The Chronology: Fourteen photo portraits of John Brown

Group One: The Fugitive Slave Law Era 1846-1854

1. John Brown in Hartford ca. 1846 Photographer: Augustus Washington (1820-1875) Quarter plate daguerreotype, Nelson-Atkins Museum 2008.6.4. mirror view The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri Gift of the Hall Family Foundation in 2007 Photo by John Lamberton

2. John Brown with abolition banner ca. 1846 “within days” of Image 1 [Barrow] Photographer: Augustus Washington (1820-1875) Quarter-plate daguerreotype, National Portrait Gallery NPG 96.123. mirror view National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution Purchased with major acquisition funds and with funds donated by Betty Adler Schermer in honor of August M. Bondi, in 1996

3. John Brown in Albany/Troy ca. 1851/1852 Photographer: unknown [possibly Samuel Lear Walker (1802-1874)]. Sixth plate copy daguerreotype at M. M. Lawrence Studio, , ca. 1852/1853. life view Courtesy of private owner, 2011

4. John Brown ca. 1854 Photographer: unknown [possibly Samuel Miller (n.d.) in Akron] Copy by Easton’s Photographic Gallery, Rochester, Minnesota, dated March 24th 1868. Carte-de-visite albumen print, Brown, John #8 Kansas Memory ID 208851. life view Kansas Historical Society Donated by James Burton in 1952

5. John Brown ca. 1850-1854 Photographer: unknown. Albumen carte de visite published as the frontispiece in Life and Letters of John Brown by Richard D. Webb in London, 1861 “while he was in the firm of Perkins & Brown” [Redpath] life view Collection of Jean Libby

John Brown Photo Chronology Revisions and Revelations Supplement to the catalog 2009 © 2016

The Chronology: Fourteen photo portraits of John Brown

Group Two: Freedom or Slavery in Kansas 1855-1857

6. John Brown in Akron [1] August 1855 Photographer: attributed to Benjamin Battels (1823-1896) Brown, John #10, John Brown Collection, KSHS. life view Kansas Historical Society

6a. John Brown “The Albany Picture” as described by William Barnes, sponsor, made on February 24, 1857 Enhanced version of John Brown in Akron [1] August 1855. Albumen print, 6 7/8 by 5 3/8 inches, F. G. Logan Collection ICHi 22207. life view Chicago History Museum

7. John Brown in Hudson Summer 1856 Photographer: attributed to John Markillie (1814-1868) Sixth-plate daguerreotype; Atheneum, UTB-6, 5.4, broj (no. 1). mirror view Boston Athenaeum Donated by Sally Fairchild in 1942

8. John Brown in Lawrence, September 12, 1856. Photographer: John Bowles (1833-1900), art rendition by Daniel Beard (1850- 1941). Frontispiece of Richard J. Hinton, John Brown and his Men; with some account of the roads they traveled to reach Harper’s Ferry (1894) with signature of Brown reproduced on it 7 ¼ x 4 ¾ inches, Kansas Memory 208878. life view Kansas Historical Society

9. John Brown in Boston [1] December 1856/January 1857 Photographer: attributed to Josiah J. Hawes (1808-1901) or (1822-1891) Quarter plate daguerreotype, Massachusetts Historical Society Photo 1.18 mirror view Massachusetts Historical Society, donated by Amos A. Lawrence on Feb. 12, 1869 “Mr. John Brown sat for this likeness for me in 1856, in Boston, after the Osawatomie affair”

9a. John Brown in Boston [1] December 1856/January 1857 Photogravure, 6 and ½ by 8-inch print, Boyd Stutler Collection PHO-0012. mirror view West Virginia State Archives 9b. Photoprint on card imprinted by Hawes Studio in Kansas Collection, Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas. “A likeness of old John Brown which he had taken at my request in 1856, when he went to Kansas. Amos A. Lawrence, Boston, 1881.” RH PH P466 (not pictured)

Cover: John Brown in Boston [1] albumen print, 7 x 10 inches, signed by John Brown. KSHS, Brown, John #9, Kansas Memory ID 208929. Thomas H. Webb (1801-1866) Scrapbooks, acquired in 1878. Dr. Thomas H. Webb was Secretary of the Kansas Emigrant Aid Committee, and a publisher in Boston.

