DOCSLIB.ORG

A Checklist and Conservation Status of Vascular Plants in the Limestone Forest of Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Checklist and Conservation Status of Vascular Plants in the Limestone Forest of Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 21, Number 9, September 2020 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 3969-3981 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210907 A checklist and conservation status of vascular plants in the Limestone forest of Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines MAE ANN R. BATUYONG1,4,, MICHAEL A. CALARAMO2, GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO1,3 1The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines. email: [email protected] 2Northwestern University Ecological Park & Botanic Gardens. Airport Avenue, Bengcag, Laoag City, 2900, Ilocos Norte, Philippines 3College of Science and Research Centre for the Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España Blvd., 1015 Manila, Philippines 4Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Mariano Marcos State University, City of Batac, 2906, Ilocos Norte, Philippines Manuscript received: 8 June 2020. Revision accepted: 6 August 2020. Abstract. Batuyong MAR, Calaramo MA, Alejandro GJD. 2020. A checklist and conservation status of vascular plants in the Limestone forest of Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3969-3981. The Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve (MINWFR) is among the remaining intact limestone formations and a critical protected area in northwestern Luzon. There have been few published floristic studies despite its undeniable rich biological importance. Therefore, this paper primarily aims to provide a preliminary checklist of vascular plants in MINWFR and their conservation status. Consequent field visits and surveys were made from April 2019 to March 2020. Results revealed a total of 173 species distributed in 140 genera belonging to 59 families. The most represented families are Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae, and Malvaceae. This forest supports 49% or 28.65 % local endemics, five of which are narrow endemics, namely Cyanometra warburgii, Pyrostria triflora, Syzygium ilocanum, Thrixspermum nicolasiorum, and Antirhea microphylla. The latter, however, extends up to Ilocos Sur. Based on IUCN criteria and DENR (Department of Environment and Natural Resources of Philippines) records, a total of 18 species are threatened, one species is recorded as critically endangered, five endangered, nine vulnerable, three other threatened, two near threatened, 55 as least concern, and the rest are not evaluated. Other noteworthy species present in the area are the two dominant endangered species, Podocarpus costalis, and Podocarpus polystachyus. An interesting spinescent Rubiaceae species were recorded and currently under examination to establish its identity. This checklist serves as a basis to effectively manage this vulnerable area surrounded by human-induced disturbances and threats. Keywords: Biodiversity, conservation, Ilocos Norte, Limestone forest INTRODUCTION biodiversity research and urgent consideration for protection is limestone ecosystem. It is identified as a The Philippines supports many endemic and various conservation focus for sustainability, especially that natural species from different ecosystems owing to its highly and anthropogenic disturbances are increasing (Sodhi et al. diverse topography, climate patterns, and complex 2010). The Philippines is endowed with about 11.7% or geological history (Myers et al. 2000; Yap 2010; Brown et extensive 35,000 km2 karst total land (DENR-BMB 2019), al. 2013; Dapar et al. 2020). It is listed as one of the but a large portion of this is still unknown to science. The megadiverse countries (DENR-BMB 2015; CI 2020). Philippines' Biodiversity Management Bureau recognized However, it is reported as one of the top countries affected the need for a strategic action plan to save and sustainably by biodiversity loss, thus making it one of the global managed this unique ecosystem as it hosts diverse flora and conservation priority areas (Rockstrom et al. 2009; fauna. The growing interest in this type of forest formation Mittermeier et al. 2011; CBD 2020). is because of its panoramic view, ecotourism and In the past years, there have been increased government recreational