On 26 October 1846 Haast married Antonia Schmidt, who came from a very musical family. A son, Robert, H was born on 10 January 1848. In 1858 Haast accepted a proposal by the English ship owners Willis, Gann and Company to go to New Zealand and report on the prospects for German emigration. Haast arrived in on 21 December 1858, only one day before the ‘Novara’ arrived with the geologist Haast, Johann Franz Julius von (1822–1887) F. Hochstetter.* Haast and Hochstetter became friends Burrows 2005 ■ Caudel 2007 ■ Haast 1948 ■ and made a number of geological expeditions togeth- Harrison 2006 ■ W. Langer, 1992. ‘Der Bonner er in the Auckland and Nelson areas. On 14 October Neuseelandforscher Sir Johann Franz Julius von 1859 Haast’s wife died. Hochstetter left New Zealand, Haast (1822–1887)’, Bonner Geschichtsblätter, 39, but Haast stayed on at the request of the Nelson pro- p. 273–293 ■ P.B. Maling, ‘Haast, Johann Franz Julius vincial government, spending 8 months exploring the von — Biography’, DNZB online, accessed 04-03-2012 western part of the province. In December 1859 Haast ■ M. Müllerott, ‘Haast, Sir Julius Johann Franz Ritter proposed the provincial government of Canterbury to von‘ NDB 7(1966), online version. survey that province, too. In 1861 he obtained the post of provincial geologist. His membership of a mason- The German, later New Zealand, geologist Johann ic lodge probably greatly facilitated his entry in New Franz Julius Haast was born in , Germany, on 1 Zealand society. May 1822 and died in Christschurch, New Zealand, on Haast was naturalized in 1863, marrying a New 16 August 1887. Zealand woman that same year. He explored and Much is uncertain or unknown about the period of his mapped the Alps of the Southern Island, collecting life before he went to New Zealand. It is known that he not only geological data but also many botanical and visited secondary schools in Bonn and , where zoological specimens on his expeditions. the curriculum included German, French, and English, Haast did his utmost to stimulate science in New history, geography, natural history and mathematics. Zealand. He founded the Philosophical Institute of Afterwards he was apprenticed to a commercial firm; it Canterbury in 1862. The year before, in 1861, he had is likely he was trained as a mining technician. He was made a modest beginning starting a museum based on in contact with the geologists J.J. Noeggerath (1788– his own collections. He made the most of the discov- 1877) and E.H.K. von Dechen (1800–1889), and proba- ery of a rich store of remains; using skeletons as bly attended some of their lectures. Haast later claimed gifts to museums elsewhere he received a great deal in he had studied economy, chemistry, mineralogy and return. A special building was erected which was final- geology during his apprenticeship, but it is not known ly opened in 1870, with Haast already being appointed whether he ever completed his training. In 1841 or 1842 director of the museum in 1868. Haast and Bishop he must have moved to Belgium, as he was initiated H.J.C. Harper were instrumental in the establishment in the Masonic Lodge Philadelphia there in October of Canterbury College, where Haast taught geology 1842, becoming a master the next year. Haast later and palaeontology until his death. wrote he would have liked to devote himself to mining, Haast received many honours. He was elected a Fellow but his father wanted him to leave Bonn and sent him of the Royal Society in 1867 and in 1886 Cambridge to Verviers. In 1844 he settled in , where he University conferred upon him the honorary degree of became immersed in music, taking singing and violin D.Sc.. The Austrian emperor conferred upon him an lessons. He became a citizen of Frankfurt in 1846 hereditary knighthood in 1875, permitting him to add (Bonn belonged to Prussia at that time, but Frankfurt ‘von’ to his name. did not). In Frankfurt he remained active in freema- sonry. In 1849–1850 Haast was registered as a partner 1859–1860 in a business selling fabrics and flowers. Apparently he Under the pseudonym ‘Julius Hanf’: also was involved in commissioned sales and hauling. Expedition der k.k. Fregatte Novara. 41. Der In 1852 his occupation was said to be a ‘peddler’; from Aufenthalt der Novara in Neu-Seeland. Wiener Zeitung 1853 to 1857 nothing is known about his professional (Abendblatt) no.84, April 13, 1859, p. 337–339; no.85, career. In an obituary in 1877 he is said to have worked April 14, 1859, p. 341–343; no.86, April 15, 1859, p. 346– in a Frankfurt bookshop. 347; no.87, April 16, 1859, p. 349–350; no.88, April 18, Haast himself later wrote he had travelled extensively, 1859, p. 354–355, no.89, April 19, 1859, p. 358–359, in Belgium, Holland, France, England, Russia, Austria, no.90, April 20, 1859, p. 361–363, no.91, April 21, 1859, Switzerland and Italy. His geological interests are p. 366–368. evident from later references to these travels, though Streifzüge in Neu-Seeland. Eine Villegiatura in he had very little academic training in geology before Auckland, Wiener Zeitung (Abendblatt) no.277, moving to New Zealand.

