques such as tracing tapes or other devices should be used to aid future tractability and help avoid strikes.

Before work commences the project team must consider/review the location of all buried services with regards to the building process and determine:

• Services which may be damaged due to imposed construction (i.e. vehicle / carriage loads), and • Services which may be damaged by adjacent works, adjacent excavations or removal of ground supporting structure(s).

Plans and details to divert or protect these services must then be put in place, where appropriate consulting the relevant service authorities and temporary works department. These plans must be regularly reviewed services information available develops and as work progresses.

Excavation works will only be carried out under a Permit to Excavate system. A copy of the permit will must be retained in the cab of the excavator where mechanical excavation is used or by the supervisor of the works where hand digging is carried out. Prior to the works starting all operatives / plant operators involved must be briefed regarding the method statement / risk assessment and the contents of the Permit to Excavate.

During the excavation process works must immediately stop and further guidance be obtained if any variance from the expected location of services or other conditions is found.

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Visual Compliance

CAT scanning

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.1 Pre-Planning 45 Sub-Section 3.1.2 Temporary Works Inspections

How to Comply with the Standard

REQUIREMENTS: Checks should be made to ensure the structural integrity of temporary works.

Compliance with the AECOM Policy and Ensuring the Integrity of Temporary Works includes:

. Design drawings and calculations of all temporary works which are associated with a significant risk of life threatening injury* should they fail, must be validated by suitably qualified and experienced professional engineers before they are constructed. . Checks must be made to ensure the integrity of key structural members and that temporary works are constructed in accordance with the design before loadings are applied (where practical). . Safe methods of work must be devised and followed for the installation, loading and removal of temporary works.

Action Required: All construction projects must implement measures to ensure that: 1) All temporary works design drawings and calculations have been checked and approved by a professional engineer. 2) Contractors formulate plans detailing the safe methods of work (JSAs/SWMS) for the erection, use and dismantling for all temporary works before the works start and that they are amended whenever impacted by changes. 3) Suitably qualified and competent person(s) conduct inspections of all temporary works associated with the significant risk of life threatening injury, to ensure the integrity of key structural members and that temporary works are constructed in accordance with the design before any loading is applied (where practical). Where the pre-loading checks are undertaken by a competent person from a contractor, quality reviews must be made by a competent Contractor Manager of a representative sample (between 10 – 20% depending on risk: can be less for low risk repetitive works) of the temporary works constructed.

Note: Temporary works which are associated with a significant risk of life threatening injury should be identified through risk assessment and include works which are 3m or greater in height.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.1 Pre-Planning 46 Sub-Section 3.1.3 Piling

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: All piling works should be planned and carried out to reduce exposure of workers to falling into openings and injury through contact with plant. All piling operations must be under the control of a competent person appointed by the Contractor. The piling contractor must produce a detailed safe work method statement including proposed safe systems of work which must be agreed by the appointed person prior to work commencing on site. The assessment of risk must consider the following simple factors in connection with the sheet piling process: . How the piles are held in position during driving, . How the piles are to be threaded, . How the first pile is secured whilst the second is threaded, . The overall scheme to devise a system to prevent the falls of persons and materials. Prior to starting work, the contractor should conduct a search of existing drawings, and physically on the ground to ensure that all underground services in the area should be located and rendered safe. Cranes and/or piling rigs must be selected and used in accordance with legal requirements. Records of thorough examination must be held for all lifting appliances and gear, which must be adequate for the job, paying particular attention to the risk of damage to gear by sharp edges. Piling machine operators must be trained, competent, and must wear appropriate PPE. Ear and eye protection must be provided and worn where necessary. When piling from a pontoon or adjacent to water, personnel should wear life jackets. Rescue equipment (e.g. a safety boat and Iife buoys with lifelines attached) must be kept ready for immediate use and enough men must know how to use it. The exclusion zone must be clearly marked with a high visibility barrier and warning signs and be clearly indicated on a plan in the method statement. When splitting bundles of sheet piles, chocks should be used. Piles should not be stacked too high or in a cantilever position. Spacers and chocks should be used where necessary. Spoil from boreholes should be kept clear of access to the borehole which, after completion, should be fitted with a cover or other suitable protection. As an alternative to a cover, it is common practice to back fill or to leave the auger in the borehole. Persons are not permitted to enter any borehole less than 750mm in diameter. Where it is necessary for any person to enter a borehole, special precautions must be taken. It must be ensured that no toxic or flammable substance/gas is present in the borehole and that the air is fit to breathe. Where necessary, a proper ventilation system or suitable breathing apparatus must be provided. No person should remain in the hole for more than one hour at a time. Pile helmets or crowns must be well constructed, strong enough and free from defect. Should packing or spacers be needed, they should be drilled, tapped and screwed to secure in place, and then welded. Any access ramp used by piling rigs must be constructed from well compacted crushed brick/ concrete hardcore or similar material. The maximum gradient permitted for the ramp is 1:12 and the minimum width is to be the width of the rig plus 1.0m each side. The sides of the ramp must be battered to an angle of 30° to the horizontal.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.2 Stability 47 Sub-Section 3.2.1 Shoring

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENTS: Excavations should be shored or battered back/sloped to a safe angle as determined and assessed by a competent person. All excavation works must be conducted under the supervision of a trained / competent person from the Contractor, and a ‘Permit to Excavate’ system must be used, the extent of which will be agreed at the pre-start safety meeting. Before commencement of any excavation works, service drawings must be examined and the area checked for any services by a trained person. Any known services must be identified, marked, and if necessary trial holes dug by hand to locate the services. Safe digging practice must be exercised at all times.

Only trained persons under the supervision of a competent person may carry out any excavation or support works. All excavations must be inspected by a competent person:- . At the start of any shift, before any person carries out work. . After any event likely to have affected the strength or stability of the excavation. . After any accident fall of rock, earth or similar material.

Taking into account the above factors the appropriate method of support can be made: . Battering back sides of excavation to a suitable angle. . Timber framing. . Horizontal sheeting. . Sheet piling. . Trench box . Drag box . Hydraulic shoring system. . Grouting or freezing system.

Visual Compliance

Battering of excavations Terracing of material for pipe laying excavations

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Vertical shoring and bracing Timber Frame shoring for manhole excavations

Hydraulic Shoring System Sheet piling for major excavations

Trench box system Waling support

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.2 Stability 48 Sub-Section 3.2.2 Fall Protection

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Where persons, plant and/or materials could fall into excavations, pits and holes – or where the collapse of the excavation sides is a risk – barriers or edge protection is provided and all edges are sloped to suitable gradients where necessary. Guarding of excavations protection against falls includes the following elements: . Where a person may fall more than 2m, suitable barriers must be erected, but it is sensible to erect barriers even for quite shallow excavations where anyone falling may come to harm. . Barriers should also serve to keep materials, plant and equipment away from the edges of an excavation. . Barriers may be removed to permit access of men, plant and equipment, etc., but should be replaced. . During darkness, the edges of an excavation should be marked with hazard warning lights, especially where they are close to public thoroughfares. . Where excavation work is carried out on the roads all necessary and appropriate barricades and warning notices shall be erected. . Where vehicles are used for tipping materials into an excavation, safety measures such as well anchored stop blocks should be used to prevent the vehicle overrunning the edge. . These must be placed at a sufficient distance from the edge to avoid the danger of it breaking away under the weight of vehicles. . Excavations must be inspected by an experienced and competent person, before work starts, at least once a day, and before each shift. Excavations must be thoroughly examined weekly (every seven days) and after substantial damage by a Contractor competent person.

Mechanical excavators pose several problems when working adjacent to excavations:

. Vibration from excavators can induce instability to the surrounding strata. The selected support method must be capable of withstanding this additional loading. . Exhaust gases from excavators can descend into excavations thus causing health risks to those persons undertaking the work.

In unstable ground the sheeting can be pre driven and the waling frames installed as excavation progresses, or the sheeting can be driven progressively as excavation continues. Both trench sheeting and proprietary boxes and slide rail systems can be adapted to this method.

Beware that the excavated face at the end of the excavation does not collapse inwards particularly under the action of the trenching machine straddling the trench.

The ‘free-standing’ time may be only a few minutes, if so. It is essential to install support as the excavation progresses.

Where it is necessary to form a ‘stop- end’ to an excavation (e.g. where a trench is constructed in two halves across a road) the operatives must be given guidance on the bracing required for proper support to the stop-end sheeting.

The permit system in use for excavations must clearly mark the precautions for areas adjacent to structures,

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roads and sidewalks.

NOTE: MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT MUST BE PLACED AT A SAFE DISTANCE FROM THE EDGE OF EXCAVATIONS.

Visual Compliance

Vertical shore and supports to protect adjacent tarmac Sheet pile walls to protect neighbouring infrastructure

Use of earth mounds as edge protection for extensive Robust barrier edge protection lengths of trenching (mounds must be stored away from the edge of the excavation and use as a barrier must be approved by a competent engineer).

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.2 Stability 49 Sub-Section 3.2.3 Water Ingress

How to Comply with the Standard

REQUIREMENT: Water ingress into excavations must be controlled to ensure safety.

Surface water can affect stability of slopes and benches, endangering the trench. Intercept surface water to prevent it entering trench. For some soils it will be necessary to protect slopes and horizontal surfaces adjacent to trench.

The presence of ground water is more difficult to deal with than surface water. It may affect the sides of the excavation to the extent that, even if supported, wash out of material will occur between the sheeting. In certain soil conditions, the bottom of the excavation can become unstable and ‘boil’ with the inevitable total collapse of the trench.

If the ground is suitable, one of several ground dewatering techniques may be used. Such methods involve either shallow well pumping or well-pointing. In either case, the pumping out of water has the effect of lowering the ground water table to a level below that to which the excavation is to be taken.

Where a water bearing strata overlays an impervious one and the depth of this impervious strata is not too great, the use of sheet piling may be more effective and economical. The piling, being substantially watertight, cuts off the water from the excavated area, thus enabling the excavation to proceed in the dry.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.2 Stability 50 Sub-Section 3.2.4 Inspections

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Excavations must be inspected daily by a competent person prior to use and after every rainstorm or other event which could impact on the stability or any other hazard associated with the excavation.

Only trained persons under the supervision of a Contractor competent person may carry out any excavation or support works. All excavations must be inspected by a competent person: . At the start of any shift, before any person carries out work. . After any event likely to have affected the strength or stability of the excavation. . After any accident fall of rock, earth or similar material.

A written report of the inspection must be made within 24 hours where the inspection has identified that safety actions are necessary. Regardless of the above, all excavations must be inspected at a maximum interval of 7 days, and a written report produced within 24 hours of that inspection.

The written report should contain: . Name and address of company / person for whom the inspection is taking place. . Location of work place inspected (site address). . Description of work place (i.e., excavation to grid line 6). . Date and time of inspection. . Details of any identified hazard/risk. . Details of actions taken to eliminate/reduce hazard/risk . Details of further action considered necessary. . Name and position of person making report.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.3 Safe Works Sub-Section 3.3.1 Worker Awareness 51

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Adequate signage, barriers and lighting must be provided to prevent falls into excavations adjacent to thoroughfares.

. Barricades, lighting and posting shall be installed as appropriate prior to the start of excavation operations. All temporary excavations of this type shall be backfilled as soon as possible.

. Guardrails, fences, or barricades should be installed around excavations adjacent to walkways, roads, paths or other traffic areas. Use of barricade tape alone is not considered a sufficient method of isolation when the excavation is unattended. Warning lights or other illumination shall be used as necessary for the safety of the public at night.

. Wells, holes, pits, and similar excavations must be effectively barricaded or covered and posted.

. Walkways or bridges used by the general public to cross excavations must be equipped with standard guardrails.

Notices and Warning Signs (a) Where construction vehicles or plant use public thoroughfares, notices must be placed at all exits and entrances to the work area to warn all persons in the vicinity. (b) Temporary warning signs must be erected and traffic control exercised in accordance local requirements (All work carried out on a road must have the approval of the road controlling authority before any work starts).

Visual Compliance

Barrier fencing Manhole temporary fence protection

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Warning signs and flashing light Warning sign, earth mound barrier with marking mesh

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.3 Safe Works 52 Sub-Section 3.3.2 Excavation Access

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Temporary stairs should be installed to provide safe access into trenches or excavations, unless they are very short duration ground works when ladders may be used.

Suitable safe means of access/egress must be provided and maintained for those persons working within excavations. All project must consider:

. Safe means of getting into and climbing out of an excavation must be provided. . Ladders used for short-term and temporary access must be securely fixed and properly maintained, and should permit quick and easy escape in case of flooding or falls of materials. . Using the wallings and struts for access and egress purposes must be prohibited. . Where the excavation is deep, battered, and access is required for a longer period of time, stepped access may be created using sand bags, however a suitable handrail must be provided to complement the access steps. . Consideration must be given to means of egress in case of flooding or other emergencies. . Access ways crossing excavations must be properly constructed and comply with the width criteria appropriate to the work activities.

Never allow workers to climb up and down the soldier sets used in trench shoring, because they can loosen or damage the support system, triggering a trench collapse. Make sure industrial-grade portable ladders are used to gain access to the excavation floor.

Visual Compliance

Use of sand bags for stepped access with hand rails Shallow excavation with ladder access for egress

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Suitable scaffold staircase Fixed point ladder access for man holes

Metal steps and handrails Affixed ladder and landing area

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.3 Safe Works 53 Sub-Section 3.3.3 Exclusion Zones

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Exclusion zones must be established and maintained around operating earth moving machines to prevent workers being struck by either the machine or any tool due to the failure of any quick hitch system.

Each project must implement the following performance standards:

1) Exclusion zones must be established and maintained around operating earth moving machines to prevent workers being struck by either the machine or any tool due to the failure of any quick hitch system. No unauthorized persons should be allowed to work within 3 meters of an operating machine, or under any load or part of an operating machine at any time. 2) For tasks where close proximity working is absolutely necessary, authorized competent workers are allowed to work in close proximity to operating machines, if the hitch systems used have locking mechanisms which physically prevent the attachment accidentally falling out (i.e. manual or semi-automatic quick hitch systems with safety bars inserted and any retaining pins in place and safe work method statements are provided for the specific tasks). 3) All earth moving machine operators must have written evidence of their training on how to operate the specific machines and quick hitch system they are required to use. 4) All earth moving machines and quick hitch systems must be fitted and maintained in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions and checks made to ensure compatibility with each other.

Visual Compliance

Exclusion zone around operating earth moving machine Adequate signs must be erected for reclamation areas

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Physical 3 GROUNDWORKS Element Number Section 3.3 Safe Works 54 Sub-Section 3.3.4 Dredging & Diving

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Safety at sea and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment, must be ensured including the safety and wellbeing of divers.

Contractor(s) must establish safeguards against all identified risks and continuously improve the safety management skills of all personnel in the office and at the dredge site, including preparing for emergencies related both to safety and environmental protection.

The Contractor will define and document the responsibility, authority and interrelation of all personnel who manage, perform and verify work relating to and affecting safety and pollution prevention.

The Contractor must ensure that all dredged personnel are properly qualified and given the necessary support so their duties can be safely performed. 2.0 The contractor has to provide appropriate edge protection to protect people falling from heights.

The Contractor must ensure that housekeeping is maintained and prevent the accumulation of fuels and grease on floors, decks and in bilges. Anti-slip surfaces will be provided during the operations.

All marine plant and equipment must be equipped with appropriate tools, emergency equipment, signal and alarms, firefighting equipment, machinery, ladders, personal floatation devices and other appurtenances.

The Contractor must establish procedures to identify the sudden operational failure of equipment and technical systems which may result in hazardous situations.

The Contractor must ensure that all personnel have an appropriate understanding of relevant rules, regulations, codes and guidelines.

A certificate will be issued for ships complying with the requirements of Dredging Safety Management Program conducted by an approved auditor or third party. The original copy of the certificate must be available on board in order that the Dredge Captain, if so asked, may produce it for verification.

Diving operations – Prior to the diver entering the water, the Contractor need to ensure the following:

A pre-dive safety orientation must be given to all the divers by the Contractor’s Diving Supervisor and Safety Officer. A pre-dive check will be completed for each diver by the other divers and the Diving Supervisor. The dive team will review the Safe Work Method Statement before the dive. The dive team shall consist of a Diving Supervisor, Lead Diver, Stand-by Diver, Tender and Timekeeper. During and after the dive, a dive profile log will be maintained and completed for each diver listing total dive time, surface interval, and repetitive dives.

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. All divers shall be qualified divers. Qualifications should include a certificate of training. Annual qualification is required. . A diver shall be fully conversant with the diving system and apparatus. . A diver must undergo necessary medical examination within the past 12 months and be certified physically fit for the diving. . Divers shall not be allowed to dive if he has taken alcohol, two hours of consumption of heavy meal, or an empty stomach. . The diving area shall be marked and an appropriate dive flag shall be displayed during operations. . A record of all men entering and leaving the water shall be maintained. . Minimum numbers of diving crews shall be based on water conditions, determined from job hazard analysis, along with the determination as to use of safety line or buddy line. . A competent Diving Supervisor shall be in charge of the operation. He shall have absolute discretion in the application of the following general rules. . A timekeeper shall be assigned and he shall be informed of his duties. . The Diving Supervisor shall determine the minimum equipment to be worn by the Stand-by Diver while waiting to dive. At the least sign of trouble, the stand-by diver shall complete his suit-up preparatory to dive. . Watch and knife shall be worn by all divers on all dives. . In water over 10 meters deep; divers shall have depth gauges, a compass and knife, and each diver wearing a pressure gauge on his tank. . All tending lines, phones and lights required for the job shall be available at the site. . HP and LP compressors shall be operated within the manufacturer’s recommendations, be properly maintained and the intakes placed away from any possible pickup from the exhaust of internal combustion engines. Blow-downs shall be operated regularly during charging.

Visual Compliance

Dredge platform with full guard rails Use of flag system for divers

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 55 Sub-Section 4.1.1 Crane Requirements

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Cranes must be structurally sound and fitted with appropriate safety devices.

