Ryan Milligan September 4 , 2007 Research Report #1
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Logiciel Libre, Une Introduction Part I Perspective Historique Des Étapes
Logiciel libre, une introduction Logiciel libre, une introduction Logiciel libre, une introduction Part I Roberto Di Cosmo Perspective historique Université Paris Diderot UFR Informatique Laboratoire Preuves, Programmes et Systèmes [email protected] 7 Février 2012 Logiciel libre, une introduction Logiciel libre, une introduction Une brève histoire du logiciel Une brève histoire du logiciel Des étapes importantes Une brève histoire du logiciel I Années 50-60: Logiciel libre ante litteram Logiciel Libre aux origines La propriétarisation du logiciel I Années 70: La proprietarisation du logiciel I Années 70-80: Les briques de base I Donald Knuth et TEX Le logiciel libre ante litteram I X Windows System Le système TEX I AT&T et Unix Le système X I Années 80: le matériel devient suffisamment puissant pour des AT&T et Unix vrai OS Linux I Années 80: Richard Stallman, GNU et la Free Software Foundation Le logiciel libre formalisé I Années 1990: Linux, GNU/Linux etc.: la prise de conscience I Années 2000 : l’expansion Les années 1990 Logiciel libre, une introduction Logiciel libre, une introduction Une brève histoire du logiciel Une brève histoire du logiciel Logiciel Libre aux origines Logiciel Libre aux origines Au début le logiciel fût distribué librement. c’était une nécéssité Jusqu’à la fin des années 1960, le logiciel, avec les sources, était N’oublions pas les raisons techniques de cette réalité: distribué gratuitement, comme un complément pour les ordinateurs I modèle de service clé en main comprenant hw & sw & vendus (très chers) à l’époque. service I logiciel très dépendant de la machine utilisateur (n. -
Important Freedos Operating System Information
Important FreeDOS Operating System Information This PC has the FreeDOS operating system preinstalled, The Documentation and Utilities CD supports one or more which provides only limited DOS-based functionality until languages. Because the Documentation and Utilities CD another operating system is installed. does not autorun on some operating systems, you have to explore the directory of the CD to access the Software License and Warranty documentation files. Browse the documentation folder on the CD, locate the appropriate language subfolder, then HP is not responsible for support of the FreeDOS open the product folder to the Safety & Comfort Guide. operating system, and it is important to note that some features of FreeDOS may not function on this system. NOTE: Before you can view the contents of the Some hardware options ordered and delivered with this Documentation and Utilities CD, you must install a PC may not be supported under the FreeDOS operating licensed operating system, as well as a compatible system, nor will HP be responsible for providing driver version of Adobe Acrobat Reader, available at: support for such hardware. Please refer to the standard http://www.adobe.com warranty document included with your PC to learn about software technical support. A copy of the General Public License for FreeDOS can Utilities be found on the PC in the directory The Documentation and Utilities CD also contains a PC C:\FDOS\SOURCE\FREECOM\ diagnostic program called PC Doctor. PC Doctor either runs automatically when you start your PC with this CD in and can be viewed by entering on the command line: the optical drive, or when you install it to your hard drive c:\fdos\source\freecom\license after you have installed a licensed operating system. -
Linux at 25 PETERHISTORY H
Linux at 25 PETERHISTORY H. SALUS Peter H. Salus is the author of A n June 1991, at the USENIX conference in Nashville, BSD NET-2 was Quarter Century of UNIX (1994), announced. Two months later, on August 25, Linus Torvalds announced Casting the Net (1995), and The his new operating system on comp.os.minix. Today, Android, Google’s Daemon, the Gnu and the Penguin I (2008). [email protected] version of Linux, is used on over two billion smartphones and other appli- ances. In this article, I provide some history about the early years of Linux. Linus was born into the Swedish minority of Finland (about 5% of the five million Finns). He was a “math guy” throughout his schooling. Early on, he “inherited” a Commodore VIC- 20 (released in June 1980) from his grandfather; in 1987 he spent his savings on a Sinclair QL (released in January 1984, the “Quantum Leap,” with a Motorola 68008 running at 7.5 MHz and 128 kB of RAM, was intended for small businesses and the serious hobbyist). It ran Q-DOS, and it was what got Linus involved: One of the things I hated about the QL was that it had a read-only operating system. You couldn’t change things ... I bought a new assembler ... and an editor.... Both ... worked fine, but they were on the microdrives and couldn’t be put on the EEPROM. So I wrote my own editor and assembler and used them for all my programming. Both were written in assembly language, which is incredibly stupid by today’s standards. -