value, the potential discovery of new flora and initiatives recompensed by conservation successes such as fauna, the utilization of its mineral and aquifer resources, the establishments and declarations of Key Biodiversity and cultural importance. Areas (KBAs) and Protected Areas (PAs) as cornerstones Among the considered remaining intact and important to ensure biodiversity conservation in the face of threats limestone areas found in Luzon (Tolentino et al. 2020), is and pandemic we are experiencing (Sinsin 2012; DENR- the Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve BMB 2015). Sadly, due to incessant deforestation and (MINWFR). It is part of the Ilocos Mountains and exploitations of several crucial habitats, this has led the described as one of the critical ecosystems by Calaramo et country to be on the edge of ecological degradation and al. (2016). It has numerous cavern systems, and most of biodiversity collapse (Posa et al. 2008; Amoroso 2011; them contain subterranean rivers (DENR-MINWFR CBD 2020). One of the diverse types of forest ecosystems Management Plan 2018). Initially, it is established as a in the country that is gaining the need for top priority component by the National Integrated Protected Area 3970 BIODIVERSITAS 21 (9): 3969-3981, September 2020 System (NIPAS) through Presidential Proclamation No. MATERIALS AND METHODS 731, dated September 27, 1934, but currently, proposed to be a regular component. Study site Unfortunately, like any other area, its ecological aspects The study site is positioned geographically in the are also the most vulnerable and fragile (Brinkmann & Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve Parise 2012) and under immense pressure because of the (MINWFR), Municipality of Pasuquin, Province of Ilocos observed disturbances in all corners of the PA brought by Norte, Philippines (Figure 1). Based on the DENR human exploitation and numerous infrastructure (Department of Environment and Natural Resources of developments, aggravated by the harsh climatic condition. Philippines) cadastral survey, it has an estimated land area Meager information is also available about the richness and of 2,075 hectares with a buffer zone of 412 hectares. It lies status of plants existing in this area. Hence, this suggests an between geographical coordinates of 120° 37'00" -120° imminent need to perform a floristic survey to increase the 41'00" North and 18° 21'00" -18° 24'00" East. It covers plant diversity knowledge on this limestone forest. As Barangays Sapat, Tadao, Salpad, Sulbec, Sulongan, underscored by Ong et al. (2002), the conduct of floristic Susugaen, and Estancia. inventories through and mapping of habitat types must be The climate of MINWFR sits in the type 1 climate with undertaken, since these areas contain specific vegetation pronounced dry and wet season based on the Corona assemblages and may be very useful in predicting and Classification. There is a severe dryness during the summer validating plant distribution. Moreover, Stockli et al. months from January to May, which reaches a very high (2011) emphasized that they are crucial elements in the temperature (390C). The wet months from June to October monitoring of programs directed at looking into the effects transform the vegetation into greenery, where trees create a of climate change. thick canopy, and numerous seasonal herbs grow on its Further, they will serve as essential guides necessary rocky ecosystems. Tropical cyclones and storms for creating conservation plans and programs directed for occasionally visit the Municipality of Pasuquin during the policy formulation (Bacudo et al. 2006; UNEP 2012; southwest monsoon season (May to October), and it is most PCARRD 2017) and the practical management of the area dominant during July. Exposed to Southeast monsoon and in a way where potentially invasive species may be cyclonic rains, this area experiences prevailing wind efficiently identified, accordingly monitored, and properly blowing from north to south and sometimes west to east, contained. Thus, this study provides a preliminary checklist primarily when rainfall occurs. However, the area is of vascular plants, including their conservation status in the shielded from the northeast and trade winds by the limestone forest of MIWFR, Northwestern Luzon, Northern Cordillera Ranges. Philippines. Figure 1. Map of the study sites in Metropolitan