. Operator must have certification as per the Safe Operation of Crane Procedure identified for the site. . Before operating a crane operators must ensure the crane test and maintenance certificates are current. . Fill in Crane Logbook. . The crane logbook is to be completed by the operator to detail any faults or issues with the crane and record their use. . Pre- operational checks are carried out and include; • Crane is free of visual defects • Controls are in good condition, operational with legible markings • Ropes (not damaged) • Hooks (in good condition) • Runways (clear of obstacles) • Safety switches and interlocks are operational • Warning signs are in good condition • Lifting gear is in current certification and showing no signs of damage.

If any lifting gear is out of certification or showing signs of damage, the lifting gear must be withdrawn from service. Defective lifting gear shall be tagged in accordance with the corporate procedure. . Check all brakes, stops and motion limits before lifting load. . No person shall operate or allow the operation of a crane that is either faulty or out of certification. Defective overhead cranes shall be tagged and isolated in accordance with the corporate procedure. . Report any crane or lifting gear defects to the coordinator. . Before undertaking complex lift a Complex Lift JSEA must be completed. . Place all signage and or barricading before commencing lift. . Recheck brakes after lifting load just clear of ground or landing to ensure no slipping.

Visual Compliance

Anti-clash system installed on tower cranes Crane certificates, procedures and logs available

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Boom angle indicator Radio communication between operator and banksman

Anti-clash system monitor installed on supervisor’s Anti-clash system monitor installed on Tower Crane office

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 56 Sub-Section 4.1.2 Crane Certification

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All crane types must be examined and certified by a competent person before first use and at regular intervals in accordance with local legislation.

. The current test/examination certificate must be seen by the Contractor’s Safety Engineer before any crane is operated. . The certificate must have attached a written statement from a Third Party Company (accredited by the government) confirming that the crane has been built in accordance with all statutory and manufactures requirements and that it is in good condition and suitable for its intended use. . All lifting equipment must have a current test/ examination certificate. . Webbing slings should be regularly inspected and any damaged or frayed sling should be discarded and replaced. . A competent person shall check the adequacy of the hard standing and packers under the outriggers of mobile cranes. . Will have an anemometer with a read out at base level. . All crane cabs will have a 2kg dry powder fire extinguisher provided, or suitable alternative fire extinguisher. . Single tower cranes will have 2 drivers, two tower cranes will have 3 drivers, and drivers not operating may act as signallers/slingers. . The manufacturer’s manual supplied with the crane normally provides details of the regular inspection requirements and must be strictly followed. A visual inspection of the entire machine and any tracks, etc., should be made before the crane is put to work. . The crane should be put through all motions by the driver and any defects reported immediately. All brakes and clutches should be checked for correct operation. . A Contractor competent person must be appointed to carry out a weekly inspection which should be recorded on the company’s format. This inspection should include the crane structure, and mechanical components together with any structural ties, track etc. and the correct functioning of the safe load indicator. . Where there are two or more tower cranes on a site erected in positions where they could collide or over-sail or where the crane jib could slew into a restricted zone then a collision prevention system must be used. This system should only be used as a back up to vigilant crane drivers/banksmen with crash radios, which must be the first line of defence together with well-co-ordinated and well managed lifts.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 57 Sub-Section 4.1.3 Hazard Management

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Effective measures must be taken to prevent cranes coming into contact with power lines, other cranes or structures and safe operating conditions during poor weather must be established and communicated to all relevant operatives.

Contact Avoidance . Primary defense against collision must be good driver communication and vision and will include the use of a dedicated crash radio system between the drivers / slinger/signalers and Crane Supervisor / Appointed Person. . Where there are two or more tower cranes on a site erected in positions where they could collide or over-sail or where the crane jib could slew into a restricted zone then a zoning and collision prevention system must be used. . An example of a restricted zone is where the crane jib could slew closer than 3 meters to a Railway Company’s operational equipment or boundary fence. . Automatic zoning and anti-clash systems must only be used as a back up to vigilant Crane Operator / Slinger/Signalers with crash radios, who must be the first line of defense together with well-coordinated and well managed lifts. . The systems must be regularly checked to ensure that the zoning and anti-clash functions are operating correctly and that “creep” of zones etc. has not taken place.

Weather km/hr . It is the policy of AECOM that all tower cranes are fitted with wind speed indicators. . Tower cranes on AECOM sites must not lift when the wind speed exceeds those specified by the manufacturer, or reaches 38 M.P.H. at jib level whichever is the lower limit. Lifting in gusty weather may only continue in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations, which will normally state a reduced average wind speed and a maximum gust wind speed. . Where any gust exceeds manufacturer’s recommendations or 45 M.P.H. whichever is the lower limit the crane must be placed in the out of service mode. In all events the final decision on the safety and advisability of a lift rests with the crane operator. In the event of a disagreement (Crane Manager / Appointed Person / Crane Operator) the more cautious view will prevail. . The same conditions apply to mobile cranes although they may not be fitted with wind speed indicators. The crane manufacturers operating handbook MUST be consulted to determine when it is safe to lift in windy conditions and these must be strictly observed.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 58 Sub-Section 4.1.4 Crane Erection/Dismantling

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All crane erection, climbing and dismantling operations must follow the requirements of the manufacturer’s guidance and the Safety Alert on Crane Erection, Climbing and Dismantling.

Compliance with this element requires all projects to adhere to the Safety Alert on the Erection, Climbing and Dismantling of Cranes. The following elements are found within the Alert and must be met for each project.

1. A Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) must be developed for the erection, climbing and dismantling of tower cranes which must include the following elements:

. Specific reference made to manufacturer’s safety guidelines for activities, including a step by step process description. . Methods of compliance with all relevant legal and contractual requirements. . Safety checklists provided for all safety critical operations. (e.g. ensuring check made before any securing bolts or pins are released, bolts are torqued to correct tension, etc.) . Safe access to, and fall protection measures for, all work at height . Identification of adequate exclusion zones and methods for implementation. . Arrangements for lifting equipment / gear examinations (certificates on site). . Specification of crew roles, responsibilities, competencies and supervisory arrangements . Limits set on working hours, wind speeds and other weather conditions. . Emergency procedures – including rescue of incapacitated persons from height. . Methods of pre-start briefings and tool box talks for the crew. . Methods and arrangements for crew communications. . Arrangements for 3rd party crane examinations (certificates on site). 2. 3. Contractor’s competent engineers have checked the designs and installation of all permanent and temporary works including, crane bases, ties, hard standings and imposed loads on the permanent structure, floor slabs or ground. 4. The impact of the operation on other activities both on the site and adjacent the site have been assessed and adequate controls are in place. I.e. other cranes, other site activities, activities on neighboring premises, public activities, including transport, electrical (etc.) services, and members of the public have been adequately assessed and controlled. 5. Potential risks from/ to installations and services in the area, have been assessed and precautions put in place (i.e. services overhead and below ground) 6. Other site-specific items to be completed prior to start on site – (e.g. testing tower crane base unit welds using the magnetic or dye methods before crane erection).

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 59 Sub-Section 4.1.5 Suitable Lifting Equipment

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All lifting equipment must be fit for purpose, marked with a means of identification and safe working load.

All lifting equipment must be suitable for the lifting activity being undertaken. The Contractor’s Project Lifting Plan or Safe Work Method Statement should specify the correct lifting equipment to be undertaken for each task. No other equipment other than that specified can be used to undertake the lifting activity.

Should equipment other than that identified in the Safe Work Method Statement or Lifting Plan be requested for use – written approval must be received from the approval person/organization for the revised strategy.

The lifting equipment must be marked with the safe working load to allow lifting operatives to objectively assess the ability of the lifting equipment to perform the required task.

Visual Compliance

Safe working load indicator lights (Red/Amber/Green) Automated safe working load indicators and an Alarm to warn those in the vicinity of the crane

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Safe working load chart in the cabin Crane information and Safe Working Load

Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 60 Sub-Section 4.1.6 Lifting Equipment Inspection

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All lifting equipment must be examined before first use, regularly inspected, and certificated at least annually as safe to use by a competent person, including cranes, hoists, chains, hooks, slings, etc.

1- Cranes, hoists, lifts, and other lifting appliances should be tested and certified by an external certification body once in every 6 months as a minimum. 2- Only technically qualified and experienced persons from a 3rd Party Company shall examine, test and certify cranes and other lifting equipment. 3- The company/competent person seeking approval shall comply with the following: i. The company/competent person should be accredited by the local regulatory authority ii. The company/competent person should have insurance coverage for the professional liability. 4- A competent person shall issue a certificate of safety after due examination and test, and only after any repairs have been carried out, specifying the serial number, technical details, tests done, safe working load, etc. for each equipment/appliance. 5- The repairs identified by the competent person shall be carried out by the owner/occupier immediately. 6- If the competent person considers that the appliance is unsafe, any use of the equipment must cease immediately and not be returned to use until repaired and certified. 7- Any re-rating of safe working load or any other condition stipulated for the safe operation shall be clearly indicated in the certificate. 8- Safe working loads shall be displayed on the appliance. 9- The compliance certificate shall be kept at the site.

Visual Compliance

Exclusions zones around all lifting equipment is an Display of current certification essential part of inspection and establishment

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.1 Cranes & Lifting Equipment 61 Sub-Section 4.1.7 Rubbish Skip Lifting

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Rubbish removal skips must be structurally sound and designed for lifting (with lifting points), must not be filled above their top edge and should be covered to prevent debris falling out while they are being lifted.

General Rubbish Skips General rubbish skips are not designed and tested to be lifted by cranes. All skips will be lifted using a lifting cradle unless the skip is specifically designed and tested to be lifted by crane and H&S department approval has been given. The cradle will be specifically designed for this duty and will incorporate lifting beams that take the full load and support the bottom of the skip. Secondary chains from the main lifting chains will be provided that locate on the skip lugs with special anti-disengagement fittings.

Rubbish Skips Specifically Designed for Lifting by Crane Skips will only be lifted by crane without a lifting cradle where they have been specifically designed for this purpose and the design has been checked and agreed by the Contractor’s manager. Such designs will probably incorporate lifting eyes through which hooks with safety catches can be fitted. The standard lifting lugs normally provided on skips are not to be used for lifting by crane, due to the possibility of the chains becoming detached if the load is partially removed in the case of a collision etc.

. The skip supplier must be advised that the skips are to be lifted by cranes. . The skips must be inspected by a competent person before each use to check that they are suitable and adequate for that purpose, with particular attention being paid to the lifting eyes, base and welds. . It is of paramount importance to ensure that the weight of the skip and its contents does not exceed the safe working load of the crane for the radius at which it is operating, and that the structure upon which the skip is to be placed is capable of supporting the total load.

Skips . The adverse effects of the wind on the skips should be considered when they are being lifted. . The raising or lowering of the skips over roads or footpaths used by the public is to be avoided. If this is not possible it should only be carried out during off peak periods with special attention being given at all times to excluding members of the public and site personnel from the area of activity. . This may require the erection of suitable and adequate barriers, fans and warning notices as well as controlling the movement of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. . A competent person from a 3rd Party Company must check the underside of the skip to confirm the skip’s structural integrity and its ability to contain any load.

Skips must not be overfilled and where necessary should be suitably covered to prevent accidental spillage of the contents or windblown debris / dust.

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Visual Compliance

Skip with SWL clearly posted Four-corner lift with guide rope

Skip is suitably covered

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.2 Competent Persons 62 Sub-Section 4.2.1 Lifting Supervisors, Crane Operators and Slingers

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Adequate numbers of competent operatives (lifting supervisors, crane operators & riggers/slingers) must be provided to safely plan and conduct all lifting operations and each must have proof of competence.

Contractors must ensure that adequate slingers/signallers are appointed and that this is communicated to all project stakeholders. It is recommended that operatives involved in lifting should wear PPE that readily identifies their role (e.g. different coloured hard hat or hi-visibility clothing)

Contractors’ lifting supervisor must:

. Ensure lifting operations only commence after the task lifting plan has been approved by the project team and has been co-ordinated with other lifting operations.

. Supervise lifting operations to ensure they are carried out in a safe manner fully in line with the agreed lifting plan. Including supervision of crane drivers and slingers/signallers under their control but in liaison with the appointed crane/lifting managers from other project stakeholders.

. To ensure works are stopped if any deviations from the lifting plan is likely to occur.

. Ensure that all relevant parties Crane Operator and Slingers / Signallers etc are briefed and trained in the requirements of the relevant lifting plan.

. Liaise with the appointed person regarding methods and co-ordination.

The level of supervision required for each lift will depend on the complexity of the risks associated with the operation. Some lifts dependent on complexity and risk may require continuous supervision by the Crane Supervisor at all times during the lift. Other repeated lifts of less complexity or risk may only require the Crane Supervisor to ensure the operation is set up correctly with all relevant parties understanding the safe system of work / lifting plan and action to take if conditions / circumstance change that may affect the lift. The lifting operation must then be regularly monitored.

This role may be combined with other roles. However they must have sufficient time to supervise all lifts and Slinger / Signallers under their control and personally supervise at all times non-generic lifts standard and complex lifts i.e. formwork table extraction from building etc.

Prior to works commencing all crane operators and slingers must have proof of competency as prescribed in local laws and regulations and proof of competency should be conducted prior to operators and slingers commencing on site.

All projects will conduct periodic inspections of proof of competency to ensure that relevant certificates/ qualifications exist and are current.

Any slingers or operators without current proof of competency will be removed from site. Crane operators working without proof of competence is a serious offence and any breach should be reported to the local health and safety regulatory authority.

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Visual Compliance

Crane Coordinator / Lifting Supervisor Certification Crane Operator Certification

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.3 Safe Use of Cranes 63 Sub-Section 4.3.1 Lifting Communications

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Clear communications must be provided and maintained between crane operators and signalers.

A clear and efficient system of communication must be established between crane operators and signalers.

Contractors should ensure that radio communications exist between crane operators and signalers to ensure verbal communication exists to supplement the visual signaling system. Hands free communication is the preferred radio communication method to allow signalers to both visually and verbally communicate requirements simultaneously.

In instances where radio communication does not exist – contractors must ensure that the crane operator has an uninterrupted line of sight to the signalers at all times.

All hand/arm signals used should conform to the universal signaling system to ensure consistency.

Visual Compliance

Hands free radio Communication between signaler and Signaler indicating movement to plant operator crane operator

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Universal Crane Signaling System

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Physical 4 LIFTING & SLINGING Element Number Section 4.3 Safe Use of Cranes 64 Sub-Section 4.3.2 Correct Slinging

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All loads must be safely slung by a competent person, within safe working limits of the lifting equipment, using hooks with safety catches, netting loose loads and attaching tie lines. Daily lifting coordination meetings must be held where more than one crane is in use.

In all cases where a crane is in operation there shall be a trained slinger/signaler in attendance. All slinger/signalers must hold a recognized qualification regarding lifting and slinging, or other approved training.

All appointed slinger/signalers must wear high visibility vests/jackets or helmets that identify their role on the project. Their duties include: . To follow directions given by the lifting Supervisor and or Appointed Person. . Ensure they are fully aware of the requirements of all relevant lifting plans and follow them. . Do not undertake any lifting activity they believe to be unsafe or does not conform to the agreed lifting plan. . To immediately stop any lifting activity they believe has or will become unsafe. . Immediately advice the Crane Supervisor of any changes in circumstance that increases risk or in any way affects the lifting plan. . To sling and detach loads in line with industry best practice. . To give relevant signals to crane operators using the approved system of visual and radio signals. . Not to put themselves or others at risk.

All slinger signalers must have a current Signalers certificate and adequate experience of the type of loads they are expected to sling. Their competency must be checked via physical on site demonstration to the lifting Manager /Appointed Person and they must be recorded as an “Appointed Slinger” prior to slinging any load.

On projects where more than one crane is in use there must be a daily co-ordination meeting including operators and signalers. This meeting should be outlined in the Contractor’s Project Lifting Plan.

Any outcomes from the meetings which alter the lifting strategy for the project (e.g. change in the swing arc of a tower crane) must ensure that the Contractor’s Project Lifting Plan is updated and changes communicated to all project parties.

Lifting co-ordination must include input from the project delivery and/or logistics coordinators to ensure that the lifting schedules compliments the ‘just in time’ delivery strategy.

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Visual Compliance

Identification number and tag on webbing sling Nets used as precaution for loose loads

Hook with safety catch in use Tensile double slinging to safely lift stacked loads

Suitable lift with fixing points and guide rope Instructions for slingers should be followed on all lifts

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.1 Temporary Supply 65 Sub-Section 5.1.1 Supply Panels

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Electrical supply panels must be sufficient in number, and secured to prevent unauthorized access and inspected before use by a competent person from the Contractor.

All switchgear installed on site must be positioned as to be freely accessible at all times. Care must be taken to ensure no equipment or materials are placed in such a manner as to obscure access to them.

All main switchgear must be provided with a facility to be locked in the open (off) position.

Wherever possible free-standing mains distribution units (MDU’s) must be used to house site switchgear.

Where it is not possible to house switchgear in this manner, then it must be installed and protected in a manner that does not expose it to any adverse or hazardous conditions and secured to prevent unauthorized access. All distribution equipment and fixed electrical plant must have an isolating switch attached to it or positioned adjacent to it.

There should be one main switch on site where all site power can be switched off in case of an emergency. This location should be well marked and signed and included in worker inductions.

Visual Compliance

Distribution board Distribution board

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Distribution board Barricaded distribution board

Barricaded generator set

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.1 Temporary Supply 66 Sub-Section 5.1.2 Circuit Breakers

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All electrical circuits must be protected by an ELCB or RCD or GFCI, fitted at source and regularly checked.

Where a residual current device (RCD) has been installed as the main isolator there should be sub-circuit RCD’s installed on all outgoing circuits from the MDU with finer control than the main RCD. Where possible either four pole or two pole breakers are used with the neutral conductor running through the breaker. This will assist in avoiding spurious tripping on the main RCD. All outgoing circuits from a distribution board must be clearly labelled.

