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Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines

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Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines 2015: Issue 1 RUK15-001-1 Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines Page 2 of 257 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS RenewableUK acknowledges the time, effort, experience and expertise of all those who contributed to this document. This document was prepared for RenewableUK by SgurrEnergy Ltd. STATUS OF THIS DOCUMENT RenewableUK Health and Safety Guidelines are intended to provide information on a particular technical, legal or policy issue relevant to the core membership base of RenewableUK. Their objective is to provide industry-specific advice or guidance, for example where current information could be considered absent or incomplete. Health and safety guidelines are likely to be subject to review and updating and so the latest version of the guidelines must be referred to. Attention is also drawn to the disclaimer below. DISCLAIMER The contents of these guidelines are intended for information and general guidance only, do not constitute advice, are not exhaustive and do not indicate any specific course of action. Detailed professional advice should be obtained before taking or refraining from action in relation to any of the contents of this guide, or the relevance or applicability of the information herein. RenewableUK is not responsible for the content of external websites included in these guidelines and where applicable the inclusion of a link to an external website should not be understood to be an endorsement of that website or the site's owners (or their products / services). The lists of links and references are also not exhaustive. LINKS AND UPDATES All reasonable care has been taken to ensure that the references and links included in the guidance are accurate and effective at the date of publication. However should you identify any references or links that appear to be out of date or compromised, RenewableUK would welcome these being brought to our attention. Please e-mail any comments or concerns to: [email protected]. CHANGES IN LEGISLATION AND STANDARDS These guidelines reflect legislation, standards and other published guidance such as industry rules, at the date of publication. It is recognised that some key reference publications are currently being reviewed; these guidelines are therefore subject to periodic revision, to take account of such changes. Many of the Approved Codes of Practice and Guidance documents endorsed by the HSE and referenced in this publication are currently under review. This may mean that links from this document no longer reach the target document, and that previously referenced guidance is no longer available. VERSION 2015: Issue 1 Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines Page 3 of 257 Contents INTRODUCTION 5 PART A HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT 9 Introduction 9 A.1 Legal framework 10 A.2 Leadership & Safety Culture 36 A.3 Workforce Engagement 39 A.4 Ergonomics, Human Factors and Behavioural Safety 41 A.5 Occupational Health and Medical Fitness to Work 46 A.6 Management Systems 51 A.7 Risk Management 61 A.8 Training and Competence 67 A.9 WTG Certification, Safety and Product Standards 72 A.10 Safe Systems of Work 76 A.11 Site Management 86 A.12 Stakeholder Engagement 89 A.13 Supply Chain Management 92 A.14 Management of Change 95 A.15 Strategic Planning 98 A.16 Emergency Response & Preparedness 100 A.17 First Aid 107 PART B THE WIND FARM PROJECT LIFECYCLE 112 Introduction 112 B.1 Project Definition 114 B.2 Project Design 123 B.3 Construction & Commissioning 128 B.4 Operations & Maintenance 135 B.5 Decommissioning 140 B.6 Modifications & Upgrades 145 B.7 Manufacturing 148 PART C KEY HAZARDS AND ACTIVITIES 151 Introduction 151 C.1 Access and Egress 154 C.2 Asset Integrity 158 C.3 Aviation 162 C.4 Balance of Plant 164 C.5 Confined Spaces 168 C.6 Construction 173 C.7 Driving at Work 187 C.8 Electrical Safety 192 Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines Page 4 of 257 C.9 Ergonomics and Manual Handling 198 C.10 Fire 202 C.11 Hazardous Substances 210 C.12 Lifting 213 C.13 Noise 218 C.14 Remote and Lone Working 221 C.15 Transport 225 C.16 Vibration 232 C.17 Waste and Spillage Management 235 C.18 Welfare 239 C.19 Work at Height 243 APPENDIX: EU DIRECTIVES AND ASSOCIATED UK REGULATIONS 253 PART D FURTHER REFERENCES AND GLOSSARY 254 D.1 Further References 254 D.2 Abbreviations 256 Note: This document is recommended to be viewed as a pdf; this enables all headings to be used as bookmarks for ease of navigation: Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines Page 5 of 257 Introduction The publication of the Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines represents a further key milestone for the renewable energy sector. They support the strategic vision of RenewableUK: “to continue to be a leading enabler in the delivery of an expanding UK wind, wave and tidal sector free of fatalities, injuries, work related ill-health and environmental incidents.” The guidelines support our commitment to championing health & safety and environmental protection for the benefit of everyone in the