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The Western Front the First World War Battlefield Guide: World War Battlefield First the the Westernthe Front
Ed 2 June 2015 2 June Ed The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 1 The Western Front The First Battlefield War World Guide: The Western Front The Western Creative Media Design ADR003970 Edition 2 June 2015 The Somme Battlefield: Newfoundland Memorial Park at Beaumont Hamel Mike St. Maur Sheil/FieldsofBattle1418.org The Somme Battlefield: Lochnagar Crater. It was blown at 0728 hours on 1 July 1916. Mike St. Maur Sheil/FieldsofBattle1418.org The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 1 The Western Front 2nd Edition June 2015 ii | THE WESTERN FRONT OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR ISBN: 978-1-874346-45-6 First published in August 2014 by Creative Media Design, Army Headquarters, Andover. Printed by Earle & Ludlow through Williams Lea Ltd, Norwich. Revised and expanded second edition published in June 2015. Text Copyright © Mungo Melvin, Editor, and the Authors listed in the List of Contributors, 2014 & 2015. Sketch Maps Crown Copyright © UK MOD, 2014 & 2015. Images Copyright © Imperial War Museum (IWM), National Army Museum (NAM), Mike St. Maur Sheil/Fields of Battle 14-18, Barbara Taylor and others so captioned. No part of this publication, except for short quotations, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the permission of the Editor and SO1 Commemoration, Army Headquarters, IDL 26, Blenheim Building, Marlborough Lines, Andover, Hampshire, SP11 8HJ. The First World War sketch maps have been produced by the Defence Geographic Centre (DGC), Joint Force Intelligence Group (JFIG), Ministry of Defence, Elmwood Avenue, Feltham, Middlesex, TW13 7AH. United Kingdom. -
The Origination and Evolution of Radio Traffic Analysis: World War II
DOCID: 3860741 UNCLASSIFIED The Origination and Evolution of Radio Traffic Analysis: World War II ( b ) ( 3 ) - E' . L . 86 - 3 6 ____I ··· Tb;• artitle it UNCLASSJF1ED OJrcept for the author's biography which is classified as marked. The bombing of the Philippines by the Japanese on 8 December 1941 came as a shock to the United States even though some Americans were braced for other attacks following the infamy of Pearl Harbor the previous day.1 After the near destruction of the U.S . fleet in Hawaii, the Japanese were focused on the rows of B-17s and P-40s parked neatly in the mid-day sun at Clark Field. MacArthur's air force was destroyed on the ground on that Monday afternoon without a fight. On that day, Lieutenant Howard W. Brown, a radio intelligence veteran attached to the Second Signal Service Company at Manila, changed the mission of the Army intercept unit from Japanese diplomatic to potentially more lucrative air force communications and began reconstructing the tactical military nets serving the attacking Japanese. Thus began U.S. Army radio traffic analysis in World War II. In Europe, our entry into the war spurred closer cooperation with British signals intelligence. Radio traffic analysis, as indeed the entire field of Sigint, was comprehensively developed by the British following more than two years of war with the Germans. Bletchley Park, home of Britain's Government Code and Cipher School (GC&CS), became the center of Allied Sigint efforts in World War II. This included the preparation and training of U.S. -
United States Air Force and Its Antecedents Published and Printed Unit Histories
UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS PUBLISHED AND PRINTED UNIT HISTORIES A BIBLIOGRAPHY EXPANDED & REVISED EDITION compiled by James T. Controvich January 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTERS User's Guide................................................................................................................................1 I. Named Commands .......................................................................................................................4 II. Numbered Air Forces ................................................................................................................ 20 III. Numbered Commands .............................................................................................................. 41 IV. Air Divisions ............................................................................................................................. 45 V. Wings ........................................................................................................................................ 49 VI. Groups ..................................................................................................................................... 69 VII. Squadrons..............................................................................................................................122 VIII. Aviation Engineers................................................................................................................ 179 IX. Womens Army Corps............................................................................................................ -
521St AIR MOBILITY OPERATIONS WING
521st AIR MOBILITY OPERATIONS WING MISSION LINEAGE 555th Signal Aircraft Warning Battalion (Separate) established, 28 Feb 1942 Activated, 4 Jul 1942 Redesignated 555th Signal Aircraft Warning Battalion, 11 Mar 1943 Redesignated 501st Tactical Control Group, 31 Dec 1945 Inactivated, 25 Sep 1947 Redesignated 501st Aircraft Control and Warning Group, 18 May 1949 Activated, 10 Jun 1949 Redesignated 501st Tactical Control Group, 16 Mar 1952 Redesignated 501st Tactical Control Wing, 18 Dec 1957 Disestablished and inactivated, 18 Nov 1960 Redesignated 521st Tactical Control Wing, 31 Jul 1985 Redesignated 521st Air Mobility Operations Wing, 18 Aug 2008 Activated, 4 Sep 2008 STATIONS Drew Fld, FL, 4 Jul 1942 Camp Myles Standish, MA, 20 Nov-28 Dec 1943 Popham, England, 7 Jan 1944 Boxted, England, 2 Feb 1944 Ibsley, England, 18 Apr 1944 Plymouth, England, 19 May-6 Jun 1944 Vierville-sur-Mer, France, 7 Jun 1944 Cricqueville, France, 2 Jul 1944 Villedieu, France, 5 Aug 1944 Le Teilleuie, France, 14 Aug 1944 Aillieres, France, 23 Aug 1944 Les Loges-an-Josas, France, 31 Aug 1944 Paris, France, 4 Sep 1944 Ham-sur-Huere, Belgium, 16 Sep 1944 Verviers, Belgium, 26 Sep 1944 Gosselies, Belgium, 18 Dec 1944 Verviers, Belgium, 7 Jan 1945 Bruhl, Germany, 23 Mar 1945 Bad Wildungen, Germany, 11 Apr 1945 Gottingen, Germany, 12 Apr 1945 Nohra, Germany, 26 Apr 1945 Fritzlar, Germany, 25 Jun 1945 Furstenfeldbruck, Germany, 19 Jul 1945 Bad Kissengen, Germany, 3 Feb 1946 Wiesbaden, Germany, 5 Jul-25 Sep 1947 Zwingenberg, Germany, 10 Jun 1949 Landsberg, Germany, 17 -
Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War
The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War PRINTER: strip in FIGURE NUMBER A-1 Shoot at 277% bleed all sides Stephen L. McFarland A Douglas P–70 takes off for a night fighter training mission, silhouetted by the setting Florida sun. 2 The U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War Stephen L. McFarland AIR FORCE HISTORY AND MUSEUMS PROGRAM 1998 Conquering the Night Army Air Forces Night Fighters at War The author traces the AAF’s development of aerial night fighting, in- cluding technology, training, and tactical operations in the North African, European, Pacific, and Asian theaters of war. In this effort the United States never wanted for recruits in what was, from start to finish, an all-volunteer night fighting force. Cut short the night; use some of it for the day’s business. — Seneca For combatants, a constant in warfare through the ages has been the sanctuary of night, a refuge from the terror of the day’s armed struggle. On the other hand, darkness has offered protection for operations made too dangerous by daylight. Combat has also extended into the twilight as day has seemed to provide too little time for the destruction demanded in modern mass warfare. In World War II the United States Army Air Forces (AAF) flew night- time missions to counter enemy activities under cover of darkness. Allied air forces had established air superiority over the battlefield and behind their own lines, and so Axis air forces had to exploit the night’s protection for their attacks on Allied installations. -