The use of any hand tool requiring a supply at more than 110 volts is strictly prohibited on AECOM sites. Any equipment requiring a supply in excess of 230 volts must be approved by the Contractors Electrical Coordinator.

All sockets in use in the construction area with a voltage in excess of 110 volt will be protected by means of individual RCD’s with a maximum sensitivity of 30 MA with zero time delay.

Visual Compliance

Circuit breaker Circuit breaker

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Distribution board with circuit breaker Distribution board with circuit breaker

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.1 Temporary Supply 67 Sub-Section 5.1.3 Cable Protection

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All electrical supply boards, cables, cords plugs and sockets must be safe by design for construction use, located or protected so as to avoid physical damage by vehicles, water, etc. (e.g. by elevation or armor) or becoming a trip hazard.

Temporary electrical cables should be elevated to avoid the risk of providing both a trip hazard and a potential source of electrocution.

Cables located outdoors should be elevated across pedestrian or vehicle routes to avoid contact by persons or vehicles/equipment. Any cables elevated above pedestrian or vehicle routes must be clearly marked to avoid being struck. Where feasible the cable can be buried but it must be in a protective sleeve. Trailing cables outdoors should be suitably protected from the elements and must be raised off the ground.

Cables located indoors must be elevated off the ground top prevent a trip hazard and to be away from potential wet areas. Preferably cable should be fixed to the ceiling or travel along an elevated structure.

Visual Compliance

Cables protected and elevated along boundary fence Cables fixed to the ceiling indoors

Indoor cable raised of the ground Supply cable buried beneath ground to protect supply

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Electrical cable overhead – access way Electrical cable protected – outdoors

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.2 Work on Live Systems 68 Sub-Section 5.2.1 Lock Out – Tag Out

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Works on live electrical systems should be prohibited, unless required for testing and commissioning and a Lock Out – Tag Out (LOTO) and a Permit to Work system must be used to ensure energized systems are locked off and de-energized before work is conducted upon them.

No work must be carried out on any live cable, or so near as to cause danger, unless it is not practicable to make the cable dead and all necessary precautions are taken to ensure safety. Live equipment or cabling must not be worked on until it has been isolated/locked off. Permit to work to be operated when undertaking any works on distribution equipment, which must be signed by an authorized manager.

The lock out/tag out system requires one or more padlocks are fitted to the isolation switch with keys being held by the operators/maintenance personnel. Their name(s) and reason for the lock-out is written on the tags attached to the padlock. When the task is completed, the locks and tags are removed and power can be restored.

. Tags are essentially warning devices affixed to energy isolating devices, and do not provide the physical restraint on those devices normally provided by a lock. . When a tag is attached, it is not to be removed except by the authorized person responsible for it, and it is never to by bypassed, ignored, or otherwise defeated. . In order to be effective, tags must be legible and understandable by all employees whose work operations are or may be in the area. . Tags and their means of attachment must be made of materials that will withstand the environmental conditions encountered in the work place. . Tags may evoke a false sense of security, and their meaning needs to be understood as part of the overall energy control program. . Tags must be securely attached to energy-isolating devices so they cannot be inadvertently or accidentally detached during use.

Visual Compliance

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Electrical hazards signed and access locked Lock out of electrical distribution board

Lock Out/Tag Out Station Electrical Lock Out tag

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.2 Work on Live Systems 69 Sub-Section 5.2.2 Fire Precautions

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: The risk of electrical fires must be risk assessed and appropriate precautions noted and undertaken such as ensuring adequate firefighting equipment is in the vicinity and easily identified.

The electrical contractor will, as part of his electrical safety plan, operate a permit to work system for all works involving connection into and /or isolation of the existing temporary electrical system or incoming power supply. No working upon live equipment or circuits is permitted.

All contractors risk assessments must assess the risk of electrical fires and undertaken suitable mitigation strategies to address any issues arising.

The use of water fire extinguishers on electrical fires is prohibited and CO² extinguishers are the only type to be used for electrical fires. At electrical distribution panels provide additional CO² extinguishers.

Information on the identification and use of CO² extinguishers must be included in worker inductions.

Visual Compliance

Fire point with CO² extinguisher (black) Electrical distribution board with fire point

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.3 People & Tools 70 Sub-Section 5.3.1 Competent Electricians

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Only competent electricians are to be allowed to work on electrical circuits and equipment and proof of qualification must be made available.

. Work on electrical circuits must only be completed by a qualified electrician. All contractors must ensure that this requirement is met and that proof of qualification is readily available at the site office. . Inspection of proof of competence is to be undertaken to ensure that persons are not placed at risk due to unqualified persons conducting electrical repairs or installations. . All electrical equipment introduced to the site must carry a nontransferable label stating date of last inspection. . Any person found to be working on electrical circuits who does not have suitable qualification is to be removed from the site. Electricians not following site rules are to be sent for re-training in the first instance. If there is a second instance then the person is to be removed from the site. . A licensed electrician must check all electrical equipment monthly and such inspection shall be recorded in a register of electrical test. . Where no licensed electrician is available on site than electrical equipment shall be removed from site or isolated till inspected. . Locks are to be used to prevent unauthorized access shall restrict access to electrical circuit breakers. . Isolating switches are to be accessible and clearly marked to assist in emergency isolation. . Lighting circuits shall be separated from power circuits and lighting circuits shall not be used to operate power tools. . Where power for construction works is being undertaken and the power source is from a permanent distribution board or supply then portable RCD protection must be used. . People shall be trained in the use of power tools particularly grinders and percussion equipment.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.3 People & Tools 71 Sub-Section 5.3.2 Equipment Inspections

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All electrical tools and equipment operating off the site supply must be regularly inspected, tested and marked as safe to use.

Legislation and guidance suggest that regular inspection of equipment is an essential part of any preventative maintenance programme. The testing frequency is therefore generally dependent upon the type of equipment and the conditions under which it is used. Portable electrical apparatus will be tested and maintained in accordance with best industry practice.

A piece of portable electrical apparatus is any electrical appliance which is connected to an electrical supply by means of a removable plug. It covers apparatus of any voltage owned or hired by the contractor or its sub- contractors and includes small equipment (e.g. drills, kettles) and larger equipment (e.g. cement mixers, fridges) as well as extension cables.

Individual contractors (as employers and duty holders) have the primary responsibility to ensure that the risks from portable electrical apparatus have been adequately assessed and controlled (including the provision of training) for their employees and should ensure that the risks from portable electrical apparatus have been considered, where appropriate, within method statements.

Testing of portable electrical apparatus must only be carried out by a competent person, normally a qualified electrician. Users of portable electrical apparatus and those required to carry out visual inspections should be capable (based on existing experience or training) of detecting signs of faults or damage.

The purpose of the test is to ensure that the appliance is maintained in good order throughout its working life and that the inbuilt protection of the appliance protects the user. The inbuilt protection of portable electrical apparatus is normally by means of insulation and earthing. The purpose of this protection is to ensure that the user does not come into contact with any live parts.

Visual Compliance

Tagging of individual equipment Distribution board inspection tagging

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Use of 110 volts electric power tools Use of battery powered hand tools

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Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.4 Lighting 72 Sub-Section 5.4.1 Adequate Lighting

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Adequate lighting must be provided to supplement low levels of natural light to ensure operations can be conducted safely. The levels of illumination need to match the demands of the job and the location.

As well as supplementing poor daylight and enabling work to continue after dark, site lighting is always necessary if in those areas are devoid of natural light, e.g. shafts and enclosed stairways. Site lighting must be sufficient, well planned, of the right type and in the right place for it to be properly effective. Lighting ought not to introduce the risk of electric shock.

2.1.1 Measuring Illumination Level Illumination levels on any part of a site can easily be checked with a pocket light meter, calibrated in lux. These meters should be checked periodically and be kept covered when not in use.

2.1.2 Level of Illumination The unit of measurement for levels of illumination is the lux. One lux equals one lumen of light falling on one square meter (lm/m²). The level of illumination required to provide conditions in which work can be carried out without undue risk or fatigue should not be less than the figures shown below. The figures quoted take into account the effect of dust and dirt, depreciation, low contrast areas, etc.

Recommended minimum levels of illumination:

 Interior movement only 5 lux  General movement 5 lux  Handling materials, unloading 10 lux  Exterior general 10 lux  Clearing sites, general rough work 15 lux  Interior working places 15 lux  Interior reinforcing and concreting 50 lux  Bricklaying (except facings) 100 lux  Bench work, facing brickwork and plastering 200 lux  Interior workshops 400 lux  Drawing boards 600 lux

The term interior lighting covers those parts of structures which may not have cladding during erection, but which will become interiors when the work is finished. Lighting including emergency lighting must be provided to all areas of the site. The level of lighting to be provided should be determined following a risk assessment as required by the safety management system and this will depend on the security arrangements, hours to be worked, out of hours working and the local environmental considerations.

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The following safety lighting levels must be supplied on all sites, together with individual task lighting as necessary. Safety lighting must be provided to all rooms, corridors and staircases.

Area Design Minimum Position of Measurement Lighting Measured Lighting Level Lux Level Lux

Safety Lighting

Site entrance 30 15 Ground

Site roads 20 10 Ground

Clearing sites and general rough work 50 25 Ground

General movement areas 20 10 Ground

Open areas of large sites without significant 10 5 Ground activity

Loading bays, unloading areas 50 25 Deck level or ground

Floodlighting for crane operations 50 25 Deck level of main operation

Scaffold, walkways, corridors 20 10 1.2m above floor

Stairs 20 10 At treads

Task Lighting

Bricklaying 200 100 Task height (except facings)

Concreting, fixing 100 50 Task height reinforcement

Facing brickwork, plastering, bench work 400 200 Task height

Fine craft work, decorating 800 400 Task height

Emergency Lighting

All areas 5 5 Ground

Accommodation

Offices 500 250 Desk height

First aid room 500 250 Desk height

Kitchens 500 250 Working surface

Canteen 200 100 Table height

Stairs 150 75 Treads

Corridors 100 50 1.2m above floor

Changing, drying rooms, toilets 150 75 Table height

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Visual Compliance

N/A

Physical 5 ELECTRICAL Element Number Section 5.4 Lighting 73 Sub-Section 5.4.2 Lighting Safety

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Lighting installations should avoid the risks of electric shock, burns and glare and unsecured halogen tripod lights should not be in use. An emergency back-up system to ensure sufficient lighting is available to aid escape in emergency situations.

Lighting installations should be inspected and tested for defects at regular intervals. All work completed on lighting installations, including changing light globes, should only continue if the electrical source has been isolated and turned off.

Halogen lamps on tripods should be banned task lighting, they have caused many serious fires by igniting materials when turned over. Use only halogen lamps fixed to the structure as area lighting. All Halogen lamps must be fitted with glass front plate and a protective grill.

In case of emergencies projects must: . Provide emergency lighting on all escape routes and staircases. . Emergency lighting can best be achieved by linking into the temporary lighting system with strategically placed battery operated fluorescent tubes or bulkhead fittings providing a minimum 3 hour performance. . Inspect emergency lighting

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Visual Compliance

Halogen lamps must be affixed to columns, walls or External flood lighting should be secure ceilings and not tripods.

Emergency lighting (by battery or generator) must Portable lighting must be sturdy with supports or ensure building egress lights are available outriggers

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.1 Occupational Health 74 Sub-Section 6.1.1 Demolition

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Demolition work must be undertaken using suitable precautions to protect workers from falling material, toxic substances, electrical risk and exposure to airborne matter.

Before work commences, the site must be surveyed and risk assessment and safe work method statement must be developed by the contractor. No demolition is to take place without a written method statement having been submitted by the contractor. Where the work is in or adjacent to other properties / public areas, steps must be taken to protect the public and minimise and contain the effects from site activities. Persons employed in demolition must have sufficient and adequate training to a recognised standard for the industry. All works are to be conducted under close competent supervision at all times. A copy of the safe work method statement and risk assessment shall be available on site and all operatives must have received and understood it. Contractor(s) should consider the followings for demolition works: . Method and sequence . Public protection . Termination/ isolation/ division of services . The stability of remaining structures or part structures , or adjacent structures or excavation . The presence of any substances that may be hazardous to health . Copies of statutory notifications . A permit to demolish is required for all demolition activities.

Demolition techniques may be categorized as either piecemeal demolition (using hand held tools, or machines, to reduce the height of the building or structure gradually), or deliberate controlled collapse (demolition being completed at ground level). Areas affected by each phase of the work, to which access will need to be restricted or made safe, should be set out in the method statement. Restrictions and control may be necessary during the dropping of debris and the operation of demolition plant.

During debris dropping, the following main points should be observed:

. a radius of 6m, or half the drop height (whichever is the greater), should be used to determine the restricted area to be kept clear . a space of 6m minimum width from the face of the building to be demolished should be allowed for the operation of cranes, grabs, balling machines, pusher arms and similar equipment. . when tall structures are being felled, a distance of not less than twice the total height should be allowed along the proposed line of fall to cater for parts coming free in flight, or bouncing and rolling on impact. . structures should be felled into clear areas . on slender structures, a 20 degree arc either side of the line of fall should be clear of obstructions, and an area of radius not less than twice the total height should be cleared of persons before the actual felling.

Protection measures considered must include:

. Sheeted elevation scaffolds . Fans and covered walkways . Road / footpath closures . Perimeter security . Protection/ temp. works to adjacent buildings or retained sections of building . Asbestos removal

High risk works associated with demolition (where persons are exposed to contamination hazards) require

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enhanced levels of welfare.

Workers undertaking these activities must ensure that shower facilities are provided and disposable cover-all clothing is worn when dealing with substances such as asbestos.

Persons handling hazardous materials must be suitably qualified to do so and welfare and hygiene facilities provided must meet or exceed legislation pertaining to such works.

Visual Compliance

Appropriate PPE and shower facilities must be provided Suitable barriers and public protection must be provided for high risk areas such as asbestos removal

Protection of neighbouring structures may be required Public exclusion zones must be established

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.1 Occupational Health 75 Sub-Section 6.1.2 Hazardous Materials

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Exposure to harmful substances and environmental conditions must be identified in a risk register and exposure reduced where practical by elimination, substitution, attenuation or isolation, personal protection and signage. Material Safety Data Sheets must be used for guidance.

Contractors have a responsibility to provide safe working conditions and a safe working environment for their employees. This includes the provision of general and task specific personal protective equipment for all employees. Risk management strategies must be in place to prevent incidents and accidents at the work place.

Contractors staff must be trained, licensed (where applicable) and competent in the nature of work and brief their employees before starting work of the risks and dangers involved in the profession they are engaging in, such as fire, machinery risk, risk from vapor or dust of toxic substances, danger of falling and relevant occupational diseases etc. Suitable Training should be given to all staff involved in any potentially dangerous/hazardous operation/activity and such training shall be ongoing/periodic.

Contractors must also have strategies in place to deal with employees exposed to extreme temperatures, confined spaces, noise, electric shock and work at height.

Contractors must provide warning signs in all potentially dangerous areas, such as chemical/ gas cylinder storage areas, machinery, drills etc. Lessees must provide safety signs for protective clothing as per working hazard, such as “WEAR SAFETY GEAR” for noisy areas, “WEAR MASK” for dusty operational areas, in addition to other signs like “NO SMOKING”, FLAMMABLE STORAGE AREA” etc.

All chemicals and hazardous materials stored on a project site must be stored in accordance with the guidance contained in the supporting Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

Material Safety Data Sheets should be kept both in a central file, and also displayed in the vicinity of the stored chemical or hazardous substance and the Nurse/First Aid Station.

A Material Safety Data Sheet provides information about the following: . Product Information . Hazardous ingredients . Physical data . Fire & explosion data . Reactivity data . Toxicological properties . Preventative measures . First Aid measures

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Visual Compliance

Where risks cannot be eliminated, workers must have PPE for eliminating exposure to welding fumes and suitable PPE to limit exposure to harmful substances sparks

PPE for eliminating exposure to electrical risks PPE for eliminating exposure to asbestos

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.1 Occupational Health 76 Sub-Section 6.1.3 Confined Spaces

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Measures must be in place to ensure workers in confined spaces have adequate ventilation and lighting and are issued with appropriate Personal Protective Equipment. All confined spaces work must be subject to a permit system.

Any work conducted in a confined space must ensure that a permit is obtained to prior to any work commencing. Contractors must conduct gas detection before any worker is allowed to enter the area and every hour thereafter until the wok has been completed for the day. The gas detection results must be recorded in a gas detection template which should be attached into the permit system.

Confined spaces are to include: Any chamber, tank, vat, silo, pit, trench, pipe, sewer, flue, well or other similar space in which, by virtue of its enclosed nature, there arises a foreseeable specified risk.

Contractors will be responsible; . To supply all safety equipment including all portable gas detection devices, escape-breathing apparatus, harnesses and other escape equipment (including a rescue tripod for work in holes), which must be certificated by a 3rd party Company, and in good order. . To train all personnel who enter a confined space. This is to be done by a 3rd party Company. . To introduce Confined Space Entry Permit System . To prepare Permit including emergency plan and a gas detection logbook. . To provide extraction/exhaust fans with duct.

The main risks associated with confined spaces are: . Lack of oxygen: Normally 21% is in the atmosphere. Oxygen reduction to 17% will cause clouding of judgement and poor physical co-ordination. . The presence of high levels of oxygen – creating an explosive mix. . The presence of toxic gases fumes or vapours. . The presence of excessive heat. . The presence of flammable or explosive gases fumes or vapours. . The presence of high levels of dust/fine particles. . Entrapment by a free flowing solid i.e. sand in a silo. . Drowning from an increase in the level of a liquid.

The level of risk created by these situations may be significantly increased by poor means of egress.