Ilocos Norte Watershed Forest Reserve (MINWFR), Northwestern Luzon, Municipality of Pasuquin, Province of Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Surveyed areas are marked in green and red BATUYONG et al. – Checklist of vascular plants in MINWFR, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines 3971 MINWFR is generally mountainous with rugged Index, IPNI (https://www.ipni.org/). Online databases such terrain. Terrain ranges from 0-8% level to undulating, 8 - as The Global Biodiversity Information Facility 18% undulating to rolling, 18-30% rolling to hilly, 30-50% ((http://www.gbif.org/)) and Co's Digital Flora (Pelser et hilly to mountainous, and 50% very steep. The highest al. 2011 onwards) of the Philippines were used to identify elevation of the protected area is 539 meters above sea the occurrence and distribution of the plants collected. The level (asl). The highest altitude in the Municipality is 564 classification of the conservation status was based on the meters located
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Five Hundred Plant Species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java a Checklist Including Sundanese Names, Distribution and Use
    Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java A checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use Hari Priyadi Gen Takao Irma Rahmawati Bambang Supriyanto Wim Ikbal Nursal Ismail Rahman Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java A checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use Hari Priyadi Gen Takao Irma Rahmawati Bambang Supriyanto Wim Ikbal Nursal Ismail Rahman © 2010 Center for International Forestry Research. All rights reserved. Printed in Indonesia ISBN: 978-602-8693-22-6 Priyadi, H., Takao, G., Rahmawati, I., Supriyanto, B., Ikbal Nursal, W. and Rahman, I. 2010 Five hundred plant species in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java: a checklist including Sundanese names, distribution and use. CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia. Photo credit: Hari Priyadi Layout: Rahadian Danil CIFOR Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede Bogor Barat 16115 Indonesia T +62 (251) 8622-622 F +62 (251) 8622-100 E [email protected] www.cifor.cgiar.org Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) CIFOR advances human wellbeing, environmental conservation and equity by conducting research to inform policies and practices that affect forests in developing countries. CIFOR is one of 15 centres within the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). CIFOR’s headquarters are in Bogor, Indonesia. It also has offices in Asia, Africa and South America. | iii Contents Author biographies iv Background v How to use this guide vii Species checklist 1 Index of Sundanese names 159 Index of Latin names 166 References 179 iv | Author biographies Hari Priyadi is a research officer at CIFOR and a doctoral candidate funded by the Fonaso Erasmus Mundus programme of the European Union at Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Forestry Research Vol
    ISSN 2355-7079 E-ISSN 2406-8195 538/AU3/P2MI-LIPI/06/2013 Ina.J.For.Res Vol. 2 Vol. Indonesian Journal of No. 2 Forestry Research Vol. 2 No. 2, October 2015 October Pages 71 - 142 Bogor 2015 ISSN : 2355-7079 Ministry of Environment and Forestry Ministry of Environment and Forestry Research, Development and Innovation Agency Research, Development and Innovation Agency Indonesia Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 2 No. 2, October 2015 Annals of the Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research (IJFR) was first published as Journal of Forestry Research (JFR) on November 2004 (ISSN 0216-0919). The last issue of JFR was Volume 10 Number 2 published on December 2013. The Journal of Forestry Research has been accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences since 2008. The last accreditation was on 21 June 2013 (accreditation number: 538/AU3/P2MI-LIPI/06/2013) which will be valid until 2016. IJFR will be issued in one volume every year including two issues which will be delivered every April and October. This Journal is published by Research, Development and Innovation Agency (FORDA), Ministry of Environment and Forestry, formerly known as Forestry Research and Development Agency, the Ministry of Forestry Republic of Indonesia. The name of publisher has been changed due to the amalgamation of the Ministry of Forestry with the Ministry of Environment into the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Republic of Indonesia (Perpres No. 16/2015). Consequently, the Forestry Research and Development Agency was transformed into Research Development and Innovation Agency for Forestry and Environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Use on Riparian and Savanna Vegetation in Northwest Australia