2013-14 Newsletter.Pdf
The Mildenhall Register 15, 90, 149 and 622 Bomber Squadrons’ Association supported by Friends of 75 (NZ) Sqn and 218 (Gold Coast) Sqn Newsletter January 2014 No.622 SQUADRON -ROYAL AUXILIARY AIR FORCE BADGE PRESENTATION DAY Monday, 16th December 2013, was an atrocious day. The weather was extremely bad. It was a drab day with very low cloud and rain beating down, causing heavy spray and limited vision on the roads. Not a very good start to the coming week. However, the next day, Tuesday, 17th December, dawned bright but cold with a hint of ice on car windows. The early morning sky was clear, icy blue in colour with watery sunshine. From the top of the hill at Highworth, the view looking across the valley towards Carterton and Brize Norton resembled a series of large lakes where thick, low-lying mist hugged the ground. A few trees and the odd church spire projected up out of the mist, adding mystery to the scene. Like the Phoenix which rose up out of the fire, metaphorically, a different bird was to rise up out of this mist, but on this particular occasion, it was to be a long-eared owl, the emblem of No.622 Squadron. On this particular day, after a period of sixty-eight years absence, the number-plate of No.622 was to be officially Sqn Ldr Thomas Maxwell at the reinstated as an operational Royal Auxiliary Air controls of the Hercules C Mk1 J Force Squadron based at RAF Brize Norton. simulator during the 622 Sqn Mildenhall To witness this special day, a number of Register’s visit to RAF Brize Norton important guests were invited including Air Commodore Lord Beaverbrook, Air Marshal Sir Timothy Anderson, KCB, DSO and other Senior RAF Officers. -
Unclassified Xxix S E C\E T
A. Fighter; Total claims against enemy aircraft during the month were 39-0-13 in the air and 1-0-2 on the ground. Missions 25 Sorties 296 d. Flak.— XIX TAC aircraft losses for the month because of flak Tons Bombs on Tgts 128 were unusually high. Out of the 50 aircraft lost, 35 were victims of Tons Frags 14.69 flak. The enemy, realizing that the greatest threat to the success of Tons Napalm 7.15 its ARD3NNBS salient was American air power, built up a very strong Tons Incendiaries 10.25 anti-aircraft defense around the entire area. Rockets 22 Claims (air) 4-1-1 The TTY TAC A-2 Flak Officer, reporting near the end of the Geraan retreat from the Bulge area, said: B. Reconnaissance: "The proportion of flak protection to troops and area involved (in Tac/R Sorties 58/36 1. INTRODUCTION. the ARDENNES area) was higher than in any previous operation in this P/R Sorties 7/6 war's history. Artillery sorties 4/2 a. General.— opening the year of 1945, the XIX Tactical Air Com mand-Third US Army team had a big job on its hands before it could re "Flak units were apparently given the highest priorities in supply C. Night Fighter: sume the assault of the SIEGFRIED LINE. The German breakthrough into of fuel and ammunition. They must also have been given a great degree of the ARDENNES had been checked but not yet smashed. The enemy columns freedom in moving over roads always taxed to capacity. Sorties 15 which had surged toward the MEUSE were beginning to withdraw, for the Claims (air) 1-0-0 v wily Rundstedt's best-laid plans had been wrecked on the rock of BAS "In addition to the tremendous quantities of mobile flak assigned TOGNS. -
US Army Air Force 100Th-399Th Squadrons 1941-1945