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Visual Compliance

Adequate protection above holes includes provision of a Atmospheric conditions should be monitored rescue tripod and extraction system

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.1 Occupational Health 77 Sub-Section 6.1.4 Noise Exposure

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Areas and activities producing noise levels above 80 db(A) should have noise warning signs posted, stating that hearing protection should be worn. Appropriate hearing protection must be provided to, and worn by, all those at risk of sustaining damage to their hearing. The danger levels for noise are identified as being, 85dBA and 90dBA. At 85 dBA which is known as the first action level, employees will probably have to shout to be heard at a distance of 2m away from the person they are talking to, and must be provided with hearing protection at their request. All practicable methods must be used to reduce noise levels, but where these remain excessive and harmful, ear protectors must be worn. Ear protectors are not a substitute for other methods of noise control. Recommended maximum exposure without protection: Average Noise Level dB (A) at the ear Maximum Exposure In one working day 90 8 hours 93 4 hours 96 2 hours 99 1 hour 102 30 minutes 105 15 minutes 108 7½ minutes 111 3¾ minutes

Visual Compliance

Protective ‘ear muffs’ for workers exposed to noise Ear plugs should be available to all workers

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.1 Occupational Health 78 Sub-Section 6.1.5 Manual Lifting

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Manual lifting tasks must be assessed, with weights known before being undertaken and appropriate equipment identified and used to handle heavy/awkward loads. Workers undertaking manual lifting must be instructed in safe practices and must follow safe manual lifting methods.

In general, contractors should: . Avoid hazardous manual handling operations, so far as is reasonably practicable. . Assess any hazardous manual handling operations which cannot be avoided. . Reduce the risk of injury, so far as is reasonably practical. . Provide information on the load to be handled.

In addition, labourers on site should follow the systems devised by their management to promote safety in the manual handling of loads. Contractors’ management need to ensure that where site supervisors have assessed that there is a risk of injury they have: . Considered whether the load needs to be handled at all. . Considered the requirement for handling to be minimised.

Assessments will need to be reviewed in the light of experience, when there is a change in manual handling operations, or if an accident occurs. Risks identified in the assessments will need to be reduced i.e. . The task may be made easier by the provision of mechanical assistance, such as a pallet mover. . The load may be made smaller or lighter by specification charge. . The working environment can be improved by ensuring adequate space for handling operations. . Good housekeeping is essential with clear access routes and working platforms clear of water and mud. . Avoid carrying loads on stairs or slopes. . Individual capability can be improved by information and training.

Correct lifting maintains the natural shape of the spine throughout the lift. Although the body may be bent over, the spine remains straight and the lift uses the momentum of body weight to initiate forward movement. Using the correct posture (i.e. the position of the various parts of the body) in performing a task is essential.

Visual Compliance

Correct manual lifting technique with bent knees Good handling technique

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.1 Occupational Health 79 Sub-Section 6.1.6 First Aid

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Medical equipment and trained personnel should be available for providing first aid treatment to injuries and providing advice on health and wellbeing.

2.2 First Aid Centre The first aid center should be located at the main entrance of the development. It would function purely as a first aid center and not as a medical clinic. The first aid center staff would respond to any serious accidents within the main area zones during construction and treat minor injuries and ailments.

In addition, it is recommended that the Contractor considers the provision of a site ambulance service manned by first aid center staff. Serious injuries resulting from construction accidents require immediate hospitalization, which can only be achieved quickly if an ambulance is stationed on site.

Site Nurse and First Aid Provision When the workforce exceeds 250 it is deemed good practice to consider employing a full time nurse. All nurses employed should hold a qualification in occupational health and have appropriate industrial training and experience. Nurses may, at their discretion, dispense any medicines that can be bought over the counter at a chemist. 2.2.1 2.2.2 First Aiders One person who has received first aid training and holds a current first aid certificate (valid three years) must be provided for every 50 employees.

First aiders will be expected to be fully trained for first aid services i.e. the four day training course, and to provide up to date certification for the principal contractor health and safety file.

First aiders will be clearly identifiable by and are to have first aider stickers affixed to their hardhats. To assist with identification, all other suppliers shall supply photographs of their first aiders and these will be clearly shown within the welfare location.

An appointed contact person is required to take charge of a situation (e.g. to call an ambulance) if a serious injury or illness occurs and to be responsible for maintaining first aid equipment in the absence of trained first aiders. Appointed persons may not be used to cover for first aiders in planned absences such as courses or holidays. Alternative first aid cover must be made.

First Aid information should ensure that information is provided regarding the location and distance to the nearest hospital with maps provided. There should also be clear access provided into the site and first aid area for ambulances.

Where nurses or medics are employed and any special first aid equipment is needed to deal with a particular

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hazard, this is to be stored in first aid room.

Defibrillators All sites with nurses are to have fully automated electrical defibrillators (AED’s). Initially all first aiders and site nurses must do the AED Course. Other employees who have not taken the First Aid at Work course would be offered the four hour AED/CPR course such as receptionists, security guards, and Contractors managers (front line employees).

AECOM is recommending the use of Cardiac Science-Power Heart AED- fully automated external defibrillator.

Note: The first aid room is as the title indicates and must not be used as a shared office/first aid room or a store for materials.

The requirements listed below are for guidance purposes and local requirements should be adhered to:

Personnel Appointed First Nurse/ First aid kits First aid On site Contact Aider Medic No. (min) Room Person

1 – 20 1 - - 1 1 standard

21 – 50 1 1 - 1 1 standard

51 – 100 1 2 - 1 1 standard

101 – 150 1 3 - 1 1 standard

151 – 249 1 4- 5 - 2 1 medium

250 – 300 1 5 1 2 1 medium

301 – 450 1 6 – 8 1 3 1 medium

451 – 600 1 9 – 11 1 4 1 medium

601 – 750 1 12 – 14 1 5 1 medium

751 – 900 1 15 – 17 1 6 1 medium

901 – 1050 1 17 – 19 2 7 1 large

1051 – 1200 1 20 - 22 2 8 1 large

1201 - 1350 1 23 - 25 2 9 1 large

1351 - 1500 1 26 - 28 2 10 1 large

1500+ Consult Local Authorities For Guidance

Note: In some countries the legal requirement for a fist aid room commences only at 50 persons.

Visual Compliance

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A dedicated first aid area must clearly indicated First aid room should have suitable equipment

First Aiders and nurses should be identified Kitchens and work areas should have a first aid kit

Site ambulance should be provided for large sites Rescue stretchers for work at height rescue

Random monitoring of blood sugar for tower crane Daily vital signs monitoring for crane and heavy inspectors equipment operators

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 80 Sub-Section 6.2.1 PPE Requirements

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All workers and visitors exposed to construction operations must wear; Hard Hat, Safety Boots, High Visibility clothing, and Eye Protection (for visitors). The items must fit the individual and be in good condition. Adequate supplies of personal protective equipment must be available to protect both workers and visitors.

On all projects the minimum personal protective equipment for all workers and visitors are as follows are as follows:

PPE Item Contractor Staff AECOM Staff & Visitors

Hard Hat Compulsory Compulsory Safety Footwear Compulsory Compulsory High Visibility Clothing Compulsory Compulsory Protective Eyewear Compulsory Compulsory Safety Gloves Compulsory Compulsory

All PPE items should have the CE mark (the recognized mark for PPE tested and approved to International Standards). Hard hats should be compliant with EN 397 or equivalent standard.

This standard is to be fully enforced and any person not in compliance with this element will be asked to immediately rectify any missing elements of PPE. Failure to do so will result in exclusion from the site.

Contractors are to ensure that they have a suitable amount of PPE available to cater for the workforce and for visitors.

It is recommended that 20 sets of visitors PPE be held as a minimum to ensure that sufficient PPE is available in exceptional circumstances.

Visual Compliance

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Hard hat, protective eyewear, safety gloves and hi- Hard hat, protective eyewear and hi-visibility vest visibility vest

All visitors must be issued with hard hat, protective Suitable safety footwear must be worn eyewear, high visibility vest and safety footwear.

Adequate workforce PPE supplies must be provided Adequate supplies of PPE for visitors should be held

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 81 Sub-Section 6.2.2 Task-specific PPE

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Other items of task specific Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be identified in risk assessments and PPE provided on an as needs basis.

The contractor must select appropriate PPE for the work hazards identified. Adequate arrangements are to be made for the storage, cleaning, maintenance and replacement of PPE.

Once a risk has been identified for which PPE has been prescribed and selected the contractor must take all reasonably practicable steps to ensure that it is used correctly by the relevant persons. This will require the provision of information, instruction and training to all employees. Specific site rules must be enforced for general items of PPE (i.e. safety helmets, safety footwear, and high visibility clothing). Appropriate signage for PPE must be used and effective enforcement carried out. Failure to comply may result in offenders being removed from the site.

In addition to the minimum standards for all personnel, the following task specific minimum PPE could apply depending on risk assessment:

. Scaffolders must use a full body safety harness with lanyard. . MEWP and suspended platform users must use a full body safety harness with lanyard. . Steel fixers must wear gloves . Welders must wear full face masks . Workers exposed to ongoing high levels of noise must wear ear protection . Workers dealing with hazardous substances (e.g. asbestos) must wear protective clothing as prescribed by Material Safety Data sheets.

Visual Compliance

Where the use of fall restraint harnesses cannot be Tasks such as blasting and other unique work activities avoided – workers require training in the use of the PPE must have PPE issued per best practice

Masks are required for dust emitting activities Steel fixers and manual handlers require gloves

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 82 Sub-Section 6.2.3 Personnel Identification

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Key personnel should be easily distinguished by visual markings, e.g. specific colors of helmets or clothing for supervisors, safety professionals, slingers, medics, etc.

To allow for the ease of identification of personnel on site it is required that the following personnel have distinctive colored PPE to allow them to be easily recognized. Ease of identification can be achieved through a different colored piece of hi-visibility clothing, a different color hard hat, or a distinctive sticker on a hard hat. Persons who should be easily distinguishable on site include:

. Safety Officers . First Aiders . Banksmen . Slingers . Foreman/Supervisors

Adequate signage must be in use to allow workers and visitors to understand the different PPE colors in use.

Visual Compliance

EXAMPLE: Suitable system of differentiating key personnel by hard hat color

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.3 Welfare 83 Sub-Section 6.3.1 Toilet Facilities

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Sufficient toilet facilities must be provided, in easy access of working areas, and plumbed into the mains (rather than chemical) where practical and cleaned regularly.

Rooms containing sanitary conveniences should be adequately ventilated, lit and kept clean and in an orderly condition and must be available for the duration of the project. Separate rooms containing sanitary conveniences must be provided for men and women. In some circumstances men and women may use the same toilet, provided it is in a lockable room and is suitably positioned away from any urinals, which may also have been provided.

Wherever possible toilets should be flushed by water. Where this is not possible chemical toilets are to be provided. However, where chemical toilets are used they must have as a minimum a supply of warm water for washing hands. The toilets on site will need to be carefully sited/screened to avoid offending neighbors. A guide as to the number of WC’s and urinals to be provided are shown below:

No. of Persons on Site No. of WC’s No. of Urinals

50 2 2 100 4 3 200 7 6 400 13 10 600 19 14 1000 31 22

For every additional 100 persons on site an extra 3 WC’s are required. For every additional 100 persons on site an extra 2 Urinals are required.

Visual Compliance

Toilet facilities Toilet facilities

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Portable toilets are suitable for areas without plumbing Toilet facilities

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.3 Welfare 84 Sub-Section 6.3.2 Washing Facilities

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Washing facilities with hot and cold water should be provided and be adequate for the numbers of workers and must be kept clean, provided with soap, towels and barrier creams. Showers should be provided where reasonably practical and where necessary due to risk.

. Washing facilities are to be provided in the immediate vicinity of every sanitary convenience provided and the accommodation unit provided for changing clothing. . The washing facilities should include a supply of clean hot and cold or warm water, soap or other suitable means of cleaning and towels or other suitable means of drying. . The wash basins should be large enough for people to wash their faces, hands and forearms. This means the hand and forearm up to the elbow being able to fit into the basin provided. . The rooms containing washing facilities should be adequately ventilated, lit and kept clean and in an orderly condition. . Separate washing facilities should to be provided for men and women unless they are in a lockable room intended to be used by only one person at a time.

Where the work is particularly dirty, showers may be required. When using cement containing products, washing facilities to remove contact with the skin should be within reasonable distance of the work place.

Shower facilities should be well ventilated and cleaned daily. Shower facilities for men and women must be separate and not connected. Showers on site will need to be carefully sited/screened to avoid offending neighbors.

The shower facilities should include a supply of clean hot and cold or warm water, soap or other suitable means of cleaning and towels or other suitable means of drying. NOTE: For maintenance work or for project work of short duration it may not be feasible to provide the level of welfare facility described in this section. In such circumstances the level of welfare for washing, toilets and break areas must be, as a minimum, hygienic with running water and portable toilets in good condition and cleaned regularly.

Visual Compliance

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Suitable Wash Basins Suitable Wash Basins

Suitable Wash Basins Suitable Wash Basins

Individual or communal shower areas are to be provided where required by the workforce

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.3 Welfare 85 Sub-Section 6.3.3 Break & Meal Facilities

How to Comply with the Standard 2.3 REQUIREMENT: Adequate changing and break facilities should be provided for workers to take meal breaks. These should be heated/cooled, have adequate numbers of lockers, tables and chairs and be kept clean. Appropriate facilities must be available to meet the needs of different cultures (e.g. for praying). 2.4 2.5 Accommodation for Clothing and Changing An adequate sized drying room for drying wet clothing, storing protective clothing i.e. Wellington boots, overalls and for changing clothing not being used during working hours must be provided for the expected number to be working on site. Lockers are recommended for the storage of day clothes. The heaters provided for drying clothing must be tubular electrical heaters with high temperature cut out and protected by a mesh guard to prevent direct contact with clothing. Separate changing facilities are required for men and women. 2.6 Rest Facilities Facilities must be provided for taking breaks and meal breaks. The facilities must provide shelter from the wind and rain, be heated or cooled as appropriate, fitted with tables and chairs, have provision for boiling water and heating food.

The rest facilities must have suitable arrangements to protect non-smokers from the discomfort caused by tobacco smoke and, where necessary, suitable facilities for any person at work who is a pregnant woman or nursing mother at rest. The rest facilities must have a kettle or urn for boiling water and means for preparing food, i.e. electric cooker or microwave oven.

All projects should ensure that welfare facilities adequately meet the needs of different cultures and the specific requirements where possible.

This includes: . A designated area(s) for prayer . Vegetarian meal options . Observance of religious requirements (e.g. fasting during Ramadan) . Other suitable cultural requirements as they arise

Visual Compliance

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Meal/break area for workers Meal/break area for workers

Suitable food serving area Lockers for storage of worker belongings

Clean meal and serving area Boot cleaners prior to entry areas

Kitchen area to meet local hygiene regulations Break/rest area

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.3 Welfare 86 Sub-Section 6.3.4 Drinking Water

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Appropriate supplies of clean drinking water must be provided for workers on all projects.

An adequate supply of drinking water must be available. If the drinking water is from taps direct from the mains they need not be marked ‘Drinking Water’. If, for instance taps are fed from a water storage tank and one tap is fed direct from the water main this tap must be clearly marked ‘Drinking Water’.

Drinking water supplied from bottles or containers must be protected from possible contamination and changed often enough to prevent it from becoming stale. Cups or other suitable drinking vessels must be kept near the water provided for drinking.

Clean and safe drinking water should be provided at the ratio of one point per 50 persons as a guide.

Visual Compliance

Chilled drinking water dispenser Portable drinking water dispenser for each floor

Chilled drinking water dispenser

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.3 Welfare 87 Sub-Section 6.3.5 Extreme Weather

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Work conducted in extreme temperatures must have a definitive policy and/or safe work method statement developed to protect workers from extreme weather exposure.

All projects must develop a policy for work in extreme conditions. This includes guidance for working in any of the following conditions as they apply to the site: . Hot weather (over 40ºC) . High winds . Rain

The policy must cover when work is to be abandoned, mitigation measures to protect workers from extreme conditions, and return to work requirements. Local legislative requirements must be met and measures for monitoring weather should be established via local meteorology bureaus or project weather stations.

Work in hot weather must address hydration for workers and ensuring that water and/or electrolyte drinks are available, provision of adequate shading and methods for monitoring worker physical condition. Work in extreme cold and snow must address risks of workers suffering hypothermia and/or frostbite, as well as addressing any issues related to snow/snow drifts and safe access to all areas.

Work after heavy rain and high wind should only commence once a site inspection and risk management strategy is in place.

Visual Compliance

Drinking water must be available for all work areas Shading must be available for work in hot weather

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Workers must be provided with electrolyte drinks for Site weather station work in extreme heat.

Temperature reader Hand held temperature reader

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Physical 6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, PPE AND WELFARE Element Number Section 6.3 Welfare 88 Sub-Section 6.3.6 Off-site Worker Accommodation

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Where worker off-site living accommodation is provided by contractors the standards should meet these or higher standards and meet all relative local regulations.

Where a Contractor provides living accommodation for its workforce, the accommodation (including sanitary, kitchen and recreation facilities) should, as a minimum, meet local legislative requirements in all instances.

Where such accommodation exists, AECOM together with the Construction Supervision and Contractors will periodically visit the facility to provide Client assurance that workers are being accommodated in suitable living conditions.

All worker accommodation facilities should be of suitable standard and meet the following general requirements:

. Site Layout and Design – should meet local building codes and practices . Living Space – should encompass no more than 8 persons to a room and allow free access . Toilet / Washing Facilities – suitable clean toilets and showers be available with hot and cold water . Food Preparation/ Cooking Areas – potable water provided and high levels of hygiene are required . Lighting and Ventilation – areas to be ventilated and well-lit and mold free . Evacuation – evacuation routes clear and well-lit with no locked doors or obstructions . First Aid/ Emergency – first aid facility with qualified medical staff and access to vaccinations . Hazardous Areas – hazardous/flammable material storage away from buildings and adequate signs . Fire Safety and Fire Fighting – construction with fire resistant materials, adequate firefighting equipment and alarms, use of fire drills . Mechanical and Electrical Safety – circuit breakers installed and electrical equipment tagged and tested . Housekeeping – segregated waste, removal of trip hazards, no unauthorized pets. . Transportation – adequate transport to site and for weekends to access shops/services. . Pest Control – adequate measures to control mosquitoes, bugs and vermin . Camp/Accommodation Supervision – provision for a camp/accommodation supervisor to manage the facility.