wind, wave & tidal industry thereby: Continuing to make the UK a leader as a safe and responsible jurisdiction in which to do business; and Ensuring that Health & Safety and Environmental Protection remain as a top priority throughout all sectors of the industry. STATUS OF THE GUIDELINES The guidelines do not define or mandate any new industry standards or requirements. They have been developed by taking account of existing and emerging industry good practice within the framework of UK health and safety legislation. Specifically, the guidelines consider the occupational health and safety of employees and others who may be exposed to risks as set out under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and the applicable subordinate regulations. The guidelines do not aim to influence or direct any specific risk management, operational, technical or other solution. Duty holders throughout the lifecycle of a wind energy project continue to be responsible for ensuring compliance with regulatory and contractual obligations, and so must make their own assessment of the relevance and suitability of any guidance provided. However, while no new standards are set out, the guidelines collectively are likely to be regarded as representing the current industry state of knowledge for the issues addressed. TARGET AUDIENCE OF THE GUIDELINES The guidelines are primarily written from the perspective of the developer or client in relation to projects designed, constructed, operated and maintained in the United Kingdom. However, they are likely to also provide a useful reference source for: Designers and Manufacturers – of wind turbine generators (WTGs), balance of plant and associated project infrastructure; Contractors – including Principal Contractors and other contracting and supply chain parties; and Professional advisers – including nominated health and safety competent persons, CDM Co-ordinators, inspection and certification companies and other occupational health and safety advisers. SCOPE AND CONTENT OF THE GUIDELINES The guidelines aim to consider occupational health and safety risks in relation to onshore wind energy projects1 subject to the jurisdiction and scope of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 19742 covering England, Scotland and Wales, and the Health and Safety at Work (Northern Ireland) Order 1978 in Northern Ireland. For the purpose of this guidance: Onshore wind projects, referred to as “wind farms” in this document, are considered to relate to: 1 Including the associated balance of plant and project infrastructure. 2 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/37?view=extent Onshore Wind Health & Safety Guidelines Page 6 of 257 o WTGs as defined by: . BS EN 61400-1:2005+A1:2010 – Wind turbines - Design requirements; and . BS EN 61400-2:2014 - Wind turbines. Design requirements for small wind turbines; together with o The associated balance of plant and project infrastructure. The guidance also takes account of small and where applicable medium WTGs supported under the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) in Great Britain and subject to the Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS). The guidelines acknowledge a collective responsibility for health and safety in the industry, and so support a strategic objective to enhance the overall health and safety performance of the sector. However, the guidelines cannot cover every relevant issue or every possible risk associated with the lifecycle of wind energy projects. For example, the guidelines do not address the relationship between health and safety law and employment law, which can sometimes be at odds. STRATEGIC HEALTH AND SAFETY CONTEXT The strategic importance and business benefits3 of good health and safety management are recognised by all responsible organisations. Good practice in health and safety makes sound business sense and can help to: Protect people from the suffering caused by accidents and ill health; Reduce absences and sick leave; Retain staff; Maintain an organisation's reputation; Improve productivity and profits; and Reduce insurance premiums and legal costs. While these broad outcomes are all relevant to the sector, good health and safety management can also offer specific benefits, including: Supporting and enhancing the overall improvement in health and safety performance for onshore wind projects; Adding value and reducing costs and uncertainty, by supporting the timely, effective, safe and sustainable delivery and operation of assets throughout their lifecycle; Contributing to the reduction of both direct and indirect health and safety related risks within the sector; Addressing complex or contentious issues that are unique or have a particular sector- specific dimension; and Protecting and enhancing the reputation of the UK renewable energy industry. RenewableUK’s Health, Safety & Environmental Vision, Mission and Strategy and supporting work plan enables organisations to show their commitment to: Clear and visible leadership on health and safety; Being part of a responsible industry that is fully engaged in self-regulation, by confronting its key health and safety challenges; and Taking a proactive stance on health and safety, to eliminate hazards and reduce risks.
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