US Army Air Force 100th-399th Squadrons 1941-1945 Note: Only overseas stations are listed. All US stations are summarized as continental US. 100th Bombardment Squadron: Organized on 8/27/17 as 106th Aero Squadron, redesignated 800th Aero Squadron on 2/1/18, demobilized by parts in 1919, reconstituted and consolidated in 1936 with the 135th Squadron and assigned to the National Guard. Redesignated as the 135th Observation Squadron on 1/25/23, 114th Observation Squadron on 5/1/23, 106th Observation Squadron on 1/16/24, federalized on 11/25/40, redesignated 106th Observation Squadron (Medium) on 1/13/42, 106th Observation Squadron on 7/4/42, 106th Reconnaissance Squadron on 4/2/43, 100th Bombardment Squadron on 5/9/44, inactivated 12/11/45. 1941-43 Continental US 11/15/43 Guadalcanal (operated through Russell Islands, Jan 44) 1/25/44 Sterling Island (operated from Hollandia, 6 Aug-14 Sep 44) 8/24/44 Sansapor, New Guinea (operated from Morotai 22 Feb-22 Mar 45) 3/15/45 Palawan 1941 O-47, O-49, A-20, P-39 1942 O-47, O-49, A-20, P-39, O-46, L-3, L-4 1943-5 B-25 100th Fighter Squadron: Constituted on 12/27/41 as the 100th Pursuit Squadron, activated 2/19/42, redesignated 100th Fighter Squadron on 5/15/42, inactivated 10/19/45. 1941-43 Montecorvino, Italy 2/21/44 Capodichino, Italy 6/6/44 Ramitelli Airfield, Italy 5/4/45 Cattolica, Italy 7/18/45 Lucera, Italy 1943 P-39, P-40 1944 P-39, P-40, P-47, P-51 1945 P-51 100th Troop Carrier Squadron: Constituted on 5/25/43 as 100th Troop transport Squadron, activated 8/1/43, inactivated 3/27/46. -
Readiness at Risk
February 2013/$5 Readiness at Risk Living Boneyard Air Dominance Lessons From WWII, Korea, and Vietnam Unconventional. Undetectable. Undeniable. The F-35A Lightning II delivers the 21st century capabilities U.S. and thE F-35 lightning ii tEAM allied forces need. An innovative combination of stealth, speed, NORTHROP GRUMMAN f-35 and cutting-edge sensors allows it to fly through or slip past BAE SYSTEMS lightning ii advanced air defenses, virtually undetected. Superior battlespace PRATT & WHITNEY awareness leaves the enemy nowhere to hide. And that gives lOCKhEED MARtin pilots unprecedented power to engage the target and return home. The F-35A Lightning II. Rising to the challenges of the 21st century. See it in action – F35.com. 301-64993_F35_Unconventional_AFM.indd 1 10/4/12 5:04 PM February 2013, Vol. 96, No. 2 Publisher Craig R. McKinley Editor in Chief Adam J. Hebert Editorial [email protected] Editor Suzann Chapman Executive Editors Michael Sirak John A. Tirpak Senior Editors Amy McCullough 26 Marc V. Schanz FEATURES Associate Editor Aaron M. U. Church 4 Editorial: The Perils of Air Parity By Adam J. Hebert Contributors USAF must preserve readiness, keep Walter J. Boyne, Jack Broughton, John modernization on track, and retain top- T. Correll, Robert S. Dudney, Rebecca notch airmen as funds decline. Grant, Peter Grier, Richard P. Hallion, Marina Malenic 26 Sharpening the Nuclear Sword By Aaron M. U. Church Production [email protected] Air Force Global Strike Command’s Managing Editor bombers and missile forces are at an Juliette Kelsey Chagnon increasing level of readiness. Assistant Managing Editor 32 Living Boneyard Frances McKenney By John A. -
Allied Expeditionary Air Force 6 June 1944
Allied Expeditionary Air Force 6 June 1944 HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY AIR FORCE No. 38 Group 295th Squadron (Albemarle) 296th Squadron (Albemarle) 297th Squadron (Albemarle) 570th Squadron (Albemarle) 190th Squadron (Stirling) 196th Squadron (Stirling) 299th Squadron (Stirling) 620th Squadron (Stirling) 298th Squadron (Halifax) 644th Squadron (Halifax) No 45 Group 48th Squadron (C-47 Dakota) 233rd Squadron (C-47 Dakota) 271st Squadron (C-47 Dakota) 512th Squadron (C-47 Dakota) 575th Squadron (C-47 Dakota) SECOND TACTICAL AIR FORCE No. 34 Photographic Reconnaissance Group 16th Squadron (Spitfire) 140th Squadron (Mosquito) 69th Squadron (Wellington) Air Spotting Pool 808th Fleet Air Arm Squadron (Seafire) 885th Fleet Air Arm Squadron (Seafire) 886th Fleet Air Arm Squadron (Seafire) 897th Fleet Air Arm Squadron (Seafire) 26th Squadron (Spitfire) 63rd Squadron (Spitfire) No. 2 Group No. 137 Wing 88th Squadron (Boston) 342nd Squadron (Boston) 226th Squadron (B-25) No. 138 Wing 107th Squadron (Mosquito) 305th Squadron (Mosquito) 613th Squadron (Mosquito) NO. 139 Wing 98th Squadron (B-25) 180th Squadron (B-25) 320th Squadron (B-25) No. 140 Wing 21st Squadron (Mosquito) 464th (RAAF) Squadron (Mosquito) 487t (RNZAF) Squadron (Mosquito) No. 83 Group No. 39 Reconnaissance Wing 168th Squadron (P-51 Mustang) 414th (RCAF) Squadron (P-51 Mustang) 430th (RCAF) Squadron (P-51 Mustang) 1 400th (RCAF) Squadron (Spitfire) No. 121 Wing 174th Squadron (Typhoon) 175th Squadron (Typhoon) 245th Squadron (Typhoon) No. 122 Wing 19th Squadron (P-51 Mustang) 65th Squadron (P-51 Mustang) 122nd Squadron (P-51 Mustang) No. 124 Wing 181st Squadron (Typhoon) 182nd Squadron (Typhoon) 247th Squadron (Typhoon) No. 125 Wing 132nd Squadron (Spitfire) 453rd (RAAF) Squadron (Spitfire) 602nd Squadron (Spitfire) No. -
About My Father, Nic Franzen…
About my father, Nic Franzen… Erwin Franzen July 6, 2018 My story really begins with my father, who was the dominant figure in my early life. Nic Franzen was born in March 1911 in the town of Esch-sur-Alzette, the second largest in my country Luxembourg. The river Alzette, which gave the Luxembourg national anthem its colloquial name, enters the country from France and passes under this town as a small creek before heading north to the capital city and beyond. Nic was the second of six children. He remembered a little bit about the Great War, in which our German neighbors crossed our country to attack our Belgian and French neighbors. There was no fighting on our soil as we did not have an army to oppose the Germans, but some action took place just over our borders. Nic was in second grade when the war ended in 1918. My father, Nic Franzen I don't remember him talking much about his youth and his first decade as an adult before the start of the second war in his life, World War II. His brief memoirs, which he recorded not long before his death in 1991, cover the period between the wars very sparsely. He did tell us his children some stories from the time in the late 1920s and early 1930s when he played dance music in local taverns on both sides of the French-Luxembourg border with his father, uncle and some of his brothers. He used to play the trumpet. By trade he was a mechanical fitter and welder. -
Historical Brief Installations and Usaaf Combat Units In
HISTORICAL BRIEF INSTALLATIONS AND USAAF COMBAT UNITS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 1942 - 1945 REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION OFFICE OF HISTORY HEADQUARTERS THIRD AIR FORCE UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN EUROPE OCTOBER 1980 REPRINTED: FEBRUARY 1985 FORE~ORD to the 1967 Edition Between June 1942 ~nd Oecemhcr 1945, 165 installations in the United Kingdom were used by combat units of the United States Army Air I"orce~. ;\ tota) of three numbered .,lr forl'es, ninc comllklnds, frJur ;jfr divi'iions, )} w1.l\~H, Illi j(r,IUpl', <lnd 449 squadron!'! were at onE' time or another stationed in ',r'!;rt r.rftaIn. Mnny of tlal~ airrll'lds hnvc been returned to fann land, others havl' houses st.lnding wh~rr:: t'lying Fortr~ss~s and 1.lbcratorR nllce were prepared for their mis.'ilons over the Continent, Only;l few rcm:l.1n ;IS <Jpcr.Jt 11)11., 1 ;'\frfll'ldH. This study has been initl;ltcd by the Third Air Force Historical Division to meet a continuin~ need for accurate information on the location of these bases and the units which they served. During the pas t several years, requests for such information from authors, news media (press and TV), and private individuals has increased. A second study coverin~ t~e bases and units in the United Kingdom from 1948 to the present is programmed. Sources for this compilation included the records on file in the Third Air Force historical archives: Maurer, Maurer, Combat Units of World War II, United States Government Printing Office, 1960 (which also has a brief history of each unit listed); and a British map, "Security Released Airfields 1n the United Kingdom, December 1944" showing the locations of Royal Air Force airfields as of December 1944.