Freebsd Opengroupware - English
FreeBSD OpenGroupware - English FreeBSD As Basis For OpenGroupware.org PostgreSQL As Database FreeBSD can currently look back on a history of over 30 PostgreSQL, like BSD, originated at the University of Ca- years. It originated at the University of Berkeley and lifornia and is also distributed under the BSD license. It's FreeBSD evolved over a few intermediate steps into the project one of the oldest and most advanced object-relational founded in 1993 called FreeBSD. The supported architec- database management systems (ORDBMS) in the realm tures are the following: i386, amd64, Alpha, Itanium, of free software and looks back on a development of OpenGroupware.org SPARC, PPC (Mac) and others. over 15 years. PostgreSQL is largely conforming to the FreeBSD has very good support for multiprocessor sys- SQL92/SQL99 standards, that means that all functions in The ideal solution for professional the standards are available and behave as defined; that tems (SMP) and is distributed under the BSD license team communication on the Internet, which grants the user nearly every freedom and is free is not always the case with some commercial and non- commercial SQL database systems. of cost. Apart from having to name the origins of the with FreeBSD and PostgreSQL code, the user may use it in any which way he or she pleases. FreeBSD is a gift to humanity, we are pleased when you use it! FreeBSD has not only got many features, it also has a What is a groupware solution? huge amount of free and open software in its so-called Ports Collection. -
Reactos-Devtutorial.Pdf
Developer Tutorials Developer Tutorials Next Developer Tutorials Table of Contents I. Newbie Developer 1. Introduction to ReactOS development 2. Where to get the latest ReactOS source, compilation tools and how to compile the source 3. Testing your compiled ReactOS code 4. Where to go from here (newbie developer) II. Centralized Source Code Repository 5. Introducing CVS 6. Downloading and configuring your CVS client 7. Checking out a new tree 8. Updating your tree with the latest code 9. Applying for write access 10. Submitting your code with CVS 11. Submitting a patch to the project III. Advanced Developer 12. CD Packaging Guide 13. ReactOS Architecture Whitepaper 14. ReactOS WINE Developer Guide IV. Bochs testing 15. Introducing Bochs 16. Downloading and Using Bochs with ReactOS 17. The compile, test and debug cycle under Bochs V. VMware Testing 18. Introducing VMware List of Tables 7.1. Modules http://reactos.com/rosdocs/tutorials/bk02.html (1 of 2) [3/18/2003 12:16:53 PM] Developer Tutorials Prev Up Next Chapter 8. Where to go from here Home Part I. Newbie Developer (newbie user) http://reactos.com/rosdocs/tutorials/bk02.html (2 of 2) [3/18/2003 12:16:53 PM] Part I. Newbie Developer Part I. Newbie Developer Prev Developer Tutorials Next Newbie Developer Table of Contents 1. Introduction to ReactOS development 2. Where to get the latest ReactOS source, compilation tools and how to compile the source 3. Testing your compiled ReactOS code 4. Where to go from here (newbie developer) Prev Up Next Developer Tutorials Home Chapter 1. Introduction to ReactOS development http://reactos.com/rosdocs/tutorials/bk02pt01.html [3/18/2003 12:16:54 PM] Chapter 1. -
Virtualization
Print Date: 21.06.2013 Transfer Files to FreeDOS Guest OS with ISO Image Oracle VM VirtualBox Brainboxes Limited, 18 Hurricane Drive, Liverpool International Business Park, Speke, Liverpool, L24 8RL, UK Tel: +44 (0)151 220 2500 Fax: +44 (0)151 252 0446 Web: www.brainboxes.com Email: [email protected] Contents 1. Version History ............................................................................................................................................ 10 © Copyright Brainboxes Limited 2013 Page 2 of 10 This document will demonstrate how to transfer files from the ISO disc image to FreeDOS Guest Operating System using Oracle VM VirtualBox application. 1. Start FreeDOS guest operating system by clicking “ Start ” as shown below: 2. Once the Guest Operating System is booted successfully, click “ Devices -> CD/DVD Devices -> Choose a virtual CD/DVD disk file… ” as shown below: © Copyright Brainboxes Limited 2013 Page 3 of 10 3. Browse to “Desktop” where the ISO image file is located, select the “PDS.iso” image file, and then click “Open ” when you are presented with the following: 4. Type “ md PDS ” at the DOS prompt, and then press “ Enter ” in order to create a PDS directory under C: drive as shown below: © Copyright Brainboxes Limited 2013 Page 4 of 10 5. Type “ D: ” at the DOS prompt, and then press “ Enter ” when you are presented with the following: 6. Type “ dir ” at the DOS prompt, and you will be shown that the folder “ PDS ” in the CD/DVD drive of the Guest Operating System which has the same contents as the ISO disc image file we have create previously as shown in the following: © Copyright Brainboxes Limited 2013 Page 5 of 10 7. -
Where in the World Are We?
