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Catherine Creek - 37 Stream and Fish Habitat Restoration Completion Report

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Catherine Creek - 37 Stream and Fish Habitat Restoration Completion Report Catherine Creek - 37 Stream and Fish Habitat Restoration Completion Report Bonneville Power Administration Project Number 1992-026-01 Contract # 58036 Contract Period July 16, 2012 – February, 2013 Completed by: Craig Schellsmidt, Kate Frenyea - Union Soil and Water Conservation District March 2013 Photo 1: Completed Boulder, Large Wood Structure, Racking Materials, Sedge Mat Placement, Excavated Floodplain and Activated Old Meander Channel to become Main Stream Channel again, Preserve Old Meander Channel Existing Mature Trees, Re-seeded, Mulched, and Replanted with Willow Whips, Container Plants, and Protected with Panel Pods all Disturbed Riparian Areas. 1 Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Limiting Factors……………………………………………………………………………………………...4 Goals and Objectives…………………………………………………………………………………………4 Implemented Actions…………………………………………………………………………………………5 Benefits…………………………………………………………………………………………….................7 Monitoring Plan………………………………………………………………………………………………8 Project Maintenance……………………………………………………………………………….................9 Weed Management Plan……………………………………………………………………………………...9 Public Outreach………………………………………………………………………………………………9 Lessons Learned……………………………………………………………………………………………..10 Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………………….10 Addendums: Final Budget Deliverable Project Construction Metrics Maps Design 2 Introduction This project is located on a private ranch 1.7 miles west of Union, Oregon on Catherine Creek in the Upper Grande Ronde River Basin. Catherine Creek is a major tributary to the Grande Ronde River and the project is 37 miles upstream from the confluence. The project encompasses approximately 30 acres and both banks of 0.75 miles mainstem Catherine Creek and associated wetlands. Historically, the Grande Ronde River and Catherine Creek have been channelized for flood control and subjected to poor agricultural practices. Straightened channels, livestock overgrazing, and crop/pasture encroachment has minimalized or eliminated riparian vegetative buffers between farm land and the streams. This has caused severe erosion and bank instability issues leading to decreased water quality and loss of stream complexity and fish habitat. This increase in stream sediment load and riparian vegetation loss results in high stream temperatures and is the major TMDL factor in Catherine Creek. Catherine Creek restoration is highly important as the Creek plays an important role in the Upper Grande Ronde River Basin with the recovery of Snake River Spring/Summer Chinook Salmon, Steelhead, and Columbia River Bull Trout. Each is listed as threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Grande Ronde River Basin ESA survival numbers are among the lowest of any groups in the Columbia Basin. Historically, Spring Chinook spawned, reared, and migrated within this Catherine Creek project’s area. The National Marine Fisheries Service has listed the lack of physical habitat and stream complexity, high water temperatures, poor riparian conditions, and fine sediment inputs as the main threats to the Spring Chinook Salmon and Steelhead populations. Bull trout are also located in Catherine Creek and face the same issues. During the winters 2009 through 2013, the Upper Grande Ronde/Catherine Creek Tributary Assessment Plan “Overwintering” fish tracking study was conducted by BOR/ODFW on Chinook Salmon smolts in the Upper Grande Ronde/Catherine Creek. Over 200 radio tagged smolts were tracked. The Study’s research confirms this project site is within a high priority area for critical juvenile Chinook Salmon wintering habitat, previously thought to function mainly as a migration corridor. A significant number of smolts and juveniles are present in this stretch of Catherine Creek. As part of the Assessment Plan study, ODFW conducted physical habitat surveys on the Creek and listed the project’s area as extremely limited for Salmonid spawning and rearing habitat. The ODFW habitat surveys as well as this project’s technical design team indicate the current level of channel complexity and habitat quality are particularly low in this reach with high intrinsic potential and substantial use by juvenile Salmonids. The concerned landowner/lessee contacted the District about the severe erosion, bank instability, and high water event flooding issues. Multiple site visits with the District and BOR, CTUIR, NMFS, ODFW, and USFW further identified the loss of stream complexity, wetland functions, and fish habitat issues. The project partners in consultations with the landowner/lessee determined this should be a priority project. Accordingly, this project addressed many of the recommended restoration