    Received: 5 June 2017 | Accepted: 29 October 2017 DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12591 SPECIAL FEATURE: PALAEOECOLOGY Journal of Vegetation Science Forgotten impacts of European land- use on riparian and savanna vegetation in northwest Australia Simon E. Connor1,2 | Larissa Schneider3 | Jessica Trezise3 | Susan Rule3 | Russell L. Barrett4,5 | Atun Zawadzki6 | Simon G. Haberle3 1School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Abstract 2CIMA-FCT, University of the Algarve, Faro, Questions: Fire and livestock grazing are regarded as current threats to biodiversity Portugal and landscape integrity in northern Australia, yet it remains unclear what biodiversity 3Centre of Excellence in Australian losses and habitat changes occurred in the 19–20th centuries as livestock and novel Biodiversity and Heritage, and Department of Archaeology and Natural History, Australian fire regimes were introduced by Europeans. What baseline is appropriate for assessing National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia current and future environmental change? 4National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Location: Australia’s Kimberley region is internationally recognized for its unique bio- Trust, Sydney, NSW, Australia diversity and cultural heritage. The region is home to some of the world’s most exten- 5 College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, sive and ancient rock art galleries, created by Aboriginal peoples since their arrival on Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia the continent 65,000 years ago. The Kimberley is considered one of Australia’s most 6Institute for Environmental intact landscapes and its assumed natural vegetation has been mapped in detail. Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Methods: Interpretations are based on a continuous sediment record obtained from a Technology Organisation, Menai, NSW, Australia waterhole on the Mitchell River floodplain.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Creek Species Lists
    NATIVE VEGETATION SPECIES The Rapid Creek Landcare Group compiled these lists to inform revegetation work. The habitat based lists include a range of species that are appropriate to be planted in the catchment. The following references were used: • Rapid Creek Management Plan (1994) Prepared for Darwin City Council and Greening Australia by Clouston • Terrestrial Flora and Fauna Surveys of Darwin International Airport (2009) Prepared for NT Airports by EcOz Environmental Services • Rapid Creek Vegetation Survey Prepared by Clark and Brocklehurst in the early 1990’s • Expert botanical advice A focus is placed on tree and shrub species likely to be used in revegetation. It is recommended site specific expert advice be sought before finalising species lists for particular projects. WOODLAND Acacia auriculiformis (black wattle) Acacia difficilis Acacia dimidiata (swamp wattle) Acacia lamprocarpa (hickory wattle) Acacia latescens Acacia mimula Alphitonia excelsa (soap tree) Alstonia actinophylla (milkwood) Ampelocissus acetosa (wild grape) Auranticarpa melanosperma Brachychiton diversifolius (northern kurrajong) Brachychiton megaphyllus (red-flowering kurrajong) Breynia cernua (breynia) Bridelia tomentosa Buchanania obovata (green plum) Calytrix exstipulata (turkey bush) Capparis umbonata (bush orange) Cochlospermum fraseri (kapok tree) Corymbia disjuncta (bloodwood) Corymbia polycarpa (long-fruited bloodwood) Cycas armstrongii (cycad) Denhamia obscura (denhamia) Rapid Creek Corridor Species Lists 1/6 Erythrophleum chlorostachys (ironwood)
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com10/07/2021 08:53:11AM Via Free Access 130 IAWA Journal, Vol