Community Notebook Cache Where in the World are We? Magazines, editors, and s I write this month’s column, You don’t have to several of my colleagues are at wait for an invitation to volunteer at an authors coming to a city near LinuxTag in Berlin [1], just one event – if you see an event that looks in- of the many international events teresting, email the organizers and offer you! By Rikki Kite A we help sponsor and support. Although to help. we can’t attend every event, we are able to be at quite a few each year, and some- Help a Buddy Move times we’re in two places at once. While Have you helped someone move to my colleagues report from LinuxTag, I’ll Linux and open source? I recently wrote be attending SouthEast LinuxFest (SELF) about introducing a friend to Knoppix in Spartanburg, South Carolina [2]. and Ubuntu [5], and maddog followed Events aren’t just an opportunity for up with a blog post of his own [6]. We’d us to hand out free magazines. We also love to hear your additions to our lists get a chance to meet with our authors, and about your moving experiences. such as Dmitri Popov at Lin uxTag and Joe “Zonker” Brockmeier, Amber Graner, Write for Us! maddog, and Jono Bacon at SELF. Events If you haven’t written for us before but are a great way to get feedback from our have an idea for an article, check out our readers and to stay on top of the latest writer's guidelines and send us your pro- news and trends in open source. -
Transfer Files to Freedos Guest OS with ISO Image 1
Print Date: 21.06.2013 Transfer Files to FreeDOS Guest OS with ISO Image Creating Disc Image Brainboxes Limited, 18 Hurricane Drive, Liverpool International Business Park, Speke, Liverpool, L24 8RL, UK Tel: +44 (0)151 220 2500 Fax: +44 (0)151 252 0446 Web: www.brainboxes.com Email: [email protected] Contents 1. Version History .............................................................................................................................................. 9 © Copyright Brainboxes Limited 2013 Page 2 of 9 The following document will help you transfer files from your Windows 7 32-bit Host Operating System to FreeDOS Guest Operating System. The following demonstration will show you how to add the files you need to transfer to “FreeDOS” Guest Operating System as a disc image ( ISO image ) using a free CD / DVD burning software called “InfraRecorder ”. You could then load this disc image as a CD / DVD drive of the FreeDOS Guest Operating System and transfer the files. For this demonstration we will be adding the folder “ PDS ” to the disc image. This folder is located under “C:\” root folder as shown below: © Copyright Brainboxes Limited 2013 Page 3 of 9 1. Please browse to the following link from your web browser: http://infrarecorder.org/?page_id=5 2. Please find and download the link as emphasized inside the red rectangle from the webpage as shown below: We will be using portable version of the application so we have the convenience of putting it in USB flash drives so that we could carry it around with us. You can also download and install the software by clicking “ Installer ” link. For this demonstration, we will be using portable version which does not require installation. -
BSD Projects IV – BSD Certification • Main Features • Community • Future Directions a (Very) Brief History of BSD
BSD Overview Jim Brown May 24, 2012 BSD Overview - 5/24/2012 - Jim Brown, ISD BSD Overview I – A Brief History of BSD III – Cool Hot Stuff • ATT UCB Partnership • Batteries Included • ATT(USL) Lawsuit • ZFS , Hammer • BSD Family Tree • pf Firewall, pfSense • BSD License • Capsicum • Virtualization Topics • Jails, Xen, etc. • Desktop PC-BSD II – The Core BSD Projects IV – BSD Certification • Main Features • Community • Future Directions A (Very) Brief History of BSD 1971 – ATT cheaply licenses Unix source code to many organizations, including UCB as educational material 1975 – Ken Thompson takes a sabbatical from ATT, brings the latest Unix source on tape to UCB his alma mater to run on a PDP 11 which UCB provided. (Industry/academic partnerships were much more common back then.) Computer Science students (notably Bill Joy and Chuck Haley) at UCB begin to make numerous improvements to Unix and make them available on tape as the “Berkeley Software Distribution” - BSD A (Very) Brief History of BSD Some notable CSRG • 1980 – Computer Science Research Group members (CSRG) forms at UCB with DARPA funding to make many more improvements to Unix - job control, autoreboot, fast filesystem, gigabit address space, Lisp, IPC, sockets, TCP/IP stack + applications, r* utils, machine independence, rewriting almost all ATT code with UCB/CSRG code, including many ports • 1991 – The Networking Release 2 tape is released on the Internet via anon FTP. A 386 port quickly follows by Bill and Lynne Jolitz. The NetBSD group is formed- the first Open Source community entirely on the Internet • 1992 – A commercial version, BSDI (sold for $995, 1-800-ITS-UNIX) draws the ire of USL/ATT. -