activities of the OWEB Basin Priorities, Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin Agricultural Water Quality Management Area Plan, ODEQ Upper Grande Ronde TMDLs, NWPCC Grande Ronde Subbasin Plan, FCRPS BiOp, and the Northeast Oregon Snake River Recovery Plan. Research based on the Assessment Plan study found this project’s reach in poor to fair condition. Stream segments exhibit a lack of deep pools, little complex cover, channel incision, and poor riparian vegetation communities with some large trees and little overhanging vegetation. Prior channelization has removed the meander bends and point bars that are essential to create and maintain deep pools. Current pool locations are adjacent to existing car bodies and other informal riprap, under a private bridge, and near a few willow trees with localized scour. The localized scour is generally a result of sediment deposition in mid-channel bars and, to a lesser extent, initial starts of point bars forming as the creek slowly evolves 3 back to a more meandering stream form. Sediment storage in the channel is causing localized bank erosion, channel over-widening, and the channel is becoming shallower which further exacerbates many of the problems already present in the area. Existing head cuts have migrated upstream to the project area and incised the channel 3 feet, furthering hydrologic disconnection to the floodplain. Stream bank erosion is prominent along many portions of the creek which have nearly vertical, actively eroding stream banks that contribute excessive sediment to Catherine Creek. Since the fall of 2010, both sides of the project riparian area was temporarily fenced, approximately 17.7 acres enclosed, to exclude livestock and rest the project area until construction was completed. Construction of approximately 0.75 miles of permanent conservation easement boundary, consisting of 4 strand barbed wire exclosure fence was funded and installed under the CTUIR/BPA easement program. This allows the project protection and the opportunity to mature under the 15 year conservation easement. Limiting Factors The project area is located at River mile 37 within Reach UGS10A (Summer Steelhead) and Reach CCC3 (Spring-Summer Chinook) (Northeast Oregon Snake River Recovery Plan, Draft (NOAA, March 2012) and BiOp Expert Panel Draft Reach Delineations (BPA/BOR, April 2012). Geographically, these reaches encompass Middle Catherine Creek from the confluence of Pyles Creek upstream to the North and South Forks of Catherine Creek. The Project Area is also located within Reach 3 of the Bureau of Reclamation Tributary Assessment (BOR, February 2012) and has been identified as one of the highest priority reaches for restoration actions. Primary habitat limiting factors identified within the project area have been developed through literature review, field visits by basin biologists, and field investigations and reference of the NOAA Fisheries NE Oregon Snake River Recovery Plan and BiOp Expert Panel Process commissioned by BOR and BPA. Key habitat limiting factors, discussed in more detail in Section 8, include: CCC3 and UGS10A - Middle Catherine Creek (Pyles Cr. To North and South Forks of Catherine Creek) 4.1: Riparian Condition: Degraded riparian conditions 4.2: Riparian Condition: Large wood Recruitment 5.1: Peripheral and Transitional Habitats: Side channel and wetland conditions 5.2: Peripheral and Transitional Habitats: Floodplain condition 6.1: Channel Structure and Form: Bed and channel form 6.2: Channel Structure and Form: In-stream structural complexity, lack of habitat quantity/diversity (low abundance of pool habitat, and channel complexity) 7.2: Sediment Conditions: Increased sediment quantity/excess fine sediment 8.1: Water Quality: Temperature, elevated summer stream temperatures, low DO levels 9.2: Water Quantity: decreased water quantity, lower summer flows Goals and Objectives Project Goal Statement The overall project goal was to restore fish habitat within the natural character and function of Catherine Creek while protecting and maintaining the utility and economic viability of a working ranch. The project goal addressed the critical habitat limiting factors in Catherine Creek, a spawning and rearing tributary for Spring-Summer Chinook Salmon and Summer Steelhead in the Upper Grande Ronde River Basin. 4 Project Specific Objectives Protect Habitat: Develop a riparian conservation easement along both sides of 0.75 mile of Catherine Creek. The conservation strategy includes either a BPA Riparian Conservation Easement and or a FSA CREP Easement. This would be a separate contract agreement implemented immediately after construction. Stream banks within the project area are currently fenced with temporary electric fence and livestock are excluded from grazing the riparian area. Enhance Floodplain Connectivity and In-stream Structural Diversity and Complexity:
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