184 | Haast, Johann Franz Julius von December 5, 1859, p. 1111–1112, no.278, December 6, Hungary (now Magyaróvár, part of the larger town 1859, p. 1116, no.279, December 7, 1859, p. 1118–1120. Mosonmagyaróvár) on 28 November 1854. His father Streifzüge in Neuseeland. Land und Leute in der stimulated his interest in botany. In 1876 he received Provinz Nelson, Wiener Zeitung, no.58, March 6, 1860, a doctorate of philosophy, after which he went to p. 973–974; no.60, March 8, 1860, p. 1008; no.61, March Tübingen University on a stipend and adopted the 9, 1860, p. 1029; no.62, March 10, 1860, p. 1041; no.64, ideas of S. Schwendener for a fruitful combination of March 13, 1860, p. 1081; no.65, March 14, 1860, p. 1103. plant anatomy and physiology, extending them to all Contents. A series of newspaper articles describing the parts of the plant. He returned to Austria and habil- impressions of the joint journeys of Hochstetter and itated in Vienna in 1878. Two years later in 1880 he Haast in 1859–1860. There are three different headings; was appointed at the Technical University of Graz., the first series is intended as a continuation of the let- becoming Professor of Botany at Graz University in ters which Hochstetter wrote to the Wiener Zeitung. 1888 and Professor of Plant Physiology in Berlin in 1909. He was one of the first to establish the exist- 1861 ence of plant hormones and their significance for cell Report of a topographical and geological exploration of division, embryo development etc. Haberlandt died in the Western Districts of . Nelson, New Berlin on 30 January 1945. Zealand: printed by C.& J. Elliot. Description: viii, 150. Contents. This extremely rare book contains a narra- 1893 tive of the journey; Haast 1948 describes the journey Eine botanische Tropenreise. Indo-Malayische and gives some long quotes from the book. Vegetationsbilder und Reiseskizzen. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. Description: viii, 300, b/w illus. 1879 ¶¶ 1910, 2nd ed. Description viii, 296, 12 pl. Geology of the provinces of Canterbury and Westland, ¶¶ 1926, 3rd ed. The subtitle has the spelling Indo- New Zealand. A Report comprising the results of official Malaiische. Description: x, 296, 48 illus. in text, 9 half- explorations. , New Zealand: print- tone pl., 3 repr. of watercolours. ed at the ‘Times’ office. Description: xii, 486, fold. front., 4 maps, of which two fold., col. and two b/w Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich Philipp August (1834–1919) of which one fold., 7 views of scenery after photo- Richards 2008 ■ G. Uschmann, ‘Haeckel, Ernst graphs, fold., 2 fold. pl. of skeletons of fossil birds, Heinrich Philipp August’, NDB 7(1966), p. 423–425, 2 fold. col. pl. of sections, 8 pl. with sections, of online version ■ G. Uschmann, ‘Haeckel, Ernst which one fold., either in b/w or in b/w with a pale Heinrich Philipp August’, DSB 6 (1972), p. 6–11. brown auxiliary colour, with a table listing the 8 pl. The distribution of the illustrations over the volume The German zoologist Ernst Heinrich Philipp August is not always according to the order in which the Haeckel was born in Potsdam on 16 February 1834 and plates are listed after the table of contents, at least died in Jena on 9 August 1919. not in my own copy. Already as a grammar school boy, Haeckel knew Contents. The book, which amalgamates a number his plants very well, Not surprisingly, he wanted to of earlier reports, consists of three parts. The first become a botanist initially, but followed the wishes of part offers a narrative of Haast’s explorations, who his parents and studied medicine in Berlin, Würzburg frequently waxes enthusiastic about the splendid and Vienna, where he became especially interested in and grandiose scenery. Here also the reader will find comparative anatomy and histology. Albert Koelliker some information about the characteristic vegetation (1817–1905) and Johannes Müller (1801–1858) inspired of the Southern Alps. The second part deals with the in him an enthusiasm for the study of the lower physical geography, the third part with the geology. marine fauna, which he studied at Helgoland in 1854 Originally Haast also intended to include a part deal- and Nizza in 1856. He obtained a doctorate in Berlin ing with the botany and zoology, but this would have in 1857, took the ‘Staatsexam’ for medicine (an exam- made the book too voluminous. Haast adds he hoped ination required to be allowed to practise as a physi- to have been able to write a popular accont of his cian), but then gave up medicine and devoted himself explorations, but not having been successful, the first to zoology and comparative anatomy. part of this book might help to fill the gap. While on a journey to Italy in 1859–1860 he studied Radiolaria and discovered 144 new species. Haeckel Haberlandt, Gottlieb Friedrich Johann (1854–1945) habilitated in Jena with the support of the anatomist F.Th. Brücke, ‘Haberlandt, Gottlieb’ in NDB 7 (1966), Carl Gegenbaur (1826–1903), becoming Associate p. 394–395, online version ■ R. Sattler, ‘Haberlandt, Professor of Comparative Anatomy at Jena’s Faculty Gottlieb’ DSB 5 (1972), p. 623–624. of Medicine in 1862, and Full Professor of Zoology at the Faculty of Philosophy one year later. One of the The Austrian botanist Gottlieb Friedrich Johann first things he did was to set up a zoological institute. Haberlandt was born in Ungarisch-Altenburg in Though he received many attractive offers from other

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