History of Linux from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
History of Linux From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The history of Linux began in 1991 with the commencement of a personal project by Finnish student Linus Torvalds to create a new free operating system kernel. Since then, the resulting Linux kernel has been marked by constant growth throughout its history. Since the initial release of its source code in 1991, it has grown from a small number of C files under a license prohibiting commercial distribution to the 4.2.3 version in 2015 with more than 18 million lines of source code under the GNU General Public License v2.[1](p7)[2][3] Contents 1 Events leading to creation 2 The creation of Linux 3 Naming 4 Linux under the GNU GPL 5 GNU/Linux naming controversy 6 Official mascot 7 New development 7.1 Community 7.2 Open Source Development Lab and Linux Foundation 7.3 Companies 7.4 Desktop environments 8 "Linux is obsolete" 9 Competition from Microsoft 10 SCO 11 Trademark rights 12 Chronology 13 See also 14 References 15 External links Events leading to creation After AT&T had dropped out of the Multics project, the Unix operating system was conceived and implemented by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie (both of AT&T Bell Laboratories) in 1969 and first released in 1970. Later they rewrote it in a new programming language, C, to make it portable. The availability and portability of Unix caused it to be widely adopted, copied and modified by academic institutions and businesses. In 1977, the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) was developed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) from UC Berkeley, based on the 6th edition of Unix from AT&T. -
Linux on the Move
Guest Editors’ Introduction What is Linux? And why should you care? This focus section has insights for both newcomers and diehard fans. Linux on the Move Terry Bollinger, The Mitre Corporation Peter Beckman, Los Alamos National Laboratory inux is a free, open-source operating system that looks like Unix, L except that it runs on PCs as well as other platforms. Linux was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. Today, Linux is cooperatively improved by Torvalds and thousands of volunteers from around the world using open-source development methods. At this point in time, “Linux” generally refers to the entire suite of software in a distribution, from the operating system kernel to the Web server and graphical user interface. When we say that Linux is “free” we mean, well…free. You do not need to pay money to get a copy of it, although it is usually more convenient to buy an inexpen- sive CD-ROM copy than download an entire distribution over the Internet. Once you get a copy of Linux, you also have the right to make as many copies of it as you want. 30 IEEE Software January/February 1999 0740-7459/99/$10.00 © 1999 . DEFINING TERMS GETTING RESULTS By “open source”we mean that you also have the The only traditional software practice that open- right to get copies of all the source code from which source software developers do follow is peer review, Linux and its associated tools were originally com- and they do that with a vengeance. Each piece of piled. There are no magical, mysterious binary files, source code is placed on display in front of a global although you can of course get the Linux system precompiled if you prefer. -
HP IT Essentials II: NOS V3.0 Linux in Windows Classroom
HP IT Essentials II: NOS v3.0 Linux In Windows Classroom Rick Vogt, SC Product Marketing Manager Session Number Presentation_ID © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Agenda Overview of HP IT II: NOS Overview of Linux Lab Procedures Overview of Microsoft VirtualPC Knoppix • Overview • Knoppix.SysAdmin Lab Presentation_ID © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 222 HP IT Essentials II: Network Operating Systems Presentation_ID © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 333 HP IT Essentials II: Network Operating Systems • Sponsored by Hewlett-Packard • Introduction to multiuser, multitasking networking operating systems • Hands-on, lab-oriented course overviews the characteristics of Linux and Windows NT, 2000, and XP operating systems • Students will learn about installation procedures, security issues, backup procedures, and remote access Presentation_ID © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 444 HP IT Essentials II: Network Operating Systems • English v3.0 released April 2005 • French v3.0 scheduled for August 2005 • Surveys to Instructor Community indicated that CompTIA Server+ was no longer valuable • However, feedback to retain overview of NOS (keep Windows content) • Some Server+ content was removed to allow more Linux content • HP IT Essentials II: NOS v3 AND Fundamentals of UNIX course map to CompTIA Linux+ Presentation_ID © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 555 Fundamentals of UNIX news • Course developed in 2001 under sponsorship of Sun • Sun’s sponsorship and contract ended in May