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River Basin Assessment RIVER BASIN ASSESSMENT UPPERIMIDDLE GRANDE RONDE RIVER 8t CATHERINE CREEK June 1995 Developed By: Leslie B. Bach Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Project Staff: Thomas Kaye ~ Oregon Department of Agriculture Larry Caton & D. Mitch Wolgamott. .. Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Jim Turner & Mary Hanson Oregon Department of Fish and Wlldllfe Daniel Wermlel Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Eric Gillett & Mathew Gilson .. Oregon Department of Administrative Services (State Service Center for Geographical Information Systems) ti.u BLJ: The Oregon Watershed Health Program ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Water Quality Division Administrator Mike Downs Surface Water Section Kevin Downing, Acting Manager Layout Design, Graphics, 8t Typesetting Hope Y. Smith CCJJonnie" Word Processing Chris R. Watson A number ofpeople assisted in creating this document by providing data, analysis, information, ideas or technical review. A sincere thank you goes to: Dr. Ellen Blsbop - Oregon Watersbed Healtb Program; Marcia Brett - Oregon State University, Aaron Bodor ­ Oregon Dept. of Environmental Quality; Stepbanle Burcbfield - Oregon Dept. of Flsb and Wildlife; Mlcbael Clscell ­ Oregon Water Resources Department; Amy Clark - Oregon Dept. of Environmental Quality; Sbaron Clarke - U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Nortbwest Researcb Station;Rlcbard Cooper - Oregon Water ResourcesDepartment; Ronald Geltgey - Oregon Dept. of Geology and Minerai Industries; Karl Grover - USFS, Wallowa·Wbltman National Forest; Milton mil - Oregon Dept. of Flsb and Wildlife; Mark HenJum - Oregon Dept. of Flsb and Wildlife; Dr. Herbert Huddleston - Oregon State University; Cbarles Huntington - Clearwater Blostudles, Inc.; Dr. Ray Jalndl - Oregon Dept. of Agriculture; Jimmy Kagan - Oregon Natural Heritage Program; Albert Mlrati - Oregon Dept. of Flsb and Wildlife; Reed Marbut - Oregon Water Resources Department; Kelly Moore - Oregon Dept. of Flsb and Wildlife; Steve Scbnurbuscb - Oregon Dept. of Environmental Quality; Karl Stein - USFS, Pacific Nortbwest Region; Doug Terra. Oregon Dept. of Environmental Quality; Sue vrUakas - Oregon Natural Heritage Program; Lew Wallenmeyer ­ Oregon Water Resources Department; Jim Webster - USFS, Wallowa·Wbltman National Forest; Cbrls Weller ­ Oregon Dept. of Environmental Quality; Rutb Willis - Oregon State University; Jeff Zakel - Oregon Dept. of Flsb and Wildlife Errors or omissions in this document are the responsibility of the authors, alone. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION Background 1-1 Purpose . .. 1-1 Analysis Area ................•.............................. .. 1-1 Assessment Approach 1-2 2 WATERSHED DESCRIP110N AND LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS General Location 2-1 Climate and Topography ....................................... .. 2-1 Social and Economic Considerations. .............................. .. 2-2 Geology ................................................... .. 2-3 Soils ......•................................................. 2-5 • General Description 2-5 • Processes.................................................. 2-5 Vegetation .................................. .. 2-5 • General Description 2-5 • Processes and Functions ..................................... .. 2-7 Streams and Streamflow 2-7 J WATERSHED ISSUES AND RESOURCE VALUES Salmonids . 3-1 • Spring/Summer Chinook 3-1 River Basin Assessment - Upper/Middle Grande Ronde River & Catherine Creek • Summer Steelhead ..........•.............................. .. 3-3 • Bull Trout 3-3 • Habitat Requirements ' . 3-3 Special Status Terrestrial Species ........••.......................... 3-3 • Animals 3-4 • Plants.................................................... 3-6 Ecosystem Function 3-7 Human Uses................................................ .. 3-7 4 FACTORS AFFECTING RESOURCE VALUES Stream Temperature . 4-1 • Background ..................................•............ 4-1 • Analysis Methodology . 4-1 • Results . 4-2 Water Quality: Dissolved Oxygen, pH and Ammonia . 4-11 • Background .............................................•. 4-11 • Analysis Methodology . 4-11 • Results . 4-12 Water Quantity . 4-15 • Background . 4-15 • Analysis Methodology . 4-15 • Results . 4-16 Fish Habitat ..............................•................... 4-19 • Background . 4-19 • Analysis Methodology . 4-20 • Results . 4-21 I Barriers and Diversions . 4-31 5 LAND USE ACTIVITIES AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH THE LANDSCAPE I General Land Use ............................................... 5-1 Agriculture ~ . .. 5-1 Grazing 5-2 Ii I River Basin Assessment - Upper/Middle Grande Ronde River & Catherine Creek Mining 5-3 Identified Point Sources 5-3 Vegetative Health and Noxious Weeds ". .. 5-3 • Forest Vegetation 5-3 • Non-Forest Vegetation. .......... .......................... .. 5-4 • Noxious Weeds ... .... ....... .......................... .. 