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Visual Compliance

Labor camp Eating area at the labor camp

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.1 Fire Prevention Measures 89 Sub-Section 7.1.1 Storage of Combustible Materials

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Storage of combustible materials must be minimized with waste and empty containers removed as soon as practically possible; Highly flammable liquids and gases (such as solvents, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), oxygen, etc.) must be used and stored safely in well ventilated stores. The potential for fire resulting from inadequate housekeeping is significant. Fire can occur both indoors and outdoors but internal fires can present a much greater risk to persons. All storage of materials and debris must take into account the potential for a fire and the control measures should reflect this. 2.6.1 Removal of Packaging Materials . Unpack and remove combustible packing as soon as possible . Avoid large stacks of materials in combustible packaging . Avoid build-up of combustible packaging inside buildings . Remove daily. 2.6.2 2.6.3 Minimum Storage of Flammable Liquids and Gases . Petrol to be stored correctly on site . Weekly stock of gases only to be held in proper compound . Store diesel tanks within bunds . Store LPG/gases correctly . Metal storage bins must be used . Display warning signs on bins, cages, bunds and stacked flammables. 2.6.4 2.6.5 Minimum Storage of Flammable Permanent Materials . Keep stocks small with fire break space between . Remove highly combustible packaging such as straw and bubble wrap . Consider sprinklers and smoke detectors for large store areas . Designate no smoking area around combustible material store/stacks. 2.6.6 2.6.7 Minimum Use of Petrol Machinery . Avoid the use of petrol engine machinery on site . Minimum petrol only allowed on site . Diesel or electrical driven machinery available as alternatives for most operations. 2.6.8 2.6.9 Highly Flammable Liquids . Highly flammable liquids defined as substances with flash point of less than 32°c (90°f) that will support combustion at 50°c (122°f) . Store in metal containers, 4m from buildings and boundary fences . Display sign. Highly Flammable Liquid, No Smoking and No Naked Flame . Provide bund around drum store of total volume + 10% . Provide fire extinguisher point adjacent to storage container . Ensure store is shaded from sun . Transfer in open air, avoid spillage no smoking, soak up with dry sand . Ventilate if indoors at 60cu. metres for every litre evaporated. Avoid static electricity, ensure appliances are earthed . Mark petrol containers Petrol: Highly Inflammable.

2.6.10

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2.6.11 Polystyrene Products used in Construction Process . Keep stocks small with fire break space between . Cover with fire resistant tarpaulins. 2.6.12 2.6.13 Compressors . Compressors frequently catch fire and are likely to set fire to adjacent rubbish therefore: . Must never be petrol driven . Compressors must be sited in the open away from other plant. In enclosed buildings or spaces they are a serious fire risk, flame and noise hazard.

NOTE: MATERIALS SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS) MUST BE AVAILABLE AND USED TO ASSESS RISKS AND IDENTIFY CONTROL MEASURES FOR THE SAFE STORAGE AND USE OF HIGHLY FLAMMABLE MATERIALS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES.

Visual Compliance

Flammable materials identified and stored away from Combustible gas bottles with signs, locked in cage and main activity and other materials. away from other areas.

Flash back arrestors are compulsory for all gas bottles Paints and chemicals should be stored in a locked area

Generators, fuel drums and flammable liquids must be fully bunded and have a fire point nearby

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.1 Fire Prevention Measures 90 Sub-Section 7.1.2 Hot Works

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All hot works processes likely to produce sources of ignition such as burning, grinding, heating, welding, flame cutting, etc. should be controlled by the use of a permit system. Fire extinguishers must be available before issuing permits and an up to date record of details in a site log must be in place. Hot working includes any work involving naked flames, heat or sparks and/or any process which gives rise to the generation of heat which has the potential to cause a fire. Hot Work Permit is generally required for; . Welding including Hot Air or Arc Cutting with flame . Burning . Soldering and brazing . Naked flames . Any area where gas may be present . Any appliance producing – heat, sparks or flame.

Contractors must ensure that; . The area is safe to work. . All combustible materials from area where work is to take place will be removed. . Timber floors will be protected with non-combustible material. . Non-combustible screen will be used for welding and cutting operations. . Suitable fire extinguishers and fire watcher will be provided . Permit must be used. . Follow up checks will be done on completion

Flammable materials should be kept out of any area where welding is taking place. The hands, arms, legs, and feet are particularly vulnerable, so should be protected by gloves. The contractor must ensure that any welding operations are adequately screened (flame proof) or carried out in such a way as to prevent the flashes affecting other site users or any persons in the vicinity, from the effects of arc eye. On completion of any welding works the area must be carefully inspected regularly by the contractor to ensure that the risk of secondary burning is eliminated. . Only proprietary fittings should be used on gas welding equipment. On no account should oil, grease or other substances such as soap be allowed to come into contact with an oxygen regulator valve or fittings, as these substances are explosive in the presence of high pressure oxygen. . It is dangerous to allow the flame to come into contact with the cylinders, or a lighted torch to be hung on a regulator or its guard. . All gas bottles must be fitted with ‘flash-back’ arrestors at torch and regulator and have an appropriate fire extinguisher adjacent to the works. Oxy-acetylene bottles are to be moved on a proprietary trolley, which will have an appropriate fire extinguisher held on the trolley. . All fuel and oxygen bottles are to be fitted with appropriate flash- back arrestors. . Full screening to arc welding is required where controlled access to the welding area is not possible by restricting access. Electric arc welding leads and welding return cables are frequently dragged over rough surfaces. Their insulation should, therefore, be suitable for resisting hard wear and should be examined frequently for defects. The part of the cable which is connected to the electrode holder should be as flexible as possible so as not to hamper the movement of the welder. The welding return should be of a section not less than that of the welding lead. Joints between cable sections should be made with properly constructed insulated cable couplings adequately shrouded, so that live metal is not exposed if the parts of the connector are separated. The welding return should be firmly connected to the metal on which welding is taking place, by means of a well- constructed clamp.

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Visual Compliance

Grinding works with fire resistant screening and fire Hot works should have a fire point located nearby point adjacent

Flashback arrestors should be in use Suitable PPE must be worn for grinding and welding

Protective Valve Guard Flashback Arrestors fitted at Torch and Regulator

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.1 Fire Prevention Measures 91 Sub-Section 7.1.3 Smoking

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Smoking should be prohibited within all enclosed areas and in the vicinity of combustible materials, explosive, and highly flammable liquids/gases.

Smoking is a hazard with the potential to cause fires on site. Smoking should be banned: . In existing occupied buildings . At finishing stages of projects with a large amount of inflammable fittings installed . In toilets and drying rooms . In high risk works (timber floors)

Smoking is allowed: . In the designated smoking areas near to (but not inside) canteen and offices . In concrete structures and open spaces where no flammable materials are present.

Any designated smoking areas should have sand boxes or other suitable container available to allow cigarettes to be safely extinguished.

NOTE: PASSIVE SMOKING IS A RISK TO THE HEALTH OF OTHER PERSONNEL. THERE SHOULD NOT BE ANY DESIGNATED SMOKING AREAS IN AREAS THAT COULD RESULT IN OTHER PERSONNEL BEING SUJECT TO PASSIVE SMOKING.

Visual Compliance

No smoking signs should be prominent in outdoor areas No smoking signs should be prominent in indoor areas

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.2 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems 92 Sub-Section 7.2.1 Fire Alarms

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Adequate arrangements should be made to detect and raise the alarm in the event of a fire or other emergency. Alarms must be audible in all parts of the location where people may be present. Alarm/detector systems should be checked/tested on a monthly basis to ensure they are functional.

This may range from the use of bells, horns or sirens and people assigned to fire watch duties on construction sites to fully automated systems in occupied premises.

Zoned Fire Alarms

Install in: . Refurbishments . Fit outs . Basements . Temporary accommodation . Complex layouts . Consider flashing lights for large or noisy areas . Locate break glass bell pushes by emergency exit staff cores and check they are easily accessible daily.

2.6.14 Manual Fire Alarms Install at : . All fire point stands . All assembly points . All security posts.

2.6.15 Occupied Buildings . Maintain permanent building alarm in working order at all times. Reposition bells that become screened off . Keep building manager aware . Maintain designated fire escape routes at all times.

2.6.16 Alarm Bells . Test alarm bells weekly . Must be loud enough and frequent enough to cover the whole site (check weekly during bell test) . Operated from central control point . Ensure they do not conflict with neighbouring alarm systems . Klaxon on tower cranes are a recommended idea (very audible) . On smaller projects a Klaxon type alarm should be fitted to the site office.

2.6.17 Combined Automatic Detector and Alarm System . Flashing light at perimeter wired to smoke detector in cabin and audible alarm on the outside of cabin.

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Visual Compliance

Fire Detector with automated sprinkler Fire alarm with instruction

Alarm point Manual alarm

‘Break glass and press’ alarm for offices Zoned fire alarm access point

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.3 Means of Escape 93 Sub-Section 7.3.1 Emergency Exit Routes

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Two alternative means of escape must be provided where possible at all work locations. Emergency exit routes must be easily identifiable, kept free from obstruction, have emergency lighting, directional signs and exit points marked and offer some additional level of fire resistance and have fire doors fitted to them where appropriate.

A minimum of two escape routes required from any floor. Mark on plan escape routes and display: . Plan works to ensure escape routes/staircases are free of obstructions. . Fire warden to walk routes daily. 2.6.18 Coordinator to Inspect escape routes/staircases weekly and enter results in register 2.6.19 2.6.20 Fire Escapes . Fire escape routes should e marked on a plan and displayed . Plan works to ensure escape routes/staircases are free of obstructions . Inspect weekly escape routes/staircases and enter results in register . Signs should:  Clearly sign all escape routes and staircases.  Clearly indicate assembly point  Post notices stating action to be taken in the event of a fire 2.6.21 2.6.22 Emergency Lighting . Provide emergency lighting on all escape routes and staircases . Emergency lighting can best be achieved by linking into the temporary lighting system with strategically placed battery operated fluorescent tubes or bulkhead fittings providing a minimum three hour performance

Visual Compliance

Emergency routes should be clear among other signs Mean of escape signed, clear and well lit giving directions

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Emergency signage should be clear in areas where Signs should be clear and where required in multiple routes and corridors merge languages

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.4 Fire Fighting 94 Sub-Section 7.4.1 Fire Fighting Equipment

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Sufficient numbers and types of firefighting equipment must be available and correctly located at all times in accordance with local regulations and good practice. Fire extinguishers, hose reels, fire blankets and riser inlet and outlet valves must be readily accessible, unobstructed, clearly signed and regularly checked.

Fire points should be clearly marked on floor plans position of fire points and prominently display. One fire point for every 500 square meters of floor area.

Fire point plans should be prepared and visible around the site. Include on these plans: . Fire escape routes . Dry riser access points . Hydrants . Emergency assembly point . Fire point sign must be at a height readily seen above stored materials, etc. . Fire points must be conspicuously positioned, i.e. near exits.

Adequate numbers of extinguishers must be provided throughout the site: . All personnel must be trained in their use . Extinguishers must be located in red boxes raised 500mm above the floor level and marked ‘FIRE POINT’. . Portable fire equipment must be serviced at least annually. . Provision of equipment must be reviewed as works progress . Ride on plant should carry an appropriate fire extinguisher

Suitable types of fire extinguishers must be provided and used as per the following guidance:

9 litre water extinguisher Suitable for the following types of fire: . Wood, paper, cloth, straw and all carbonaceous materials. . DO NOT USE ON ELECTRICAL FIRES . Operate in an upright position. Remove safety pin and unclip hose, direct hose nozzle at base of fire and squeeze handle to commence discharge.

CO² fire extinguisher Suitable for the following types of fires: . Electrical fires . Oil, petrol and fat fires. THE ONLY EXTINGUISHER TO BE USED ON ELECTRICAL FIRES.

9 liter foam fire extinguisher Suitable for the following types of fire: . Wood, paper, cloth, straw and all carbonaceous materials. . Oil, petrol and fat fires. . Flammable gases, i.e. L.P.G., acétylène etc.

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Contractors must provide a suitable fire extinguisher, adjacent to hot works being undertaken.

Visual Compliance

Fire point with sand box Movable outdoor fire point with signs

Fire point with mobile extinguishers Fire point with map and alarm

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Fire point clearly delineating foam, and CO Active hydrant with hose 2 extinguishers

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.4 Fire Fighting 95 Sub-Section 7.4.2 Wet/Dry Risers

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Risers should progress with the construction or demolition and be no more than two floors below the construction floor and be regularly tested to ensure adequate water flow rate/pressure. On floors where risers and hose reel coverage is impractical, effective means for extinguishing fires must be provided.

Where a dry/wet riser or falling main is part of the permanent works, it must be installed and commissioned as detailed below. If the permanent riser cannot be installed then temporary arrangements must be made.

Dry risers: . Should be provided for buildings 18-60 metres high from access road . Construct floor by floor above 18m (enclosed floors) . Complete sealed cap with automatic air release valve . Landing valves – tagged-on all floors . Clear signage.

Maintenance: . Six monthly inspection of condition . Twelve monthly – wet tests at top landing valve.

Visual Compliance

Wet riser landing valves should be inspected regularly

Wet riser pump

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Schematic of a suitable riser installation Pressure should be monitored in inspections

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.4 Fire Fighting 96 Sub-Section 7.4.3 Fire Wardens

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: A sufficient number of Fire Marshals/Wardens must be appointed and trained in basic firefighting techniques using the equipment available and in evacuation procedures and their details recorded.

The project must nominate in writing a site fire warden and deputies. The warden and his deputies should be trained and fully conversant with the project fire safety plan. The project is to arrange this training through the training department. A fire warden must conduct a weekly inspection of fire systems and comply with duties as required by the fire plan. Fire wardens must be supplied with high visibility tabard with ‘Fire Warden’ emblazoned and wear this during an emergency. Typically one of the Fire Wardens can be a Security Guard. 2.6.23 Fire Warden Duties

. Enforce the requirements of the construction fire and emergency document . Ensure the fire escape routes are maintained daily . Conduct weekly checks of fire points and extinguishers; enter results in the fire register . Arrange fire drills at three monthly intervals or sooner if required . Ensure fire brigade is directed to scene of incident . Assist in putting out of small fires (if safe to do so) with extinguishers provided . Assist where necessary to evacuate personnel . Ensure key personnel/emergency list updated . Assist the emergency services where required, giving information on LPG stores, high voltage cable routes etc. and other relevant information . Firefighting team – the firefighting team is there to:  Assist in putting out small fires with extinguishers (in addition to other personnel)  To support the fire warden in evacuation and control of workforce during a head count  Inspect and clear designated areas

Visual Compliance

Fire warden training should be undertaken including Fire marshals/wardens should be easily identified understanding different fire extinguisher types

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.4 Fire Fighting 97 Sub-Section 7.4.4 Fire Extinguisher Inspections

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All firefighting equipment must be checked and serviced regularly; including testing of pump sets of wet risers and firefighting lift controls. A regular visual check must be carried out and results recorded on all firefighting equipment to ensure they have not been damaged, discharged or gone missing.

All portable fire extinguishers should be visually inspected on a weekly basis and be part of a recorded monthly inspection program. The monthly inspection shall be performed by the appropriate person.

The regular inspection shall include a check of the following items:

1. Confirm the extinguisher is in its proper location; 2. Confirm the extinguisher is not obstructed; 3. All seals and pins are in place and have not been removed or tampered with; 4. If applicable, check gauge to ensure that the pressure is within the operable range; 5. Examine the extinguisher for obvious signs of physical damage, leakage, corrosion or clogged nozzles; and 6. Ensure that a current service tag is present on extinguisher.

When the appropriate person discovers that the extinguisher is damaged, missing or inoperable, they shall remove the extinguisher from service and replace it with an extinguisher of the same rating and size. If the extinguisher is obstructed, the appropriate department personnel shall contact the person whose materials are obstructing the extinguisher and have them remove the materials immediately, or make arrangements to relocate the extinguisher.

Upon completing the monthly inspection, the appropriate department personnel shall date and initial the backside of the service tag.

All portable fire extinguishers shall have a formal maintenance check completed by a contractor or supplier as per the suppliers and/or regulatory requirements.

Visual Compliance

Inspection tag with project monthly inspection recorded Formal supplier/specialist tags

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number Section 7.4 Fire Fighting Equipment 98 Sub-Section 7.4.5 Emergency Services

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Adequate access must be maintained at all times for emergency services vehicles. Periodic reviews of the firefighting facilities shall be made with local Fire Authority to update equipment, access locations and relevant construction processes and to ensure connections for Fire Authorities satisfy mandatory requirements.

All projects must ensure that access is provided to emergency services. Access must be clear and well maintained and allow access to firefighting services (e.g. hydrants) and to first aid or medical rooms.

Access for emergency services must be part of the project logistics and traffic management plans.

Projects should also have periodic reviews with local fire authorities to ensure that site fire management and fire fighting provisions are suitable and that both parties are familiar with the requirements and capabilities of the other group. Where possible local fire authorities should be used or consulted for appropriate training and awareness for emergency response.

Visual Compliance

Ambulance and fire brigade access should be Local fire authorities to be consulted in training and fire uninhibited and accessible to buildings management provisions

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Physical 7 FIRE & EMERGENCY Element Number

Section 7.5 Evacuation Procedures 99 Sub-Section 7.5.1 Worker & Visitor Awareness

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Fire drills should be held regularly and their results recorded. Evacuation routes and Assembly Points must be well signed and all staff and visitors must be given instruction on emergency warning systems and evacuation procedures and assembly/muster point.

