Mirnska Dolina Regionalna Geografija Pore~Ja Mirne Na Dolenjskem
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ZRC 21 Mirnska dolina Regionalna geografija pore~ja Mirne na Dolenjskem Maja Topole ZAL @BA ZRC Zbirka ZRC 21 Maja Topole Mirnska dolina Regionalna geografija pore~ja Mirne na Dolenjskem © 1998, ZRC SAZU Urednik Vojislav Likar Oblikovanje in grafi~na ureditev Milojka @alik Huzjan Jezikovni pregled Ivan Gregor~i~ Fotografije Marko Kapus (M. K.) in Maja Topole (M. T.) Zalo`il Znanstvenoraziskovalni center Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti Zalo`ba ZRC Za zalo`nika Oto Luthar Tisk Planprint d. o. o. Izid publikacije je podprlo Ministrstvo za znanost in tehnologijo Republike Slovenije CIP – Katalo`ni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knji`nica, Ljubljana 913(497.4-12) TOPOLE, Maja Mirnska dolina : regionalna geografija pore~ja Mirne na Dolenjskem / Maja Topole ; [fotografije Marko Kapus in Maja Topole]. – Ljubljana : Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU, Zalo`ba ZRC, 1998. – (Zbirka ZRC ; 21) ISBN 961-6182-64-1 79406848 Po mnenju Ministrstva za kulturo R. Slovenije sodi publikacije med proizvode za katere se pla~uje 5-odstotni davek od prometa s proizvodi. 4 KAZALO Uvod .................................................................................................................................................. 7 Meglenost in vetrovnost ........................................................................ 72 Toplotni pasovi .................................................................................................... 72 Predstavitev pokrajine ........................................................................................ 8 Padavine ........................................................................................................................ 74 Vodna bilanca in oskrba z vodo .................................................. 75 Podrobna ~lenitev Mirnske doline .............................................. 11 Gri~evje .......................................................................................................................... 12 Prst .................................................................................................................................................. 77 Cerkni{ko gri~evje (G 1) .......................................................... 14 Tipi prsti ........................................................................................................................ 77 Gabrov{ko gri~evje (G 2) ........................................................ 15 Erozija prsti .............................................................................................................. 81 ^ate{ko gri~evje (G 3) .................................................................. 16 Mirnsko gri~evje (G 4) ................................................................ 17 Rastje ............................................................................................................................................ 84 Trebanjsko gri~evje (G 5) ........................................................ 18 [entrupersko gri~evje (G 6) .................................................. 19 Raba tal .................................................................................................................................... 86 [entjan{ko gri~evje (G 7) ........................................................ 20 Obstoje~a raba tal ............................................................................................ 86 Spodnjemirnsko gri~evje (G 8) ........................................ 21 Geoekolo{ke razmere za kmetijstvo Mokrono{ko gri~evje (G 9) .................................................. 22 in pozidavo ................................................................................................ 111 Hribovje .......................................................................................................................... 22 Glavni kriteriji vrednotenja ................................ Cerkni{ko povirno hribovje (H 1) 24 geoekolo{kih razmer ........................................................ 111 Gabrov{ko hribovje (H 2) ........................................................ 24 Primernost povr{in za posamezne Mirnsko povirno hribovje (H 3) .................................... 25 vrste rabe tal ................................................................................ 116 Dolsko hribovje (H 4) .................................................................... 26 Primernost povr{in za pozidavo .................................. 117 [entrupersko hribovje (H 5) ................................................ 27 Primernost povr{in za njive .............................................. 120 [entjan{ko hribovje (H 6) ........................................................ 28 Primernost povr{in za vinograde .............................. 122 Bo{tanjsko hribovje (H 7) ........................................................ 29 Primernost povr{in za sadovnjake .......................... 126 Kr{ko hribovje (H 8) ........................................................................ 30 Sintetska karta najprimernej{e ali Deben{ko hribovje (H 9) .......................................................... 31 optimalne rabe tal ............................................................................ 129 Kotlina .............................................................................................................................. 32 Racionalnost obstoje~e rabe tal .............................................. 135 Vejarska kotanja (K 1) .................................................................. 34 Krmeljska kadunja (K 2) .......................................................... 35 Naselja in prebivalstvo ................................................................................ 136 Osrednje mokrotno dno (K 3) ............................................ 36 Zgodovina poselitve do leta 1869 ...................................... 136 Vzpeti rob in pragovi (K 4) .................................................. 37 Demografski razvoj po letu 1869 ........................................ 139 Planote .............................................................................................................................. 40 Naselja, poselitev, parcelacija in tip hi{e .................. 142 Dolska planota (P 1) ........................................................................ 40 Razporeditev naselij po regijah .............................................. 145 Gobljansko-Vodi{ka planota (P 2) .............................. 41 Funkcija naselij .............................................................................................. 149 Povr{je ........................................................................................................................................ 42 Sredi{~na naselja v Mirnski dolini .................................... 149 Nastajanje povr{ja .......................................................................................... 42 Gospodarstvo .............................................................................................................. 153 Tektonske enote .................................................................................................. 44 Kmetijstvo .............................................................................................................. 153 Starost kamnin ...................................................................................................... 44 Rudarstvo ................................................................................................................ 153 Litolo{ka osnova ................................................................................................ 45 .......................................................................................... Nosilnost tal ............................................................................................................ 48 Obrt in industrija 154 Nadmorska vi{ina ............................................................................................ 50 Promet .......................................................................................................................... 154 Naklon .............................................................................................................................. 52 Turizem ...................................................................................................................... 156 Reliefna energija .............................................................................................. 55 Druge dejavnosti .................................................................................................. 157 Tipi reliefa .................................................................................................................. 57 Povzetek .............................................................................................................................. 157 Vodovje in re~na me`a .................................................................................... 59 Re~na mre`a ............................................................................................................ 59 Summary ............................................................................................................................ 160 Re~ni re`im Mirne .......................................................................................... 62 Poplavni svet .........................................................................................................