Ukrainian Prism: Foreign Policy 2018 Ukrainian Prism: Foreign Policy 2018
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EDITORS: NADIIA BUREIKO | MARIIA KOVAL | HENNADIY MAKSAK | HANNA SHELEST UKRAINIAN PRISM: FOREIGN POLICY 2018 UKRAINIAN PRISM: FOREIGN POLICY 2018 Contacts The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Oce in Ukraine those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. 34 Puschkinska str., 01004 Kyiv, Ukraine Commercial use of any materials, printed by the Friedrich- Tel.: +38 044 2340038 Fax: +38 044 4514031 Ebert-Stiftung, is not allowed without written consent of FES. http://www.fes.kiev.ua Contacts: [email protected] Foreign Policy Council “Ukrainian Prism” http://www.prismua.org [email protected] УДК 327(477)"2017"(048.83) =111 І-У45 Editors: Nadiia Bureiko, PhD, Mariia Koval, Hennadiy Maksak, Hanna Shelest, PhD Ukrainian Prism: Foreign Policy 2018. Analytical study // Foreign Policy Council “Ukrainian Prism”, Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Office in Ukraine – Kyiv, 2019. – 250 p. ISBN 978-617-7157-92-1 This analytical study represents a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the Ukrainian foreign policy in 2018. Forty nine directions were analysed – from cooperation with key partners and international organizations to public diplomacy. Five evaluation criteria – indicators, based on the new model of research methodology, were applied. The experts have studied and assessed activities of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (Parliament) and other institutions, involved into the development and implementation of the foreign policy of Ukraine. This book is the fourth annual study. Previous years’ analysis can be found at http://prismua.org The reference to the author and the analytical study are obligatory in the cases of complete or partial use of its materials. © Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Office in Ukraine, 2019. Content Introduction ....................................................................................... 5 Methodology of Research .............................................................. 6 Foreign Policy of Ukraine in 2018 ...............................................14 1. G -7 Сountries .............................................................................. 29 United Kingdom ..................................................................................30 Italy ...................................................................................................... 35 Canada ................................................................................................. 39 Germany .............................................................................................. 43 USA ......................................................................................................46 France ...................................................................................................51 Japan .................................................................................................... 56 2. European Integration................................................................60 European Union ...................................................................................61 Political dialogue .......................................................................... 62 Economic cooperation .................................................................. 64 Eastern Partnership ............................................................................ 67 European Energy Community ............................................................ 70 3. Euro-Atlantic integration ......................................................... 74 4. Bilateral relations ...................................................................... 79 Belarus .................................................................................................80 Georgia .................................................................................................84 Israel ....................................................................................................88 Iran.......................................................................................................92 China .................................................................................................... 95 Lithuania ..............................................................................................98 Moldova ..............................................................................................101 Poland ................................................................................................ 104 Romania ............................................................................................. 108 Slovakia ...............................................................................................112 Turkey .................................................................................................116 Hungary ............................................................................................. 120 Russia ..................................................................................................124 Political relations .........................................................................125 Economic relations ......................................................................127 Energy relations ......................................................................... 130 5. Regional Cooperation Asia-Pacific Region .............................................................................134 Middle East .........................................................................................139 Western Balkans .................................................................................143 Baltic States ........................................................................................147 Visegrad Four ..................................................................................... 151 Latin America .....................................................................................155 Northern Europe ................................................................................159 South Asia ...........................................................................................164 Sub-Saharan Africa ............................................................................ 168 Central Asia.........................................................................................173 Black Sea Region ................................................................................176 6. International Organizations OSCE ...................................................................................................181 United Nations ...................................................................................185 Council of Europe .............................................................................. 190 7. Multilateral Initiatives Human Rights ....................................................................................195 Climate Change ..................................................................................200 Nuclear Non-proliferation .................................................................203 International Security .......................................................................207 8. Build-up of international support on countering Russian aggression ........................................................................211 9. Economic Diplomacy ................................................................216 10. Public Diplomacy ..................................................................220 11. Ukrainians Abroad .................................................................224 Summary table of the foreign policy evaluation in 2018 ...228 Recommendations ........................................................................ 233 Abbreviations .................................................................................239 Authors and Consultants .............................................................241 On Foreign Policy Council “Ukrainian Prism” ..................... 245 On Friedrich Ebert Foundation ................................................246 Dear friends, We would like to present Ukrainian Prism: Foreign Policy 2018, our annual report with experts’ views on development and implementation of Ukraine’s foreign policy in 49 directions. For four consecutive years, we have been preparing the report based on clear measurable indicators. Firstly, this allows us to trace dynamics of the foreign policy activities of the Ukrainian authorities by vectors. Secondly, this enables a comparison between different directions of foreign policy to see improvement or barriers to progress. The unique feature of this analysis is its comprehensive approach to analysing activities of all actors, not just the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and its research of all regions in the world, which no other publication offers. This annual report looks at the political interests of the key Ukrainian players in individual areas of foreign policy, available mechanisms of coordination and strategic vision, as well as at the practical work and achieved results. This analysis can become a basis for the White Book on foreign policy as a background for conceptual documents. This year, the methodology we developed in 2015 and improved annually, no longer required corrections. This signalled that, as we aspired to an improved and all- encompassing approach, we have found one that best serves the analytical