    IAWA Journal, Vol. 27 (2), 2006: 129–136 WOOD ANATOMY OF CRAIGIA (MALVALES) FROM SOUTHEASTERN YUNNAN, CHINA Steven R. Manchester1, Zhiduan Chen2 and Zhekun Zhou3 SUMMARY Wood anatomy of Craigia W.W. Sm. & W.E. Evans (Malvaceae s.l.), a tree endemic to China and Vietnam, is described in order to provide new characters for assessing its affinities relative to other malvalean genera. Craigia has very low-density wood, with abundant diffuse-in-aggre- gate axial parenchyma and tile cells of the Pterospermum type in the multiseriate rays. Although Craigia is distinct from Tilia by the pres- ence of tile cells, they share the feature of helically thickened vessels – supportive of the sister group status suggested for these two genera by other morphological characters and preliminary molecular data. Although Craigia is well represented in the fossil record based on fruits, we were unable to locate fossil woods corresponding in anatomy to that of the extant genus. Key words: Craigia, Tilia, Malvaceae, wood anatomy, tile cells. INTRODUCTION The genus Craigia is endemic to eastern Asia today, with two species in southern China, one of which also extends into northern Vietnam and southeastern Tibet. The genus was initially placed in Sterculiaceae (Smith & Evans 1921; Hsue 1975), then Tiliaceae (Ren 1989; Ying et al. 1993), and more recently in the broadly circumscribed Malvaceae s.l. (including Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae, and Bombacaceae) (Judd & Manchester 1997; Alverson et al. 1999; Kubitzki & Bayer 2003). Similarities in pollen morphology and staminodes (Judd & Manchester 1997), and chloroplast gene sequence data (Alverson et al. 1999) have suggested a sister relationship to Tilia.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Assessment Study for New
    Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 50159-001 July 2019 Technical Assistance Number: 9461 Regional: Protecting and Investing in Natural Capital in Asia and the Pacific (Cofinanced by the Climate Change Fund and the Global Environment Facility) Prepared by: Lorenzo V. Cordova, Jr. M.A., Prof. Pastor L. Malabrigo, Jr. Prof. Cristino L. Tiburan, Jr., Prof. Anna Pauline O. de Guia, Bonifacio V. Labatos, Jr., Prof. Juancho B. Balatibat, Prof. Arthur Glenn A. Umali, Khryss V. Pantua, Gerald T. Eduarte, Adriane B. Tobias, Joresa Marie J. Evasco, and Angelica N. Divina. PRO-SEEDS DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION, INC. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Asian Development Bank is the executing and implementing agency. This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Biodiversity Assessment Study for New Clark City New scientific information on the flora, fauna, and ecosystems in New Clark City Full Biodiversity Assessment Study for New Clark City Project Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. Final Report Biodiversity Assessment Study for New Clark City Project Contract No.: 149285-S53389 Final Report July 2019 Prepared for: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550, Metro Manila, Philippines T +63 2 632 4444 Prepared by: PRO-SEEDS DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION, INC C2A Sandrose Place, Ruby St., Umali Subdivision Brgy. Batong Malake, Los Banos, Laguna T (049) 525-1609 © Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc. 2019 The information contained in this document produced by Pro-Seeds Development Association, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • New Triterpenes from the Bark of Canarium Asperum
    Available online a t www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2014, 6 (3):290-294 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4 New triterpenes from the bark of Canarium asperum Consolacion Y. Ragasa 1,2*, Oscar B. Torres 2, Dennis D. Raga 3, Emelina H. Mandia 4, Ming-Jaw Don 5 and Chien-Chang Shen 5 1Chemistry Department, De La Salle University Science & Technology Complex Leandro V. Locsin Campus, Binan City, Laguna 4024, Philippines; 2Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines; 3Department of Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Katipunan Ave., Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City 1108, Philippines; 4Biology Department, De La Salle University-Manila, 5National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, Taipei 112, Taiwan _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extract of the resin from the bark of Canarium asperum led to the isolation of a mixture of new triterpene diastereomers, asperol a (1a) and asperol b ( 1b ) in a 3:2 ratio. The structures of 1a and 1b