5-4 Timber Harvest and Road Construction ............................ .. 5-4 • Overview 5-4 • Impacts on Watershed Processes 5-5 • Analysis Methodology ...................................... .. 5-5 • Results and Linkage to Aquatic Conditions ....................... .. 5-7 • Impacts to Special Status Animals and Plants " 5-8 6 SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTION Subbasin Conditions . ............................... .. 6-1 • Aquatic Resources, Conditions and Related Influences . .. 6-1 • Terrestrial Resources ................................. .. 6-9 Data Gaps and Additional Information Needs .................. .. 6-9 7 REFERENCES ApPENDIX A Descriptive Data Used in Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin Assessment iii River Basin Assessment - Upper/Middle Grande Ronde River & Catherine Creek LIST OF TABLES 1-1 USGS Hierarchical Classification for The Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin 1-2 2-1 General Information for The Three Major Subdivisions in The Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin ' . 2-1 2-2 Watershed Related Properties of The Geologic Units in The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin . 2-4 2-3a Matrix for Runoff Potential 2-6 2-3b Matrix for Erosion Potential 2-6 I 3-1 AFS Aquatic Diversity Areas . 3-2 3-2 Special Status Animals and Plants Found in The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin . 3-5 3-3 Ecosystem Cells Identified in The Oregon Natural Heritage Plan That Occur in The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin . 3-8 4-1 Stream Temperature Data for The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin . 4-3 4-2 Water Quality Standards for The Grande Ronde Basin . 4-12 4-3 Water Availability Information for The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin . 4-17 4-4 Target Criteria for Habitat Parameters . 4-21 4-5 , Summary of Habitat Information for Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin (from Huntington, 1993) . 4-30 5-1a Soils / Slope Stratification for Runoff Vulnerability . 5-6 5-1b Soils / Slope / Geology Stratification for Erosion Vulnerability . 5-6 6-1 Summary of Conditions for Stream Systems in The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin 6-2 iv River Basin Assessment - Upper/Middle Grande Ronde River & Catherine Creek LIST OF FIGURES 2-1 Distribution of Land Ownership 2-2 2-2 Vegetation Classes from Oregon GAP Analysis. ............ .. 2-7 2-3 Longitudinal Profiles for Several Streams in The Upper Grande Ronde Subbasin . .. 2-8 2-4 Longitudinal Profiles for The Grande Ronde River from Rondowa to The Headwaters 2-8 2-5 Stream Discharge in The Grande Ronde River and Catherine Creek. .. 2-9 4-1a Large Woody Material Values for The Grande Ronde Headwater Tributaries 4-22 4-1b Bank Stability Values for The Grande Ronde Headwater Tributaries 4-22 4-1c Cobble Embeddedness/Surface Fines Values for The Grande Ronde Headwater Tributaries ................................................. .. 4-22 4-2a Stream Shade Values for The Six Stream Groups 4-23 4-2b Width:Depth for The Six Stream Groups ................•............ 4-23 4-3a Large Woody Material Values for Streams in The Meadow Creek System 4-24 4-3b Bank Stability Values for Streams in The Meadow Creek System 4-24 4-3c Cobble Embeddedness/Surface Fines Values for Streams in The Meadow Creek System ...... .. 4-24 4-4a Large Woody Material Values for Beaver, Jordan and Rock Creeks 4-25 4-4b Bank Stability Values for Beaver, Jordan and Rock Creeks 4-25 4-4c Cobble Embeddedness/Surface Fines Values for Beaver, Jordan and Rock Creeks . .. 4-25 4-5a Large Woody Material Values for The Catherine Creek System 4-26 4-5b Bank Stability Values for The Catherine Creek System ....•.............. 4-26 4-5c Cobble Embeddedness/Surface Fines Values for The Catherine Creek System ... ................................................ .. 4-26 v River Basin Assessment - Upper/Middle Grande Ronde River & Catherine Creek 4-6a Large Woody Material Values for Indian Creek and Streams in The Lookingglass System ". .. 4-27 4-6b Bank Stability Values for Indian Creek and Streams in The Lookingglass System . .. 4-27, 4-6c Cobble Embeddedness/Surface Fines Values for Indian Creek and Streams in The Lookingglass System. .. 4-27 4-7a Large Woody Material Values for The Mainstem Grande Ronde River 4-28 4-7b Bank Stability Values for The Mainstem Grande Ronde River 4-28 4-7c Cobble Embeddedness/Surface Fines Values for The Mainstem Grande Ronde River. .. 4-28 5-1 Fragmentation of Forest in The Upper Grande Ronde Basin 5-7 MAP CAPTIONS (End of "Document) 1 Land Ownership and Subdivision Boundaries 2 Elevation Classes 3 Geology 4 Proportion of Map Units with High and Very High Runoff Potential 5 Vegetation classes form Oregon GAP Analysis 6 Distribution of Spring Chinook Spawning and Rearing, Location of Threatened and Endangered Plant/Animal Species, and AFS Aquatic Diversity Areas 7 Distribution of Summer Steelhead
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