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Participatory Mapping Gis Tools for Making Hidden Places Visible

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Participatory Mapping Gis Tools for Making Hidden Places Visible PARTICIPATORY MAPPING GIS TOOLS FOR MAKING HIDDEN PLACES VISIBLE A CASE STUDY OF THE TEXAS FREEDOM COLONIES ATLAS By MJ Biazar April 2019 Chair of Committee, Andrea Roberts Co-Chair of Committee, Douglas Wunneburger Committee Member, Daniel Goldberg PARTICIPATORY MAPPING GIS TOOLS FOR MAKING HIDDEN PLACES VISIBLE A CASE STUDY OF THE TEXAS FREEDOM COLONIES ATLAS A Master’s Professional Paper by MOHAMMAD JAVAD BIAZAR Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF URBAN PLANNING Chair of Committee, Andrea Roberts Co-Chair of Committee, Douglas Wunneburger Committee Member, Daniel Goldberg Head of Department, Shannon Van Zandt May 2019 Major Subject: Urban and Regional Planning PARTICIPATORY MAPPING GIS AND TOOLS FOR MAKING HIDDEN PLACES VISIBLE A CASE STUDY OF THE TEXAS FREEDOM COLONIES ATLAS A Master’s Professional Paper by MOHAMMAD JAVAD BIAZAR Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF URBAN PLANNING Approved as to style and content by: Dr. Andrea Roberts Dr. Douglas Wunneburger (Chair of Committee) (Co-chair of Committee) Dr. Daniel Goldberg Dr. Shannon Van Zandt (Member of Committee) (Head of Department) Dr. Jorge Vanegas Dr. Karen Butler-Purry (Dean of College) (Dean of Graduate School) May 2019 Major Subject: Urban and Regional Planning ABSTRACT i DEDICATION This is dedicated to: My father, who taught me to work as hard as I can to make my dreams come true; My mother and my wonderful family for all their support and love; and My lovely wife Lida who has always been my best friend for her inspiration, encouragements, and sacrifices. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The successful completion of this paper was not possible without support, encouragement, and assistance of my wonderful committee chair and members. I would like to express my profound appreciation to my advisor Dr. Andrea Roberts for giving me the opportunity to be a part of this amazing project. I owe all my success in this project to her support and inspiration. I would like to give my special thanks to Dr. Douglas Wunneburger for his kind help and support. I will never forget his stories! I enjoyed every moment of his classes and I learned a ton from him. I am grateful for being lucky enough to get to know Dr. Daniel Goldberg at TAMU GIS Day 2017. He introduced me to the amazing world of ArcGIS online which was the essence of this paper. I would like to extend my gratefulness to the College of Architecture staff and administration and all my professors. Special thanks to my friends whom I learned a lot from and I cherish their friendship forever. Finally, I want to thank my family, especially my wife Lida who has always been by my side through thick and thin. iii Participatory Mapping GIS Tools for Making Hidden Places Visible MJ Biazar TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... i DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................................................. iii 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. RESEARCH QUESTION ................................................................................................................... 3 1.2. TEXAS FREEDOM COLONIES .......................................................................................................... 3 1.3. TEXAS FREEDOM COLONIES PROJECT ........................................................................................... 4 1.4. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS ........................................................................................................... 6 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 8 2.1. OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ................................................................................................................. 9 2.2.1. BENEFITS OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN PLANNING ........................................................... 10 2.2.2. PARTICIPATORY PLANNING ................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3. E-PARTICIPATION ................................................................................................................ 11 2.3. LOCAL KNOWLEDGE & CITIZEN SCIENCE .................................................................................... 13 2.3.1. BENEFITS OF CITIZEN SCIENCE ............................................................................................ 13 2.4. CROWDSOURCING ...................................................................................................................... 14 2.4.1. CROWDSOURCING AND PLANNING .................................................................................... 14 2.4.2. BENEFITS OF CROWDSOURCING ......................................................................................... 15 2.4.3. CHALLENGES OF CROWDSOURCING ................................................................................... 16 2.4.4. CITIZEN SCIENCE AND CROWDSOURCING .......................................................................... 17 2.4.5. CROWDSOURCED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ................................................................ 17 2.4.6. OPEN-SOURCE CROWDSOURCING ...................................................................................... 17 2.5. GIS AND URBAN PLANNING (BOTTOM-UP GIS) .......................................................................... 18 2.6. GIS IN GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PROGRAMS ...................................................................... 18 2.7. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN GIS .................................................................................................... 19 2.8. PARTICIPATORY MAPPING .......................................................................................................... 21 i Participatory Mapping GIS Tools for Making Hidden Places Visible MJ Biazar 3. CASES AND IMPLICATIO ...................................................................................................................... 23 3.1. OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................... 24 3.2. PARTICIPATORY MAPPING APPLICATIONS .................................................................................. 24 3.3. CASES .......................................................................................................................................... 26 3.3.1. CROWDSOURCING IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT................................................................ 28 3.3.2. CROWDSOURCING IN CITY MANAGEMENT ........................................................................ 30 3.3.3. WEB-BASED PARTICIPATORY DESIGNING PROCESS ............................................................ 31 3.3.4. CROWDSOURCING IN HISTORIC PRESERVATION ................................................................ 32 3.3.5. CROWDSOURCED COMMUNITY MAPPING......................................................................... 34 4. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 38 4.1. OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................... 39 4.2. PRE-STUDY LIST ........................................................................................................................... 39 4.3. MAPPING PROCESS ..................................................................................................................... 40 4.3.1. FINDING MATCHING NAMES .............................................................................................. 40 4.3.2. ADDRESSING DUPLICATE RECORDS .................................................................................... 45 4.3.3. RESULTS VERIFICATION ....................................................................................................... 47 4.3.4. SEARCHING FOR UNLOCATED PLACES ................................................................................ 48 4.3.5. COMBINING RESULTS AND CREATING THE FINAL MAP ...................................................... 48 5. CASE STUDY ......................................................................................................................................... 49 5.1. OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................... 50 5.2. SURVEY FORMS ........................................................................................................................... 52 5.3. THE ATLAS ..................................................................................................................................
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