TCRP Synthesis 81 – Preventive Maintenance Intervals for Transit
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH TCRP PROGRAM SYNTHESIS 81 Sponsored by Preventive Maintenance the Federal Intervals for Transit Buses Transit Administration A Synthesis of Transit Practice TCRP OVERSIGHT AND PROJECT TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2010 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* SELECTION COMMITTEE* CHAIR OFFICERS ANN AUGUST Santee Wateree Regional Transportation Chair: Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Authority Governments, Arlington Vice Chair: Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore MEMBERS Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board JOHN BARTOSIEWICZ McDonald Transit Associates MEMBERS MICHAEL BLAYLOCK Jacksonville Transportation Authority J. BARRY BARKER, Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, KY LINDA J. BOHLINGER ALLEN D. BIEHLER, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg HNTB Corp. LARRY L. BROWN, SR., Executive Director, Mississippi DOT, Jackson RAUL BRAVO DEBORAH H. BUTLER, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Raul V. Bravo & Associates JOHN B. CATOE, JR. Corporation, Norfolk, VA Washington Metropolitan Area Transit WILLIAM A.V. CLARK, Professor, Department of Geography, University of California, Authority Los Angeles GREGORY COOK NICHOLAS J. GARBER, Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, and Veolia Transportation Director, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Virginia, Charlottesville TERRY GARCIA CREWS JEFFREY W. HAMIEL, Executive Director, Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minneapolis, MN StarTran EDWARD A. (NED) HELME, President, Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC KIM R. GREEN GFI GENFARE RANDELL H. IWASAKI, Director, California DOT, Sacramento ANGELA IANNUZZIELLO ADIB K. KANAFANI, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley ENTRA Consultants SUSAN MARTINOVICH, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City JOHN INGLISH DEBRA L. MILLER, Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka Utah Transit Authority PETE K. RAHN, Director, Missouri DOT, Jefferson City JEANNE W. KRIEG SANDRA ROSENBLOOM, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson Eastern Contra Costa Transit Authority TRACY L. ROSSER, Vice President, Corporate Traffic, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, LA JONATHAN H. MCDONALD Chief Operating Officer, Marine Resources Group, Seattle, WA Stantec Consulting STEVEN T. SCALZO, GARY W. MCNEIL HENRY G. (GERRY) SCHWARTZ, JR., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., GO Transit St. Louis, MO MICHAEL P. MELANIPHY BEVERLY A. SCOTT, General Manager and Chief Executive Officer, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Motor Coach Industries Transit Authority, Atlanta, GA FRANK OTERO DAVID SELTZER, Principal, Mercator Advisors LLC, Philadelphia, PA PACO Technologies DANIEL SPERLING, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; KEITH PARKER Director, Institute of Transportation Studies; and Interim Director, Energy Efficiency Center, VIA Metropolitan Transit PETER ROGOFF University of California, Davis FTA DOUGLAS W. STOTLAR, President and CEO, Con-Way, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI JEFFREY ROSENBERG C. MICHAEL WALTON, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Amalgamated Transit Union Texas, Austin RICHARD SARLES New Jersey Transit Corporation EX OFFICIO MEMBERS MICHAEL SCANLON San Mateo County Transit District THAD ALLEN (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of BEVERLY SCOTT Homeland Security, Washington, DC Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority PETER H. APPEL, Administrator, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S.DOT JAMES STEM J. RANDOLPH BABBITT, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S.DOT United Transportation Union REBECCA M. BREWSTER, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute, FRANK TOBEY First Transit Smyrna, GA MATTHEW O. TUCKER GEORGE BUGLIARELLO, President Emeritus and University Professor, Polytechnic Institute North County Transit District of New York University, Brooklyn; Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering, PAM WARD Washington, DC Ottumwa Transit Authority ANNE S. FERRO, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S.DOT ALICE WIGGINS-TOLBERT LEROY GISHI, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of Parsons Brinckerhoff the Interior, Washington, DC EX OFFICIO MEMBERS EDWARD R. HAMBERGER, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC WILLIAM W. MILLAR JOHN C. HORSLEY, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and APTA Transportation Officials, Washington, DC ROBERT E. SKINNER, JR. DAVID T. MATSUDA, Deputy Administration, Maritime Administration, U.S.DOT TRB VICTOR M. MENDEZ, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S.DOT JOHN C. HORSLEY WILLIAM W. MILLAR, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC AASHTO VICTOR MENDEZ CYNTHIA L. QUARTERMAN, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety FHWA Administration, U.S.DOT PETER M. ROGOFF, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S.DOT TDC EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DAVID L. STRICKLAND, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, LOUIS SANDERS U.S.DOT APTA JOSEPH C. SZABO, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S.DOT SECRETARY POLLY TROTTENBERG, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy, U.S.DOT CHRISTOPHER W. JENKS ROBERT L. VAN ANTWERP (Lt. Gen., U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding TRB General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC *Membership as of June 2009. *Membership as of February 2010. TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM TCRP SYNTHESIS 81 Preventive Maintenance Intervals for Transit Buses A Synthesis of Transit Practice CONSULTANT JOHN J. SCHIAVONE J. Schiavone Consulting Guilford, Connecticut SUBSCRIBER CATEGORIES Maintenance and Preservation • Public Transportation • Vehicles and Equipment Research Sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration in Cooperation with the Transit Development Corporation TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2010 www.TRB.org TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM TCRP SYNTHESIS 81 The nation’s growth and the need to meet mobility, environ- Project J-7, Topic SE-05 mental, and energy objectives place demands on public transit ISSN 1073-4880 systems. Current systems, some of which are old and in need of ISBN 978-0-309-14249-6 upgrading, must expand service area, increase service frequency, Library of Congress Control Number 2009938314 and improve efficiency to serve these demands. Research is nec- © 2010 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. essary to solve operating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the transit industry. The Transit Cooperative Research Pro- COPYRIGHT INFORMATION gram (TCRP) serves as one of the principal means by which the transit industry can develop innovative near-term solutions to Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for meet demands placed on it. obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the The need for TCRP was originally identified in TRB Special copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Report 213—Research for Public Transit: New Directions, pub- Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. lished in 1987 and based on a study sponsored by the Federal Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be Transit Administration (FTA). A report by the American Public used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FMCSA, FTA, or Transit Transportation Association (APTA), Transportation 2000, also Development Corporation endorsement of a particular product, method, or recognized the need for local, problem-solving research. TCRP, practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document modeled after the longstanding and successful National Coopera- for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment tive Highway Research Program, undertakes research and other of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the technical activities in response to the needs of transit service provid- material, request permission from CRP. ers. The scope of TCRP includes a variety of transit research fields including planning, service configuration, equipment, fa- cilities, operations, human resources, maintenance, policy, and ad- NOTICE ministrative practices. The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Transit Coop- TCRP was established under FTA sponsorship in July 1992. erative Research Program conducted by the Transportation Research Board Proposed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, TCRP was with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research Coun- authorized as part of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Effi- cil. Such approval reflects the Governing Board’s judgment that the project ciency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). On May 13, 1992, a memorandum concerned is appropriate with respect to both the purposes and resources of agreement outlining TCRP operating procedures was executed by the National Research Council. the three cooperating organizations: FTA, the National Academy of The members of the technical advisory panel selected to monitor this Sciences, acting through the Transportation Research Board