Only Angels Have Wings” [Sólo Los Ángeles Tienen Alas] 1939

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Only Angels Have Wings” [Sólo Los Ángeles Tienen Alas] 1939 “–only Angels have wings” [Sólo los ángeles tienen alas] 1939 Ficha técnica general. Sumario: En un remoto puerto comercial sudamericano, el gerente de una empresa de transporte aéreo se ve obligado a arriesgar la vida de sus pilotos para ganar un importante contrato. Director: Howard Hawks Guion: Jules Furthman Reparto (las estrellas): Cary Grant como Geoff Carter Jean Arthur Bonnie Lee Reparto (otros protagonistas): Richard Barthelmess Bat MacPherson Rita Hayworth Judy MacPherson Thomas Mitchell Kid Dabb Reparto (los secundarios): Allyn Joslyn Les Peters Sig Ruman Dutchy Victor Kilian Sparks John Carroll Gent Shelton Don 'Red' Barry Tex Noah Beery Jr. Joe Souther Milisa Sierra Lily Lucio Villegas Doctor Pat Flaherty Mike Pedro Regas Pancho Pat West Baldy Manuel Álvarez Maciste The Singer Equipo y especificaciones técnicas: Producción: Columbia. Productor, Argumento original y Guion: HOWARD HAWKS. Guion: Jules Furthman. Fotografía: Joseph Walker. Fotografía aérea: Elmer Dyer. Efectos especiales: Roy Davidson y Edwin G. Hahn. Dirección artística: Lionel Banks. Diseño de vestuario: Robert Kalloch Maquillaje: Robert J. Schiffer Música: Dimitri Tiomkin. Dirección musical: M. W. Stoloff. Montaje: Viola Lawrence. Duración: 121 minutos; Longitud de película: 3.376,88 metros (12 rollos) Relación de aspecto: 1,37:1; Formato: 35 mm Fechas de producción: 20 de diciembre de 1938―24 de marzo de 1939 Estreno en Estados Unidos: 25 de mayo de 1939 (12 de mayo de 1939, en Nueva York) Estreno en España: 23 de septiembre de 1943, cine Callao. La filmografía de Howard Hawks 1926, El camino de la gloria (The Road to Glory); Hojas de parra (Fig Leaves); 1927, The Cradle Snatchers; Érase una vez un príncipe (Paid to Lave); El príncipe Fazil; 1928, Una novia en cada puerto (A Girl in Every Port); Por la ruta de los cielos (The Air Circus, terminada por Lewis Seiler); 1929, ¿Quién es el culpable? (Trent's Last Case); 1930, La escuadrilla del amanecer (The Dawn Patrol); 1931, The Criminal Code; 1932, Avidez de tragedia (The Crowd Roars); Scarface, el terror del hampa (Scarface); Pasto de tiburones (Tiger Shark); La foule hurle, firmada por John Daumery; 1933, Vivamos hoy (Today We Live); El boxeador y la dama, firmada por W.S. Van Dyke 1934, ¡Viva Villa!, terminada y firmada por Jack Conway; La comedia de la vida (Twentieh Century); 1935, La ciudad sin ley (Barbary Coast); Águilas heroicas (Ceiling Zero); 1936, The Road to Glory; Rivales (Come and Get It) terminada por William Wyler; 1938, La fiera de mi niña (Bringing Up Baby); 1939, Sólo los ángeles tienen alas (Only Angels Have Wings): 1940, Luna nueva (His Girl Friday); 1941, El sargento York (Sergeant York); Bola de fuego (Ball of Fire); 1943, Air Force (El bombardero heroico); 1943, El forajido (The Outlaw), terminada y firmada por Howard Hughes; 1943, Heroes del mar (Corvette K-225), firmada por Richard Rosson 1944, Tener y no tener (To Have and Have Not); 1946, El sueño eterno (The Big Sleep); 1948, Río Rojo (Red River); Nace una canción (A Song is Born); 1949, La novia era él (I Was a Male War Bride); 1951, El enigma de otro mundo (The Thing from Another World), firmada por Christian Nyby; 1952, Río de sangre (The Big Sky); The Ramson of the Red Chief sketch de Cuatro páginas de la vida (O'Henry's Full House), Me siento rejuvenecer (Monkey Business); 1953, Los caballeros las prefieren rubias (Gentlemen Prefer Blondes); 1955, Tierra de faraones (Land of the Pharaohs); 1958, Río Bravo; 1961, ¡Hatari!; 1963, Su juego favorito (Man's Favorite Sport?); 1965, Peligro ... línea 7000 (Red Line 7000); 1967, Eldorado; 1970, Río Lobo. Otros estrenos del año 1939: Cumbres borrascosas (William Wyler). El mago de Oz (Victor Fleming). La diligencia (John Ford). La regla del juego (Jean Renoir). Lo que el viento se llevó (Victor Fleming). Los violentos años veinte (Raoul Walsh). Mujeres (George Cukor). Tierra de audaces (Henry King). Unión Pacífico (Cecil B. DeMille). Otras cosas que pasaban mientras se rodaba la película: Un mes antes de empezar el rodaje, en noviembre, termina la batalla del Ebro. 22 de diciembre, en el Instituto Kaiser Wilhelm de Berlín, se consigue la primera fisión nuclear. 26 de enero, las tropas de Franco entran en Barcelona. 1 de febrero, un decreto ordena la expulsión de Checoslovaquia de todos los judíos extranjeros. 28 de febrero, Francia y Reino Unido reconocen al gobierno de Franco. 2 de marzo, el cardenal Pacelli es elegido papa con el nombre de Pío XII. 6 de marzo, Consejo Nacional de Defensa [CND] en Madrid presidido por Miaja. 15 de marzo, ofertas de negociación del CND al Cuartel General de Burgos 14 de marzo, el ejército alemán invade el resto de Checoslovaquia. 