were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by mass spectrometry. β-amyrin and α-amyrin were also obtained as the major constituents of the resin. Keywords: Canarium asperum , Burseraceae, asperol a, asperol b, β-amyrin, α-amyrin _____________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION Canarium asperum subsp. asperum var. asperum Leenh. (Burseraceae) constitutes a highly polymorphous variety of the species that is endemic in the Malesian region, where it grows apparently well both in the primary and secondary forests or even in savannahs but mainly at low altitudes [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Weiblen, G.D. 2002 How to Be a Fig Wasp. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 47:299
    25 Oct 2001 17:34 AR ar147-11.tex ar147-11.sgm ARv2(2001/05/10) P1: GJB Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2002. 47:299–330 Copyright c 2002 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved ! HOW TO BE A FIG WASP George D. Weiblen University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Biology, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108; e-mail: [email protected] Key Words Agaonidae, coevolution, cospeciation, parasitism, pollination ■ Abstract In the two decades since Janzen described how to be a fig, more than 200 papers have appeared on fig wasps (Agaonidae) and their host plants (Ficus spp., Moraceae). Fig pollination is now widely regarded as a model system for the study of coevolved mutualism, and earlier reviews have focused on the evolution of resource conflicts between pollinating fig wasps, their hosts, and their parasites. Fig wasps have also been a focus of research on sex ratio evolution, the evolution of virulence, coevolu- tion, population genetics, host-parasitoid interactions, community ecology, historical biogeography, and conservation biology. This new synthesis of fig wasp research at- tempts to integrate recent contributions with the older literature and to promote research on diverse topics ranging from behavioral ecology to molecular evolution. CONTENTS INTRODUCING FIG WASPS ...........................................300 FIG WASP ECOLOGY .................................................302 Pollination Ecology ..................................................303 Host Specificity .....................................................304 Host Utilization .....................................................305
    [Show full text]
  • Palmtraits 1.0, a Species-Level Functional Trait Database of Palms Worldwide
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) PalmTraits 1.0, a species-level functional trait database of palms worldwide Kissling, W.D.; Balslev, H.; Baker, W.J.; Dransfield, J.; Göldel, B.; Lim, J.Y.; Onstein, R.E.; Svenning, J.-C. DOI 10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0 Publication date 2019 Document Version Final published version Published in Scientific Data License CC BY Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Kissling, W. D., Balslev, H., Baker, W. J., Dransfield, J., Göldel, B., Lim, J. Y., Onstein, R. E., & Svenning, J-C. (2019). PalmTraits 1.0, a species-level functional trait database of palms worldwide. Scientific Data, 6, [178 ]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0189-0 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:01 Oct 2021 www.nature.com/scientificdata OPEN PalmTraits 1.0, a species-level Data Descriptor functional trait database of palms worldwide Received: 3 June 2019 W.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Lists for the Lambusango Forest Area, Buton, Sulawesi
    PLANT LISTS FOR THE LAMBUSANGO FOREST AREA, BUTON, SULAWESI COMPILED BY ANDREW POWLING, OPERATION WALLACEA AND UNIVERSITY OF PORTSMOUTH, UK With help from Nenny Babo, Aelys Humphreys, Paddy Moss, Pak Muksin, Grace O'Donovan Cautions: A local plant name may be given to different species by different people. Not all identifications can be guaranteed correct. LOCAL NAME SPECIES FAMILY NOTES TREES FOUND IN FOREST Ama Diospyros cf. celebica Ebenaceae Class 1 timber. Four cells in fruit. Ampo Metrosideros petiolata Myrtaceae Class 1 timber. Ultramafics nr. Camp Bala Areng Arenga pinnata Palmae Relic of cultivation, now naturalised Bangkali Kuning Anthocephalus chinensis Rubiaceae syn. Anthocephalus cadamba Bau (Biasa) Pterospermum celebicum Sterculiaceae Forest tree Beleko Polyalthea cf. lateriflora Anonaceae