The Chronology: Fourteen photo portraits of John Brown

10. John Brown in Boston [2] Winter 1856/1857 Photographer: attributed to John Adams Whipple (1822-1891) Sixth plate tintype copy of daguerreotype owned by Thomas Webb of Boston (1801-1866) by Miss M. A. Winnie of Topeka, ca. 1878-1880. Brown, John #7, Kansas Memory ID 3386. life view Kansas Historical Society

10a. John Brown in Boston [2] Winter 1856/1857 Photographer: attributed to John Adams Whipple (1822-1891) Painted card photo on gelatin or collodion printing out paper by James Harvey Leonard (1846-1940); copy of the Winnie tintype ca. 1880. Brown, John #6, Kansas Memory ID 3344. mirror view Kansas Historical Society

11. John Brown in Boston [3] January 1857 Photographer: attributed to Whipple and Black (James Wallace Black 1825-1896) Boston Athenaeum UTB-2. 5.4 Broj 1857. mirror view Boston Athenaeum Donated by James Redpath in 1864

11a. Frontispiece of The Public Life of Captain John Brown, With an autobiography of his childhood and youth by James Redpath (1860). Engraver: John Chester Buttre (1821-1893) mirror view Collection of Jean Libby

11b. Engraving of John Brown based on daguerreotype Engraver unknown. mirror view Signal Corps Still Photographs, SC 101021 RG 1111. National Archives and Records Administration, College Park Maryland Collection of Wm. Woodridge, Michigan

12. John Brown in Boston [4] April/May 1857 Photographer: attributed to Josiah J. Hawes (1808-1901) as one of two portraits. B&W print, Boyd Stutler Collection, PH01-0011 life view West Virginia State Archives

12a. John Brown in Boston [4] April/May 1857 Photographer: attributed to John Adams Whipple (1822-1891) Lithograph by John Henry Bufford (1810-1870) frontispiece of Harper’s Ferry Tragedy with Full Details of the Capture, Trial and Execution of the Invaders, and all the Incidents Connected Therewith, with a Lithographic Portrait of Capt. John Brown, from a Photograph by Whipple. Boston: James Campbell, 1860. Original edition signed by Thomas Drew, Rare Books Room, Stanford University Libraries, E451.D77 life view Stanford University Libraries Special Collections

The Chronology: Fourteen photo portraits of John Brown

Group three: “I will carry the war into Africa” 1857-1859

13. John Brown in Akron [2] [date in review: 1840s to 1855] Photographer: attributed to Benjamin Battels (1823-1896) Carte-de-visite albumen print by the Philadelphia Photographic Company ca 1862. Western Maryland Room, MR 1703 life view Washington County Free Library, Hagerstown Maryland Donated by Jean Libby in 2003

13a. John Brown in Akron [2] painted photograph May/June 1857. Artist: attributed to Benjamin Battels (1823-1896) at the request of John Brown. Akron-Summit County, Ohio Public Library 11 x 14-inches. life view

14. John Brown with beard, New York, May 1858 Photographer: Martin M. Lawrence (1808-1860) Albumen print, 7 3/8 by 5 3/8 inches, ‘Lawrence’s Photographs’ blind stamp on mount, with facsimile signature of John Brown pasted on. Library of Congress PH Lawrence (M.) no. 1 [P & P]. life view Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Acquired from Marian S. Carson in 1997

14a. “Farewell God Bless You” print copyrighted by James Wallace Black on December 12, 1859. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs courtesy John M. Lawlor, LOC scholar

Vignette of John Brown with beard, New York 1858/Boston 1859 New enhanced negative attributed to James Wallace Black (1825-1896) May 1859 printed by Alfred Cowles Platt (1826-1884) in Sandusky, Ohio, 1860s. Albumen cabinet card, cut to 4 ¾ x 3 ½ inches to fit a frame or album. Kansas Memory ID 208848. life view Kansas Historical Society Donated by John Brown, Jr. in 1888

Vignette of John Brown with beard, New York 1858/1861 Sixth plate tintype, Neff’s Patented Melainotype, Cincinnati. mirror view Courtesy of the owner William Miller, Wadsworth, Ohio

Jean Libby, author and curator Allies for Freedom www.alliesforfreedom.org 1222 Fulton St. Palo Alto, California 94301