Fire drills on projects should occur on a three-monthly basis. The results should be recorded and monitored to ensure that lessons learnt are recorded and communicated to all staff.

Results of fire drills should be reported to the project Safety Engineer who has the responsibility for assessing the suitability of the fire drill results and to analyse improvement measures.

All staff must receive suitable information on emergency routes and assembly/muster points during inductions.

All visitors must also be given suitable information to ensure that they are aware of evacuation routes and procedures.

Contact details for project and external emergency response must be communicated to all workers and visitors and contact details must be displayed around site including fire points.

Visual Compliance

Fire drills to be conducted on a three-monthly basis Assembly/muster points should be clearly marked

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Assembly points should be away from structures and Site office evacuation routes should be marked sufficient to cater for site workforce numbers

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Physical 8 ROAD WORKS Element Number Section 8.1 General Requirements 100 Sub-Section 8.1.1 Road Works Planning

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All works within the boundary of the work site shall be properly designed and planned and shall require the issuing of Approvals / Non Objections from the concerned party and other parties as may be required for the execution of the work. All such Approvals / Non Objections must be obtained prior to the commencement of any work on the site and shall be compared with utilities and services on site.

Contractors who undertake road works shall conform to all necessary local or higher legislation and shall ensure the protection of his employees as well as the general public.

All works implemented on roads shall be supervised by competent person(s) who have been adequately trained and are permanently available on site whilst the works are being undertaken.

Where works are performed within the links of the road or part of the road the contractor must obtain the necessary prior permission from the concerned parties.

The provision of a complete system of advanced warning signs on highway works are to be maintained by the contractor and the system must be approved by the concerned Local Government Agent .

Where works within the boundary of the working site are considered to constitute a danger or hazard to employees or the general public, Contractors shall suspend the works until verification of improvement has been undertaken.

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 8 ROAD WORKS Element Number Section 8.2 Control of Site Vehicles 101 Sub-Section 8.2.1 Site / Site Access & Egress

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Plant vehicles on site must have amber flashing warning light fixed to the top of the cab, working reversing lights fixed to the rear and reverse alarms which automatically work whilst vehicles are being reversed (See also 2.6.1). In addition the contractor must assign Traffic Control Person (TCP’s) to guide reversing vehicles and to protect other workers on site against moving cars and for the protection of moving cars against the hazards of the construction site.

Before vehicles can be permitted on to site the driver/operator must receive a site induction. Ensure that visiting drivers/operators are made aware of the site layout and rules.

Where possible plan for a one way system or any other method to reduce the need for vehicles reversing.

Site vehicles entering the site from live traffic areas or exiting the site in to live traffic areas must do so from planned and approved entry and exit points. If vehicles exit on to the public highway, ensure good visibility and the use of a banksman wearing a high visibility vest to manage pedestrians would greatly reduce the risks.

A wheel wash should be provided where there is a possibility of contamination of the public highway.

Site vehicles must be maintained in good condition, have an amber flashing warning light (switched on) affixed to the top of the cab, front and rear working turning indicators and working brake and reversing lights fixed to the rear and an auditable working reverse alarm.

Adequate visibility for the driver is a key factor in the safe use of vehicles on site. Adequate visibility from the driving position is judged on the basis of risk and the state-of-the-art technology. Visibility aids such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) and convex mirrors should be fitted to vehicles to overcome significant blind spots along the sides and at the rear of large vehicles, particularly where pedestrians are at risk.

The contractor must ensure safe accessibility to, from and in the work zones at all times. The working zone locations, work being undertaken and traffic flow will determine the level of the control measures required.

Traffic Control Person’s (TCP) also known as flagmen and banksmen should be posted at entry and exit points to warn / guide vehicles and shall be suitably trained to undertake their duties.

Site entry and exit points should be designed and laid out in such a manner so vehicles can accelerate out in to live traffic and de-accelerate in from live traffic reducing the risk of collisions.

Speed limits within the confines of the site boundary should be complied with at all times.

Vehicle operators/drivers must ensure no passengers are carried on vehicles which do not have proper seats provided.

Vehicle operators leaving their vehicles on site must have and wear a hard hat, hi-visibility vest, safety glass and safety boots.

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Visual Compliance

Amber flashing ht affixed to the top of the cab Amber flashing warning light placed along the stretch of the temporary road access

Training given to site personnel for working near Sample of Daily Equipment Checklist equipment

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Physical 8 ROAD WORKS Element Number Section 8.3 Traffic Management 102 Sub-Section 8.3.1 Temporary Traffic Controls (TTC) and Devices (TTCD)

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All TTC require prior Approvals / Non Objections from the concerned party and other parties as may be required for the execution of the work. Consideration for road users and worker safety, and the efficiency of road user flow is an integral element of every TTC zone, from planning through completion and shall be planned to meet the changing conditions within the intended zone.

The contractor shall provide a TTC plan to the consultant prior to TTC installation/removal for their review and comments.

Contractors who undertake TTC works shall conform with all necessary local or higher legislation and shall ensure the protection of his employees as well as the general public during installation and removal.

All TTC works implemented on roads shall be supervised by competent person(s) who have been adequately trained and are permanently available on site whilst TTC installation / removal are being undertaken.

All contractors, consultants and clients employees must have the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and must be aware of road and traffic hazards prior to entering a TTC zone. PPE for road / highway works are categorised Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3. Please refer to Element 103 for descriptions of their use.

The installation/removal of all TTC’s shall only be undertaken on the approval of Risk Assessments, Method Statements, the TTC plan and completion of a traffic management study to determine as a minimum the flow of traffic, appropriate timings for installations/removals, and alternative traffic routes for re-routing traffic if required.

It is best practice to use vehicles fitted with conspicuous warning devices to warn road users to change lane, slow down, and identify men are at work when installing and removing TTC’s.

When installing TTC Devices (TTCD) it is considered best practice to install TTCD’s from the first TTCD motorist’s sees to the last.

When removing TTCD’s it is considered best practice to remove from the last TTCD motorist’s sees to the first.

When installing, relocating or removing TTCD’s it is considered best practice to undertake when traffic is light.

The contractor must ensure safe accessibility to, from and in the TTC zones at all times. The working zone locations, work being undertaken and traffic flow will determine the level of the control measures required.

Traffic Control Persons (TCP) also known as flagmen and banksmen shall be suitably trained to undertake their duties. Personal items such as phones, I-pods etc. that may be a distraction from routine duties should be discouraged.

Regulatory signs shall be used to inform road users of selected traffic laws or regulations and indicate the applicability of the legal requirements.

Traffic Control Devices (TCD) shall be installed in all TTC’s. TCD’s are defined as all signs, signals, markings, and other devices used to regulate, warn, or guide road users, placed on, over, or adjacent to a street, highway, private roads open to public travel.

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Road construction which involves the construction of interchanges, flyovers and bridges that span existing roads/highways shall require additional TCD’s such as, overhead height limiting safety gantries also known as hard and soft gantries. The gantries should be painted red and white, be fitted with height limit warnings, flashing amber warning lights and where possible electronic height detection systems linked to visual displays and a forward located security position that can take action to stop or divert over height vehicles before they strike the hard gantry or construction area. The nature and location of the works shall determine the numbers and locations of both Soft and Hard gantries and the warning systems to be used.

Regulatory signs, lighting and barricading shall be installed at or near where the regulations apply. The signs shall clearly indicate the requirements imposed by the regulations and shall be designed and installed to provide adequate visibility and legibility in order to obtain compliance. Refer to Table 1 – positioning of signs and cones in Visual Compliance window below.

Visual Compliance

Basic safety signs and equipment needed for street and Traffic control devices to warn drivers and pedestrian road works

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Physical 8 ROAD WORKS Element Number Section 8.4 Hazard Management 103 Sub-Section 8.4.1 Minimizing Personal Injury

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Protection of road users, workers and members of the public from construction activities must be controlled at all times. Risk Assessments and Safe Work Method Statements (Safe Work Procedures) must be developed in order to effectively control all identified hazards.

Refer to Element Number 102 for details on protection of road users.

Risk assessments are an essential element of controlling hazards and must be undertaken prior to and throughout the works. Risk assessments should be both site specific and job specific. Generic risk assessments should not be accepted as these may not adequately identify all the hazards within the task at hand, location or environment.

Do not deviate from the Safe Work Method Statements (Safe Work Procedures) or safety instructions. Cutting corners or deviating from the Safe Work Methods can result in injury, property damage or death.

Road work workers must: . Receive site inductions . Receive pre-start briefing on the Safe Work Method Statements and the Risk Assessment . Be trained and competent for the work . Receive frequent tool-box talks . Be aware of hazards . Remain alert at all times . Check surroundings often. Listen for warnings . Keep a safe distance from traffic . Never walk behind reversing vehicles . Not run across roads . Not use personnel items of communication i.e. mobile phones, music players etc whilst on-site . Stay behind protective barriers where possible . Look out for each other and warn co-workers of potential hazards.

Wear the appropriate PPE identified as Class I, Class II and Class III: . Class I – garments are for use in activities that permit the wearer’s full and undivided attention to approaching traffic which should be travelling no faster than 40 Kph. Examples of workers who wear Class I apparel include roadside ‘right of way’ or sidewalk maintenance workers.

. Class II – garments are intended for activities where greater visibility is necessary during inclement weather conditions or in work environments with risks that exceed those of Class I. Garments in this class also cover workers that perform tasks that divert their attention from approaching traffic or that put them in close proximity to passing vehicles travelling at 40 Kph or more. Examples of workers who wear Class II apparel include roadway construction, utility and railway workers.

. Class III – garments provide the highest level of visibility. Class III is for workers who face serious hazards and often have high task loads that require attention away from their work. Garments for these workers should provide enhanced visibility to more of the body, such as the arms and legs. Examples of workers who wear Class III apparel include roadway construction personnel and flagmen (Day or night).

Be aware that:

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. Noise hazards from heavy equipment, pile driving, traffic can distract and cause hearing loss . Asphalt fumes and skin contact can be harmful – fumes can cause eye, respiratory irritation – hot asphalt can burn the skin . Silica can be found in concrete and rock, silica dust is common but it can be very harmful – long term exposure leads to fibrotic (lung scarring) disease and increases the risk of cancer . Wet Concrete can cause dermatitis and skin burns . Sun exposure can cause sun burn, dehydration, heat exposure and skin cancers . Vibrating equipment can cause Hand, Arm and Vibration Syndrome and cause excavations to collapse . Heavy objects lifted by hand may cause back and muscle injuries . Plant/vehicles have blind spots and the operators may not be able to see you . Site Rules are there to be obeyed . Lifted loads should never be walked under or lifted directly over the public or workers heads . Tipper trucks can topple over while tipping their load . Cranes can topple over whilst lifting a load . Uncovered penetrations/unguarded walkways can cause fall injuries or fatalities

All vehicles where possible should protect the driver from work hazards, for example:

. Provide falling object protective structures like installing steel cage in front and over operatives cabin during demolition works. . Provide roll over protective structures and seat belts are required. . Weather . Noxious fumes and dust . Noise and vibration

Visual Compliance

N/A

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.1 Storm water, Sediment and Erosion 104 Sub-Section 9.1.1 Soil or Vegetation Disturbance

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: All excavations and soil or vegetation disturbance activities must prevent and minimise the generation of impacted storm water, topsoil loss and degradation of land quality.

Storm water and sediment must be managed by: . avoiding, wherever possible, excessive topsoil stripping . phased topsoil or vegetation stripping to minimise the amount of exposed earth at a given time . stopping works where there is extreme wind and where possible avoiding topsoil stripping during this period . identifying sensitive environmental receptors such as watercourses and surface water drains that could be impacted by storm water or sediment . assessing site design, site levels, e.g. slopes and soil type e.g. sand, and the increased risk this presents to sensitive environmental receptors; and . if it is likely that sediment or storm water will enter a watercourse enhance protection measures.

Sediment protection measures include:

. Geotextile membranes, such as tram, that can be used to cover exposed drains or used attached to stakes or pins to act as a fence. The membrane should only allow water to pass through and should ‘trap’ sediment; . straw bales that act as sediment filters, that can be placed around drains or watercourses; . drain covers for example clay caps that prevent sediment containing water from entering the drainage network; . in extreme circumstance sediment settlement tanks should be used to remove silt prior to water being discharged; and . any water discharge to either a water course of drainage network requires a licence which can be obtained from the local environmental protection agency or drainage provider.

The storm water and sediment control systems in place must be adequate in size and nature for the project. They must be cleaned regularly to ensure that they function at optimum efficiency.

In all instances, ongoing monitoring is required to ensure that the physical protection measures do not cause water to collect and accumulate in a certain area (known as ponding) as this can cause a flooding issue. If accumulation occurs, temporary alternative drainage arrangement will need to be implemented.

Discharge of wastewater to surface water features or foul sewer The discharge of wastewater to surface water features or a foul sewer requires a discharge permit. For surface water features this must be obtained from the relevant environmental protection agency. The local utility undertaker will provide a permit for foul sewer discharge. Do not discharge any water to the foul sewer, groundwater or surface water without a valid discharge permit. Discharge permits require systematic chemical (sometimes biological) analysis and the specific permitted levels will be stated as license conditions. Licences, details of each discharge (amount, where and when) along with any details of chemical testing must be kept in the Environment File.

All sites must have an up to date drainage plan which identifies the drain types on site. These should be colour coded as red for foul and blue for surface. The drainage plan must be consulted in the event of an uncontrolled discharge of spill to locate isolate the incident prior to it reaching a sensitive receptor e.g. a water course.

Any solid or liquid waste released to the environment should be reported as an incident by the Contractor to the Construction Management / Supervision. A copy of the Contractor’s incident report will be submitted to AECOM for reporting into the ENVIANCE, definitions for these incident types are listed below: . Environmental Damage – any incident that results in damage to, or has an negative effect on, the environment; or . Environmental Near Miss – an event that, while not resulting in environmental damage, had the potential to do so if not stopped at the time or managed going forward.

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It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager (PM) or nominated person to ensure that: . pollution prevention controls are in place to prevent waste liquids from entering the environment; . all water discharges that are made from the site have a valid and in date discharge permit and are meeting the requirements of the permit; and . any environmental incidents are reported to the Contractor’s SH&E Department and AECOM.

NOTE: Please see 8 for further information.

Visual Compliance

Sediment protection Sediment settlement tank

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.2 Air and Noise Emission 105 Sub-Section 9.2.1 Environmental Impacts

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Construction sites have the potential to generate significant environmental impacts on and off site through interactions with land, air and water and need to be effectively managed in order to avoid legal implications.

All excavations and soil or vegetation disturbance activities must prevent and minimize the generation of dust by: . dampening down dusty activities with a fine mist water spray to prevent dust from moving beyond the site boundary – beware this can create a silt issue and drainage systems and other surface water features may need further protection measures (refer to Storm water and Sediment Management, below) . regularly using road brush / sweepers on site to remove mud which is likely to produce dust in dry conditions . using wheel washers prior to vehicles leaving site . covering stockpiles with sheeting or battering the surface . covering and/or sheeting all lorries and skips that are used for the removal of material . using dust fencing during construction (vertical mesh sheeting that allows air and particles to pass through a fine mesh, but does not allow dust particles to pass); and . where working on contaminated sites, contaminated dusts and silt may need to be dealt with as hazardous waste. If contaminated land exists, the treatment of contaminated dusts and silts will be detailed in the site’s remediation plan (refer to AECOM’s Means and Methods 9.3 Soils and Contaminated Groundwater).

Specific noise and noise monitoring requirements will be stated as part of the planning conditions for the site and/or in any noise level requirements set by the local authorities. This will also include pre-determined site working hours. Prior to starting works: . check that the relevant noise and vibration agreements, requirements and consents are in place with the local authority (these will be specific to each local authority) for the general works on site and understand the local authorities expectations for noise management for specific activities. . the potential for noise and vibration should be noted and managed through the project management and main contractor’s risk assessments and method statements. . site operations must not take place outside of the operating hours stipulated by the local authority . plan the site layout so that noisy machinery and plant are located away from noise sensitive locations e.g. generators located away from residential properties . if the local authority serves a penalty notice to the Contractor for excessive noise / vibration this must be raised immediately with the Contractor’s SH&E Manager as an environmental incident; reported to the Construction Management / Supervision SH&E Team and AECOM’s SH&E and legal department. This incident will be reported on ENVIANCE. . monitor background noise at noise sensitive locations, for example, residential areas, before works begin and periodically during the contract . only use monitoring equipment that has a current calibration certificate and if this is not available alternative equipment must be used . include any additional information with the data collected to include: records of the date, time, location and the person who undertook the monitoring, as well as a description of the activities being undertaken at the time; and . only a technically competent person(s) can monitor noise and vibration, for example, this is a person that holds a noise competency certificate.

The Contractor’s Site Environmental File must contain: . the location of any noise monitoring points and mitigation measures clearly marked on a site plan . the levels of permissible noise as prescribed in the planning conditions . the frequency of monitoring

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. all monitoring records and results; and . any mitigation actions that has been taken where noise thresholds have been exceeded.

All plant must be serviced regularly and conform to the country’s vehicle emission standards – refer to AECOM – ’s Means and Methods 9.10 Waste Management for further details.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager or nominated person to ensure that: . physical controls are used and that site activities are planned in such a way to prevent and minimize the generation of dust . the site operates within the noise and vibration criteria set by the local authority and planning permissions . full records of noise and vibration monitoring are maintained; and . all plant and equipment are serviced regularly and fulfil the country’s emissions criteria.

Visual Compliance

Cleaning of the municipal road Dampening down

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Wheel wash for large operations Dampening down

Tidy stockpile sheeted to prevent dust Road sweeper cleaning debris off road

Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.3 Soils and Groundwater Contamination 106 Sub-Section 9.3.1 Contamination

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Soil and groundwater can be subject to differing levels of contamination either as a result of previous development, an environmental incident or naturally occurring features. Construction activities can create pathways for contamination to travel to sensitive environmental features and/or people and if not managed appropriately could be harmful.

