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Jacobite Memoirs of the Rebellion of 1745

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Jacobite Memoirs of the Rebellion of 1745 JACOBITE MEMOIRS OF THE REBELLION OF 1745 EDITED. PROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE LATE RIGHT REV. ROBERT FORBES, A.M. BISHOP OF THE SCOTTISH EPISCOPAL CHURCH, BY ROBERT CHAMBERS, AUTHOR OF “TRADITIONS OF EDINBURGH,” &c. EDINBURGH: WILLIAM & ROBERT CHAMBERS, WATERLOO PLACE; AND LONGMAN & CO. LONDON. 1834. Contents PREFACE. ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 JACOBITE MEMOIRS. ................................................................................................................................... 1 MARCHES OF THE HIGHLAND ARMY. ........................................................................................................ 20 THE BATTLE OF CULLODEN. ...................................................................................................................... 84 THE PRINCE’S HOUSEHOLD BOOK. ............................................................................................................ 92 EXTRAORDINARY CONDUCT ................................................................................................................... 150 BARBARITIES AFTER CULLODEN. ............................................................................................................. 164 ADDENDA. ............................................................................................................................................... 213 THE PRINCE’S WANDERINGS AND ESCAPE. ............................................................................................. 231 JOURNAL OF CAPTAIN O’NEIL. .............................................................................................. 231 JOURNAL OF NED BURKE. ...................................................................................................... 239 NARRATIVE OF DONALD MACLEOD. ................................................................................... 245 NARRATIVE OF MISS FLORA MACDONALD. ....................................................................... 267 NARRATIVE OF CAPTAIN DONALD MACDONALD. ........................................................... 273 NARRATIVE OF CAPTAIN MALCOLM MACLEOD. .............................................................. 297 NARRATIVE OF JOHN MACKINNON. .................................................................................... 309 INDEX OF NAMES. ................................................................................................................................... 316 INDEX OF PLACES. ................................................................................................................................... 328 PREFACE. The papers composing the present volume, and which form the first body of authentic historical memoirs respecting the Civil War of 1745 ever presented to the public, are selected from a manuscript collection of such documents, formed, within a few years subsequent to the battle of Culloden, by the pious and venerable clergyman whose name is given upon the title-page. The interests of the house of Stewart, it is well known, were identified in Scotland with those of an episcopal church, which had been displaced at the Revolution, and, in 1745, consisted of a few small and scattered congregations, under the superintendence of a reduced number of titular bishops. Previous to the commencement of the insurrection, Mr Forbes was settled as minister of the episcopal congregation at Leith; but, while Prince Charles was on his descent from the Highlands, having given cause for suspicion to the officers of state, he was apprehended at St Ninian’s, September 7, 1745, together with other two clergymen, and two gentlemen, and kept prisoner, first in Stirling, and afterwards in Edinburgh Castle, till the restoration of tranquillity in May 1746. This accident perhaps prevented him and his companions from joining the standard of the Prince, and was, no doubt, felt at the time as a grievous disappointment. It not only, however, saved him from the disasters of a falling cause, but brought him into a leisurely acquaintance with a number of the active insurgents, who, being seized at various times, and placed in confinement beside him, became sources of information respecting the events of the campaign, and appear to have been the means of first suggesting to him the idea of the collection, from which the present volume is compiled. After regaining his liberty, Mr Forbes resumed the usual tenor of his life at Leith, where, for several years, he lived in the house of the dowager Lady Bruce of Kinross, 1 within the walls of Cromwell’s Citadel. The salaries of the episcopal clergy were then necessarily, as they are now, perhaps, unjustifiably small; and it is probable, that the support of Mr Forbes by Lady Bruce, was little else than an act of religious benevolence, on her part, towards the small band of Christians with whom she was connected. Here he steadily prosecuted his design of collecting, from the mouths and pens of the survivors of the late enterprise, such narratives, anecdotes, and 1 Dame Magdalen Scott, relict of Sir William Bruce of Kinross. memorabilia, as they could give from their own knowledge, or as eye witnesses, respecting that extraordinary historical episode. His papers, whether contributed in writing, or taken down by himself from oral communication, he regularly transcribed upon octavo sheets, which in the end formed volumes; and nothing can exceed the neatness, distinctness, and accuracy, with which the whole task appears to have been performed. He took care, in particular, to see most of the individuals who had been apprehended for their concern in the Prince’s escape, and carried prisoners to London; an opportunity being generally afforded by their passing through the Scottish capital, on their way back to the Highlands. The narratives drawn from these individuals are singularly copious and accurate, insomuch as to lead to an hypothesis in the mind of the editor, that the good man, having designed to become the Clarendon of the late revolutionary times, contemplated, above all things, the triumphant pleasure he should have, in laying before a new King Charles, when established in St James’s, the affecting history of all his former mishaps. The collection, which ultimately filled ten volumes, was bound in black, with black-edged leaves, and styled, in allusion to the woe of Scotland for her exiled race of Princes, “THE LYON IN MOURNING.” As a subordinate title, the bishop adds, “or a Collection, (as exactly made as the iniquity of the times would permit,) of Speeches, Letters, Journals, &c. relative to the affairs, but more particularly to the dangers and distresses, of * *;” and a scrap of Latin verse is given on each title-page, in allusion to the chief articles embodied in the respective volumes. The first three volumes bear the date 1747, the next three 1748; the seventh is dated 1749, the eighth 1750, the ninth 1761, and the tenth 1775. It thus appears that the bulk of the collection was made immediately after the close of the insurrection, when the recollections of the actors must of course have been most fresh; and this part of the collection is fortunately the most important in historical value. The latter volumes, indeed, are chiefly composed of fugitive jeux d’esprit upon the Whig party and the government, of letters giving obscure hints respecting the life of Prince Charles on the Continent, and other matters, which, though in some instances highly illustrative of the spirit of the Jacobites, throw little light on the history of the Rebellion. Perhaps the most curious and characteristic part of the work is a series of relics, which are found attached to the inside of the boards of certain volumes: in one I find a small slip of thick blue silk cloth, of a texture like sarcenet, beneath which is written, “The above is a piece of the Prince’s garter.” Below this is a small square piece of printed linen, (the figures being in lilac on a white ground,) with the following inscription: “The above is a piece of that identical gown, which the Prince wore for four or five days, when he was obliged to disguise himself in a female dress, under the name of Bettie Burke. A swatch of the said gown was sent from Mrs Macdonald of Kingsburgh.”2 Then follows a slip of tape, with the following note of genuine naïveté: “The above is a piece of that identical apron string, which the Prince wore about him, when in the female dress. The above bit I received out of Miss Flora Macdonald’s own hands, upon Thursday, November 5, 1747, when I saw the apron, and had it about me. ROBERT FORBES, A. M.” We are next introduced to some fragments of tartan, of which the following history is given: “The above are pieces of the outside and inside of that identical waistcoat, which Macdonald of Kingsburgh gave to the Prince, when he laid aside the woman’s clothes. The said waistcoat being too fine for a servant, [in which character Charles then appeared,] the Prince exchanged it with Malcolm Macleod. Malcolm, after parting with the Prince, and finding himself in danger of being seized, did hide the waistcoat in a cleft of a rock, where, upon his returning home in the beginning of September, 1747, he found it all rotten to bits, except only as much as would serve to cover little more than one’s loof, [palm,] and two buttons, all of which he was pleased to send to me. The waistcoat had lain more than a full year in the cleft of the rock; for Malcolm Macleod
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