Forest tree Belimbing Hutan (B. Manis) Averrhoa carembola Oxalidaceae Also cultivated Benoa Hermandia ovigera Hernandinaceae Forest and roadside tree Beringin Kamelamelai Ficus tinctoria Moraceae Strangling fig Beringin Merah Ficus virens Moraceae Strangling fig Beringin Putih [A] Ficus altissima Moraceae Strangling fig Beringin Putih [B] Ficus benjamina Moraceae Strangling fig. Beringin Putih [C] Ficus glandifera Moraceae Strangling fig Betau Calophyllum soulattri Guttiferae Forest tree Bigi Dillenia sp. Dilleniaceae Fruit edible Bolongita Tetrameles nudiflora Datiscaceae Soft wood, used for sampans Bucu Cycas rumphii Cycadaceae Forests and cultivation Bulante Macaranga gigantea Euphorbiaceae Forest tree Cemara Casuarina sumatrana Casuarinaceae
    [Show full text]
  • A Dictionary of the Plant Names of the Philippine Islands," by Elmer D
    4r^ ^\1 J- 1903.—No. 8. DEPARTMEl^T OF THE IE"TEIlIOIi BUREAU OF GOVERNMENT LABORATORIES. A DICTIONARY OF THE PLAIT NAMES PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By ELMER D, MERRILL, BOTANIST. MANILA: BUREAU OP rUKLIC I'RIN'TING. 8966 1903. 1903.—No. 8. DEPARTMEE^T OF THE USTTERIOR. BUREAU OF GOVEENMENT LABOEATOEIES. r.RARV QaRDON A DICTIONARY OF THE PLANT PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By ELMER D. MERRILL, BOTANIST. MANILA: BUREAU OF PUBLIC PRINTING. 1903. LETTEE OF TEANSMITTAL. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Government Laboratories, Office of the Superintendent of Laboratories, Manila, P. I. , September 22, 1903. Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith manuscript of a paper entitled "A dictionary of the plant names of the Philippine Islands," by Elmer D. Merrill, Botanist. I am, very respectfully. Paul C. Freer, Superintendent of Government Laboratories. Hon. James F. Smith, Acting Secretary of the Interior, Manila, P. I. 3 A DICTIONARY OF THE NATIVE PUNT NAMES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By Elmer D. ^Ikkrii.i., Botanist. INTRODUCTIOX. The preparation of the present work was undertaken at the request of Capt. G. P. Ahern, Chief of the Forestry Bureau, the objeet being to facihtate the work of the various employees of that Bureau in identifying the tree species of economic importance found in the Arcliipelago. For the interests of the Forestry Bureau the names of the va- rious tree species only are of importance, but in compiling this list all plant names avaliable have been included in order to make the present Avork more generally useful to those Americans resident in the Archipelago who are interested in the vegetation about them.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Composition and Diversity of a Coastal Hill Forest in Perak, Malaysia
    www.ccsenet.org/jas Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 3, No. 3; September 2011 Vascular Plant Composition and Diversity of a Coastal Hill Forest in Perak, Malaysia S. Ghollasimood (Corresponding author), I. Faridah Hanum, M. Nazre, Abd Kudus Kamziah & A.G. Awang Noor Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: 98-915-756-2704 E-mail: [email protected] Received: September 7, 2010 Accepted: September 20, 2010 doi:10.5539/jas.v3n3p111 Abstract Vascular plant species and diversity of a coastal hill forest in Sungai Pinang Permanent Forest Reserve in Pulau Pangkor at Perak were studied based on the data from five one hectare plots. All vascular plants were enumerated and identified. Importance value index (IVI) was computed to characterize the floristic composition. To capture different aspects of species diversity, we considered five different indices. The mean stem density was 7585 stems per ha. In total 36797 vascular plants representing 348 species belong to 227 genera in 89 families were identified within 5-ha of a coastal hill forest that is comprises 4.2% species, 10.7% genera and 34.7% families of the total taxa found in Peninsular Malaysia. Based on IVI, Agrostistachys longifolia (IVI 1245), Eugeissona tristis (IVI 890), Calophyllum wallichianum (IVI 807), followed by Taenitis blechnoides (IVI 784) were the most dominant species. The most speciose rich families were Rubiaceae having 27 species, followed by Dipterocarpaceae (21 species), Euphorbiaceae (20 species) and Palmae (14 species). According to growth forms, 57% of all species were trees, 13% shrubs, 10% herbs, 9% lianas, 4% palms, 3.5% climbers and 3% ferns.
    [Show full text]