Contaminated land/soils are subject to legislative requirements and therefore usually assessed as part of the planning process and the associated environmental proposals.

Prior to starting work: . check the relevant planning documents and associated permissions (including those specific to the local authority) and site’s environmental appraisals for any identified area of contaminated soils or groundwater

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. if contaminated soils or groundwater have been identified ensure that a remediation plan has been developed by a competent person . if a remediation plan has not been provided, and contamination is known to be present, ensure that one is produced by a technically competent person; . the remediation plan will detail the required management and validation process that must be followed . works must not commence until the contaminated land status of the site has been determined by a competent person.

CONTAMINATED LAND If contaminated land has been identified this must be: . segregated by using a physical barrier or fence that is fit for purpose (taking into account the site’s environmental conditions such as high winds) for preventing cross contamination and unauthorized access . clearly and visibly signposted with relevant warning signage, exit and entry requirements, environment and . safety procedures and relevant contact numbers e.g. Construction and/or Project Manager; . be regularly checked for suitability by a competent person; and . be managed in accordance with the site’s remediation strategy.

Any site operations such as excavation, movement, treatment, processing or remediation of contaminated soils or groundwater must be assessed for risk, planned and then conducted in accordance with the requirements of High Risk Activities.

During works if contamination, contaminated soils, groundwater is identified or suspected: . immediately stop work and segregate the area as detailed above . seek advice from a technically competent person to assess the contamination risk and develop a remediation plan (if required); and . do not re-start works in that area until advised to do so by the competent person.

The techniques and level of remediation required will depend on the nature and amount of contamination identified. All remediated areas must be segregated and signposted to keep them separate from those areas awaiting remediation.

Validation ensures that the agreed remediation strategies have taken place and have been successful; the procedure will be outline in the remediation strategy. Validation must be successfully completed and confirmed by a competent person prior to any construction works taking place in areas that have be remediated. A copy of the validation report will be required to close-out the contaminated land associated planning conditions.

Full records of remediation and validation must be maintained in the Contractor’s Project Environment File and these should include: . records of all remediation activities . records of all material movements (contaminated soils will usually need to be removed as hazardous waste) . waste tracking/movement documentation; . soil validation / chemical test reports (and corresponding testing regime approved by the local authority); . local authority sign off / correspondence between local authority and consultant / AECOM on validation results; and . a Validation Report confirming that the site has been remediation successfully and in accordance with the remediation strategy.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager (PM) or nominated person to ensure that: . the status of contaminated land is confirmed prior to works starting on site; . if contaminated land has been identified that remediation is carried and its success is validated by a competent person.

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Visual Compliance

Site investigation may be required Remediation in segregated area

Contaminated groundwater encountered Segregate and use signage

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.4 Biodiversity and Natural Habitats 107 Sub-Section 9.4.1 Habitats

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: MEANS & METHODS FOR COMPLIANCE Biodiversity is the term used to describe plants, trees and animals on or near the site. Some species and their habitats, including water bodies, are specifically protected by legislation and whilst other species are considered as a nuisance or ‘invasive’. The poor management of biodiversity and natural habitats can incur fines from regulatory bodies. Fines can be incurred from poor management of protected species can be very high and site biodiversity should therefore be treated with great importance. Plants and animals can be referred to as flora and fauna, where flora are plants and fauna are animals.

Prior to starting work on site: . check the relevant planning documents and associated permissions (including those specific to the local authority) and site’s environmental appraisals for any identified areas of environmental designation, protected habitat or species and landscape designation . as part of the site’s environmental appraisal ensure that a biodiversity and habitat assessment has been conducted by a suitably competent person and review this to determine if the site has any protected flora and fauna . if protected flora and fauna or environmental designations have been identified within or immediately adjacent to the site seek advice from a technically competent person on how to manage the specific features and/or species . any details regarding biodiversity and natural habitats must be included in the project’s risk register and assessed in accordance with the stated methodology . depending on the flora or fauna management measures usually include one of the following: conducting works outside of a specific season, conducting works at a specific time of day, installing exclusion fencing and the creation of new habitats . a license from the local regulatory body will be required to manage and handle any protected species; the license will stipulate the permitted management procedures. This should be obtained via a suitably competent person who hold the relevant licenses; and . ensure that the relevant environmental bodies and local authorities are consulted on all activities and decisions that could affect any designated flora, fauna or landscape.

NB: A technically competent person would be, for example, a suitably qualified ecologist.

All areas of designated flora, fauna or landscape must be: . segregated by using a physical barrier or fence that is fit for purpose and regularly checked for suitability by a competent person (taking into account site’s environmental conditions such as high winds) for protecting the features and preventing unauthorized and uncontrolled access . clearly and visibly signposted with relevant warning signage, exit and entry requirements, environment and safety procedures and relevant contact numbers e.g. Construction or Project Manager; and . be managed in accordance with the site’s biodiversity and habitat management plans.

Depending on the species, management activities and therefore site operations will be restricted to certain times of year and therefore require consideration in project planning.

Other features of interest: Trees . check the planning documents and conditions, and, environmental appraisals for any tree protection or preservation orders; . if tree protection information is unclear check the status of any trees onsite or adjacent to the boundary with the local environmental protection agency; . undertake all of the management procedures stated by the planning condition or regulatory authority,

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these will include implementing exclusion fencing around the tree at a distance from the trunk equal to the tree canopy; and . set-up up exclusion zones, as above, for any trees on site that are being kept as part of design.

Invasive Species Invasive species are plants that cause significant structural damage, compete with native species and destroy habitats and can spread extremely easily, being persistent and difficult to control. In most cases it is illegal to knowingly cause the spread of an invasive species. Common types of invasive species include: . Japanese Knotweed . Giant Hogweed . Himalayan Balsam . Common Ragwort; and . Horse’s Tail / Mare’s Tail.

Prior to starting works: . follow the process for checking the planning and site environmental appraisal documents (above) for any details of known invasive species; and . if invasive species have been identified, segregate the applicable areas using physical barriers or fencing and follow the logistical management procedure outline for protected species, above; and . when evaluating the management and/or removal procedure with a competent person ensures that the use of herbicides is the last resort.

If invasive species are encountered during works: . immediately stop work in the area . protect the area by fencing (see above) . seek advice from technically competent person who will advise on the management process (the use of herbicides should be the last resort); and . do not continue works in this area until advised to do so by the competent person.

The above lists are not exhaustive and can be country, region and site specific and all information should be checked prior to works beginning on site with the relevant local and regulatory authorities.

Any site operations within or immediately adjacent to areas of protected habitat, species or landscape designation must be assessed for risk, planned and then conducted in accordance with the requirements of High Risk Activities.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager (PM) or nominated person to ensure that: . areas of designated habitat, protected or invasive species have been adequately identified; . areas of designated habitat, protected or invasive species are suitably segregated from main site activities via protective perimeters that also prevent unauthorized access; . all local authority ecological assessment and management requirements/licenses are appropriately implemented; and . if any areas of designated habitat, protected or invasive species are discovered during site operations work is immediately stopped, the area is segregated from the main activities and subjected to an ecological appraisal to provide the suitable management options.

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Visual Compliance

Dolphins Bird

Protection in place

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.5 Heritage and Artefacts 108 Sub-Section 9.5.1 Heritage

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Archaeological and cultural heritage remains are irreplaceable and provide evidence, in some cases the only evidence, of the past development of civilization. As a result archaeological and cultural heritage remains are protected through the planning process and by specific legislation and regulatory requirements.

Prior to starting works: . check the relevant planning documents and associated permissions (including those specific to the local authority) and site’s environmental appraisals for any identified cultural heritage, archaeological remains or artefacts . as part of the site’s environmental appraisal ensure that a Heritage Assessment has been conducted by a suitably competent person and review this to determine if the site has any specific features on interest . if archaeological, cultural heritage or artefacts have been identified within, or immediately adjacent, to the site seek advice from a technically competent person on how to manage the specific features . any details regarding cultural heritage and archaeology must be included in the project’s risk register and assessed in accordance with the stated methodology; . depending on the cultural heritage or archaeological feature the management measures usually include one of the following: preservation in the ground, excavation with detailed recording and cataloguing, and if a feature hasn’t been identified but could be present, a watching brief; . ensure that all management activities are undertaken with supervision of a technically competent person; and . ensure that the relevant environmental bodies and local authorities are consulted on all activities and decisions that could affect any cultural heritage or archaeological features/remains.

A technically competent person would be, for example, a qualified archaeologist.

All areas of cultural heritage and archaeological remains must be: . segregated by using a physical barrier or fence that is fit for purpose and regularly checked for suitability by a competent person (taking into account site’s environmental conditions such as high winds) for protecting the features and preventing unauthorized access . clearly and visibly signposted with relevant warning signage, exit and entry requirements, environment and safety procedures and relevant contact numbers e.g. Contractor’s Construction or Project Manager; and . managed in accordance with the site’s cultural heritage and archaeological management plans. . In the event that unexpected cultural heritage, archaeological remains or artefacts are found . immediately stop work in the area and do not attempt to remove the remains/feature . protect the area by fencing (see above) . seek advice from technically competent person, for example a qualified archaeologist, who will advise on the management process; . do not continue works in this area until advised to do so by the competent person.

If human remains are found: . follow the procedure above and immediately report the find to the to the relevant Authority or equivalent body, and, the local coroner . the relevant Authority (or similar body) will then prescribe the course of action for recording, excavating and removing the remains under the appropriate licenses; and . do not continue works until advised to do so by the relevant Authority (or similar body).

If ‘treasure’ (or precious metals) including coins, material over 300 years old or material with a high content of gold are silver are found: . it must be reported to your SH&E Manager who will provide further advice or contact details as to where the advice can be obtained; . any objects found with the treasure are also protected and must also be reported as part of the find;

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and . all finds of treasure must be reported to the relevant Authority immediately. Finds of treasure are subject to an inquest to determine ownership.

Any site operations that have the potential to impact heritage, cultural or archaeological features or items must be assessed for risk, planned and then conducted in accordance with the requirements of High Risk Activities.

In some instances environmental regulators or the local authority may require noise and vibration management and monitoring to ensure the protection of the feature (refer to AECOM’s Means and Methods 9.2 Noise and Air Emissions).

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager (PM) or nominated person to ensure that: . all of the necessary measures and controls are in place to manage any specific pre-determined requirements from environmental regulators and local authorities on how to manage archaeological and cultural heritage features; and . in the event that unidentified features or finds are encountered work is stopped in the relevant area and that advice is sought from a technically competent person, such as a qualified archaeologist.

NOTES: (Refer to National Archaeology Requirements for additional measures or legislation).

Visual Compliance

Archaeological excavations in a fenced and segregated Archaeological feature in segregated area area

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.6 Hazardous Materials 109 Sub-Section 9.6.1 Hazardous Substances

How to Comply with the Standard

Table 1: Hazardous Waste Types Hazardous Materials Hazardous / Special Waste

Asbestos containing materials Asbestos contaminated arising’s Bituminous mixtures containing coal tar (hazardous) Coal Tar and tarred products Contaminated arising’s, hazardous Fluorescent tubes and mercury containing waste (including energy saving bulbs) Full/part full paint /adhesive tins Gases in pressure containers (inc. Halons) containing dangerous substances (haz) Insulation materials containing asbestos (haz) Lead acid batteries Mercury containing batteries Nickel Cadmium batteries Solid wastes from soil remediation containing dangerous substances Solvents & adhesives Spent activated carbon (e.g. from remediation projects) Transformers and capacitors containing PCBs Used absorbents/spill kit materials (inc. fuel/oil)

Used aerosols REQUIREMENT: Hazardous Substances have the potential to harm both human health and the environment.Waste Electrical Equipment, WEEE containing CFC, HCFC, HFC

Waste Electrical Equipment, WEEE containing free asbestos The following substances must not be used: Waste. asbestos Electrical or Equipment, asbestos containingWEEE containing/contaminated products; with PCBs . lead, or materials containing lead that may be ingested, inhaled or absorbed Waste. paints Electrical or treatments Equipment, that WEEE contain containing/contaminated arsenic, lead, copper orwith chromium hazardous components (other than asbestos. equipment or PCBs) or components containing Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Hydro Chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), Halons, etc.; Waste. pesticides oil/fuel or herbicides containing organophosphate or organochlorine; . Pentachlorophenol or timber treated with Pentachlorophenol

. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Polychlorinated Terphenyls (PCTs); . Lindane (gamma-HCH); and . Tributyltin.

Prior to starting any works that may involve the use of materials and products: . check that the materials do not contain the substances listed above . if the materials and products do contain any of the substances listed above, alternative products must be procured.

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Only a volume equivalent to seven days’ supply of fuels, oils, chemicals, solvents, pesticides, fertilizers are to be stored on site. Where seven days’ supply is stored this must comply with the following: . all fuel tanks are to be integrally bonded* (sealed) or located within a Secondary Containment System (SCS)/bund* capable of holding a minimum of 110% of the maximum capacity of the tank being stored . all drums and containers containing fuels, oils, chemicals, solvents, pesticides, fertilizers are to be stored within a SCS with a minimum capacity of at least 110% of the largest container or at least 25% of the total volume (whichever is the greatest) of those being stored . all valves, filters, sight gauges, vent pipes or other related equipment (not including a fill pipe or draw off pipe, or if the oil has a flash point of less than 32°C, a pump) must be situated within the SCS . all tanks and containers containing fuels, oils, chemicals, solvents, pesticides, fertilizers must be protected from damage and sited at least 10m away from any surface water features (streams and rivers) or drainage systems . all storage areas must be segregated via security fencing, have clear signage (including the soil response procedure, see below) and be locked at all times . storage areas must have sealed concrete floors that are in good conditions, a roof and be located away from high volume traffic areas and pedestrian zones . all containers must be labelled with contents and maximum volume, and be of sufficient condition strength and structural integrity to ensure it is unlikely to burst or leak in its ordinary use; . material safety data sheets (MSDS)/control of substances hazardous to health (COSHH) assessments must be available for all chemicals, oils and fuels on site and be given to all contractors that are to use the materials; . mobile bowsers are to be kept locked when not in use, for example, with a padlock and returned to the storage area when not in use; and . the storage area must contain a hazardous materials bin that is to be used as temporary storage in the event of an emergency. The bin must be of an adequate size to hold hazardous materials that may arise from an emergency situation (e.g. a 205 liter drum to hold used spill kit materials).

The details of all dangerous good (fuels, oils, chemicals, solvents, pesticides and fertilizers) must be documented in a hazardous materials register that is kept on site at all times.

The storage, use and safety (health and environment) requirements must be communicated to all site personnel as part of the site induction process.

In areas where any hazardous materials are stored there must also be appropriate spill kit materials and firefighting equipment that are suitable for managing the spillage of all substances contained in the storage areas. In the event of a spill the “Stop, contain, notify” procedure must be followed: . STOP - Asses the hazard, if necessary evacuate personnel (e.g. where mass volumes of fuel have spilled/tank has ruptured) and switch off/remove any sources of ignition (e.g. mobile phones, plant and cigarettes). Ensure that anyone dealing with the spill is wearing the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) before tackling the spill. Identify the source of pollution and stop it, if safe to do so, for example, by turning off any taps/valves or stemming the flow using bung . CONTAIN - Contain the spill, taking into account any dangers associated, using the designated spill kits. Check the site drainage plans to identify the route any spill may take and take action to divert the spill from drains and watercourses wherever possible; and . NOTIFY - Once contained, contact the Contractor’s Project Manager (or person with overall site responsibility). Any contaminated/used spill kit materials must be bagged appropriately using bags (provided in spill kit), labelled as hazardous waste, and segregated from other wastes ready for collection by a registered waste carrier. The incident must also be reported to the Construction Supervision SH&E Team and AECOM. This incident will be recorded on Enviance.

The contents of spill kits varying depending in the material the material involved in a spill, the majority of spill kits can deal with any spillage, as a minimum a spill kit must contain:

. absorbent granules for use on hard surfaces where spilled oil has collected . absorbent pads for when oil needs to be wiped off a surface where water is present, for example, a drip tray or fuel hose . oil only absorbent pads for when oil needs to be removed from water . absorbent booms for when oil needs to be prevented from moving on either a hard surface or water . drain blockers (where necessary) . a shovel so that used granules can be picked up safely . gloves to handle used pads and booms . plastic bags to safely dispose of used granules, pads or booms (which are disposed of as hazardous waste)

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. a wheelie bin (or other large enough container) to store all of the above on site where it might be needed and out of the rain; and . a copy of the Spill Response procedure for dealing with spillages.

If any spill kit contents are used, spare replacements should available and ensure that any used contents are replaced within 48 hours. Ensure regular (weekly) checks are carried out to ensure spill kit contents are maintained and any missing items are reordered in accordance with the timescale above. When refueling: . always use a funnel or appropriate refueling dispensing nozzle (diesel pump) and a drip tray . refuel in a level, designated refueling area whenever possible . ensure refueling area has suitable secondary containment, such as a bund*, and is constructed of materials that will not allow fuel/oil to penetrate or escape from the bund*; . regularly check (weekly or after heavy periods of rain) the water or liquid levels within bunds*, any fuel or oil contained within these bunds*(including rainwater) will need to be pumped out into a suitable container and disposed of as hazardous waste. Ensure waste contractors are notified what the waste is and that it is classed as hazardous; and . have stocked and adequate spill kits and drip trays in all fueling areas or with all mobile fueling equipment.

The handling and removal of hazardous building materials must be planned and incorporated into the site’s daily action plans. All hazardous building waste must be: . segregated from other wastes in a secure area with controlled exit and entry away from any operations that are likely to come into contact with the material . located away from drainage system and environmentally sensitive locations, for example, rivers and streams; and . depending on the nature of the hazardous material decontamination may be required.