29 de marzo, las tropas de franco entran en Madrid. El argumento de la película: Cuando el barco San Luis hace una parada en el puerto de Barranca, para entregar bolsas de correo y cargar bananas, la cantante de cabaret Bonnie Lee deja el barco durante algunas horas para dar un paseo por los alrededores. Se encuentra con una pandilla de aviadores estadounidenses, que trabajan para un holandés, que es el propietario del hotel, pero también de la inestable Barranca Airways. El gerente de la compañía es el piloto Geoff Carter, que debe enfrentarse en un clima tormentoso a vuelos son extremadamente difíciles, sobre todo para franquear la cordillera de los Andes a través de un paso a 14.000 pies de altitud. Uno de los jóvenes pilotos sale en vuelo de prueba, pero el mal tiempo le impide atravesar el paso, y en su deseo de regresar pronto para cenar con Bonnie intenta un aterrizaje sin visibilidad en el que pierde la vida. No es el primero, otros pilotos ya habían muerto antes. Bonnie se siente atraída por el cínico Geoff, quien en cierta medida le recuerda a su padre, un trapecista que trabajaba sin red de seguridad, y decide no volver al barco y quedarse en el hotel. Pero Geoff, que también siente atracción por Bonnie, tiene miedo de ser interferido en su estilo de vida si se une a ella. Un nuevo piloto, Bat MacPherson, que puede reemplazar al fallecido, llega a Barranca con su esposa Judy, que años atrás fue novia de Geoff, y cuyas relaciones se rompieron al intentar ella que él dejara de volar. Geoff reconoce en McPherson, que ha dado un nombre falso, a un piloto que en un momento de peligro saltó de su avión en paracaídas dejando abandonado a su mecánico, que pereció; aquel mecánico era hermano de Kid Dabb, el mejor amigo de Geoff y un buen aviador al que por su acentuada miopía no tiene más remedio que destinar tan sólo a servicios de tierra. Geoff confía a McPherson los vuelos más peligrosos, pero uno hay tan arriesgado que decide efectuarlo él mismo. Para poder acompañarle, Kid le propone confiarlo a la suerte y utiliza una moneda trucada que le permite ganar. Bonnie se opone a que Geoff haga el vuelo en cuestión y llega a amenazarle con un revólver, que accidentalmente se dispara resultando el aviador con una herida leve. McPherson ocupa su puesto en el aparato, junto al hermano del mecánico que murió por su culpa. Durante el vuelo un cóndor se estrella contra el avión rompiendo el cristal delantero e hiriendo a Kid. Las condiciones son dramáticas y Kid pide a McPherson que salte en paracaídas y le deje, pero·McPherson se niega, y en un alarde de dominio consigue llegar sin novedad al aeródromo. Kid muere y Bonnie se quedará con Geoff. Para algunos críticos es este el mejor de los cinco films de aviación que Howard Hawks realizó; otros, sin embargo, siguen prefiriendo «La escuadrilla del amanecer». En favor de «Sólo los ángeles tienen alas» se mencionan sus escenas de aviación, como más convincentes, por la sensación de peligro. Técnicamente es un alarde de pureza cinematográfica, que pasa con naturalidad de la comedia al drama para volver a aquélla como remanso saludable. Algunos datos de la biografía de Howard Hawks: Howard Winchester Hawks nació en Goshen (Indiana) el 30 de mayo de 1896. Sus dos hermanos también tendrían actividades cinematográficas: William productor de películas y Kenneth, fallecido en accidente de aviación, dirigió algunos films con soltura, aunque con escasa personalidad. La familia se trasladó a California durante la infancia de Howard, que estudió en la Universidad de Pasadena y en la Academia Philips Exeter, y después en la Universidad de Cornell, de Nueva York, a donde llegó en la adolescencia. Quería ser ingeniero, pero problemas económicos familiares le impidieron lograrlo, y tuvo que ganarse la vida como piloto de coches de carreras. En 1917, al entrar los Estados Unidos en la primera guerra mundial, se alistó como aviador y combatió en Europa, alcanzando el grado de teniente. Desmovilizado en 1919, trabajó durante algún tiempo en una oficina aeronáutica y, como piloto, llegó a ganar una marca de velocidad en línea recta. En 1922, durante unas vacaciones que pasó en Hollywood, empezó a trabajar como ascensorista en los estudios Paramount, desde donde pasó a la Metro, como ayudante de montaje. El cine le interesó mucho, más cada vez, y abandonó otros quehaceres para entregarse del todo al mundo del celuloide. En 1923 fue ayudante del director Marshall Neilan, produjo algunas películas independientes, dedicó especial atención a los documentales y cortometrajes y escribió argumentos y guiones, alcanzando el puesto de director del departamento literario de Paramount. En 1925 ofreció un argumento a William Fox, presidente de la Fox Film Corporation. De la conversación con el magnate de la industria resultó la primera oportunidad de Hawks para ensayar sus aptitudes como director. En seguida firmó un contrato de exclusiva con la Fox, que duraría hasta fines de 1929.
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