Disposal of hazardous waste All movements of hazardous waste must be accompanied by a hazardous waste consignment note and be removed from site by a registered and licensed waste carrier;

Prior to disposing of hazardous waste it must be classified, usually via chemical analysis, to determine its disposal location, this must be undertaken by a technically competent person;

Some wastes e.g. asbestos, are always considered to be hazardous whereas other wastes are only hazardous if they contain dangerous substances exceeding a certain pre-determined threshold e.g. contaminated soils;

Full or part-full paint tins/mastic tubes are likely to be designated as hazardous waste. However this is dependent upon the type of paint and chemical content (obtain the material safety data sheet (MSDS) and consult your Sustainability Manager for further details).

Empty paint tins/mastic tubes containing a residue (assuming there are no special requirements e.g. specialist paint containing radioactive isotopes etc.) should be classed as non-hazardous assuming the MSDS has been checked and the residue has hardened and is minimal; and

No liquid waste must be disposed of with general wastes, it is illegal to dispose of liquid waste to landfill (this includes unhardened paints – as these may also be classed as hazardous in their own right).

Contact the site’s Environmental Operations Manager (or Sustainability Manager) to identify which specific tests are required to classify hazardous waste types.

Examples of hazardous wastes are provided in Table 1, above:

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New underground fuel storage tanks preferably not be installed on any AECOM owned site. Any existing and redundant storage tanks must be decommissioned: . contact a licensed contractor to decommission the tanks . the contractor will detail the management process required to decommission the tanks; . the decommissioning must be accommodated within the project plan and certain activities may be restricted whilst decommissioning is taking place. . ensure that the tanks are routinely tested/inspected for integrity . inspection must include pressure tests in accordance with the manufacturer guidelines or every 24 months (whichever is less); and . testing must be undertaken by a technically competent person (a licensed practitioner).

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager or nominated person to ensure: . that the non-permitted hazardous substances are not used on site . that fuels, oils, chemicals, solvents, pesticides and fertilizers are appropriately stored and that emergency provisions e.g. spill kits are always available . hazardous building waste is appropriately classified and disposed of; and . the decommissioning of any underground fuel storage tanks are appropriately decommissioned.

Visual Compliance

Fuel tank on a bonded station Oil drums on a bonded station with drip tray

Oil drum placed on a secondary containment Use spill kit placed on a sealed container

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Large volume of oil drums are placed on a big bonded Hazardous materials (asbestos) are properly sealed station before being disposed

Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.7 Materials Selections 110 Sub-Section 9.7.1 Sustainable Materials

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: AECOM is committed to ensuring that all of the materials used are sustainable and resource efficient. Therefore, Contractors are encouraged to share the same commitment and make the site a sustainable one. Preference should be given to those materials with a recycled content (part of the material comes from recycled rather than virgin material) and that use reduced quantities of, and, recycled packaging.

The recycled content packaging specifications should be checked with suppliers prior to ordering materials and all of the related documentation retained to prove the recycled content of the materials and kept in the project’s Environment File.

All photocopier paper must be contain a minimum of 80% recycled content and the use of FSC certified Evolve Brand papers for general printing/photocopying. The recycled content of the paper should be checked with the supplier prior to purchase. If the recycled content is lower than 80%, do not accept the paper and seek an alternative produce and or supplier. The remaining content i.e. 20% should be FSC certified. All the related documentation should be retained to prove the recycled content of the paper and kept in the project’s Environmental File.

All temporary and permanent timber to be used on AECOM projects must be accredited by the Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC) or PEFC (EMEA only, with preference for FSC). The accreditation proves that the timber is from legal and sustainable sources.

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When procuring and using materials, preference should be given to those that comply with one or more of the following standards: . BES 6001 - Framework Standard for the Responsible Sourcing of Construction Products. . ISO 14001 – Environmental Management Standard. . Timber – see paragraph above.

Material delivery notes and associated documentation are essential to prove origin and legality and must contain: . name of supplying company . name of purchasing company . origin address . destination address . description . volume/tonnage . value . recycled content . date . name of delivery driver . unique delivery code . reference number for any relevant certifications (i.e. FSC/BES 6001) . recycled content value, as a percentage; and . chain of custody information (timber – see below).

For timber, all suppliers and handlers must have FSC or PEFC certification; this is referred to as a ‘chain of custody’. If any suppliers or handlers do not have FSC accreditation the chain of custody is broken and the timber can no longer be classified as FSC (or PEFC) – AECOM - EF4 form must be completed for all timber products.

All material specifications should be specified and included in the project’s tender documentation: . AECOM Materials Position Statements e.g. Timber and FSC . clearly denote material standards and that preference will be given to products with BES 6001 certification; and . details of AECOM’s Grey and Black List materials (see below).

Black List Materials (EMEA): Suppliers and contractors must guarantee that these materials will not be used on AECOM projects and that the substances are not substantially present in products supplied to AECOM projects: . Aggregates not in compliance with BS EN 206-1: 2000 and BS 8500 : 2002 . Asbestos or asbestos containing products; . Azodoic Dyes (Azo Dyes) . Calcium Chloride admixtures in reinforced concrete - Appropriate limits for chloride ion sources are detailed in BS5328 and BS8110. Only admixtures with sufficiently low chloride content to meet these overall limits should be used in mixes in contact with steel or corrodible metal. This includes mortar in contact with metal wall ties . CFCs, HCFCs, Halons etc. . High Alumina Cement (HAC) in structural elements . Lead used in circumstances (in the UK), where prohibited by legislation . Lindane (gamma-HCH) . Mundic Blocks and Mundic Concrete . Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) . Polychorinated Terphenyls (PCTs) . Pentachlorophenol or timber treated with Pentachlorophenol . Tributyltin (TBT) . Urea Formaldehyde Foam or other materials that may release formaldehyde at concentrations above limits set by HSE; and . Vermiculite - Use of vermiculite products is only permitted where it has been established that it is free from asbestos fibres.

Grey List Materials (EMEA):

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The following materials should not be used without guidance from the sustainability group, safety and/or legal departments: . Expanded Polystyrene Products . Man Made Mineral Fiber (MMF) or naturally occurring fiber with a thickness of 3 microns or less and between 5 and 200 microns in length, unless appropriately sealed to prevent migration . PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) and other non-biodegradable plastics . Polyurethane or Polyisocyanate Foam . Solvent Based Paints . Tropical Hardwoods (unless from credibly certified source e.g. FSC); and . Wood Wool Cement Slabs used as permanent formwork.

(Also refer to AECOM’s Means and Methods 9.6 Hazardous Materials). It may be necessary to use these materials (for example lead is often a requirement on listed building), in which case the material must be justified and approved by AECOM through submission of an approval form to the SH&E or Sustainability Team.

National or local legislation may prohibit the use of other materials or substances in specific circumstances. The requirements of all applicable legislation relevant to the country must be checked prior to selection a particular material and must be strictly adhered to at all times.

Many black and grey list materials are hazardous and if they are present on site, e.g. with an existing building; a management plan, risk assessment and COSHH report must be developed and implemented.

Any imported soil or fill that is to be used for landscaping must be accompanied by the relevant documentation that proves it is fit for purpose and is within legislative requirements of the country e.g.: . the material is not contaminated; and . is of a suitable geotechnical standard.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager or nominated person to ensure that: . Materials have the highest recycled content possible with paper at a minimum of 80% (where possible). . all timber products carry the relevant certification (FSC) (where possible ). . materials on the black list are not used on site and if they are already present on site that a risk assessment has been completed and a management procedure is in place . where possible, materials on the grey list are not used without Sustainability Team approval via the EF14 form, and;

. any soil or fill material brought to site is suitable for use and complies with local and national legislative standards of country of operation.

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Visual Compliance

Example of FSC Registration Certificate Sample of Materials Use Justification Form (EF14)

Timber Source Certification Form

Sample of Timber Source Certification Form (EF4) VOC labelling examples

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.8 Energy Consumption 111 Sub-Section 9.8.1 Energy Saving

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: It is an AECOM priority to design, build and operate zero carbon buildings because energy use and the associated carbon emissions impact the environment, profitability and reputation. To effectively manage energy use, consumption needs to be monitored and recorded.

All mains electricity should be metered to allow site energy use to be monitored and recorded. Prior to works starting on site, where an meter is not already in place, the local energy supplier should be contacted to arrange for a meter(s) to be installed on mains electricity supplies. The meter must be located in a convenient place that will allow it to be easily read on a regular basis and the location of the meter and the unique reference number should be recorded in the Contractor’s Project Environmental File.

In the event that a meter is not in place full justification must be provided to the Environmental Operations Team. All energy consumption must be recorded as follows: . electricity meter readings must be taken monthly (electricity meters record consumption in kWhr) . meter readings must be recorded and . actions should be taken to reduce energy consumption, reliance on mains electricity and eliminate wastage wherever possible.

All new office equipment, kitchen appliances and portable heating/cooling units procured must be energy efficient. The efficiency of an appliance will be represented on the Energy Performance Label. All appliances must be checked prior to purchase: . where possible to ensure they have an energy performance rating of B or higher (ratings are from A to G, A is the most efficient); . where possible if the rating is lower than B, alternative appliances must be used; and . to ensure that they have an Energy Performance Label clearly and visibly displayed on the appliance.

All incandescent light bulbs must be phased out and replaced with more energy efficient compact incandescent or LED lamps and a plan must be developed that clearly defines how and when this will be achieved.

Contact ICT and ensure that the automated shut down software is installed on all corporate PCs and laptops and use timer switches to automate the shutdown of printers and photocopiers.

All temporary buildings should have an insulation level and site location appropriate for the country’s climate and site conditions. Indicators that the insulation and/or site location is not suitable include: In the summer: . high cooling costs . uncomfortably warm or hot . condensation, dampness and or mold; and . glare / poor visibility from direct sunlight through windows.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager or nominated person to ensure that: . electricity meters are installed on all mains supply points; . where possible office equipment, kitchen appliances and portable heating/cooling units procured have an energy performance rating of B or higher and display Energy Performance Labels; . where possible incandescent light bulbs are phased out and there is a plan is place to demonstrate this;

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. where possible all corporate PCs and laptops have the company automatic shutdown software installed and that the shutdown of photocopiers and printers are automated, as a minimum, through the use of timer switches; and . where possible all temporary buildings are appropriately insulated and are located to benefit from natural heating and cooling.

NOTES Refer to Carbon and Energy Management and Reduction for additional requirements.

Visual Compliance

Typical digital electricity meter Typical dial electricity meter

Energy efficiency label LED lamp

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.9 Water Consumption 112 Sub-Section 9.9.1 Saving water

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Water is a limited natural resource and measures must be taken to improve water efficiency through monitoring, identifying waste and implementing measures to reduce consumption.

All mains drinking water supplies should be metered to allow site water use to be monitored and managed. Prior to starting works on site, if a meter is not already in place, the local water supplier should be contacted to arrange for meter(s) to be installed on all mains water supply points. The meter must be located in a convenient place that will allow it to be easily read on a regular basis and the location of the meter should be recorded in the Contractor’s Project Environmental File.

In the event that a meter is not in place full justification must be provided to the Environmental Operations Team. Water consumption should be recorded as follows: . water meter readings must be taken monthly (water meters record consumption in m3) . meter readings must be recorded; and . actions should be taken to reduce water consumption and eliminate wastage wherever possible.

All site facilities must use water saving appliances and must have dual flush toilets, refer to Table 1 below for requirements. Those appliances that do not comply with Table 1 must be phased out and a plan must be developed that clearly defines how and when this will be achieved.

All hoses should be fitted with a trigger nozzle or a similar device so that water flow can be controlled. Practical steps should be taken to collect storm and rainwater for re-use during site operations for activities such as dampening down, dust suppression and washing down. Prior to reusing the water it may be necessary for the water to be treated, for example, the removal of sediment (Refer to AECOM Means and Methods 9.1). Water can be collected by: . using water butts or similar containers to collect rainwater; and . after treatment using the water from site run-off.

It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager or nominated person to ensure that: . where possible water meters are installed

. where possible meters are read monthly

. where possible water efficient appliances are installed and used appropriately at all times; and

. where possible the reuse of water on site has been considered prior to using any mains supplies.

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Table 1 – Water Efficient Appliance Criteria Appliance Requirement Example

4.5 Liters  Dual flush toilets (two Toilets buttons are provided maximum flush volume (or less) for flushing)  Controls that prevent continuous flushing (devices that only flush when it is required); Urinals 3 liters per bowl per hour (or less)  Motion sensors (devices that detect water flow); and  Waterless urinals (urinals that do not require water) Hand Basin Taps  Push taps, 7.5  Percussions taps; Kitchen Taps liters per minute (or less) and  Spray taps Shower Heads that:  Control the flow and Showers 8 liters per minute (or less) spray of water; or  Mix air with water to reduce the overall amount of water used

Dishwashers 13 liters per cycle (or less)  Domestic sized dishwashers

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Visual Compliance

Typical water meter Typical double-flush button on dual flush toilet system

Low flow urinal with flushing sensor Water efficient push taps

Water efficient spray taps Trigger nozzle for hose

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Physical 9 ENVIRONMENT Element Number Section 9.10 Waste Management 113 Sub-Section 9.10.1 Management of Waste

How to Comply with the Standard REQUIREMENT: Waste is defined as anything that is discarded, intended to, or is required to be, discarded. This includes contaminated muck shifts, surplus soils, broken bricks and blocks, packaging, empty containers and ICT equipment. On all projects the waste management hierarchy (elimination, reduction, reuse, recycling, recovery and then disposal) must be used to minimize waste generation and disposal.

All recyclable paper, cardboard plastic, glass, timber, metals and printer cartridges and ICT electrical equipment must be segregated into designated bins or skips. This must not be cross-contaminated with non-recyclable waste.

All bins and/or skips must be of adequate size to prevent overflowing. Bin/skip sizes must be reviewed regularly to reduce the risk of overflowing and situated in a designated area segregation and recycling area with segregation occurring on site where it is feasible to do so. If necessary skips to must be enclosed to prevent waste from escaping. All bins and/or skips must be clearly labelled to identify each waste type and all personnel must be aware of the segregation and recycling procedure. This should be done either at Site Induction or a dedicated Contractor’s Toolbox Talk.

Hazardous wastes must be segregated and disposed of separately from non-hazardous wastes. Where segregation is not possible on site this must take place at a licensed waste transfer facility or designated recycling center. Check that the receiving facility accepts the type of waste to be recycled / discarded and that it holds a valid license or permit before allowing the waste to leave the site. Waste types, volumes, recycling and diversion from landfill rates must be recorded.

All natural material, non-contaminated soil, aggregate or rock should be segregated (method as above) with adequate controls in place to manage silt production (refer to AECOM Means and Methods 9.1 and 9.3). The re- use of excavated natural material, non-contaminated soil, aggregate or rock should be considered, prior to disposing of any material to landfill. Re-use should be a planned, pre-determined decision that is clearly documented in the Contractor’s Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP). A SWMP plan must be completed prior to any works commencing on site.

All liquid waste must be stored to prevent unauthorized access and uncontrolled release to the environment. Where possible storage should be: . segregated, enclosed and clearly labelled . suitable for the waste type e.g. to prevent leakage and release to the environment; and . secure to prevent tamper and unauthorized access that could also lead to the liquid being released.

Contractors have a duty of care to ensure that all waste arising’s are properly stored and reused, recycled, recovered or disposed of in a legally compliant manner.

Waste Tracking Documentation All waste that is taken from site must be accompanied by the appropriate waste tracking documentation such as a Waste Transfer Note (WTN), Consignment Note. Waste must only be taken by a registered waste carrier. Copies of all waste tracking documentation related to the site must be kept in the Contractor’s Project Environmental File for auditing and legal compliance purposes. Each WTN must contain the following

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information: . site address and date of transfer . written description of the waste . lists of Wastes/European Waste Catalogue code or those specific for the region . details of how the waste is contained and the quantity of waste . waste carriers names, addresses and license numbers . name and address of the receiving site . if going to landfill the details of any pre-treatment method applied to the waste

Plant and equipment maintenance All plant and equipment must be serviced regularly in accordance with manufacturer guidelines to ensure any noise, exhaust or other emissions generated are within specified plant and equipment standards.

At the start of works check that all plant and equipment have valid and up to date maintenance records, if records are not complete or are out of date alternative plant must be used. Documentation and visual spot checks should be regularly undertaken to ensure maintenance documentation is up to date and that there isn’t excessive exhaust emissions, leaks or noise being generated. If documentation is not up to date or if excessive exhaust emissions, leaks or noise are identified (those that are perceptible without the use of specialist equipment) the plant must not be used until it is appropriately maintained or repaired. If this is not possible alternative plant must be used.

Maintenance and repair should be conducted off-site. Minor repairs can be undertaken within a designated area providing that an environmental risk assessment has been conducted and the activity has been rated as low risk. All plant maintenance and storage areas should be designated and on impermeable hard-standing.

A fully stocked spill kit must be available at all times in maintenance areas and plant storage areas and the appropriate personnel must be trained (refer to AECOM - Means and Methods 9.6 Hazardous Materials). All plant should use drip trays and all operatives should be trained in spill response.

Dedicated liquid waste storage must be available. Noisy plant should be situated away as possible from public areas, and noisy activities (including deliveries) should be restricted to certain periods of the day.

Finally, details of records and spot checks must be kept in the Contractor’s Project Environment File for auditing and inspection purposes.

Responsibilities It is the responsibility of the Contractor’s Project Manager (PM) or nominated person to/ensures that: . a SWMP is produced prior to works commencing on site . waste is appropriately segregated either on site or at a licensed facility . waste is collected by a licensed waste carrier and deposited at a licensed waste handling/management facility e.g. landfill, . pollution prevention controls are in place to prevent waste liquids from entering the environment; and . plant repairs and maintenance are conducted off site unless they are deemed to be low risk (via assessment) and take place in a designated area with adequate controls in place to prevent pollution.

NOTES In EMEA refer to Waste Management and Disposal for additional requirements.

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Visual Compliance

Segregation of office waste Collection box for the recycling of waste paper

Skip is suitably covered Skip is suitably covered

Clinical waste skip

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